空间基础架构SpatialDataInfrastructureSDI课件

1、空间基础架构SpatialDataInfrastructureSDI课件空间基础架构SpatialDataInfrastructur地理資訊系統的發展MainframeDesktopInternetPC hardwareMS WindowInternet GISWANOpen GISSDIWeb ServiceMobileMobile OSWireless & Mobile communication地理資訊系統的發展MainframeDesktopInter網路系統（資源共享）網路系統（資源分享）MainframeDesktopInternetWeb Service單機系統（自給自足）網路系

2、統網路系統MainframeDesktopInternInternet GIS集中式資料庫主從式架構（client-server）資料項目、內容受制於伺服端DatabaseInternet GIS Server資源分享Internet GISDatabaseInternet G資料庫使用者Map Server資料庫Map Server資料庫Map Server資料庫使用者Map Server資料庫Map Server資資源共享分散式架構（distributed architecture）通透使用（interoperability）a property referring to the abil

3、ity of diverse systems and organizations to work together開放性架構（Open Architecture）設備對設備的通透性（資料、系統）Open GIS.jpgDatabaseInternet GIS Server.shp資源共享分散式架構（distributed architecOpen GIS開放標準ISO (International Organization for Standardization) (/iso/home.htm)1947年成立於日內瓦標準制訂的基本原則共識性（consensus）通用性（industry-wid

4、e）自願性（voluntary）TC 211 (technical committee)ISO 19100 seriesOpen GIS開放標準ISO (InternationalISO 6709:1983, Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locationsISO 19101 - Reference modelISO 19102 OverviewISO/TS 19103 - Conceptual schema languageISO 19104 - Termino

5、logyISO 19105 - Conformance and testingISO 19106 - ProfilesISO 19107 - Spatial schemaISO 19108 - Temporal schemaISO 19109 - Rules for application schemaISO 19110 - Feature cataloguing methodologyISO 19111 - Spatial referencing by coordinatesISO 19112 - Spatial referencing by geographic identifiersIS

6、O 19113 - Quality principlesISO 19114 - Quality evaluation proceduresISO 19115 MetadataISO 19115-2 - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19116 - Positioning servicesISO 19117 PortrayalISO 19118 - EncodingISO 19119 - ServicesISO/TR 19120 - Functional standards + Amendment 1

7、ISO/TR 19121 Imagery and gridded dataISO/TR 19122 - Qualifications and certification of personnelISO 19123 - Schema for coverage geometry and functionsISO/RS 19124 - Imagery and gridded data componentsISO 19125 - Simple feature access Part 1-3ISO 19126 - Profile - FACC Data DictionaryISO 19127 - Geo

8、detic codes and parametersISO 19128 - Web Map Server InterfaceISO 19129 - Imagery, gridded and coverage dataframeworkISO 19130 - Sensor and data model for imageryand gridded dataISO 19131 - Data product specificationISO 19132 - Location based services possiblestandardsISO 19133 - Location based serv

9、ices trackingand navigationISO 19134 - Multimodal location based servicesfor routing and navigationISO 19135 - Procedures for registration ofgeographic information itemsISO 19136 Geography Markup Language (GML)ISO 19137 - Generally used profiles of the spatial schema and of similar important other s

10、chemasISO 19138 Data quality measuresISO 19139 - Metadata - Implementation specification ISO 19140 - Technical amendment to the ISO 191* Geographic information series of standards for harmonization and enhancements ISO TC 211 specificationsISO 6709:1983, Standard represOpen GIS開放標準OGC (Open Geospati

11、al Consortium) (/)Open GIS開放標準OGC (Open Geospati空间基础架构SpatialDataInfrastructureSDI课件SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture )以服務為基礎的分散式處理架構，由服務提供者、服務需求者、及服務仲介者來達成任務需求特性分散式架構 (distributed)鬆散耦合的界面 (loosely coupled)依據開放的標準 (open standard)以流程為核心 (process centric)實踐GIS Web Service服務導向架構SOA (Service-Oriented A

12、rchitecGIS Web Service一種軟體元件，它透過Web 通訊協定及資料格式的開放式標準來為其他的應用程式提供服務使用者在任何地方都可以使用瀏覽器發出服務需求並獲得服務特點開放標準為基礎互通性（Interoperability）提供服務元件GIS Web Service一種軟體元件，它透過Web 通GIS 網路服務架構應用服務（Application Services）目錄服務（Catalog Service）資服務（Data Services）功能服務（Processing Services）繪圖服務（Portrayal Service）GIS 網路服務架構應用服務（Appli

13、cation SerData Services資料服務Feature Access Service (WFS)Coverage Access Services (WCS)Sensor Collection Services (SCS)Image Archive ServicesLocation Services (OLS)Directory ServicesGeocoding ServicesNavigation ServicesGateway ServicesData Services資料服務Feature AcceGML (geography markup language)an XML

14、encoding for the transport and storage of geographic information, including both the spatial and non-spatial properties of geographic features.GMLGML (geography markup languagePortrayal Services繪圖服務Map Portrayal Service (WMS)Coverage Portrayal Services (CPS)Mobile Presentation ServicesPortrayal Serv

15、ices繪圖服務Map PorWMS (web map service)從多個雲端異質資料來源（heterogeneous sources）產生並展現空間對位（registered）且可以套疊的GIS圖形提供三種操作 (GetCapabilities, GetMap, and GetFeatureInfo)WMS (web map service)RITI OnlineRITI OnlineRITI Online行政界中研院QuickBird影像網際網路RITI Online行政界中研院QuickBird影像網際Local dataWeb data serviceLocal dataWeb d

16、ata serviceProcessing Services功能服務從網路上獲得事先程式化的GIS功能，對GIS資料進行處理或分析處理或分析所需的資料可以從網路上獲得，或與功能包裹在一起例如 :Coordinate Transformation ServicesImage Processing ServicesGeospatial Analysis ServicesGazetteersProcessing Services功能服務從網路上獲得Web Processing ServiceWeb Processing Service空间基础架构SpatialDataInfrastructureSD

17、I课件河川 門牌路網地址對位座標轉換空間查詢門牌路網地籍其他資料目錄詮釋資料地址對位服務座標轉換服務河川 門牌路網地址對位座標轉換空間查詢門牌路網地籍其他資料目GIS的發展mainframeDesktopClient/ServerGIS的發展mainframeDesktopClient/SWeb ServiceCloud Web ServiceWeb ServiceCloud Web Service雲端服務雲端服務雲端服務軟體服務(SaaS)應用雲Software as a Servicecomprises end-user applications delivered as a servic

18、e rather than as traditional, on-premises software. Google Docs、Gmail，微軟的Live Mail，Amazon EC2ArcGIS Online雲端服務軟體服務(SaaS)空间基础架构SpatialDataInfrastructureSDI课件雲端服務平台服務 (PaaS)平台雲Platform as a Serviceprovides an application platform, or middleware, as a service on which developers can build and deploy custom applications. iPhone的App Store、Google提供Android平台、GeoWare Google Map API、Arc