高三英语名师特殊句式

1、专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读返回目录反面解读 高考链接 12012江西卷 Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. Ahad she Bshe had Chas she Dshe has 解析 C本题考查倒装。never等否定词放在句首 时，句子要部分倒装，又由从句中的can可知此处应该 用现在时，故选C项。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读22012北京卷 _ at the door before you enter my room, please. AKnock BKnocking C

2、Knocked DTo knock 解析 A本题考查祈使句。根据句子最后的please可 知，这个句子是祈使句，句首应该用动词原形。句意：进我房间前请敲门。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读32012湖南卷 It was not until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. Awho Bthat Cwhere Dbefore 解析 B考查强调句型。句意：直到我到这里我才意 识到此地不仅因其美丽，更因其天气而闻名。判断一 个句子是否为强调

3、句，只要看去掉“It is/wasthat” 结构后句子是否依然成立。故选B。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读42012重庆卷 Before you quit your job, _ how your family would feel about your decision. Aconsider Bconsidering Cto consider Dconsidered 解析 A本题考查特殊句型。虽然干扰项多为非谓语 动词，但本句是祈使句，故应用动词原形。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读52012课标全国卷 The party will be held in the ga

4、rden, weather _ Apermitting Bto permit Cpermitted Dpermit 解析 A考查独立主格结构。此处主句的主语The party 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作 permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。另外， weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。 句意：如果天气允许，聚会将在花园举行。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读 考点归纳 考点一倒装句 倒装有两种形式：一是句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前，进行完全倒装；二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语的前面，进行部分倒装。返回目录专题13 正反

5、解读特殊句式正面解读1完全倒装的使用规则 构成：将谓语动词直接提到主语前。 规则1：地点副词或方位副词here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。如： Out rushed the children. Away he went.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装。如：South of the river lies a small factory. From the valley came

6、 a frightening sound.规则3：such, then, now, thus, the following 位于句首，谓语动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be时用完全倒装。如：Such are the facts.The following is the answer to the question. Now comes your turn.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist/stand/live/seem 等动词替代。如：There stands an an

7、cient tower on the top of the mountain.规则5：有时为了突出或强调，可用“表语系动词主语”的完全倒装结构。如：Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. Seated on the ground are a group of young men.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则6：在 “sothat”和“suchthat”结构中，将“soadj./adv.”和“suchn.”提到句首时主句部分用完全倒装。如：So terrible was the storm that

8、the whole roofs were blown off.Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读2部分倒装的使用规则 构成：将情态动词、助动词、be动词提到主语前。 规则1：含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时。 如：few, little, never, not, no, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonert

9、han， not onlybut (also), at no time, by no means等。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读如：He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors.Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(注意谓语动词的形式)Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(将

10、until后面的全部内容提前)返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则2：so/as/neither/nor 为标志词放在句首。如：(1)表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物。so/asbe/助动词/情态动词主语。如：Ive got an enormous amount of work to do.So have I.(2)表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物。neither/norbe/助动词/情态动词主语。如：If she doesnt agree to the plan, neither will Tom.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读(3)当前面既有肯定又有否

11、定或两个谓语时用so it is/was with sb.， 也可以用so it is / was the same with sb.。 如：He is a student and he doesnt go to school by bus.So it is with her.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则3：only修饰状语(从句)，并置于句首时，后面部分要部分倒装。如：Only if he has time will he come here.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.规则4：

12、在虚拟条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if省略，而把were, had, should 移到句首，即Had/Were/Should主语谓语其他部分主句。如：Were he(If he were )here now, I could ask him.Should he(If he should)come, tell him to ring me up.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则5：as或though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装。句型是：表语/状语/动词原形as/though主语其他。如：Boy as he is, he knows a lot

13、.(名词前不用冠词)Much as I like it, I will not buy it.Try as he might，he could not find a job.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读考点二省略句 在英语中，有时为了避免结构上或内容上的重复，并使上下文紧密连接，有时因为语法的客观要求，句子中的一个或几个成分不需要表达出来，这种现象称为省略。英语中的省略要求不破坏语法结构，要保持句子意义的准确无误。省略有词法上的省略，也有句法上的省略，还有一种替代省略。省略部分的成分和含义可从上下文或具体语言环境中找到而且是有章可循的，英语的省略大致有以下几种情况：返回目录专题1

14、3 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则1：在某些特定的环境中，由于语言所指清楚，为了避免重复，常将谓语动词省略，留下主语和其他成分；如果谓语部分全部省略，而只留下主语时，主语用宾格形式。如：Jack would go to the Expo next week.Me, too.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则2：动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式后的内容，但要保留不定式符号to

15、。如：Did you get a ticket?No, I meant to (get one), but there werent any left.温馨提示 如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have或have been。Are you a sailor?No，but I used to be.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则3：动词不定式与 be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等构成复合谓语时，不定式结构常可省略，但要保留to。如：I dont want to wait for

16、 him, but I have to.规则4: Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答语，后面so与not分别表示肯定和否定，宾语从句可省略。如：Do you think it will rain?I hope not.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则5：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it且从句中有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。如：When (she was) asked, she made no answer.As (he was) a young man, he studied l

17、aw and became a lawyer.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读考点三反意疑问句 规则1：当must作“必须”讲时，其反意疑问部分用neednt；当含有mustnt(不允许、禁止)时，其反意疑问部分用must；当must表示推测，作“一定，准是”讲时，反意疑问部分的动词形式根据must后面的动词形式确定。如：You must go now, neednt you?你现在必须走，是不是？You mustnt smoke here, must you?你不能在这里吸烟，是吧？You must have watched that football match last nig

18、ht, didnt you? 你昨晚一定是看足球比赛了， 是吧？返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则2：陈述部分含有used to时，疑问部分用usednt或didnt均可。如：You used to play football, usednt/didnt you?你过去常常踢足球，是吗？规则3：陈述部分含有ought to时，其反意疑问部分用oughtnt或shouldnt均可。如：He ought to attend the meeting, oughtnt/shouldnt he?他应该参加会议，是不是？返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则4：当陈述部分带有seldo

19、m, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定词或半否定词时，疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：He could hardly get up, could he? 他几乎起不来了，是不是？规则5：陈述部分含有表示“否定”意义的前缀或后缀构成的词，疑问部分一般用否定式。如：Mary dislikes sports, doesnt she?玛丽不喜欢体育运动，不是吗？返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则6：当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。但当主句是：I think，I believe, I

20、 suppose, I expect, I imagine等结构时，疑问部分的主语和谓语动词均应和宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。如：He said that he would come here on time, didnt he?I dont think he will come here on time, will he?返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则7：祈使句后加附加问句，不表示反意，而表示一种语气。其结构为：(1)否定祈使句，will you? 如： Dont open the door, will you?(2)肯定祈使句，will/wont you? 如： Open

21、 the door, will/wont you?(3)Lets，shall we? 如： Lets go out for a walk, shall we?(4)Let us，will you？如： Let us go out to play football, will you?返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读考点四强调句 强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调的部分that/who其他”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。规则1：要用that引导从句，而不能用which，而且不能省略。被强调的是人时，引导词可用who，也可用that。如：It was at the r

22、ailway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.昨天我是在火车站见到李明的。Was it you that/who let out the secret to her?是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读温馨提示 当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。It was I who put forward the theory first.是我最先提出这个理论的。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则2：强调主语时，要注意引导词与其谓语的一致性。如：It is our teacher who/that helps us

23、 make great progress.正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。规则3：对notuntil时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is/was not untilthat其他。如：It was not until twelve oclock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则4：强调句的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat/who其他。如：When was it that he made up his mind to take this course？他是什么时

24、候决定选修这门课程的？Why is it that he doesnt like the book?他为什么不喜欢这本书？返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读规则5：强调句型与It is/was时间when从句不能混淆。如：It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.(强调句型)昨天晚上我半夜才回到家。It was midnight when I got here yesterday.(时间状语从句)昨天当我到达这儿时，已是半夜了。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式正面解读1【误】 Did he begin to learn Eng

25、lish only when he was 30 years old. 【正】 He began to learn English only when he was 30 years old./Only when he was 30 years old did he begin to learn English. 解析 当only和所修饰的状语位于句首时引起部分 倒装，如果不在句首时，则不倒装。此外，当only 用于修饰主语时，也不倒装。如：Only the grownups are allowed to see the film.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读2【误】 Not o

26、nly can he repair bikes but can he repair televisions. 【正】 Not only can he repair bikes but he can repair televisions. 解析 not onlybut (also)的部分倒装，其结构 为：not only倒装语序，but also陈述语序。此 外，当not onlybut also位于句首连接两个并列 的主语时，主谓也不倒装。如：Not only she but also I will get married next year.返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读3【误】

27、 I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. So do I. 【正】 I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. So it is with me. 解析 若前句为两个或两个以上的分句，后句表示 另外一个主语与前句有关的各种情况相同时，往往 用：“so it is/was with主语”或者是“it is/was the same with主语”。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读4【误】 A child as/though he is, he is very brave.

28、 【正】 Child as/though he is, he is very brave. 解析 由as/though引导的表示“虽然，尽管”的让 步状语从句用倒装语序，把从句的表语或状语等放 在as/though的前面，但是如果从句中的表语是名 词，该名词前不加任何冠词。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读5【误】 Are you and Jane getting married? We hope. 【正】 Are you and Jane getting married? We hope to. 解析 动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, expec

29、t, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常常 省略不定式后的内容，但要保留不定式符号to。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读 实战演练 1It was what he meant rather than what he said _ annoyed me. Awhich Bas Cwhat Dthat 解析 D考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，what he meant rather than what he said是被强调部分，故用that。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读2I

30、t was not until she got to the classroom _ Lily realized she had left her textbook in the dormitory. Athat Bwhere Cwhen Dbefore 解析 A考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，被强调部分是not until she got to the classroom，故用that。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读3Was it in 2008, when a terrible earthquake struck Wenchuan, _ the 29th Olympics we

31、re held? A which B where C when D that 解析 D考查强调句型。句意：第29届奥运会是在2008年即汶川地震那年举行的吗？分析句子结构可 知，该句对时间状语“in 2008”进行强调，when a terrible earthquake struck Wenchuan是非限制性定语从句，空白处用that替补原陈述句中被强调成分(in 2008)的空白。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读4I try to understand _ that prevents so many Chinese from being as happy as one migh

32、t expect. Awhy is it Bwhat is it Cwhy it is Dwhat it is 解析 D考查强调句型。本题的强调句嵌套在understand的宾语从句中，宾语从句是特殊疑问句，应用陈述句语气，故排除A、B两项。又因为宾语从句中缺少主语，应用what来引导。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读5Did you hear that Li Hua was robbed during his recent trip to South Africa? Yes, not only _ his money, but he was nearly killed. Ahe l

33、ost Bdid he lose Che had lost Dwas he lost 解析 B考查倒装句型。在not onlybut also引导的句型中，当not only置于句首时，其后的句子应用部分倒装结构，故先排除A、C两项；再根据lose是实义动词，应用助动词，故选B项。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读6Not until the train pulled into the next station _ her suitcase gone. AMary had found Bhad Mary found Cdid Mary find DMary found 解析 C考查部分

34、倒装。否定短语“not until”放在句首时，句子要采用部分倒装，故排除A、D两项；“find her suitcase gone”发生在“the train pulled into the next station”之前，应用过去式，故C项正确。句意：直到火车驶进下一站，玛丽才发现她的手提箱不见了。返回目录专题13 正反解读特殊句式反面解读7_ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. ASo curious the couple were BSuch curious the couple were CSo curious were the couple DSuch curious were the c