广州版8年级英语上册U5语法现在完成时态

1、初二英语八上U5专题学案现在完成时态Warm-up: ReadingI have learnt a bit of t' ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We' ve already learnt a lot about Chinhistory. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We vealso tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven ' t had much success yet, but I

2、 ' ll keep trying. ”考1.掌握现在完成时态的用法纲2.掌握时态的辨别要求3.掌握常考动词过去分词的不规则变化命题规律一、重难点1）现在完成时态的概念2）重点：现在完成时态的结构与定义3）现在完成时态中常见时间状语4）难点：时态的辨别;already, yet, ever, neve的区分二、精讲点拨1 .现在完成时定义和结构基本结构定义（适用情况）例句常用提示词汇或时间状语have/has +P.P（动词过去分1.表小过去发生或完成的动作对现在的影响A. She has already finished her work.B. My sister and I hav

3、e just seen Avatar.（可凡达）.already, yet, never, ever, just, for, since, these词）2.表示动作从过 去已经开始，一直 持续到现在。A. We have been here for six years.B. Janet has worked for this factory since 1996.days, so far, up to now, in the past 2 years等PS: 1）当主语是第三人称单数时用 has,其余人称用have.2）过去分词：规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同，不规则动词需要特殊记忆

4、【Ex1】1.参照列子写出下列动词的四种形式e.g. come- came- come- comes- coming1. rain -2. try -3. destroy -4. fly -5. begin -6. carry -7. shop -8. drop -2 .选用have或has填空。1. Ivisited the museum.2. you ever been to Beijing?3. My mother made a lot of apple juice.4. he watched the film?5. Mrs Brownbought some read and milk.

5、2.句式肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式句式结构例句白JE陈述句主语+have/has+p.p1 .They have visited Guangzhou.2 .He has visited Guangzhou.否定陈述句主语+haven' t/hasn ' pt+p.1 .They haven ' t visited Guangzhou2 .He hasn ' t visited Guangzhou.一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+p.p1. Have they visited Guangzhou?2. Has he visited Guangzhou?第页第16

6、页回答Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+haven' t/hasn ' t.1 .Yes, they have. No, they haven2 .Yes, he has. No, he hasn' t.特殊疑问句疑问词 +have/has+t 语+p.p?1 .Where have they visited?2 .Where has he visited?t.PS:缩略形式:I have = Iveyou have = you ' vewe have 二=we vethey have =they ' vehe has = he ' s

7、She has =she ' sit has = it 'shave not = haven ' thas not =:hasn ' t【Ex2按要求改写下列句子1. Peter has told me the news.改为否定句）2. Edwin and Alex have watched the football game.改为一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答 ）3. Timmy hasn ' t come here yet为肯定旬）3.用法注意1）表示动作已完成、结束，但对现在有影响。We have finished the work.我们已经完成了

8、工作。He has returned from abroad.他已从国外回来。2）表示发生在过去某一时刻并持续到现在的情况，常与“forx段时间"，since+过去某个时间点等时间状语连用。Mary has been 川 for three days.玛丽病了 三天了。I have lived here since 1998.从1998年起我就一直住在这里。3）表示 巴经”等意思，常与already, yet, just, before等时间状语连用。He has already got two film tickets.他已经弄到两张电影票了。We have seen that f

9、ilm before.我们以前看过这部电影。4）表示 曾经”、“（做过多少）次”，与ever, never, twice等表示频率的时间状语连用。Have you ever been to Zhongshan?（尔去过中 山 吗?I have never seen such s tall building.我从未见过那么高的建筑物。5）与包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如now, these days/ weeks/ months, scfr It has been very cold these days 这些天天气彳艮冷。4. already, yet, ever, never副词alre

10、ady （已经），yet （仍未，已经），ever （曾经），never （从不）常用于现在完成时旬中。1） already （已经），一般用于肯定句，位于句中或句末；可放在助动词与过去分词之间，也可放在旬末。2） yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句，位于旬末。在疑问句中意为已经”，否定句的意为 仍未3） ever表示 曾经”。用于陈述句或疑问句。4） never表示永不，从不”，是一个否定词。用于陈述句，翻译疑问句（后半部分用肯定）【Ex3】 单项选择1) The boy over there has finished his homework.A. yetB. everC. never D.

11、already2) We have seen the film U邮屋环游记)，have we?t got everything readyA. alreadyB. neverC. everD. yet3) The boss will arrive in an hour, but the clerks havenA. everB. alreadyC. yetD. never4) Have you been to Berlin? No, not.A. never; already B. yet; never C. already; ever D. ever; yet5) It ' s t

12、welve o ' clock at night, but he is working.A. stillB. everC. alreadyD. yet【中考聚焦】has been to & have been tM别1. I.have/has been to去过某地（现在已回来）例如：I have been to Haiwaii.2. 2.have/has gone to去了某地（还没回来）例如： She has gone to Hawaii.除了上述两个短语，我们还常见到“has been in+地点+ for + 一段时间”的句式，意为 待在某地多长时间了 ”，请看例句：T

13、his lady has been in Germany for seven years.【Ex4根据中文上下文，选用 has been to, has gone to£ has been in填空。 Mrs Webb Guangzhou for more than two weeks.一Where is Doris?She the Carrefour(乐福).一How many times you OkinawOfH 电)?a) a)Three times.巩固练习用所给动词的适当形式填空(一挑横线不限一个单词)1. He(buy) some milk yesterday.2. H

14、e already (buy) some milk.3. She often(make) cakes for her husband.4. She(make) cakes for her husband already.5. Ijust(write) a letter to my mom.6. you ever(visit) the White House?7. Tony(find) his pen yet?8. Theynever(be) to Shanghai.9. Lucy (live) in Paris for five years.10. W (learn) English sinc

15、e two years ago.单项选择1 . Tomup into the tree. Look, hehigh up there!A. has got, is B. has climbed, is C. got, was D. climbed, is2 .- you the book yet?-Yes, I it last week.A. Have, read, readB. Did, read, readC. Have, read, have readD. Did, read, have read3. My brother Beijing since two years ago.A. h

16、as gone toB. has been toC. has been in D. was in4. We have learnt 6 unitsthe beginning of this term.A. atB. inC. sinceD. for5. Ben for two hours.A. leftB. has leftC. has gone D. has been away翻译下列句子1 .这本书我已经买了两个星期。I this book two weeks ago.第页奘16页2 .-你在这里住了多久了?-10 年了。-youhere?-10 years.3 .他去过那些城市？Whic

17、h cities4 .她去了上海，还没回到广州。SheShanghai andback to Guangzhou.中考链接1. - Alan , it ' s late. Why not toebed?-Jenny hasn ' t come back yet. I for her. （2011）A. waitedB. have waitedC. am waiting D. was waiting2. - Do you know her well?Sure. We friends since ten years ago. （2011东）A. wereB. have madeC.

18、 have been D. have become3. The Green will visit Hainan as soon as they to China .（2010 广东）A. comesB. comeC. cameD. will come第页共16页4. - Have you ever Australia? （2010 深圳）-Yes, I have. It ' s really interesting k ngahoos.A. been to; to play B. gone to; played C. been to; play D. gone to; playing5

19、. - Shush, be quiet! The baby in the next room.-Ok. Sorry. （2009 广东）A. sleepB. sleptC. sleepsD. is sleeping6. Hi, Mr. Smith. I didn ' t know you were in New York. How long here. （2008州）A. have you come B. were youC. have you been D. will you come课后拓展1 .We' re going to take part in educationa

20、l exchange this term.A. aB. an C. the D./2 . Lily the Summer Palace three times so far.A. visitsB. visited C. has visitedD. have visited3 . They hope to see very soon.A. another B. one another C. other D. one other4 .-have you met in Shanghai?-I ' ve met my old friend Tom.A. Who B. When C. WhatD

21、. Where5.1 Have you ever made friends with someone from another country?-No, I.A.has B.hasn ' t C. have D. haven ' t6. We for the same junior high school last year.A. applying B. apply C. applied D. have applied7.1 f you take part in our educational exchange, you to another country.A. travel

22、 B. will travel C. travelled D. travelling8. She hasn ' t found her dog, but she ' s still trying.A. already B. yetC. ever D. never9. If westudy hard, wepass the final test.A. don ' t, will B. aren ' t, won 'Ct don ' t, won ' t D. won ' t, won ' t10. Will you come

23、 to the party?-Sorry,.A. I'm not afraid I canB. I ' m afraid soC. I think soD. I'm afraid, I can' t二、语法选择We have known that people in different countries an places 1 different kinds of things _2a very long time ago. Foods 3 be cooked and eaten in different ways. People in different c

24、ountries eat at different 4 of the day, too. In some places people eat once or twice a day, in 5 countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists 6 that none of the difference is really important. It_7 matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, cannedf 装）or frozen（冷冻的）.It doesn ' t

25、matter 8 a person eats dinner at 4 o ' clock in the afternoon or at eleven o 9 night. Theliroportantthing _10 what we eat every day.1.A.eatB. ateC. will eatD. are eating2.A.forB. afterC. sinceD. at3.A.willB. canC. couldD. would4.A.timeB. timesC. a timeD. time ' s5.A.otherB. the othersC. anot

26、herD. any6.A. saidB. saysC. sayD. are saying7.A. isn ' tB. wasn ' tC. don ' tD.doesn '8.A. orB. thatC. ifD. why9.A. onB. atC. ofD. from10.A. doB. doesC. areD. is三、完形填空Of all the things we eat and drink, water is _1_. Not many people understand this2 itis quite true. The human body ca

27、n go 3 food for a long time, but two 4 three days without water usually makes people_5 .Many people do not 6_how much water the human body needs 7 well and many peopledo not drink enough, especially（尤其）in hot weather. Most people drink when they are 8 , but in fact people often need more water, espe

28、cially when they take exercise.A man' s body is about 70 percent water. If wto not have 9 water, we will feel 10 and become川.1. A. the most uselessB. the least necessaryC. the most importantD. the least important2. A. but3. A. withB. andB. withoutC. soC. onD. orD. by4. A. andB. soC. butD. or5. A

29、. deadB. sadC. angryD. frightened6. A. seeB. understandC. feelD. think7. A. to passB. to workC. to travelD. to form8. A. sickB.enoughC. hotD. thirsty9. A. someB. a littleC. enoughD. clean10. A. fineB. tiredC. happyD. well四、阅读理解（共15小题，满分观分）AIn Britain the weather never gets too hot or too cold. There

30、 is not a great difference between summer and winter. Why is this?Britain has a warm winter and a cool summer because it is an island 岛）country. In winter the sea is warmer than the land. The winds from the sea bring warm air to Britain. In summer the sea is cooler than the land. The winds from the

31、sea bring cool air to Britain.The winds from the west blow over Britain all the year. They blow from the southwest across the Atlantic Ocean. They are wet winds. They bring rain to Britain all the year. Britain has a lot of rain all the year. The west of Britain is wetter than the east. The winds mu

32、st blow across the high land in the west. The east of Britain is drier than the west.1. What ' s the weather like in Britain?.A It ' s either toohot or toocoldBIt ' s bothtoo hot and too coldC It ' s neither toohotnor too coldDWe don' tknow2. When do the winds bring cool air to B

33、ritain ?A In springBIn summerC In autumnDIn winter3. Why is the weather in summer and in winter almost the same?A There is no difference between summer and winter in Britain.B There is sea around this countryC There are winds from the high land.D There is much rain in the Atlantic Ocean4. Which of t

34、he following is right?A There is more rain in the east than in the westB There is as much rain in the west as in the eastC There is less rain in the east than in the westD There isn ' t so much rain in the west as in the east5. The passage tells usA the seasons in BritainB the rain in BritainC t

35、he weather in BritainD the winds in Britain.BOnce when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family between the ticket office and us. This family made a big impression on me.“Pl(There were eight children, all probably under

36、 the age o12. You could tell they didn ' t have a lot of money. Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children talked excitedly about the clowns. It was clearly a very important day out for them. The father and mother seemed happy as they could be.The tickets lady asked how

37、many tickets the father wanted, he proudly answered,eight children ' s tickets and two adultstickets, so I can take my family to the circus.The ticket lady told him the price.'s face. He quThe man' s wife lowered her head. There was no longer a smile on the man How much did you say? ”The

38、 ticket lady again told him the price.The man obviously didn t have enough money. But how could he tell his kids the bad news?Seeing what was happening, my dad took a $20 note from his pocket and dropped in on the ground.(We were not rich ourselves at all!) He then tapped the man on the shoulder and

39、 said,“you dropped this. ”The man understood my father was helping him. He picked up the money, looked straight into mydad s eyes, and in tears replied.“ Thank you. This really means a lot to me and my family.Although we did not go to the circus that night, we didn t go without.6. Why does the write

40、r say “ Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean” ( PaA. To show the children were well looked after.B. To show cheap clothes could be popular.C. To show how hard the mother worked.D. To show how rich the family were.7. Why was the poor man unhappy after he spoke with the ticket lady?A.

41、 He had lost his money. B. His children were noisy.C. The tickets were sold out.D. The tickets were too expensive.8. Who did the $20 note belong to?A. The poor man . B. The writer s father.C. The poor man s wife. D. The ticket lady.9. Why was the poor man in tears at the end of the story?A. He found

42、 the money he lost.B. He wanted others to help him.C. He made his children unhappy.D. He was thankful for the kindness.10. Which of the following statements is probably true according to the passage?A. The poor mans saw the circus that night.B. The two families became close friends.C. The writer s f

43、ather earned some money.D. The writer saw the circs that night.(A)For sale: Chinese-made bicycle. Good condition.(状况) Zhangying306, Room 4(B) Needed 25-year-old woman: 900 Yuan a month, speak good English. Lan Fleming 422389506(C) Roommate wanted: Male-English native speaker wanted to share a 2-bedr

44、oom apartment; near school; washer, dryer, kitchenCall: Li, 228-940605 any evening after 5.(D) lost black briefcase 侬文包)with 4 books on physicsCall: john smith 843-316065(E) wanted to rent (租用):one-bedroom apartment from Feb. 1 through June, better near schoolCall Robert Waller 843-429065(F) Found b

45、rown briefcase with some money See: Joseph Hofman in chemistry dept.(化学系)11. You can call Zhang Ying if you want to.A. buy a bike B. sell a bike C. have your bike repaired D. borrow a bike12. If a girl wants to find a job, and she can speak English, she can.A. telephone 843-429065 B. call 228-940605

46、C. call Hofiman D. call Lan Fleming13. One of the reasons why Li wants someone to share his room is that.A. he wants to live near the schoolB. he wants to improve his EnglishC. he wants his washer, dryer and kitchen to be usedD. he wants someone to use his kitchenE. he wants someone to use his kitch

47、en14. Robert Waller wishes to rent a room.A. near the school B. far away from the schoolC. inside the school D. outside the school15. Joseph Hofman.A. found john smith riefcaseB. was a teacherC. found a briefcase with many booksD. found a brown briefcase with some moneyDThis is not a diet. It's

48、a simple way to lose weight And you don' t even have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits that thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.( 1 ) Wake - upWhen you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out

49、, bend( 弯曲 ) forward until you feel sore in your back. It will burn about 10 calories (热量单位，卡路里).(2) Start with soupWhen you have a meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main fooD. In this way, you'll feel fuller, so you'll eat less when the main food comes.(3) An apple (or

50、 more) a dayApples are full of fiber and water, so your stomach will want less. The study shows that people who eat at least three, apples a day lose weight.(4) Stand up and walk aroundEvery time you use the mobile phone, stand up and walk arounD. Heavy people sit on average 均 ) two and a half hours

51、 more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn 50 or more calories.Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.16. What should we have first if we want to eat less main food?A. Soup B. Ice creamC. Salad D. Cheese17. What s the mean

52、ing of the underlined word“ fiber ”?A. 果汁 B. 纤维C. 能量 D. 种子18. Which of the following may the author disagree?A. Sitting up slowly without using your hands helps burn calories.B. Eating apples every day is good for people's healthC. You have to join a gym if you want to lose weightD. It' s go

53、od to walk around while talking on the mobile phone 19. What's the purpose of the passage?A. To give some advice on how to lose weightB. To advise people to eat apples every dayC. To tell people how to enjoy a better lifeD. To advise people to give up bad habits20. In which part of a newspaper w

54、ould you most probably read the passage?A. ShoppingB. Teaching C. FamilyD. Health.五.单词拼写1. I keep in t with my friends by email.2. Young people should r the old and help them.3. When I was on the educational exchange in Germany last year, I had a good time living with my hfamily.4. He started playing for the l club when he was ten years o