2022年考研《英语一》试题及答案(卷二)

1、百度文库百度文库-赵德林作品百度文库百度文库-赵德林作品2022 年考研英语一试题及答案（卷二）The purpose of an interview is to find out if your goals and the goals of an organization are compatible.Other goals of theintervieware：to answer questions any additional information needed to make a decision ，accent your special strengths ，establish a

2、 positive w and ol dne， place yourself in the role of the interviewer and develop anticipated questions and answers to three categories：company data，personal specific job data.You also develop questions which you will ask to determine how well your career goals match the needs of the organization.Th

3、ese questions include both those you would ask before a job offer and those you would ask after a joboffer.Prior to the yourself with the laws pertaining to job discrimination.This knowledge will enhance your chances of being considered on an equal standing with other applicants.To develop prepare f

4、or the interview.Focus on how you can best serve the organization to which you are applying.Then rehearse until the rough edges are smoothed and you sound convincing to those with whom you have practiced.Since the interview will center on you，proper self-managementprocess is divided into four before

5、 greeting the consultation stage， and the departure stage.The before stageincludes writing a confirmation letter，concentrating on appearanceand nonverbal communication ， developing your portfolio ，anticipating questions with positive responses，and arriving early.The greeting stage includes greeting

6、everyone courteously，using waiting-room smarts， using your time wisely，and applying proper protocol when meeting the interviewer.The consultation stage includes responsiveness and enthusiasm，knowing when to interject key sincerity， highlighting your listening intently.The departure stage includes le

7、aving on a positive interest ， leaving promptly ， and making notes immediately after departure.To save time and money and offer convenience to prospective employees and employers，video taping and satellite videophones may become a common method of interviewing.Being at ease in front of a camera woul

8、d be important for these types of interviews.Following the thank-you letters to each person who interviewed you and to those who helped you get the interview.When invited for a second interview，go prepared by using your notes and feedback from the interview to zero in on what the company wants.If th

9、e company respond in two weeks，call back or write a follow-up letter.You may get turned down.If to find out why as a means of self-improvement.Following a job offer，take a few days to consider all elements and then call or write a letter either accepting or declining the whichever is appropriate.If

10、you accept and you are presently write an effective letter of on a positive note.The the first sentence probably means .A in agreement B in conflictC complementary D practicableThe writer advises you tofamiliarize yourself withtheconcerning job discriminationsothat.you can show your prospective empl

11、oyer you have a wide range ofknowledgeyou stand on equal chance of being hired with other applicants to thejobyou will refuse to give answers to any questions against the currentlawsyou know how to behave within the limit of laws at the interviewAt which stage should you emphasize your qualification

12、s forthejob?The beforestage.The greetingstage.The consultationstage.The departurestage.If you are given a second interview ，it is most important for you to.write a thank-you letter to each person who interviewed youlasttimefind out exactly what the company wants ofyoulearn from the last interview an

13、d improveyourselfconsider all the elements that are important for the job 5.The passage is mainlyconcernedwith.how to manage aninterviewhow to apply for a jobvacancyhow an applicant should behave during aninterviewhow to make your private goal compatible with those of an organization参考答案：ABCBADrivin

14、g through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox thatthesnow，coming1 gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while 2 down atreacherous the 3 the view. The might of automated man is 4 . The horses，the powerful electrical systems， the deep

15、-tread tires，all go 5 nothing. One minute the roadfeels 6，and the next the driver is sliding over it ，lightasa7，in apanic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up 8 the rear are going to do. The trucks are like 9 when you have to pass them， not at sixty or seventy 10 you do when the road is

16、 dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. 11 their engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and 12 of ice spray from beneath the wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle 13 your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of 14 for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch 15 inch you move the rear center

17、 wheels，the thefrontwheels，all16too slowly by. Straight ahead you 17 to cut over sharply would send you into a 18 in front of the vehicle. At last，there is 19 enough，and you creep back over， in front of the truck now，but 20 the sound of its engine still thundering in yourears.A up B off C down DonA

18、lies B lays C settles DsendsA blocks B strikes C puffs DcancelsA muted B discovered C doubled DundervaluedA for B with C into DfromA comfortable B weak C risky DfirmA loaf B feather C leaf DfogA beneath B from C under DbeyondA dwarfs B giants C patients DprincessesA what B since C as DthatA So B But

19、 C Or DThenA flakes B flocks C chips DcakesA onto B against C off DalongA snow B earth C room DiceA by B after C for DwithA climbing B crawling C winding DslidingA meanwhile B unless C whereas DforA sheer B mostly C rarely DrightA might B distance C air DpowerA with B like C inside Dupon答案1.C 2.B 3.

20、A 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.AIts plain common sense the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience. plain common sense, but not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotio

21、n. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting, rise and fall independently.People might think that the higher a level of unhappiness, the lower their level of happiness and vice versa. But when researchers measure peoples average levels of happiness and unhappiness, theyoften find little relati

22、onship between the two.The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co-exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life. It suggests, for example, that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you

23、less miserable, but probably make you any happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families. On the other hand, researchers have found happiness appear to be heritage. The capacity for joy

24、is a talent you develop largely for yourself.Psychologists have settled on a working definition ofthefeelinghappiness is a sense of subjective well-being. They have also begun to find out whos happy, who and why. To date, the research t found a simple formula for a happy life, but it has discovered

25、some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to that most desired of feelings.Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment? When we are happy, we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than when we are feeling sad. This doesn t mean, however,that some

26、 people are born to be sad and that s that. Genes maypredispose one to unhappiness, but disposition can be influenced by personalchoice. You can increase your happiness through your own actions.According to the text, it is truethatunhappiness is more inherited than affected byenvironment.happiness a

27、nd unhappiness are mutuallyconditional.unhappiness is subject to external more than internalfactors.happiness is an uncontrollable subjectivefeeling.The author argues that one can achieve happinessbymaintaining it at an averagelevel.escaping miserable occurrences inlife.pursuing it with painstakinge

28、ffort.realizing its coexistence withunhappiness.The phrase “To (Para. 4) can be best replaced byAs aresult.Inaddition.Atpresent.Untilnow.What do you think the author believes about happiness and unhappiness?One feels unhappy owing to his miserableorigin.They are independent but existingconcurrentlyO

29、ne feels happy by participating in moreactivities.They are actions and attitudes taken by humanbeings.The sentence “Thats that” (Para. 5) probably means: Some people are born to besadand the situation cannot bealtered.and happiness remainsinaccessible.but they dont think much aboutit.but they remain

30、 unconscious ofit.参考答案：A C D B AWhen you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, its amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may desp

31、ise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment.We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such u

32、niversal interest? Don t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people

33、 apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite asbarbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighti

34、ng, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of the sporting spirit is sheer hypoc

35、risy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to payvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.Aworldheavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifte

36、en. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture andviolence.Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much?You may well ask. Theanswer issimple: they are uncivilized. For centuriesmanhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfsp

37、irituallyand emotionally - admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Soc

38、ial welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have comeabout not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest ins

39、trument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.It can be inferred from the passage that

40、the author s opinionofnowadays human beings isnot very high. B.high.C. contemptuous. D. critical.The main idea of this passageisvicious and dangerous sports should be banned bylaw.people are willing to pay vast sums money to seeviolence.to compare two different attitudes towards dangeroussports.peop

41、le are bloodthirsty insports.That the author mentions the old RomansisTo compare the old Romans with people.to give anexample.to show human beings in the past know nothingbetter.to indicate human beings are used tobloodthirsty.How many dangerous sports does the author mention in thispassage?Three.Fi

42、ve.Six.Seven.The purpose of the author in writing this passageisthat, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve ourselves.that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve thelaw.that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.to show law is the main instrument

43、 of socialchange.参考答案：A A D B AScientists have known since 1952 that DNA is the basic stuff of heredity. Theyve known its chemical structure since 1953. They know that human DNA acts like a biological computer program some 3 billion bits long that spells out the instructions for making proteins ， th

44、e basic building blocks of life.But everything the genetic engineers have accomplished during the past half-century is just a preamble to the work that Collins and Anderson and legions of colleagues are doing now. Collins leads the Human Genome a 15-year effort to draw the first detailed mapof every

45、 nook and cranny and gene in human DNA. Anderson， who pioneered thefirst successful humangene-therapy operations， is leading the campaign to put information about DNA to use as quickly as possible in the treatment and prevention of humandiseases.What they and other researchers are plotting is nothin

46、g less than a biomedical revolution. Like Silicon Valley pirates reverse-engineering a computer chip to steal a competitors genetic engineers are decoding lifes molecular secrets and trying to use that knowledge to reverse the natural course of disease. DNA in their hands has become bothablueprintan

47、dadrug， apharmacologicalsubstanceof extraordinary potency that can treat not just symptoms or the diseases that cause them but also the imperfections in DNA that make people susceptible to adisease.And thats just the beginning. For all the fevered work being done， science is still far away from the

48、Brave New World vision of engineering a perfect humanor even a perfect tomato. Much more research is needed before gene therapybecomescommonplace， many diseases will take decades to conquer ， if they can be conquered at all.In the short run，the most practical way to use the new technology will be in

49、 genetic screening. Doctors will be able to detect all sorts of flaws in DNA long before they can be fixed. In some cases the knowledgemay leadto treatments that delay the onset of the disease or soften its effects. Someone with a genetic predisposition to heart disease， for could follow a low-fat d

50、iet. And if scientists determine that a vital protein is missing because the gene that was supposed to make it is they might be able to give the patient an artificial version of the protein. But in other almost nothing can be done to stop the ravages brought on by genetic mutations.It can be inferre

51、d from the text that Collins and Anderson and legions of colleagues .know that human DNA acts like a biological computerprogramhave found the basic building blocks oflifehave accomplished some genetic discovery during the past half-centuryare making a breakthrough inDNACollins and Anderson are cited

52、 in the text to indicate all the followingEXCEPTthat.time-consuming effort is needed to accomplish the detailed map of in humanDNAhuman gene-therapy operations may be applied to thepatientsgene-therapy now is already generally used to the treatment and prevention of humandiseasesinformation about DN

53、A may be used in the treatment and prevention of humandiseasesThe word (line paragraph 3) means.one who robs at sea or plunders the land from theseaone who makes use of or reproduces the work of another withoutauthorizationto take (something) bypiracytomakeuseoforreproduce(anotherswork)authorization

54、We can draw a conclusion from thetextthat.engineering a perfect human is not feasible for the timebeingits impossible for scientists to engineer a perfecttomatomany diseases will never be conquered by humanbeingsdoctors will be able to cure all sorts of flaws in DNA in the longrunThe best title for

55、the textmaybe.DNA andHeredityThe GeneticRevolutionA BiomedicalRevolutionHow to Apply GeneticTechnology参考答案：D C B A BAt Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbolofone of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder tha

56、t left her without a functioning immune system (the “bubble-boy disease，”named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterileplastictent)， she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very in the genes of her white blo

57、od cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992， she is completely healthy with normal immune function， according to one of the doctors who treated her ， W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hem

58、ophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. “There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease，” Anderson “within 50Its not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Andersons early success. The Nationa

59、l Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005 ， and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that dont cause human disease. “The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse ，” says Ronal

60、d Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. “The cargo is the gene.”At the University of Pennsylvanias Abramson Cancer Center，immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University， researchers a