外研社高中英语必修一Module1-6所有重点归纳精编版

1、 Module1MyFirstDayatSeniorHighHowsitgoing?=Howiseverythingrecently?cover:包含，包括becoveredwith被覆盖attheendof在结束的时候Eg:Cheend=atlast最后，终于（一般时态）Eg:IamsureIwillwinintheend.bytheendof到为止（后用完成时态）Eg:Bytheendofthisterm,wewillhavelearnttwoEnglishbooks.Bytheendoflastyear,wehadfinis

2、hedourtask.endupwith以告终receive客观上收到;accept主观上收到Eg:Ireceivedhisinvitationbutdidnotacceptit.divide:划分，把整体分为若干部分Eg:Theworldisdivideintofivecontinents.比较separate：分隔，把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来表参加活动的短语：takepartin+活动jointhepartyjoininthegameattend+themeetingTheteachersareveryenthusiasticandfriendlyandtheclassroomsare

3、amazing.表示“吃惊”的几个单词：surprise指由于出乎意料而感至U惊异或诧异”。Eg:Hiscomingsurprisedme.astonish指“由于出乎意料而又不能理解而感到吃惊”，语意较强。Eg:Iwasastonishedtoseehegotupsoearly.amaze指“由于认为似乎不可能或极少可能发生的事的出现而感至大为诧异、迷惑不解”，语意较强。Eg:Iwasamazedathisconfidence.Everyroomhasacomputerwithaspecialscreen,almostasbigasacinemascreen.asas表示“禾口一样”。Eg:

4、Mybookisasinterestingasyours.TheteacherisaveryenthusiasticwomancalledMr.Shen.calledMsShen在此作定语。WereusinganewtextbookandMsShensmethodofteachingisnothinglikethatoftheteachersatmyJuniorHighschool.（1）表示“方法、办法”的几个单词：method作可数名词，指（系统的、逻辑的）方法、办法。后面常接of+动名词，不接不定式）；作不可数名词，指秩序，条理，规律。Eg:Heisamanofhavingaccurat

5、eandstrictmethods.Wemustgetsomemethodintoourofficefilling.way为可数名词，后接不定式或of+动名词。Eg:Wemustfindawaytosolvethiskindofproblem.Thenormalwayofcarryingoutsuchakindplanisverydifficult.means单复数形式相同，其前有a,one,this,that,every等有时表单数意义，其前有such,these,those,all等有时表复数意义，其多指抽象或概括性的含义，后可接不定式，也可接of+动名词/名词。Eg:Thereisnom

6、eansoffindingoutwhathappened.（2）nothinglike+n./pron.完全不像，一点也不像Eg:Shesnothinglikehermother.没有什么能赶得上Eg:Theresnothinglikeaholidaytomakeonefeelrested.IdontthinkIwillbeboredinMsShensclass!Think表示意见和看法，其后的宾语从句中的否定词not被移到主句中，该现象被称为“否定转移”。类似的动词还有：expect,believe,suppose,imagine等。Eg:Idontsuppostheatshewillbeb

7、ackuntilnight.IshallnotexpectyoutillIseeyou.12Wedothisinafunway,withspellinggamesandotheractivities.inaway以的方式：Eg:Childrenlikeplayinggamesinafunway.辨析inthisway/innoway/intheway/inaway/bytheway/onthewayinthisway用这种方法、手段Eg:Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.innoway决不Eg:Wecaninnowaygiveintotheenemy.i

8、ntheway,也可以写成inonesway，意思是“挡了某人的路”，妨碍了某人”。Eg:Theboxisjustinmywaytotheroom.DontstandinthewaywhenIamcarryingouttheplan.inaway在某种程度上，有点Eg:Youarecorrectinaway.bytheway意思是“顺便说一下”，“顺便问一句”，也可以表示“在途中”。多位于句首。Eg:Bytheway,wherehashegone?Hestoppedforapicnicbytheway.Illbuysomebreadonthe/mywayhome.Sheisonthewayto

9、becomingadoctor.Inotherwords,therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.inotherwords意为“换言之，换句话说，也就是说”。threetimesasmanygirlsasboys是比较结构。其基本形式是“as+adj/adv原级+as从句”。Eg:Thisroomisasbigasthatone.MaryrunsasfastasJenny.类似的结构还有“as+much+不可数名词+as从句”。Hesavedasmuchmoneyashecould.8.lookforwardto意思是“盼望”，后面跟名词或动词的ing形式。Eg

10、:Idontknowwhatresulttheyarelookingforwardtoseeing.联想、发散英语中很多短语中的to为介词。devoteto献身于getdownto认真考虑payattentionto注意stickto坚持getusedto习惯于leadto导致LiKangisveryimpressedwiththeteachersandthetechnologyinhisnewschool.Impress及物动词(1)给予(人)印象。Eg:Theirmannersimpressedusfavorably.使(人、心等)铭记(事、物)(un,upon)。Eg:Thataccid

11、entimpressedonmethenecessityoftrafficregulations.感动(人)，打动(人心)(with,by)。Eg:Heimpressedtheworldwithhisadventure.他的冒险精神使全球的人深受感动。Wouldyoumindansweringthequestionsforme?mind+ing形式，不可以用不定式。Attheendoftwelfthgrade,Americanstudentsreceivethehighschooldiploma.attheend一般不单独使用，后常接of短语，意为“在结束的时候”，表示时间点，因此句子多用一般

12、时态。Eg:Attheendofthetalk,heexpressedhisgreatsatisfactionwithus.辨析bytheend一般不单独使用，后常跟of短语，意为“到结束的时候”，表示一段时间，因此句子多用完成时态，如过去完成时或将来完成时。Eg:Bytheendoflastterm,heend后不可跟of短语，表示最终的结果，相当于finally或atlast。Eg:Theyfoundthelostboyintheend.Theschoolyearisdividedintotwosemestersbedividedinto指把

13、一个整体分成若干部分，有时表示“平均分成几份”的意思。separatefrom把和分隔开，指由于事物阻隔而被分离。Eg:OnlyanarrowstraitseparatesNorthAmericafromSouthAmerica.Module2MyNewTeacherGoodteachersmakesurethateveryoneintheclassunderstands.makesure一定要，保证做到，弄清楚Eg:Makesureyoufinishyourhomeworkontime.一定要按时完成作业。辨析sure&certain(1)sure与certain的意思基本相同，但sure强

14、调主语的心理状态，指主语心中无疑或十分确信、有把握，着重于人的内心世界。Eg:Hewassurethatthemanagermusthavereadtheletter.(2)certain侧重说明有肯定的理由和证据，使人相信或确信，强调内心世界之外的证据。Eg:Itiscertainthathisbrotherwillcometohishelp.显然，他弟弟会来帮他的。当主语是人时，sure和certain常可替换，意思相差不大，但由于sure多表示人的内心世界，故其主语只能是人，且不能用来形容事件，所以当主语是表示事件的名词或代词时，或主语是it时，只能用certain。：Eg:Itisnt

15、quitecertainwhetherhewillbepresentatthemeeting.Ithinkperhapsshewas,asitwasherfirstlessonwithus.As在这里是连词，意思是“既然，因为”，多位于句首，常用来说明较为明显的原因。Eg:Astherearemanythingsforustodotoday,wedbetteraskforsomehelp.今天我们要干的事情很多，我们就叫些人来帮忙。辨析because/since/as/for都是表示原因或理由的连接词，在语气上由强至弱依次为becausesinceasfor。because引导的从句多置于句末

16、，表示直接的原因或理由，或产生那种结果的必然的因果关系，在回答why的提问时，必须用because作答。Eg:Thelightwentoutbecausetheoilwasout.as与since引导的从句多置于句首，不过as表示十分明显的原因，只说明一般的因果关系，可译为“因为由于”，而since则表示稍加分析、对方已知的原因，一般译为“既然”。Eg:Asitistoolate,youdbetterstayhere.Sincethetownisfarfromhere,youmaygotherebybus.for是并列连词，所引导的不是原因状语从句，而是表示理由的对等句子，是对前面所讲内容的补

17、充和说明。Eg:Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundissowet.Sheiskindandpatient,andexplainsEnglishgrammarsoclearlythatevenIcanunderstandit!IhatemakingmistakesorpronouncingawordincorrectlywhenIspeakEnglish,butMrs.Lijustsmiles,sothatyoudontfeelcompletelystupid.这两句中都使用了“sothat”，但意义完全不同。“sothat”可译为“如此以至于”，有如下

18、几种结构：so+形容词或副词+thatEgHeransoquicklythatIcouldntkeepupwithhim.so+形+a(n)+单数可数名词+thatBobissotallamanthathecanreachtheceiling.so+many/few+复数可数名词+that或者so+much/little+不可数名词+thatEg:Thereissolittlewaterleftthatonlysmallchildrenandpatientsweregivesome.sothat相当于“inorderthat”,表目的。Checkcarefullysothatanymistak

19、eswillbecaught.Shesverystrict-wedontdaretosayaworduniesssheasksusto.1)dare做情态动词时主要用于疑问句、否定句及条件状语从句中。Eg:Idarenotgothere.Dareyouaskhim?(2)可用实义动词dareEg:Idontdaretogothere.Doyoudaretoaskhim?Thereareafewstudentsinourclasswhokeepcomingtoclasslatekeepdoing持续不断地做某事，经常做某事Theykepttryinguntiltheysucceeded.辨析ke

20、epdoingsth/keepondoingsth/keepsbdoing/keepsbfromdoingsthkeepdoingsth,keepondoingsth.均含有继续、重复”之意，许多情况下可以通用。有时keepdoingsth描述客观事实，无感情色彩，可译作“持续地、一直不停地做某事”。keepondoingsth则带有感情色彩，译“总是反复地做某事”。Eg:Hekeptthinkingofthequestion.(描述“念念不忘”这一客观事实。)Dontkeeponthinkingofthesamequestion.(强调主观厌烦情绪)keepsb/sthdoing表示“让某人

21、/某物处于做某事的状态”Eg:Thebosskepthisworkersworkingdayandnight.keepsb/sth.fromdoingsth阻止某人/某物做某事Eg:Theheavyrainkeptusfromstartingoutontime.大雨使我们不能准时出发。appreciatevt.有如下几种意思：(1)鉴赏，欣赏，品味，玩味(文学、艺术等)Eg:YoucannotappreciateEnglishliteratureunlessyouunderstandthelanguage(2).感激(他人的好意等)，感谢Eg:Igreatlyappreciateyourkin

22、dness.Duringscientificexperiments,sheexplainsexactlywhatishappeningandasaresultmyworkisimproving.asaresult介词短语，意思是因而，就这样”，相当于therefore。Eg:Shehadsomuchcolddrinkyesterday.Asaresult,shefellillandhadahighfevertoday.归纳、拓展asaresult(of)作为的结果Eg:Asaresultoftheflood,thousandsofpeasantslosttheirfood.resultin引致

23、，造成。Eg:Hislazinessresultsinhisfailureintheexam.butIthinkthatIlldowellintheexamwithMrsChenteachingme.with+with+with+with+with+名词名词名词名词名词+副词+adj+名词+介词短语Eg:Themancameinwithabookinhishand.。+现在分词(名词和现在分词间为主动关系，状态正在进行)Eg:Withallthelightsout,theroomwasdark.Eg:Withthedoorandwindowsopenwide,theroomwasverycol

24、d.Eg:InthenorthisScotland,withitscapitalEdinburgh.Eg:Withallthestudentsdoingtheirhomeworksilently,theteacherwalkedaroundtheclassroom.with+名词+过去分词(强调名词是-ed分词动作的承受者或动作已发生)Eg:Fromthewindowshecouldseeatalltree,withadogtiedtoit.with+名词+不定式(强调动作尚未发生)Eg:Withmachinerytodoallthework,thefarmishighlymechanized

25、.Hesgotsomuchenergy,thisisoneclassyoudonotfallasleepin!他精力充沛，在他的课上你绝不会想睡觉(感到困倦)。(1)请注意，这里的in是不可少的。可以把本句分为两句：Thisisoneclass.Intheclassyoudontfallasleep.请注意，这里oneclass中的class既不解释为班级”，也不和前面第4点中theclassreallylikesworkingwithher一样解释为“全班同学”，而是解释为“课”。这里fallasleep中asleep为形容词，只能作表语，而sleep则为名词和动词。作为教师，请注意加a-”

26、的构词法，大部分是表语形容词，如：alike,alive,alone,ashamed,awake,aware,etc.Module3MyFirstRideonaTrain(1)distanee:n.距离Egatadistanee在远处atadistaneefrom离有一段距离fromadistanee在远处inthedistanee在远方，在远处supply:v.供给，供应，补充Supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.Eg:Theysupplythehomelessehildrenwithfood.=Theysupplyfoodtothehomelessehildre

27、n.其复数形式supplies指日用品，生活必需品，补给品”等ReeentlyIhadmyfirstrideonaIong-distaneetrain.不久前，我第一次乘坐长途火车。(1)句子中Iong-distanee的表达法，这是由adjeetive+noun构成的复合形容词。类似的有full-time全日制的，seeond-hand二手的，first-rate一流的，high-elass高级的large-scale大规模的，high-teeh高科技的，kind-hearted善良的，absent-minded走神的，good-looking样子好看的。除此之外，还有其他复合词的表达法：名

28、词：daughter-in-law媳妇，speed-reading快速阅读动词：baby-sit照顾婴儿，window-shop观望，物色Andwhataride!感叹句，主谓语被省略，全句是：Whata(beautiful)rideitwas!很多感叹句是由what或how引起的，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词或动词。Eg:Whatanicevoieehehas!Whatatallboyheis!(2)Hownieeavoieehehas!Howtallaboyheis!Suddenly,itlookedlikeaplaeefromanothertime.Looklike看起来好象

29、Isatandlookedoutofthewindow.我坐在那儿看着窗外。lookout看外面，小心；lookoutof看着的外面Theytriedridinghorses,butthehorsesdidntlikethehotweatherandsand.trydoingsth.尝试干某事trytodosth.尽力干某事Eg:Weshouldtrytomakeeverythingreadybeforetheteaehereomes.Thestudentstrieddoingtheexperimentsomeotherway.TheAfghansandtheireamelsdidthisun

30、tilthe1920s.the1920s20世纪20年代请注意时间表达法：the1830s19世纪30年代the60s60年代inher80s在她八十多岁的时候Travelingataspeedover400kilometresperhour,thetraincaneompletethe30-kilometrejourneyineightminutes.请注意速度speed和介词at的连用：ataspeedof50milesatthetopofonespeedModule4ASoeialSurvey-MyNeighbourhoodItsbexyearssincewelastsaweaehoth

31、er,youknow.sinee+过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点；1980,lastmonth,halfpastsix)Eg:Ihavebeenheresince1989.sinee+一段时间+agoEg:Ihavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.since+从句Eg:Greatehangeshavetakenplaeesinceyouleft.Itis+一段时间+sinee从句Eg:ItistwomonthssineeIbecameateaeher.AndthisisthefirsttimeIvevisitedyourhometown.This/Itis+序

32、数词+time+(that)+sb+havedonesth表示第几次做某事”Eg:ThisistheseeondtimeIhavebeentoChangsha.butthisisoneofthemostattractiveplacesIvebeento.ThisisthebestteaIhaveeverdrunk注意(sb)havebeentoaplaee:(某人)到过某地(该人现已不在那个地方)(sb)havegonetoaplaee:(某人)已去了某地(该人不在说话现场Itsisoely,andeveryoneseemssofriendly.lively:活泼的，有生气的，用做定语或表语，

33、可以指人或物Eg:lfindthegirlhasalivelymind.live:活的，活生生的，有生命的，现场直播(做定语，放在被修饰的名词前)Eg:Haveyoucaughtalivefishintheriver?Thereisalivebasketballmatchat9:45tonight.living:活的，健在的，现行的(作表语或定语)Eg:BaJinisregardedasoneofthebestlivingwriters.alive:活的，有生命的(作表语，后置定语或补足语，作表语的时候，可与living互换)Eg:Hewasalive/livingwhenhewassentt

34、othehospital.Ifeelveryfortunatelivinghere.生活在这里我感到很幸运。(sb)feelfortunate(in)doingsth(某人)因有机会做某事而感到幸运Whatsthediffereneeamongthefollowingsentences?Youlivein_thenorthwestofXiamen.(in:范围之内)Youliveto_thenorthwestofXiamen.(to:范围之外的，不接壤)Youliveon_thecoastofthesea.(on:范围之内，可指接壤，也可指在河畔)Prettyhotandwetinthesum

35、mer,butitcanbequitecoldinwinter.注意:二者都可以用作副词，意为相当、很”，SoundsOKtome./Thatsoundsgreat.Sound连系动词，后跟adj作表语，无被动语态。类似词还有look,smell,taste,feel,get,turn,become等。YoudontreallyseetouristfhereIlive.我住的地方你其实是看不见游客。此句是where引导的地点状语从句，意为在地方”。Eg:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Putthebookwhereitwas!Theyveutupalotofhigh

36、-risebuildingrecently.putup有建立的意思Nowwereleavinghebusinessdistrictandapproachingtheharbour.be+V-ing:用现在进行时表示将来，往往表示：意图”、打算”、安排”、常用于人。有此类用法的词还有come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay等。Eg:rmleavingtomorrow.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?Sotheytellme.他们就是这样告诉我的。So在倒装句中的不同意义：so+助动词+B:A怎么样，B也怎么样B+助动词+so:A让B去做某事，B按

37、A的要求去做了so+A+助动词：A确实怎么样相关either/nor+助动词+B:A不怎么样，B也不怎么样如前一句中谓语既有肯定，又有否定，应用Soitis/waswithB或Itis/wasthesamewithB。Module5ALessoninaLab(1)Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances,forexample,waterandoxygen.reactvi.&vt.作出反应，反应。后接介词to。Eg:Howdidshereacttothenews?影响，起作用。后接介词on/upo

38、n。Eg:Thetworeactuponeachother.抗拒，反抗。后接against。Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.起反作用，反过来起作用。常接介词on/upon。Eg:Unkindnessoftenreactsontheunkindperson.化起化学作用，物反应。后接介词with/on。Eg:a.Howdoacidsreactonmetals?b.Anacidcanreactwithabasetoformasalt.(2)Tofindoutifironrustsindryair.弄清楚

39、铁在干燥的空气中是否生锈。findout指经过探听、询问、调查之后，才发现某事或事情的真相。Eg:Hehasfoundoutthemanwhostolethewatch.Willyoutrytofindoutwhenthetrainsleave?辨析find有偶然发现某物的意思Eg:Onherwayhome,Timfoundawalletlyingontheground.discover表示发现存在的但以前不为人知的事物，也可表示发现已为人知的事物的新的性质或用途，这种发现可能是有意的，也可能是无意的。Eg:MadameCuriediscoveredtheelementofradium.(2)

40、Putthesewordsinthecorrectordertodescribethestagesofascientificexperiment.putinthecorrectorder按正确的顺序排列。inorder按顺序。Eg:Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder.Puteverythingintheroominorder.Now,whatstheaimofthisexperiment,ZhouKai?这次实验的目的是什么，周凯？aimvt.&vi.把瞄准；把对准掷向；意欲，旨在。Eg:a.Thisanti-smokin

41、gcampaignismainlyaimedatyoungteenagers.b.Mybrotheraimstobeanovelist.n.目标，目的。常接介词TO。Eg:Itisnowouraimtosetupafactory.No,weneedrathermorethanthat-abouttwoandahalfgrams.我们所需要的要大大超过那些一大约两克半。rather是程度副词，修饰比较级more。例如：Eg:Fortheold,livinginthecountryisrathermorecomfortablethanincity.Thiscomputerisrathermoree

42、xpensivethanthatone.探注意：与rather近义的quite,fairly,very,too不能修饰比较级。可修饰比较级的词有：abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等。还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。Eg:Tomisfarclevererthananyotherboysintheclass.SamistwiceolderthanI.LearningGreekismuchharderthanlearningEnglish.Ineverusedtoenjoys

43、cience,butlastyearIchangedschools,andthescienceteachersatmynewschoolareexcellent.usedtodosth.表示过去常常做某事，强调现在不再这样做。其否定式是usednot,可缩写为usednt/usent：口语中可用didnuse。例如：Eg:IusedtolivetherewhenIwasachild.Usedyoutolikeopera?/Didyoulikeopera?Thereusedtobeachurchhere,usedntthere?beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Eg:Woodcanbeus

44、edtomakepaper.木材可以用来造纸。be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事Eg:Hewasusedtosleepingwiththewindowsopen.Module6TheInternetandTelecommunicationsTheInternetisthebiggestsourceofinformationintheworld,anditsaccessiblethroughacomputer.因特网是世界上最大的信息资源，它可以通过电脑使用。accessibleadj可进入的；可使用的。常接介词to。Eg:Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.Itconsistsofmillionsofpagesofdata.它包含无数的数据页。Consistvi（由某部分，要素）组成（of）Eg:Airconsistschieflyofnitrogen.空气主要由氮气组成。Thecommitteeconsistsoftwentymembers.该委员会由二十名成员组成。Itthenbecamepossi