数字图像处理实验三中值滤波和均值滤波实验报告材料

1、数字图像处理实验三均值滤波、中值滤波的计算机实现12281166崔雪莹计科1202班一、实验目的：1）熟悉均值滤波、中值滤波处理的理论基础；2）掌握均值滤波、中值滤波的计算机实现方法；3）学习VC+6。0的编程方法；4）验证均值滤波、中值滤波处理理论；5）观察均值滤波、中值滤波处理的结果。二、实验的软、硬件平台：硬件：微型图像处理系统，包括：主机，PC机；摄像机；软件：操作系统：WIND0WS2000或WINDOWSXP应用软件：VC+6.0三、实验内容：1）握高级语言编程技术；2）编制均值滤波、中值滤波处理程序的方法；3）编译并生成可执行文件；4）考察处理结果。四、实验要求：1）学习VC+确

2、6。0编程的步骤及流程；2）编写均值滤波、中值滤波的程序；3）编译并改错；4）把该程序嵌入试验二给出的界面中（作适当修改）；5）提交程序及文档；6）写出本次实验的体会。五、实验结果截图实验均值滤波采用的是3X3的方块，取周围的像素点取得其均值代替原像素点。边缘像素的处理方法是复制边缘的像素点，增加一个边框，计算里面的像素值得均值滤波。II打Jf文祥中谊泯逋均值爲波中I稠打开文件六、实验体会本次实验在前一次的实验基础上增加均值滤波和中值滤波，对于椒盐噪声的处理，发现中值滤波的效果更为好一点，而均值滤波是的整个图像变得模糊了一点，效果差异较大。本次实验更加增加了对数字图像处理的了解与学习。七、实验

3、程序代码注释及分析/HistDemoADlg.h:头文件/#includeImageWnd.h#pragmaonce/CHistDemoADIg对话框classCHistDemoADlg:publicCDialogEx/构造public:CHistDemoADlg(CWnd*pParent=NULL);/标准构造函数intnWidth;intnHeight;intnLen;intnByteWidth;BYTE*lpBackup;BYTE*lpBitmap;BYTE*lpBits;CStringFileName;CImageWndsource,dest;/对话框数据enumIDD=IDD_HIS

4、TDEMOA_DIALOG;protected:virtualvoidDoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX);/DDX/DDV支持/实现protected:HICONm_hIcon;/生成的消息映射函数virtualBOOLOnInitDialog();afx_msgvoidOnSysCommand(UINTnID,LPARAMlParam);afx_msgvoidOnPaint();afx_msgHCURSOROnQueryDragIcon();DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()public:voidLoadBitmap(void);afx_msgvoid

5、OnOpen();afx_msgvoidOnHist();voidHistogramEq(void);voidNoColor(void);voidHistogramEq1(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput);voidMeanFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput);voidMedianFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput);afx_msgvoidOnBnClickedClose();afx_m

6、sgvoidOnBnClickedMeanfilter();afx_msgvoidOnBnClickedMedianfilter();HistDemoADIg.cpp对HistDemoADIg.h进行具体的实现，OnOpen()函数响应ID为IDC_OPEN的按钮事件，而且会调取文件选择对话框，选取文件之后，会显示在原始图像区域显示对应的位图图像，OnHist()函数会响应ID为IDC_HIST的按钮事件，调用HistogramEq()进行直方图均衡化的处理，HistogramEqO会调用HistogramEq1()进行直方图均衡化的处理，并用dst.setImage()显示处理之后的图像，以

7、及NoColor()函数，对原始图像转化为灰度图像之后再显示。/HistDemoADlg.cpp:实现文件/#includestdafx.h#includeHistDemoA.h#includeHistDemoADlg.h#includeafxdialogex.h#ifdef_DEBUG#definenewDEBUG_NEW#endif#definePoint(x,y)lpPoints(x)+(y)*nWidth#definePoint1(x,y)lpPoints1(x)+(y)*nWidth/用于应用程序“关于”菜单项的CAboutDlg对话框classCAboutDlg:publicCDi

8、alogExpublic:CAboutDlg();/对话框数据enumIDD=IDD_ABOUTBOX;protected:virtualvoidDoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX);/DDX/DDV支持/实现protected:DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP();CAboutDlg:CAboutDlg():CDialogEx(CAboutDlg:IDD)voidCAboutDlg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX)CDialogEx:DoDataExchange(pDX);BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutD

9、lg,CDialogEx)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/CHistDemoADIg对话框CHistDemoADlg:CHistDemoADlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/):CDiaIogEx(CHistDemoADIg:IDD,pParent)m_hIcon=AfxGetApp()-LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);IpBitmap=0;IpBackup=0;voidCHistDemoADIg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX)CDiaIogEx:DoDataExchange(pDX);BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(C

10、HistDemoADIg,CDiaIogEx)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_OPEN,&CHistDemoADIg:OnOpen)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_HIST,&CHistDemoADIg:OnHist)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDCLOSE,&CHistDemoADIg:OnBnCIickedCIose)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_MEANFILTER,&CHistDemoADlg:OnBnClickedMeanfilter)ON_BN_CLICKED(I

11、DC_MEDIANFILTER,&CHistDemoADlg:OnBnClickedMedianfilter)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/CHistDemoADIg消息处理程序BOOLCHistDemoADlg:OnInitDialog()CDiaIogEx:OnInitDiaIog();/将“关于.”菜单项添加到系统菜单中。/IDM_AB0UTB0X必须在系统命令范围内。ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX&0 xFFF0)=IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOXAppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu-AppendMenu(M

12、F_STRING,IDM_ABOUTBOX,strAboutMenu);/设置此对话框的图标。当应用程序主窗口不是对话框时，框架将自动/执行此操作SetIcon(m_hIcon,TRUE);/设置大图标SetIcon(m_hIcon,FALSE);/设置小图标/TODO:在此添加额外的初始化代码source.Create(0,LSource,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE,CRect(40,40,360,280),this,10000);dest.Create(0,LDestination,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE,CRect(400,40,720,280),this,1

13、0001);returnTRUE;/除非将焦点设置到控件，否则返回TRUEvoidCHistDemoADlg:OnSysCommand(UINTnID,LPARAMlParam)if(nID&0 xFFF0)=IDM_ABOUTBOX)CAboutDlgdlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();elseCDialogEx:OnSysCommand(nID,lParam);/如果向对话框添加最小化按钮，则需要下面的代码/来绘制该图标。对于使用文档/视图模型的MFC应用程序，/这将由框架自动完成。voidCHistDemoADlg:OnPaint()if(IsIconic()CPai

14、ntDCdc(this);/用于绘制的设备上下文SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND,reinterpret_cast(dc.GetSafeHdc(),0);/使图标在工作区矩形中居中intcxIcon=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);intcyIcon=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRectrect;GetClientRect(&rect);intx=(rect.Width()-cxIcon+1)/2;inty=(rect.Height()-cyIcon+1)/2;/绘制图标dc.DrawIcon(x,y,m_hIco

15、n);elseCDialogEx:OnPaint();/当用户拖动最小化窗口时系统调用此函数取得光标/显示。HCURSORCHistDemoADlg:OnQueryDragIcon()returnstatic_cast(m_hIcon);voidCHistDemoADlg:LoadBitmap()/位图文件：BITMAPFILEHEADER+BITMAPINFOHEADER+有效信息部分BITMAPINFOHEADER*plnfo;/位图文件的头部信息指针pInfopInfo=(BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER);/pInf

16、o指向位图文件的头部信息nWidth=pInfo-biWidth;/图片宽度nByteWidth=nWidth*3;/字节宽度if(nByteWidth%4)nByteWidth+=4-(nByteWidth%4);/使字节宽度为4的整数倍nHeight二plnfo-biHeight;/图片高度if(pInfo-biBitCount!=24)/位图的位深度不为24if(pInfo-biBitCount!=8)/位深度不为8AfxMessageBox(L无效位图)；deletelpBitmap;lpBitmap=0;return;/位深度为8unsignedintPaletteSize=1biB

17、itCount;/左移8位，PaletteSize调色板尺寸if(pInfo-biClrUsed!=0&pInfo-biClrUsedbiClrUsed;/biCIrUsed位图实际使用的颜色表中的颜色数lpBits=lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);/lpBits指向有效信息部分RGBQUAD*pPalette=(RGBQUAD*)lpBits;/颜色表部分/*typedefstructtagRGBQUADBYTErgbBlue;BYTErgbGreen;BYTErgbRed;BYTErgbReserved;

18、RGBQUAD;*/lpBits+二sizeof(RGBQUAD)*PaletteSize;/lpBits指向图像有效信息部分nLen=sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+nByteWidth*nHeight;/整个位图文件的长度BYTE*lpTemp=lpBitmap;lpBitmap=newBYTEnLen;BITMAPFILEHEADERbmh;BITMAPINFOHEADERbmi;bmh.bfType=B+M*256;bmh.bfSize=nLen;bmh.bfReserved1=0;bmh.bfReserved2=0;

19、bmh.bfOffBits=54;bmi.biSize=sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);bmi.biWidth=nWidth;bmi.biHeight=nHeight;bmi.biPlanes=1;bmi.biBitCount=24;bmi.biCompression=BI_RGB;bmi.biSizeImage=0;bmi.biXPelsPerMeter=0;bmi.biYPelsPerMeter=0;bmi.biClrUsed=0;bmi.biClrImportant=0;intnBWidth=pInfo-biWidth;if(nBWidth%4)nBWidth+=4-(

20、nBWidth%4);memset(lpBitmap,0,nLen);memcpy(lpBitmap,&bmh,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER);/位图文件头部memcpy(lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),&bmi,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);/位图信息头部BYTE*lpBits2=lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);/位图图像信息部分intx,y,p1,p2,Palette;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)for(x=0;xnWi

21、dth;x+)p1=y*nBWidth+x;p2=y*nByteWidth+x*3;if(lpBitsp1PaletteSize)Palette=lpBitsp1;elsePalette=0;lpBits2p2=pPalettePalette.rgbBlue;lpBits2p2+1=pPalettePalette.rgbGreen;lpBits2p2+2=pPalettePalette.rgbRed;deletelpTemp;lpBits=lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)if(lpBackup)deletelp

22、Backup;lpBackup=newBYTEnLen;memcpy(lpBackup,lpBitmap,nLen);voidCHistDemoADlg:OnOpen()/点击打开文件之后，对应的事件处理函数/TODO:在此添加控件通知处理程序代码CFileFile;CFileDialogdlg(TRUE,O,O,OFN_HIDEREADONLY,L位图文件|*.bmp|所有文件|*.*|,this);/新建文件选择对话框if(dlg.DoModal()=IDOK)FileName=dlg.GetPathName();/得到文件的路径if(!File.Open(FileName,CFile:m

23、odeRead)return;/以只读方式打开文件/TODO:addloadingcodehereif(lpBitmap)deletelpBitmap;/保证IpBitmap为空nLen=(int)File.GetLength();/得到文件的长度lpBitmap二newBYTEnLen;/为lpBitmap分配空间File.Read(lpBitmap,nLen);/将文件的内容读入到lpBitmap所指向的内存区域LoadBitmapO;/调用LoadBitmap()，加载位图图像if(lpBitmap)source.SetImage(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits);voidC

24、HistDemoADlg:OnHist()/TODO:在此添加控件通知处理程序代码HistogramEq();voidGetPoints(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpBits,BYTE*lpPoints)intx,y,p;intnByteWidth=nWidth*3;if(nByteWidth%4)nByteWidth+=4-(nByteWidth%4);for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/每一行for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)/每一列p=x*3+y*nByteWidth;lpPointsx+y*nWidth=(BYTE)(0.299*(float)lp

25、Bitsp+2+0.587*(float)lpBitsp+1+0.114*(float)lpBitsp+0.1);/三种颜色的比例计算对应点的颜色值，并且强制转换成BYTEvoidPutPoints(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpBits,BYTE*lpPoints)/逐个对IpBits进行赋值intnByteWidth=nWidth*3;if(nByteWidth%4)nByteWidth+=4-(nByteWidth%4);intx,y,p,p1;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/每一行for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)/每一列p=x*3+y*nByt

26、eWidth;p1=x+y*nWidth;IpBitsp=IpPointsp1;IpBitsp+1=IpPointsp1;IpBitsp+2=IpPointsp1;voidCHistDemoADIg:HistogramEq(void)if(IpBitmap=0)return;BYTE*IpOutput=newBYTEnByteWidth*nHeight;HistogramEq1(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits,lpOutput);dest.SetImage(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput);/在直方图均衡化的区域显示结果deletelpOutput;NoColor(

27、);/将原始图像转换成灰度图像voidCHistDemoADlg:NoColor()if(lpBitmap=0)return;intx,y,p;BYTEPoint;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/每一行for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)/每一列p=x*3+y*nByteWidth;Point=(BYTE)(0.299*(float)lpBitsp+2+0.587*(float)lpBitsp+1+0114*(float)lpBitsp+0.1);/计算颜色值，在0-255的灰度级之间lpBitsp+2=Point;lpBitsp+1=Point;lpBitsp=Point;sou

28、rce.Setlmage(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits);/将彩色图像转化成灰度图像voidCHistDemoADlg:HistogramEq1(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lplnput,BYTE*lpOutput)intx,y;BYTE*lpPoints二newBYTEnWidth*nHeight;/像素点的个数GetPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lplnput,lpPoints);/lpPoints存的是颜色值intr256,s256;/颜色值数组，统计对应颜色值像素点的个数ZeroMemory(r,1024);ZeroMemory(s

29、,1024);for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/统计对应颜色值像素点的个数,Point(x,y)是lpPoints(x,y)for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)rPoint(x,y)+;s0=r0;for(y=1;y256;y+)sy=sy-1;sy+=ry;/计算颜色值的前y种颜色的总像素点的个数(像素点颜色值二y)for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/将计算对应点的像素值，直方图均匀化的结果保存在IpPointsfor(x=0;xnWidth;x+)Point(x,y)=sPoint(x,y)*255/nWidth/nHeight;PutPoints(nWidth,nHeig

30、ht,IpOutput,IpPoints);/输出IpPoints到IpOutputdeIeteIpPoints;voidCHistDemoADIg:OnBnCIickedCIose()/TODO:在此添加控件通知处理程序代码/ExitProcess(O);/注意使用时先释放分配的内存，以免造成内存泄露/exit(O);/正常终止程序；exit(非0)非正常终止程序PostQuitMessage(O);/最常用voidCHistDemoADIg:OnBnCIickedMeanfiIter()/TODO:在此添加控件通知处理程序代码if(IpBitmap=0)return;BYTE*IpOutp

31、ut=newBYTEnByteWidth*nHeight;MeanFiIter(nWidth，nHeight，IpBits，IpOutput);dest.Setlmage(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput);/在直方图均衡化的区域显示结果deletelpOutput;NoColor();/将原始图像转换成灰度图像voidCHistDemoADlg:MeanFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lplnput,BYTE*lpOutput)intx,y;BYTE*lpPoints二newBYTEnWidth*nHeight;/像素点的个数BYTE*lpPo

32、ints1=newBYTE(nWidth+2)*(nHeight+2);GetPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpInput,lpPoints);/lpPoints存的是颜色值for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/中间最整块图像的拷贝for(x=1;xnWidth;x+)Point1(x,y)=Point(x-1,y-1);/lpPoints1yx=lpPointsy-1x-1;for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/最左边和最右边一列的拷贝Point1(0,y)=Point(0,y-1);Point1(nWidth+1,y)=Point(nWidth-1,y-1);

33、/lpPoints1y0=lpPointsy-10;/lpPoints1ynWidth+1=lpPointsy-1nWidth-1;for(x=0;xnWidth+2;x+)/最上边和最下边一行的拷贝Point1(x,0)=Point1(x,1);Point1(x,nHeight+1)=Point1(x,nHeight);/lpPoints10 x=lpPoints11x;/lpPoints1nHeight+1x=lpPoints1nHeightx;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/求以某点为中心的九个数平均值for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)Point1(x+1,y)+Point

34、1(x+2,y)Point1(x+1,y+1)Point1(x,y)+Point1(x,y+1)Point(x,y)Point1(x+2,y+1)lpPoints1y+2x+2)/9;Point1(x,y+2)Point1(x+1,y+2)Point1(x+2,y+2)/*lpPointsyxlpPoints1yx+2+)/9;(lpPoints1yxlpPoints1yx+1lpPoints1y+1xlpPoints1y+1x+1lpPoints1y+1x+2+lpPoints1y+2xlpPoints1y+2x+1*/PutPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput,lp

35、Points);/输出lpPoints到lpOutputdeletelpPoints;voidCHistDemoADlg:MedianFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput)intx,y;BYTE*lpPoints二newBYTEnWidth*nHeight;/像素点的个数BYTE*lpPoints1=newBYTE(nWidth+2)*(nHeight+2);GetPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpInput,lpPoints);/lpPoints存的是颜色值for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/中间

36、一整块拷贝for(x=1;xnWidth;x+)Point1(x,y)=Point(x-1,y-1);for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/最左边和最右边一列的拷贝Point1(0,y)=Point(0,y-1);Point1(nWidth+1,y)=Point(nWidth-1,y-1);for(x=0;xnWidth+2;x+)/最上边和最下边一行的拷贝Point1(x,0)=Point1(x,1);Point1(x,nHeight+1)=Point1(x,nHeight);BYTE*window=newBYTE9;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)for(x=0;xnWid

37、th;x+)intk=0;for(inti=y;i=y+2;i+)for(intj=x;j=x+2;j+)if(k9)windowk+=Point1(j,i);for(intm二0;m5;+m)/求9个数的中值，window4为中值intmin二m;for(intn二m+1;n9;+n)if(windownwindowmin)min二n;/PutfoundminimumelementinitsplaceBYTEtemp二windowm;windowm二windowmin;windowmin二temp;Point(x,y)二window4;PutPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpO

38、utput,lpPoints);/输出lpPoints到lpOutputdeletelpPoints;voidCHistDemoADlg:OnBnClickedMedianfilter()/TODO:在此添加控件通知处理程序代码if(lpBitmap=O)return;BYTE*lpOutput二newBYTEnByteWidth*nHeight;MedianFilter(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits,lpOutput);dest.Setlmage(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput);/在中值滤波的区域显示结果deletelpOutput;NoColor();/将原始图像转换成灰度图像ClmageWnd.h类继承自CWnd主要是图像显示方面的函数，如水平滚轮和垂直滚轮的事件函数，以及绘制函数OnPaintO,初始化函数等等，以及存放需要绘制的图像信息的成员变量setlmage(),外接提供绘制的信息，通过参数传递给内部的成员变量。#pragmaon