考研考博-英语-太原科技大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-太原科技大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Idon’tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（）todothattypeofwork.

问题1选项

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】C

【解析】形近词辨析。compatible兼容的；convenient方便的；consistent始终如一的，坚持的；competent胜任的；有能力的。句意：我认为约翰逊不能胜任他的新工作，因为他没有一直坚持做那种类型的工作。选项C符合句意。

试题答案C

2.单选题

Millionairescanbreatheabiteasier.WhilePresidentBarackObamasayshewantstoletincometaxcutsthatbenefitonlythewealthiestAmericansexpirein2013,severalstatesarerollingbacktaxincreasesfortopearners.

NewYork’shighesttaxratesonincomesexceeding$500,000willfallbackto7.85percent,from8.97percent,thisyear.Maryland’s6.25percenttaxonincomesabove$1millionexpiredattheendof2010,whileCalifornia’stoptaxrateforMillionaireshasdroppedto10.3percentfrom10.55percent.

Atleastsevenstatesinstitutedtemporaryso-calledmillionairetaxesduringtherecession.Thoseleviesarebecominghardertojustifynowthatstaterevenuesarerebounding.Overall,statetaxrevenuegrew12percentinAprilcomparedwithayearearlier,whichmaytrim$20billionfromestimatedstatesbudgetshortfall,accordingtoarecentGoldmanSachs(GS)report.Thesoak-the-richdrive“justpeteredout”,saysJosephHenchman,vicepresidentforlegalandstateprojectsattheTaxFoundationinWashington,agroupfocusedonloweringtaxes.“Allofthesestatesarebackingawaynow.”

Businessgroupshavebeenvocalopponentsofthetemporaryhikes.TheBusinessCouncilofNewYorkStatehasopposedeffortstomaintainthetaxincreaseonthegroundsthatsuchmeasuresareanindirecttaxonbusinessincome.MorebusinessownerswhoarepaidbypartnershipsorScorporationsreportbusinessincomeontheirindividualreturns.KennethJ.Pokalsky,theBusinessCouncil’sseniordirectorofgovernmentaffairs,says25percentofrevenuegeneratedfromthestate’staxonhigherearnerscamefrombusinessincome.InCalifornia,theSiliconValleyLeadershipGroup,whosemembersincludeBankofAmerica(BAC),Apple(AAPL),andMicrosoft(MSFT),alongwith12otherbusinessgroups,havetoldlawmakersthattaxincreasesshouldbeextendedonlyiflawmakersagreeto“structuralreform”ofthebudget.

Republicans,whotypicallyopposetaxhikes,nowholdamajorityofgovemorships-29-andmanywereelectedlastyearaftercampaigningagainsttaxincreases.NewJerseygovernorChrisChristie,aRepublican,receivednationalattentionaftervetoingabillthatwouldhaveextendedataxonmillionairesinthestate.

SomeDemocratsarealsofightingthehighertaxes.NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomosparkedabattlewithfellowpartymembersinthelegislatureearlierthisyearbyopposinglegislationthatwouldmaintainthehigherratesonindividualsearningmorethan$1million.MarylandGovernorMartinO’Malley,aDemocrat,didn’tpushtoextendhisState’smillionairetaxlastyear.“Iwouldliketothinkit’sbecausethesearenotverygoodpolicies,”Henchmansays,“Ifyou’reaconservative,youdon’treallylikethesetaxes.Ifyou’realiberal,theseservicesshouldbesoimportantthateveryoneshouldhavetopayforthem”.

TheAmericanpublicisalmostevenlydividedonthequestionsofwhetherthewealthyshouldshoulderahighertaxburden.AGalluppollreleasedonJune2found49percentrespondentsopposedhighertaxesontherich,while47percentsupportedthem.

31.BarackObamawantsto________.

32.________isoneofthepossiblereasonswhystaterevenuesrevived?

33.WhatcanbeinferredfromJosephHenchman’swords?

34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSiliconValleyLeadershipGroupiscorrect?

35.Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?

问题1选项

A.cutincometaxin2013

B.extendmillionairetaxto2013

C.benefitthewealthiestAmericansbycuttingincometax

D.rollbacktaxincreasesfortopearners

问题2选项

A.Initiatingtemporarymillionairetaxesduringthedepression

B.Levyingtaxonatleastsevenstatesinstitutions

C.Trimming$20billionfromstatebudget

D.Estimatingstatebudgetshortfalls

问题3选项

A.Thestatethatinstitutedmillionairetaxesaregoingtoabolishit.

B.Allofthesesatesarefocusingonthesoak-the-richdrivenow.

C.Thesoak-the-richdrivehasjuststartedout.

D.Onlyahandfulofthesestatesarefocusingonloweringtaxes.

问题4选项

A.Itwas15membersintotal.

B.Itagreestoextendtaxincrease.

C.Itproposedtomakea“structuralreform”ofthebudget.

D.Itwouldagreetheextensionoftaxincreaseprovidedthatlawmakersagreeto“structuralreform”ofthebudget.

问题5选项

A.TheWealthyAreWillingtoShoulderaHigherTaxBurden

B.ObamaIsProposinganIncomeTaxCut

C.ObamaIsProposinganIncomeTaxCutExtension

D.StatesAreRejectingMillionaireTaxes

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】31.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句WhilePresidentBarackObamasayshewantstoletincometaxcutsthatbenefitonlythewealthiestAmericansexpirein2013,severalstatesarerollingbacktaxincreasesfortopearners.（奥巴马总统说，他希望让只惠及美国富人的所得税减免政策在2013年到期，而几个州正在减少对高收入者的增税。），可知D选项“减少对富人的增税”正确。A选项“2013年削减所得税”，B选项“延长百万富翁的税至2013年”和C选项“通过削减所得税使最富有的美国人受益”不符合文章内容，故错误。因此D选项正确。

32.事实细节题。根据第三段第一句Atleastsevenstatesinstitutedtemporaryso-calledmillionairetaxesduringtherecession.（在经济衰退期间，至少有7个州设立临时“百万富翁税”。）和第三句Overall,statetaxrevenuegrew12percentinAprilcomparedwithayearearlier,whichmaytrim$20billionfromestimatedstatesbudgetshortfall（总体而言，4月份的州政府税收收入同比增长12%，这可能会从州预算缺口中削减200亿美元。），可知A选项“在大萧条期间开始征收临时百万富翁税”促进州的财政收入复苏，故正确。B选项“对至少七个州的机构征税”错误，C选项“从州预算中削减200亿美元”和D选项“估计国家预算赤字”不符合文章内容。因此A选项正确。

33.事实细节题。根据第三段最后两句Thesoak-the-richdrive“justpeteredout”…“Allofthesestatesarebackingawaynow.”（向富人征税的运动“正在逐渐消失”……“所有这些州都在后退。”），可知A选项“设立百万富翁税的州将废除它”正确。B选项“所有这些州现在都在关注向富人征税”，C选项“榨取富人的运动刚刚开始”和D选项“这些州中只有少数集中在降低税收上”不符合文章内容，故错误。因此A选项正确。

34.事实细节题。根据第四段最后一句InCalifornia,theSiliconValleyLeadershipGroup,whosemembersincludeBankofAmerica(BAC),Apple(AAPL),andMicrosoft(MSFT),alongwith12otherbusinessgroups,havetoldlawmakersthattaxincreasesshouldbeextendedonlyiflawmakersagreeto“structuralreform”ofthebudget.（在加州，包括美国银行、苹果和微软在内的硅谷领导小组以及其他12个商业团体向议员们表示，只有在议员们同意对预算进行“结构性改革”的情况下，才应该延长增税。），可知D选项“如果立法者同意对预算进行结构性改革，将同意延长增税”正确。A选项“总共有15个成员”，C选项“提议对预算进行结构性改革”和B选项“同意延长增税”不符合文章内容，故错误。因此D选项正确。

35.主旨大意题。文章第一句提出Millionairescanbreatheabiteasier.（百万富翁们可以松一口气了。），后面的内容在表达各个州在减少对富人的征税，所以D选项“各州拒绝向百万富翁征税”正确。A选项“富人愿意承担更高的税收负担”不符合文章内容，故错误。B选项“奥巴马提议削减所得税”和C选项“奥巴马提议延长所得税减免”：文章主要不是在讲奥巴马的提议，并且不符合文章内容，故错误。因此D选项正确。

3.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

Myeldestdaughter,anInternetconsultant,isonly30,butshehasalreadylivedinfivedifferenthousesinfivedifferentplacesandhashadaboutsixdifferentjobs.EverytimeIvisither,Inoticehowmanynewthingsthereareinherhouse,andhowmanythingslieunused,outofdate.Whatisevenmorestrikingishowmanythingstherearewhicharenotexpectedtolast—disposablethings.Disposableplatesandglasses,disposabletowelsandbabies,nappies(尿布).Itsometimesseemsthatweliveinanageofthedisposable.

（1）Thisphenomenonofconstantchangerunsthrougheverythinginlifenowadays,fromfashiontomusic,frommedicinetomotorcars,fromeducationtoemployment.Twoimportantfactorsseemtobedrivingthesechanges.Thefirstistherapidgrowthinknowledgeandtheconsequentrapiddevelopmentoftechnology.Thesecondistherevolutionincommunications,whichmeansthatknowledgeisspreadfasterandmorewidelythanever.Ourtimesareoftencalled“theinformationage”andtheeffectistobringabout“theknowledgeeconomy”.Newtechnologiesandnewknowledgebringabouttheneedfornewskills.（2）

Thespeedwithwhichthesetechnologiesarebeingcreatedissuchthatallofusarefacedwiththechallengeoflearningnewskills,notjustonce,butseveraltimes.Whatweknewyesterdayisoftenobsoletetoday.

Iremembermydaughtersayingtothatshewasat“thecuttingedge”ofherparticularfield.Butwithinfiveyears,shesaid,shewouldhavetodosomethingnewanddifferenttokeepup.Thereisagreatneedforflexibilityandproblem-solvingthanbefore.Tasksrequireagreaterintegrationofskills.

（3）Therewardsoflifegotothemulti-skilled,toflexibleteamsofworkerseachcapableofcontributinginarangeofways.

（4）Tosucceedinthisnewworldofwork,individualswillhavetoregardtheircareersnotjustasaprocessofgatheringexperience,butasaprocessoflearningnewthingsonanalmostcontinuousbasis.Allthissuggeststomethattherelationshipbetweeneducationandemploymenthaschangedradicallyoverthelastfewyears.

（5）OnecouldsummarizethechangebysayingthatwhenIlearnedthingsinordertoachievelife-longemploymentwhilemychildrenneedtopursuelife-longlearninginordertostayemployed.

【答案】1.这种不断变化的现象如今贯穿着生活中的一切，从时装到音乐，从医药到“摩托车”，从教育到就业。

2.创造技术的速度是这样的，我们大家都面临着不只是一次，而是多次地学习新技能的挑战。

3.生活的奖赏趋向多种技能，以及每个职工在一个灵活的团队能够在多方面做出贡献。

4.为了在这种新的工作世界中成功，个人将不得不考虑自己的事业不仅是一种收集经验的过程，也是一个连续不断地学习新事物的过程。

5.人们可以总结说，我学东西是为了获得终生的就业机会，而我的孩子则需要终生学习，以维持就业。

4.单选题

Jennies,theformerchairmanoftheoilcompany,criticizesseverelyhis（

）whosefalsejudgmentledthecompanytobankruptcy.

问题1选项

A.successor

B.offspring

C.predecessor

D.forefather

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。successor意为“接替者，继任者，接替的人或事物”；offspring意为“后代，子孙”；predecessor意为“前任，前辈”；forefather意为“祖先，祖宗”。由theformerchairman（前董事长）可推测空格处指的他的继任者，因此选A。

句意：前石油公司董事长詹尼尔斯严厉批评他的继任者，他的错误判断导致公司破产。

5.单选题

Whatmakesbasketballthemost（）ofsportsishowthesestylesdonotnecessarilyclash.

问题1选项

A.aspiring

B.intriguing

C.conspiring

D.famous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。aspiring“有抱负的”；intriguing“有趣的”；conspiring“协力的”；famous“著名的”。句意：篮球成为最有趣的运动的原因是这些风格不会冲突。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Youmustfacethefactthatinyourinmostheartyouhatethethoughtofmoving.Itiseasiestnottoleavetheroomswhereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.

Until,suddenlyoneday,thedistanceisabsoluteandtheyaregrownupandgone.Thenyoufindyourselflivingintoolargeahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.Whenwefoundourselvesinthissituationafewyearsago,wedeterminedtomovewhilewestillhadthestrengthandbeforetheemotionaltentacles（触角）thattheoldhousehadwrappedaroundusbecametoopowerfultobebroken.Movewhileyoucan!Butbesureyoureallywantto,anddonotmovetoooften.Itisanexhaustingprocess.

Yourfirsttaskistofindahousethatwillsuityou.Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture,andlocatednottoofarfromtheneighborhoodwheresomanyfriendshipshavebeenbuiltup.

Atlastwefoundone:alateVictoriancottage,inastreetwherethehouses,allsmall,rangefromlate18thtomid20thcentury.Itwasnearenoughtowherewewantedtolive.Ithadnobasement,whichwasagreatconvenienceforaginglegs.Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel:oneforourselvesandonewherefriends,children,andgrandchildrencouldspreadthemselveswhentheycametostay.Eachfloorhadtworooms.Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.

1.Thepassageconcernsbuying（）.

2.Thepassageimpliesthatgrown-upchildrenare（）.

3.Theauthordecidedtomove（）.

4.Theauthoradvisespeopleinhisownsituation（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theirnewhousehad（）.

问题1选项

A.ahouseforanewlymarriedcouple

B.alargehouseforagrowingfamily

C.abetterhousewhenpeoplehavemoremoneytoinvest

D.asmallerhouseforolderpeoplewhosechildrenhavelefthome

问题2选项

A.morefriendlytotheirparentswhentheyaregrownup

B.distantfromtheirparents

C.friendlybutnotveryclose

D.annoying

问题3选项

A.whentheirhousegavethemtoomuchworkandcosttoomuchtorun

B.whentheygrewtiredoftheirhouse

C.whentheysuddenlygotthestrengthtodoso

D.beforethehousecollapsed

问题4选项

A.tomoveintoaverysmallhouse

B.tomovesomewherewherethelargestpossiblepiecesoffurniturewillfit

C.nottomovetoofarfromthemainroad

D.tochoosesomewherenotsonoisy

问题5选项

A.twofloors

B.threefloors

C.fourfloors

D.twobathrooms

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干问：这篇文章提到买（）。D选项“为一个孩子离家的老人买一栋小房子”，定位到倒数第二段，第二句Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.（它必须更小，更安静，更容易运行，更方便运输。）我们可以看出来这个房子应该是很小的，并且是给老人住的，因此答案是D。A选项“为一对新人买房子”，B选项“为一个不断壮大的家庭买一个大房子”，C选项“当人们有更多资金时买一栋更好的房子”。

2.判断推理题。题干问：文章暗示长大的孩子会（）。C选项“更加友好但是不那么亲近”，答案定位到第一段whereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.（在这里，你的孩子在一个友好但有点疏远的社区里度过了美好的童年和令人讨厌的少年。）我们可以得出，孩子长大后变得更友好，但是也和父母有了距离，因此答案为C。A选项“在他们长大之后对他们的父母更好”，B选项“和父母会产生距离”，D选项“烦人的”。

3.事实细节题。题干问：作者决定搬家（）。A选项“当他们的房子带给他们太多的家务并且需要花费很多去打理”，根据题干我们定位到第二段ahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.（它消耗了太多的精力和金钱来维护。）因此答案为A。B选项“当他们厌倦了他们现在的房子”，C选项“当他们突然有能力去搬家了”，D选项“在房子倒塌之前”。

4.事实细节题。题干问：作者建议处于像他这种情况的人（）。B选项“搬到能装下最大家具的地方”，定位到第三段Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture（不过也不是太小，不能很好地摆放你最大的家具），因此作者建议这样人们搬到一个能放得下自己最大家具的房子，不一定要很小，答案为B。A选项“搬进去一个非常小的房子”，C选项“不要搬到离主路太远的地方”，D选项“选一个不那么吵的地方”。

5.事实细节题。题干问：根据原文，这个新房子有（）。A选项“两层”，定位到最后一段Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel（只有地上两层），我们可以得出这个房子只有两层；Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.（一楼有一间厨房，上面是浴室。）通过最后一句话我们可以得出，只有一个洗手间，因此答案为A。B选项“三层”，C选项“四层”，D选项“两个卫生间”。

7.单选题

—When（）andvisitourexhibitionnextmonth?

—When（），Iwillletyouknow.

问题1选项

A.willhecome;hewillcome

B.willhecome;hecomes

C.doeshecome;hewillcome

D.doesliecome;hecomes

【答案】B

【解析】句意:——下月，他什么吋候来看我们的展出？

——他什么吋候来，我会告诉你吋间。

语法题。考查时态。第一句是特殊疑问句，而且根据句中的时间状语是“nextmonth”：就确定了这句话应该使用一般将来吋，然而，第二句是由when引导的吋间状语从句，在吋间状语从句中只能用一般现在吋表示一般将来时。

8.单选题

（）afterbeinginthearmyfortwoyears.

问题1选项

A.Joecouldn’twaitforhisreturntohishome

B.TherewasastrongdesireonJoe’sparttoreturnhome

C.Joewaseagertoreturnhome

D.Joewantedhomebadly

【答案】A

【解析】考查句型结构辨析。A选项“Joecouldn’twaitforhisreturntohishome”（乔迫不及待地要回家了）；B选项“TherewasastrongdesireonJoe’sparttoreturnhome”（乔有回家的强烈愿望）；C选项“Joewaseagertoreturnhome”（乔急于回家）；D选项“Joewantedhomebadly”（Joy非常想家），句意：……在军队待了两年之后。结合句意，可知，Joe迫不及待想回家，是一个进行的动作，由此可推测，A选项符合句意。因此答案为A选项。

9.单选题

______aticketforthematch,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.

问题1选项

A.Obtainingnot

B.Notobtaining

C.Nothavingobtained

D.Notobtained

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。由后半句可知“他现在只能在家看电视”，即未买到比赛的票是既成事实，并且此事实对现在产生了影响，因此应该使用现在完成时态。主语he与动词obtain之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词的现在完成时态。因此C选项符合题意。

10.翻译题

人类文化从整体来说，是各国、各民族文化汇聚、交流的产物。现代国际间的文化交流，更是以空前的规模、内容、形式和手段，在直接间接地进行着。

交流促进发展。一个国家、一个民族，只要不是由于主观和客观的种种原因而长期处于孤立、闭塞的状态之中，或多或少都可以从交流中得到好处。

事实上，在现代国家中，绝对不受外来影响的固有文化是不存在的。一位外国的著名历史学家曾经说过：“任何国家的文明，来自外来影响的产物总是多于本国的发明创造。如果有人要把英国文化中任何受外国影响或来源于外国的东西剔除掉，那么，英国的文化就所剩无几了。”

【答案】【参考译文】Takenasawhole,humancultureistheproductofthemergingofandexchangebetweenthecultureofallnationsandnationalities.Moderninternationalculturalexchangegoesdirectlyandindirectlywithitsscale,content,formandmethodbeingunheardofbefore.

Communicationpromotesdevelopment.Acountry,oranation,ifnotinastateofisolationforalongperiodforreasonseithersubjectiveorobjective,willbenefitfromthisexchangetoagreaterorlessextent.

Infact,anintrinsiccultureabsolutelyimmunetoforeigninfluenceisnon-existent.Awell-knownforeignhistorianoncesaid:“Thecivilizationofanycountryismuchmoretheproductofexternalinfluencesthanofnativeinvention.VerylittlewouldremainofEnglishcultureifallitselementswhichhaveaforeignoriginorbearssomeforeigninfluencewereeliminated.”

11.单选题

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

问题2选项

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

问题3选项

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

问题4选项

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

问题5选项

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多，储存随着增多，与B选项表达表述相反；C、D选项在第一段中虽有提及，但都只是一笔带过，因此A选项“石油、天然气和煤炭在能源供应中发挥着重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.（然而，即使石油冲击是真正的危险，建造核反应堆并不是避免它的好方法）可知选C。

第3题:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知与A选项相符（虽然不是一种好的方法，但也属于一种方法）；第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B选项相符；第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower与D选项相符。通过排除法，选C，只有C选项没有在文章中提及。

第4题:词义题。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults（在大气中放太多的碳，你可能最终会……可能会造成灾难性的后果）的句意，可知A选项“地球变得越来越暖，好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料点燃”最为恰当。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲了石油、天然气和煤炭在能源供应中发挥着重要作用；第二段主要讲了石油的重要性及影响，提出了建造核反应堆应对石油危机的想法，因此排除A；第三段主要讲了减少拥堵和污染的方法，以及更便宜的核能替代品；最后一段主要讲了应对气候变化最好的方式是向天然气转变，因此B选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Theworld’sgreatestsnow-cappedpeaks,whichruninachainfromtheHimalayastoTianShan（1）theborderofChinaandKyrgyzstan,havelostnoice（2）thelastdecade,newresearchshows.

Thediscoveryhasstunnedscientists,who（3）thataround50bntonsofmeltwater（4）eachyearandnotbeingreplacedbynewsnowfall.

Thestudyisthefirsttosurveyalltheworld’sicecapsandglaciersandwasmade（5）bytheuseofsatellitedata.Overall,thecontributionofmeltingiceoutsidethetwolargestcaps一GreenlandandAntarctica—ismuch（6）thanpreviouslyestimated，withthelackoficelossintheHimalayasandtheotherhighpeaksofAsia（7）mostofthediscrepancy.

BristolUniversityglaciologistProfJonathanBamber,whowasnotpartoftheresearchteam,said,“TheveryunexpectedresultwasthenegligiblemasslossfromhighmountainAsia,whichisnot（8）differentfromzero.”

ThemeltingofHimalayanglacierscaused（9）in2009whenareportfromtheUN’sintergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangemistakenlystatedthattheywoulddisappearby2035,insteadof2350.（10

），thescientistwholedthenewworkisclearthatwhilegreateruncertaintyhasbeendiscoveredinAsia’shighestmountains,themeltingoficecapsandglaciersaroundtheworld（11

）aseriousconcern.

“Ourresultsandthoseofeveryoneelseshowwearelosingahugeamountofwaterintotheoceanseveryyear,”saidProfJohnWahroftheUniversityofColorado.“Peopleshouldbejustasworriedaboutthemeltingoftheworld’siceastheywerebefore.”

Histeam’sstudy,publishedinthejournalNature,concludesthatbetween443-629bntonsofmeltwateroverallareaddedtotheworld’soceanseachyear.Thisis（12

）sealevelbyabout1.5mmayear,theteamreports,（13

）the2mmayearcausedbyexpansionofthewarmingocean.

Thescientistsarecarefultopointoutthatlower-altitudeglaciersintheAsianmountainranges—sometimesdubbedthe“thirdpole”—are（14

）melting.Satelliteimagesandreportsconfirmthis.Butoverthestudyperiodfrom2003-10enoughicewasaddedtothepeaksto（15

）.

问题1选项

A.on

B.in

C.across

D.over

问题2选项

A.from

B.as

C.upon

D.over

问题3选项

A.believed

B.hadbelieved

C.havebelieved

D.werebelieving

问题4选项

A.werebeingshedding

B.wereshedding

C.werebeingshed

D.wereshed

问题5选项

A.impossible

B.possible

C.unavailable

D.available

问题6选项

A.shorter

B.smaller

C.fewer

D.less

问题7选项

A.inchargeof

B.responsiblefor

C.liablefor

D.causedby

问题8选项

A.significantly

B.meaningfully

/r