高中英语外研版必修5Module 2

1、盛阳教育SHENG YANG EDUCATION 高中部英语学科组Module 2 A Job Worth Doing词汇全析 offer vi. （主动）提出（愿意做某事）。n. 提供；表示（愿意做某事或给予某物）。 e.g. 他主动提出把我们送到车站。 He offered to drive us to the station.用法：offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. （主动）给某人某物offer to do sth. （主动）提出/愿意做某事 offer sb. sth. for 向某人出价买某物 make an offer to do主动提出做 of

2、have sth. to offer能提供；能适合要求常见短语：offer oneself to 献身于make an offer to do 愿意做例题：（1）When _ help, one often says “Thank you” or “Its kind of you.” Aoffering Bto offer Cto be offered Doffered（2）We offered him our congratulations _ his passing the college entrance exams. Aat Bof Cfor Don（3）Why did you lea

3、ve that position? I _ a better position at IBM. Aoffer Boffered Cam offered Dwas offered解析：（1）Dwhen为从属连词，引导的从句省略了主语（one）和谓语（is）；主语one与offer之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。（2）Doffer sb. sth. 表示“为某人提供某物”；其中，congratulations on sth. / doing sth. 为固定搭配。（3）D考查动词的时态和语态。句中为offer sb. sth. 的被动式。被提供职位发生在过去，即说话之前，故用过去时的被动语态。in

4、particular 尤其；特别 （1）=particularly; especially特殊地；尤其 particular n. 细节，详细 adj.特殊的，特别的，独特的；详细的；精确的；挑剔的 （2）be particular about 对很讲究/挑剔 e.g. 我不怎么讲究我的衣着。我不在乎我穿什么。 Im not particular about my clothes. I dont mind what I wear. 他吃东西很讲究/挑剔。 He is very particular about his food.例题： Its always difficult being al

5、one in a foreign country, _ if you dont speak the language. Aextremely Bnaturally Cbasically Din particular解析： Dextremely极端地；naturally自然地；basically基本上地；in particular尤其，符合语境。on average 平均 相关拓展：above (the) average 在平均水平以上below (the) average 在平均水平以下up to (the) average 达到平均水平例题：Last year the number of s

6、tudents who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a(n) _ of 40,000 year. Aaverage Bnumber Camount Dquantity解析：Aaverage平均，平均数；a number of许多，大量，修饰可数名词；an amount of许多，大量，修饰不可数名词；a quantity of 许多，大量，修饰可数和不可数名词。根据句意可知选A。respect vt.遵守；尊敬；尊重 e.g. 实际上，几乎没有司机遵守这些规则。 In practice，few drivers respec

7、t the rules. 媒体应当尊重名人的隐私。 The media should respect famous peoples privacy.respectable a.体面的，可敬的respective a.各自的respectively ad. 分别地常见短语：show/pay respect for 向表示尊敬earn/win the respect of赢得的尊敬with respect to sth. 涉及、提及或关于某物in respect of关于；就而言bend n.弯曲处；弯道；vt. 使弯曲 e.g. 在下一个街道拐角处有个加油站。 There is a servic

8、e station round the bend in the street. 在这个问题上他态度很坚决，我无法使他改变主意。 He is firm about it. I cannot bend him.常见短语：bend back（使）向后弯、翻或屈bend over ones work at desk伏案工作bend ones mind/efforts to do致力于某事，专心致志于某事direct vt. 指挥；指导；导演adj.直接的；直率的 e.g. 这部电影由中国著名导演张艺谋指导。 The film was directed by the well-known Chinese

9、 director, Zhang Yimou. 他从伦敦直飞纽约。 He took a direct flight from London to New York.directly ad. 直接地pass by 经过；回避 常见短语：pass away 消磨掉，过去；去世，死掉pass on 传给（另外的人）；往下谈，谈下一个问题pass through 穿过，通过；经历pass down 把传给takefor granted 以为理所当然 e.g. 他总把我的帮助当成是理所当然的。 He always takes my help for granted.相关链接：take on 开始雇佣ta

10、ke over接管；接手takeas把当作；认为take away减去take after与相像take back收回（所说的话），使回忆起昔日take down拆，拆卸；褪下take in 领会例题：I _ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products. Amake Blook Ctake Dthink解析： C后面的that从句是真正的宾语，it是形式宾语，“as a ”为宾语补足语。takeas意为

11、“将作为（来看待）”，符合题意。encounter n. 相遇；邂逅 encounter difficulties遇到困难e.g.上周日我购物的时候偶遇Lucy。 I encountered Lucy when I was shopping last Sunday.have an effect on 对产生影响 on可以替换为upon。相关链接：be of no effect无效cause and effect因果come into effect开始生效in effect 事实上；在实施中qualified a. 合格的；称职的 qualify vt. 给予资格；使具有资格e.g. 他有资格教

12、法语。 He is qualified to teach French. =He is qualified for teaching French. =He is qualified as (to be) a teacher of French.qualification n. 资格；能力；证明书；执照；资格证take up 站好位置以备 相关链接：take away 拿走take back 收回；带回take down拆掉；记下take off脱下take place发生；举行take care of 照顾，保管take ones place=take the place of 代替take

13、 for 误以为take out 拿出，取出take notice of 注意earn vt.挣（钱） e.g. 你们国家一个厨师能赚多少钱？ How much does a cook earn in your country?常见短语：earn/make ones living/bread 谋生earn sb. praise为某人赢得赞扬例题：You are old enough to _ your own living. Awin Bgain Ctake Dearn解析：D固定搭配，意为谋生。apply vi. 申请；应用；使用；适用 e.g. 我该如何申请在线课程？How can I a

14、pply for an online course?这项规定适用于所有学生。This rule applies to all students.常见短语：applyto 将应用于apply for申请apply to 适应于apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物require vt. 需要；要求 requirement n .需要；需求e.g. 和孩子们打交道需要极大的耐心。 Dealing with children requires great patience.常见短语：require sth. from sb. 需要从某人那得到某物require sth. of s

15、b. 对某人要求某物require doing sth. 需要做某事=require to be donerequire sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事require that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事（虚拟语气）demand, require, request的区别：（1）从语义上来看，demand表示有正当权利的要求；因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思。 require表示“要求所必需的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其它客观情况的要求”。 request表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求”。（2）从语法上来看，共同点是：都可以接that引导的宾语从句，并且

16、都要求宾语从句中使用虚拟语气。 不同点是：require和request都可以接宾语+to do，而demand没有此种用法；require动名词时，主动形式的动名词具有被动意义，而demand和require无此种用法。in response to 作为的回应 response n. 回答；反应responsible a. 有责任的；认真负责的e.g. 如果我们不听，就不知道怎么回答。 Unless we listen, we cant know how to respond.suffer vi. 遭受 e.g. 人，生来就是要受苦的。 Men are born to suffer.suff

17、ering n. 痛苦，疼痛；苦难，疾苦常见短语：suffer from 受的苦；患病课文全析 1A job worth doing. worth a. 值得的（1）be worth sth. 值得的 e.g. 那条项链最多值五百美元。 That necklace was worth five hundred dollars at the most.（2）be worth doing （表被动） e.g. 这本书很值得一读。 This book is well worth reading.2You go to this person to get your hair cut.get的几种常见结

18、构：（1）后接带过去分词的复合宾语 e.g. 我要去理发。 Ill go and get my hair cut.（2）后接带形容词的复合宾语 e.g. 我不能打开这层抽屉了。 I cant get this drawer open.（3）后接带不定式的复合宾语 e.g. 你将永远不会理解他。 Youll never get him to understand.（4）后接带现在分词的复合宾语 e.g. 你能使这块表重新走起来吗？ Can you get the watch going again?例题：（1）He didnt want to get himself _ in the matte

19、r. Ainvolve Bto involve Cinvolved Dinvolving （2）You must get the work _ before noon. Ato do Bbeing done Cdoing Ddone（3）How are the team playing? Theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt. Agot Bgets Care Dwere（4）I used to quarrel a lot with may parents, but now we _ fine. Alook out Bstay up Ccarry

20、 on Dget along 解析：（1）Cinvolve为及物动词，involve sb. in sth. 使某人卷入某事。由于sb.提到involve前，故应用被动语态，过去分词可表被动，此处过去分词补充说明宾语himself。（2）D表示“做这份工作”为do the work，当work作逻辑主语时，do应用被动语态。这里的过去分词也是用来补充说明宾语himself。（3）A因主语one of them为单数形式，故排除C、D两项；理解句意，结合语境可知“受伤”是发生在过去，故用一般过去时。got是连系动词，作“变得”讲，表示状态的改变，后跟形容词或跟去分词作表语，空格后hurt是过去分

21、词，作got的表语。（4）Dlook out 当心；向外看。stay up熬夜。carry on继续开展，坚持。3We ask this person to put electricity in homes. put in投入（时间或努力）；安装，安置；正式提出；出价；插话，打断。相关链接： put up举起，挂起 put away把收起来，存放 put forward提出，呈上 put down 放下；写下，记下；镇压 put off 推迟，拖延 put out 扑灭；伸出例题：（1）He _ his hand to catch the teachers attention. Aput up

22、 Brose Cheld Dwas raise（2）Its wise to have some money _ for old age. Aput away Bkept up Cgiven away Dlaid up（3）His reliable words so warmed her heart that a strong feeling of thanks began to _ her.Aput up with Bthrow light on Ctake possession of Dbreak away with 解析：（1）A表示“举手”可以用raise，hold up或put up。

23、（2）A A为存放；B为保持；C为泄露；D为储存。根据题意可知是要存钱，所以选A。（3）CA为忍受，容忍；B为使了解，使更清楚；C为获得，占有，占据；D为突然离开，脱离，逃跑。只有C项符合题意。4Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. although 尽管，虽然 e.g. 虽然下着雪，但天并不冷。 Although it was snowing, it was not very cold. although, though与in sp

24、ite of的区别（1）although和though是连词，后接句子；in spite of后接名词。（2）though可用作副词，放在句尾；although则不能。 on average 平均；按平均数 average a. 平均的；平常的例题：（1）Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves.Aas long as Bunless Cas soon as Dthough（2）The old man asked Lucy to move to anothe

25、r chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif（3）I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. Aonce Bwhen Csince Dalthough解析：（1）AA为只要，B为除非，C为“一就”，D为虽然，根据题意，选择A。（2）C后面的从句表示原因，故填because。（3）Bonce作为连词，表“一旦”之意，引导条件状语从句；when表“当时候”之意，常引导时间状语从句

26、；since表“自从以来”之意，引导时间状语从句，还可以表示“既然”之意，引导原因状语从句。语法精讲 1一般过去时（1）表示在过去某个特定时间发生或完成的动作，或过去的习惯和经常发生的动作或状态。（不强调对现在的影响）常跟一些表示明确的过去时间的时间状语连用。时间状语：yesterday， last night， last week， last year， in 1945， during the war， just now， at that time， in the past， the other day， a moment ago， a few days ago e.g. 汤姆昨天来晚了。

27、Tom came late yesterday. 史密斯先生刚才来找过你。Mr. Smith came to see you just now.（2）表示过去将来的动作，在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。e .g.他许诺我如果他升职的话就给我买台电脑。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise.（3）want，wonder，hope，think，intend等动词用一般过去时往往表示“过去想要/想知道/希望/以为/打算”之意，暗示“现在不在这样”。 e.g. 我原以为他是一个诚实的人。I thought

28、he was an honest man. 他本没打算伤害你。He didnt intend to hurt you.（4）固定句式： It is time that sb. did sth. 是某人该干的时候了。 would rather （that） sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事。 If only sb. did sth. 要是某人现在或将来做某事就好了。 e.g. 到我们更加努力学习的时候了。Its time that we studied harder. 我宁愿他明天来。Id rather he came tomorrow. 要是我是一只鸟就好了! If only I we

29、re a bird!真题演练1（2011山东，31）When I got on the bus， I _ I had left my wallet at home.Awas realizing Brealized Chave realized Dwould realize2（2009山东，34）I was out of town at the time， so I dont know exactly how it _.Awas happening Bhappened Chappens Dhas happened3（2008北京，22）Have you read a book called Wa

30、iting for Anya? Who _ it?Awrites Bhas written Cwrote Dhad written4（2010安徽，26）Bob would have helped us yesterday， but he _.Awas busy Bis busy Chad been busy Dwill be busy答案解析 1B当我上了公共汽车的时候，我意识到我把钱包忘在家里了。题干在陈述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。2B那时我不在城里，所以我不是确切地知道事情是怎么发生的。根据题干中was out of town及前后逻辑关系可知设空处说的是过去的事情，故用过去时，排

31、除C、D两项；A项表“未完性”，不符合本题要求。3C你读过一本叫做等待安娅的书吗？谁写的？根据句意可知，第二句是对过去的事情提问，故排除A、B两项，而D项表示过去的过去，也不符合本题要求。4A鲍勃昨天本来可以帮助我们的，但是他当时很忙。根据设空处前面的would have helped us yesterday可知设空处表示的是过去的事情，故用过去时，排除B、D；C项表示过去的过去，本句没有过去的动作作为参照，所以排除C。2. 过去完成时（1）表示到过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或状态，简单概括来说就是“过去的过去”。基本结构：S（主语）+had+动词的过去分词时间状语：by last wee

32、k， by the end of last year可以用by， before等构成的短语，也可用when， before， after， until 等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。 e.g. 当我们到达电影院的时候，电影早已经开始了。 When we got to the cinema， the film had already begun. 直到2000年为止我们市已经有25所公园了。There had been 25 parks in our city till 2000.（2）动词hope， expect， think， intend， mean， want， suppose， pl

33、an用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。 e.g. 我本以为我能做这项工作。 I had hoped that I could do the job. 我本打算去看你，但是我太忙了。 I had planned to see you, but I was so busy.（3）Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely haddonewhen； No sooner had done than在这几个句型中，when和than 从句里用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，且用倒装，表示“刚刚就”。 e.g. 我刚到家，大雨就倾盆而下。 Hardly （No sooner） had I got home when （than） the rain poured down.（4）It was/ had been + 一段时间+ since从句。从句要用过去完成时。 e.g. 我们10年没那么高兴过了。 It was ten years since we had such a wonderful time.真题演练1（201