雪崩管选择和使用注意事项

1、雪崩整流二极管的选择与使用一、雪崩整流二极管额定正向平均电流I的选择-、I )是交流发电机额定输出电流10的0.4一般来讲雪崩整流二极管额定正向平均电流Irav、F(AV)至0.5倍，即：%=(0.4 爵叫(1)这样选择的先决条件是雪崩整流二极管的外壳温度TC低于170C。图1、交流发电机应用电原理图图2、交流发电机三相整流电压、电流波形图二、雪崩击穿电压V的选择交流发电机所用雪加二极管的雪崩击穿电压选择要根据其作用耒选择，它的主要目的 是当产生故障时，在抛负载时雪崩管要能吸收故障电压，保护调节器不受损伤、在调节器 失控时雪崩管要击穿使交流发电机不发电，起到保险丝作用，保护车内ECU不受损伤，

2、 把恶性事故化成一般故障。汽车上ECU本身它在输入端接了一个MR2535L雪崩二极管，它选用的击穿电压是 2732V（对14V系统讲），所以它要求发电机所用的雪崩二极管的雪崩击穿电压小于27V， 原配套的发电机所选用的雪崩击穿电压为2024V，这一点希望大家注意。三、反向重复峰值浪涌电流IRSM的选择从图1、图2中我们可以看到在任一时刻三相整流桥中只有一对桥臂中有电流，即只 有两根相线中有电流通过，通过的电流波形是带馒头形的近似矩形波电流。为了估算方便 我们把它看成一个矩形波电流，峰值电流为发电机输出电流I0。如果我们假设每相线圈的 电感为L、直流电阻为零，此时发电机绕组具有能量为2I0L2，

3、绕组具有的能量与抛负载后 产生的峰值电压与抛负载时的电流成正比、与发电机绕组电感的平方成正比。L值的大小 决定抛负载后雪崩击穿的持续时间。表示正向导通表示反向雪崩击穿XXXX图3、抛负载后能量泄放示意图我们为了估算方便，假设抛负载前后发电机的输出功率不变，抛负载前发电机输出电 压为V、电流为I，则输出功率为V XI。 、，/、。R00R0 0从图3我们可以看到：抛负载后D1与D4处于正向导通状态，D2与D3处于反向雪 崩击穿状态。如果我们假设D1、D2、D3与D4具有相同的正向峰值压降VF、反向雪崩击穿电压VB，则流过D2、D3的反向雪崩击穿电流相同为SM。我们就可以得到下面一组等式：Vr=V

4、f+VbVRX（i1+i2）=VR0XI02XIrsmXVr=Vr0XI0Irsm=（Vr0XI0）/（2XVr）Irsm=（I0/2）X（Vr0/Vr）我们把不同的VR0与VR数据代入（2）式可以得到下面的一个关系式：IRSM=（0.25 0.32）10（3）对於规范设汁的交流发电机在抛负载时雪崩整流二极管反向雪崩击穿的持续时间约在75ms左右，因此雪崩整流二极管反向重复峰值浪涌电流IRSM选择为发电机额定电流（抛负载前电流）的0.4倍是合适的。四、雪崩整流桥对雪崩整流二极管雪崩电压离散性的要求从图3中我们可以看到当发生抛负载时有如下的关系式：Vfd1+VbD3=Vfd2+Vbd4（4）在组

5、装整流挤时，我们为了降低二极管的正向发热功率和三相绕组的不平衡性把整流 二极管的正向压降和它的离散性控制在很小的范围内，例如离散性控制0.05V以内。因此 在这里为了便於把问题讲清楚，我们把vfD1与vFD2看成是相等的。即Vfdi=Vfd2（5）对於某一个雪崩整流二极管它有一个V（br）值，它的测试条件是TOOmA。当它通过 不同数值的反向雪崩浪涌电流IR1IR2IR3100mA时就得到一组VR值：VR1VR2VR3V（BR）下面我们来看几组实际测试数据：E35A21VRS /R(KEC)样品测试报告规格编号VFMIfm=100A(V)V(BR)IFM=100mA(V)IrrmiVrrm=1

6、6V(M A)Vf tw=100ms Im=100A (mV)IRSMtw=80ms(矩形波)(V)备注30A35A40A正 向 R S10.98220.60W 1.03225.426.026.420.99620.87W 1.03425.826.427.030.98420.08W 1.03225.025.426.240.99720.30W 1.03224.825.425.850.99421.67W 1.03326.627.477ms 坏反向R R10.99321.08W 1.03025.826.426.820.97921.13W 1.03025.826.226.830.99621.25W 1.

7、02925.826.427.040.99520.68W 1.02925.425.826.450.98020.78W 1.03025.626.226.6E50A21VRS /R(KEC)样品测试报告规格编号VFMTr=100Afm(V)V(BR)IFM=100mA(V)IrrmiVrrm=16V (M A)VfIMi=100mAIm2=100A (mV)IRSM tw=80ms(V)备注40A50A正 向 R S10.96719.99W 1.03520.96520.24W 1.03425.826.630.96219.71W 1.03325.078ms 坏40.98619.80W 1.04175m

8、s 坏50.95819.40W 1.03324.649ms 坏60.96019.82W 1.03525.455ms 坏反 向 R R10.96723.30W 1.02829.844ms 坏20.94820.97W 1.03126.627.630.96122.10W 1.03028.577ms 坏40.95821.06W 1.02926.427.450.95923.12W 1.03129.645ms 坏MOTOROLA XRA0311/0312 (40A )测试报告极性&编号VB)100 mA(V)正向、瞬态热阻测试100mA100A100mA反向可重复浪y甬电流IRH测试测 试 后 态持续时间

9、（方波）80 ms持续时间（方波）10 msVf1(mV)Vf2(mV)avf (mV)VFm(V)40AVbr(V)50AVbrM标准90AVbr(V)110AVbrM标准正向XRA 0 311P-0126.0699682171.01231.432.432.233.6OKP-0225.0698680181.00430.431.631.432.6OKP-0324.4700682181.00230.031.231.232.4OKP-0424.8700682181.00630.231.231.432.4OKP-0524.2700682181.02329.630.830.831.8OKP-0624.

10、8701683181.02130.431.431.432.6OKP-0724.4699681181.00829.830.830.631.8OKP-0824.4700683171.00630.231.231.032.2OKP-0924.2700682181.02829.830.830.831.8OKP-1025.4700683171.02330.831.831.833.0OKP-1124.8700682181.02830.631.631.632.6OKP-1225.2701683181.01631.032.032.033.2OKP-1324.6701684171.00930.031.031.03

11、2.0OKP-1424.6700683171.00430.031.231.032.2OKP-1524.2699682171.00330.431.629.831.0OKP-1625.0702684181.01429.030.031.632.8OKP-1724.8700683171.00231.032.031.432.6OKP-1825.6701684171.01230.831.831.833.0OKP-1924.8700683171.01130.431.431.632.6OKP-2024.4700683171.01030.031.031.032.0OK反向XRA 0 312N-0124.2706

12、688181.01529.430.430.631.6OKN-0225.0702685171.02130.231.231.432.6OKN-0324.4703685181.02130.031.031.232.4OKN-0424.8701683181.01730.231.231.232.4OKN-0525.4701682191.00430.831.831.833.0OKN-0625.0700683171.00230.431.631.632.8OKN-0725.0700683171.02130.231.431.432.6OKN-0825.4701683180.99931.032.032.033.2O

13、KN-0924.6698680181.00829.830.830.831.8OKN-1024.8701684171.02030.431.431.832.8OKN-1124.8701684171.00130.031.231.232.2OKN-1225.4700683171.00231.232.232.233.4OKN-1325.4701683181.01830.831.831.833.0OKN-1425.4701683181.02030.831.831.833.0OKN-1524.8701682190.99230.231.431.232.2OKN-1625.0700683170.99530.43

14、1.431.432.6OKN-1725.4700684161.00031.032.032.233.4OKN-1824.4701684171.02029.830.830.832.0OKN-1925.2701684171.01030.631.631.832.8OKN-2024.8701683181.01930.031.231.232.4OK测试报告2-1Apr-04-2006制造单位：昆山市晨伊半导体厂试品名称：雪崩管 型号：DB50-19数量：60只极性：正、负各 环境温度=28.1 r 主要设测试备：YH-3201A 编号：13218AA YH-5001A 编号：13218F3 Time:15

15、to18极性 与 编号100A100msDC18VI rrm1 (nA)100mA 3003 VBR (V)80A 80gs VBR (V)Peak Repetitive Surge Current10 ms(Time Constant ) 80 msVMFmVVFmV110AV BR40AVBR.V45AV BR50AV BR55AV br60AV br65AV brA 01961243321.323.227.025.626.026.526.827.477msA 02965245421.323.226.825.525.926.426.827.227.6A 03964235621.623.52

16、7.225.926.326.827.227.628.0A 04968255821.523.427.326.026.426.927.327.676msA 05959244321.523.426.925.726.126.627.027.427.8A 06958243621.723.727.626.226.727.227.527.973msA 07964244621.623.827.826.326.827.327.728.167msA 08970245521.823.827.626.326.727.327.628.176msA 09960255121.223.026.925.526.026.526.

17、827.270msA 10966255021.924.027.926.526.927.527.828.2V 78msA 11964254721.823.527.126.026.426.927.327.728.0A 1296824615*21.623.627.426.026.427.027.327.7V 77msA023.827.726.326.827.327.828.178msA523.427.325.926.326.827.227.627.9A023.828.126.627.027.527.928.278msA 1

18、6963245921.823.427.626.226.727.227.527.928.3A523.727.426.226.627.127.527.8 V 78msA924.027.926.527.027.527.928.373 msA 19964244621.924.128.026.627.127.628.028.467 msA 20961233721.623.627.326.026.426.927.327.774 msA 21961232921.423.427.225.826.326.827.126.3V 38msA 22960243721

19、.823.727.626.226.727.227.628.073msA 23956253021.623.727.626.326.827.327.628.067msA 24960243121.723.427.426.026.527.027.327.776msA 25962243421.923.827.626.426.827.327.728.174msA 26962253822.024.028.126.727.227.728.028.577msA 27962255221.723.527.326.026.426.927.327.728.1A 28963235821.423.427.125.726.2

20、26.727.027.474msA 29958253421.623.327.225.826.326.827.127.572msA 30961255121.423.427.225.826.326.827.127.576ms测试报告2-2Apr-04-2006制造单位：昆山市晨伊半导体厂 试品名称：雪崩管 型号：DB50-19数量：60只 极性：正、负各环境温度=28.1 r 主要测试设备：YH-3201A 编号：13218AA YH-5001A 编号：13218F3 Time:15to18极性 与 编号100A100msDC18VI rrm1 (nA)100mA 300ps VBR (V)80A

21、 80gs VBR (V)Peak Repetitive Surge Current10 ms(Time Constant )80 msVf mVVfmV110AV BR40AVBRV45AV BR50AV BR55AV BR60AV BR65AV BRK 01970244021.823.627.726.126.627.027.427.828.1K 02972244421.423.226.825.425.926.326.727.127.4K 03963244221.623.627.626.026.526.927.327.778msK 04964234121.723.827.526.126.62

22、7.027.427.828.8K 05958242921.823.828.026.326.927.327.728.076msK 06959243921.623.527.425.926.426.827.227.628.0K 07964255821.723.427.425.926.426.827.127.527.9K 08967245321.423.327.025.626.126.526.927.327.6K 09954253221.423.527.526.026.526.927.327.768msK 10965256321.223.326.925.626.026.426.827.268msK 1

23、1966244021.923.827.726.326.827.227.628.028.3K 12962263921.823.828.226.527.027.427.828.267msK623.427.125.726.326.627.027.427.8K623.627.526.126.627.027.327.877msK523.627.425.926.526.927.327.678msK 16963233421.723.527.225.826.326.727.127.427.8K723.627.325.926.526.927.227.628.0K423.127.125.626.126.526.827.227.5K 19962244921.823.627.626.026.627.027.327.728.1K 20961235821.523.427.325.826.326.727.027.427.8K 21966235221.823.927.726.326.827.227.628.028.3K 22974243721.823.727.626.126.727.027.427.828.2K 23960242521.723.627.826.