上海市市西初级中学2022-2023学年高考压轴卷英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1At the meeting, the headmaster said that the government should prevent such things as hurt children _again.Ahappen

2、ingBhappenCto happen D happened2During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch an unattended bag.Ahad always been warnedBwere always being warnedCare always warningDalways warned3Jane went to her teacher just now. She _ about the solution to the problem.Awondered Bwas wonder

3、ing Chad wondered Dwould wonder4The conference aims to develop business and let people think about _ they can have a positive influence on the planet.Awhy BthatCwhat Dhow5_ what had happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do.AHearingBTo have h

4、eardCHaving heardDHeard6When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses _nobody can recognize himAso thatBnow thatCin caseDas though7For some time the discussion went with no one saying word. Alice finally broke. Silence.Aa; theBthe;aCa; 不填Dthe; 不填8 Can you tell me something about _ science. OK. _ Nobel

5、 Prize in Chemistry is usually awarded to Americans.Athe; TheB/; TheCa; /Dthe; /9Im sure that your letter will get _attention. They know youre waiting for the reply.AcontinuedBimmediateCcarefulDgeneral10A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.Ato leaveBl

6、eftCleavingDleave11Where is my Chinese book? I remember I put it here yesterday.You _ it in the wrong place.Amust putBshould have putCmight have putDmight put12Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?Yes，I did.You know，my brother _ in the match.Ais playing Bwas playingChas played Dhad played13_

7、 of danger in the street at night, the girl doesnt dare to go out without someone _ her.AWarned; accompanied BWarned; accompanyingCWarning; accompanied DWarning; accompanying14The survey shows that speed at least 30 percent of road traffic and deaths.Acontributes toBresults fromClies inDrelies on15E

8、verything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.Athe place whereBwhenCwhereDin which16Whether something is alive or dead is a crucial _ and it is one that children have no difficulty understanding by the age of five.AdeclarationBdistinctionCdivisionDdistribution17 Im afraid t

9、he company will not hire me. Come on, Bill, relax! You have a lot of experience and fine references and your college work is ideal background for them. _ AItll be no sweat. BAll good things come to an end. CWords pay no debts. DDont give me any jaw. 18I prefer a school _teachers have to work as a te

10、am, instead of fighting against each other.AwhereBthatCasDwhen19Humans spend a lot of time and money on their pets and the pets give all they have _for that.Ain return Bin factCin short Din all20I got beaten in the first round in the contest. I am feeling depressed.Cheer up! You have to _ yourself _

11、 to have the last laugh.Aopen; up Bpick; up Cknock; up Ddo; up第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Bottled water is a booming industry in New Zealand, but its terrible for the environment each bottle thrown away adding to the 190,000 tons of plastic New Zealanders throw into landf

12、ills each year.But now one company has created water storage that they hope will prove to be just as convenient as a plastic bottlebut contains no actual plastic.Skipping Rock Labs make Oohos, flexible membranes filled with water that are constructed using a seaweed extractmeaning they, re totally e

13、dible and biodegradable, wrapping and all.There arent any known side effects from digesting the membranes, which are tastelessthough Ooho! says flavors can be added to make them more appetizing.The company took to crowdfunding site CrowdCube with the idea, and it has since gone viral with more than

14、900 investors bagging them A 751,700 to develop and launch the Ooho! balls ( $ 1.35 million).Skipping Rock Labs create the balls by dipping ice into brown algae and calcium chloride, with the membrane taking shape around the iceand while that may sound complicated, the company says it, s more cost-e

15、ffective than producing a plastic bottle.A layer atop the membrane can be peeled off just before drinking, for hygiene purposes. Skipping Rock Labs are hoping their new product takes offand that it starts to put a dent into the plastic packaging industry.1、The product Oohos made by the company Skipp

16、ing Rock Labs has the following good points except that .Ait is non-plasticBit is edibleCit is biodegradableDit is expensive to make2、How does the company make their idea work in practice?ABy working with other companies.BBy advertising their samples.CBy crowdfunding through a website.DBy borrowing

17、money from the bank.3、What does Paragraph 6 mainly tell us about?AWhy the company made their product.BWhere the company made their product.CHow the companys product was made.4、What section of a newspaper will most probably carry this article?AEnvironment.BOpinion.CPolitics.DAgriculture.22（8分）What sh

18、ould you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at off

19、ice work. So it is important to do well at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. Knowledge of history is not requi

20、red for most just but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metal

21、work or cookery (烹饪术) and look for a job where you can improve these skills.If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may

22、 have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle (运用) tools; perhaps

23、you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognise that

24、you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.1、According to the passage, the author encourage us to .Arealise the importance of doing well at school.Btake up part-time jobs as much as possible during the summer vacationCbe good at all subjects.Duse school performance to help to choose a career.2、

25、We can learn from the third paragraph that as a student, having a part-time job .Ais a good way to earn extra money. Bis helpless to find out his weak points.Cis useful for his future work. Dis a must to experience various jobs.3、The word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .Ayour background Byour

26、school recordCyour weak points Dyour part-time job4、If a students school record is not good, he .Amay do well in his future work if he chooses a career according to what he is skilled in.Bwill be a complete failure in his future work sooner or later.Cmust regret not having worked harder at school.Dw

27、ill receive further education after graduation.23（8分）Sitting too much is linked to changes in a section of the brain that is important for memory, according to a recent study by UCLA researchers of middle-aged and older adults.Studies show that too much sitting, like smoking, increases the risk of h

28、eart disease, diabetes and premature death. Researchers at UCLA want to see how sedentary behavior (sitting for long periods of time) influences the health of the brain, especially regions of the brain that are important to memory formation.UCLA researchers gathered 35 people aged 45 to 75 and asked

29、 about their physical activity levels and the average number of hours per day they spent sitting over the previous work. Each person had a high-resolution MRI (热分辨磁共振成像)scan, which provides a detailed look at the medial temporal lobe, or MTL, a bruin region involved in the formation of new memories.

30、The researchers found that sedentary behavior is an important predictor of thinning of the MTL and that physical activity, even at high levels, is mil enough to compensate the harmful effects of silting for long periods.“This study does not prove that too much sitting causes thinner brain structures

31、, but instead that more hours spent sitting are associated with thinner regions,” researchers said. In addition, the researchers focused on the hours spent sitting, but did not ask participants if they took breaks during this time.The researchers next hope to follow a group of people for a longer du

32、ration to determine if sitting cause the tinning and what role gender (性別), race, and weight might play in bruin health related to silting.“MTL thinning can be an indication of cognitive (认知的) decline in middle-aged and older adults. Reducing sedentary behavior may be a possible target for measures

33、designed to improve bruin health in people at risk for Alzheimers disease,” researchers said.1、What is the study done by UCLA mainly intended to find out?AWhat harm sitting too much causes.BWhy silting too much is like smoking.CHow too much sitting affects brain health.DWhether too much sitting caus

34、es early death2、Participants were scanned by a high-resolution MRI to .Aevaluate their memory lossBexamine their MTL conditionsCrecord their physical activity levelsDrecord the length of lime for their sitting3、What do UCLA researchers think of their study?AIt in a great success.BIt is little practi

35、cal value.CIt must target the young.DIt still needs to be improved.4、What can be the best title for the text?ALong Sitting Is Bad for Your BrainBHow to Improve Brain HealthCSitting Causes Many Health ProblemDAn Easy Way to Prevent Memory Loss24（8分）Company Names That Have Secret MeaningsCo-founder La

36、rry Page was at a brainstorming session at Stanford for a new massive data indexing website. Someone suggested “googolplex”one of the largest describable NUMBERS. Page shortened it to “googol.” When he later checked for the availability of the domain name, he made a mistake and typed in “google” ins

37、tead. But he liked the name and registered it for himself and co-founder Sergey Brin.This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named for the French explorer An

38、toine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melvilles f

39、amous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity.The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the wa

40、tches. He settled on Rolex in 1908.367、Which company name has a close relationship with literature?AGoogle.BCadillac.CStarbucks.DRolex.1、Which of the following statements is True?AGoogle was adopted because “googol” was not available then.BCadillac was named after the founding father of the company.

41、CStarbucks was used due to the co-founders love for his town.DHans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted.25（10分）The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers（减速带） on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its de

42、adly roads a little safer. We are trying out 3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers, Indias transport minister Nitin Gadkari wrote.The optical illusions(视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically. Earlier, India had ord

43、ered the removal of all speed breakers from highways, which are considered to be a safety hazard for high-speed vehicles. India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world. According to the World Health Organisation, over 200,000 people are killed by road accidents.The use of optical

44、 illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in 2008, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists. The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating 3D crossings. In India, cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented wi

45、th 3D zebra crossings in the last one year. In Ahmedabad for instance, a mother and her daughter, both artists, have painted 3D crosswalks in the first few months of 2016. The artists say their motto is to increase the attention of drivers, and that the concept has been successfully tested in accide

46、nt-prone zones on a highway.However, critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers are visual illusions, they may ignore them. Others also point out that Indias decision does not consider the safety of a large number of pedestrians. In the end, the new policy may be just one step to

47、wards improving road safety.1、Why are 3D paintings used on main highways and roads?ATo make the surroundings more beautiful.BTo attract the attention of tourists.CTo reduce the rate of traffic accidents.DTo show the advanced technology.2、Which of the following words is closest to the meaning of “haz

48、ard” in paragraph 2?AReminder BThreat CRegulation DTheory3、What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and 4?AThe use of optical illusions as speed breakers is controversial in India.BPhiladelphia is the second place to use virtual speed breakers in the US.CThe idea tested in Ahmedabad recently has been a fa

49、ilure.DThe new policy of 3D zebra crossings must be carried out.4、What do we know about 3D zebra crossings from the text?AThey can immediately lower the death rate.BThey have been widely used in India so far.CThey are designed to increase drivers attention.DThey are welcomed by both drivers and pede

50、strians.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） Recently, my family and I attended a neighborhood oyster(牡蛎)roast. I was more than glad that many people 1 together there.While standing at the large tables 2 and eating oysters, I noticed a school-aged boy

51、across the 3 from us who was being handed oysters by a 4 . Obviously, the boy was having a great deal of 5 and displeasure trying to 6 them down.At the beginning, I thought the man wanted the boy to 7 the oysters and maybe after some time they would stop. 8 things were not what I had expected. As we

52、 stood there, it continued. With each oyster, the 9 of this boy became more and more obvious as he 10 tears, struggling to swallow them. I 11 learned that the man felt the boy had been disrespectful and this was his 12 .Seeing that, I stopped chatting and eating oysters and 13 whether to get involve

53、d or walk away at first. But then I thought that if the boy were my own child, what should I do? Suddenly a good idea 14 me. I grabbed(抓住) my daughter and our Frisbee(飞盘)and made our way 15 the man and the boy. We introduced ourselves, 16 not to know many people there, and invited the boy to come an

54、d play Frisbee with us.The man stared at us for a moment, and then 17 it. Immediately the boys situation changed. He became 18 and talkative. We pulled another child into our group and played Frisbee for a good 30 minutes together.It brought me much 19 to end the suffering I was witnessing at the mo

55、ment, and I was fully 20 that trying to help in that or any situation where you see suffering is the best thing to do.1、AquarreledBlaughedCgatheredDleft2、AdancingBchattingCplayingDsinging3、AtableBroomCchairDdesk4、AfriendBrelativeCfatherDman5、AfunBconvenienceCinterestDdifficulty6、AswallowBdrinkCbring

56、Dthrow7、AsmellBtestCtryDavoid8、AThusBButCSoDIndeed9、AexcitementBsufferingCeagernessDskillfulness10、Afought backBheld onCbacked offDslipped away11、AalsoBjustClaterDalready12、AawardBrewardCreturnDpunishment13、AchoseBexpectedChesitatedDprepared14、AbeatBstruckCdefeatedDwon15、Aapart fromBby way ofCin the

57、 front ofDnext to16、ApretendingBwishingCdecidingDintending17、AallowedBrefusedCagreedDthought18、AseriousBshyCworriedDfriendly19、AinterestBargumentCreliefDconfusion20、AwarnedBconvincedCremindedDinformed第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）As one of the worlds leading1(centre) of fi

58、nance, trade and culture. London is famous for its lively night life. London is home to countless bars and clubs which meet almost everyones taste2music and nighttime entertainment. It is also worth3(remember) that London is also famous as one of4best live music venues(举行场所) in the world. But if you

59、 prefer opera, theatre or similar5(culture) events. London will not let you down either. If you are interested in theatre, you will love the West End6you can also find the famous Royal Opera House. London is7(true) a mecca(热门地方) for visitors both day and night. Although most of the top sites to visi

60、t8（find）in the centre of the city or nearby,you are highly recommended9(make) a good travel plan in order to be able to see and experience as much as possible, especially if you10(plan) to stay in London only for a few days. 第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）28（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10