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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-九江职业大学押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Passage2Notalllanguageisverbal.Someofourcommunicationoccurswithoutwords.Weoftenuseourentirebodiesforcommunication.Wemayraiseoureyebrowstoindicatesurprise.Perhapswenodourheadstoshowthatweagreewithsomething.Therearehundredsofnonverbalsignalsthatcanbeusedtocommunicate.Thesesignalsarepartoflanguage,andtheyaregovernedbyrulesinthesamewaythatourspokenlanguageis.Forthisreason,peoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesoftenusedifferentnonverbalsignalsaswell.

Inadditiontoverbalcommunicationandthetypeofnonverbalcommunicationdiscussedabove,thereareothermessagesystemsthatweusetocommunicate.Whenwespeaktosomepeople,wemaystandveryclosetothemwhilewemaystandfarawayfromotherpeople.Useofspace,then,isawaywecancommunicatetherelationshipwefeelwithanotherperson.Thewaywedresscanalsocommunicateforus.ThepersonwhowearsdirtyjeansandaT-shirtcommunicatesadifferentattitudefromapersonwhowearsneattrousersandanattractiveshirt.

Wecanevenusetimetocommunicate.Thepersonwhoisontimeforanappointmentshowsadifferentattitudefromthepersonwhoisanhourlate.Canyouthinkofothermessagesystemsthatweuse?

26.Language,accordingtothepassage,isactually______.

27.Nonverbalsignals______.

28.WhatdoestheauthortellusabouttheT-shirt?

29.Peoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage______.

30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofnonverbalcommunication?

问题1选项

A.verbalonly

B.verbalandnonverbalaswell

C.totallynonverbal

D.verbalcommunicationratherthannonverbalsignals

问题2选项

A.havefewrules

B.arelessusefulthanspeech

C.areoftenusedincommunication

D.areentirelyseparatefromlanguage

问题3选项

A.Itisakindofinformalclothing.

B.Itisacceptedonformaloccasions.

C.Itispopularoncampusonly.

D.Itisadmiredbyeducatedpeople.

问题4选项

A.havenononverbalsignalsincommon

B.cannotunderstandanynonverbalsignals

C.havedifferentnonverbalsignals

D.usethesamenonverbalsignalsinanycase

问题5选项

A.Thoughts.

B.Time.

C.Appearance.

D.Space.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】26.【选项释义】

26.Language,accordingtothepassage,isactually______.26.根据这篇文章,语言实际上______。

A.verbalonlyA.只是言语的

B.verbalandnonverbalaswellB.是言语的和非言语的

C.totallynonverbalC.是完全非言语的

D.verbalcommunicationratherthannonverbalsignalsD.是口头交流而不是非言语信号

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第一段前三句内容“并不是所有的语言都是口头的。我们的有些交流是不需要言语的。我们经常用整个身体来交流。”可知,语言包括口头语言和肢体上的语言,所以语言实际上是言语的和非言语的,故该题选择B项“是言语的和非言语的”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“只是言语的”,并不是所有的语言都是口头的,该项属于反向干扰;

C项“是完全非言语的”,语言包括言语和非言语,该项属于反向干扰;

D项“是口头交流而不是非言语信号”,根据第一段倒数第二句“这些信号是语言的一部分,它们和我们的口语一样受到了规则的支配”可知,非言语信号也是语言,该项属于反向干扰。

27.【选项释义】

27.Nonverbalsignals______.27.非言语信号______。

A.havefewrulesA.没有什么规则

B.arelessusefulthanspeechB.不如言语有用

C.areoftenusedincommunicationC.经常用于交流

D.areentirelyseparatefromlanguageD.完全独立于语言

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第一段第三句“我们经常用整个身体来交流”可知,身体交流属于非言语信号,也就是说非言语信号经常用于交流,该题选择C项“经常用于交流”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“没有什么规则”根据第一段倒数第二句“这些信号是语言的一部分,它们和我们的口语一样受到了规则的支配”可知,非言语信号也受到了规则的支配,该项属于反向干扰;

B项“不如言语有用”,文中没有提到非言语信号不如言语有用,并且第一段第二句指出“我们的一些交流是不需要言语的”,所以该项属于反向干扰;

D项“完全独立于语言”文中没有提到,该项属于无中生有。

28.【选项释义】

28.WhatdoestheauthortellusabouttheT-shirt?28.关于T恤,作者告诉了我们什么?

A.Itisakindofinformalclothing.A.这是一种非正式的服装。

B.Itisacceptedonformaloccasions.B.在正式场合是可以接受的。

C.Itispopularoncampusonly.C.它只在校园里流行。

D.Itisadmiredbyeducatedpeople.D.它受到受过教育的人的赞赏。

【答案】A

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段最后一句“穿脏的牛仔裤和T恤的人与穿整洁的裤子和漂亮的衬衫的人传达的是不同的态度”可知,穿脏牛仔裤和T恤与穿整洁的裤子和漂亮的衬衫的人传达了不同的态度,那么可推断,穿T恤是一种非正式的服装,而穿整洁的裤子和漂亮的衬衫则是正式服装,该题选择A项“这是一种非正式的服装”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“在正式场合是可以接受的”与原文相反,该项属于反向干扰;

C项“它只在校园里流行”和D项“它受到受过教育的人的赞赏”文中没有提到,这两项属于无中生有。

29.【选项释义】

29.Peoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage______.29.说不同语言的人______。

A.havenononverbalsignalsincommonA.没有共同的非言语信号

B.cannotunderstandanynonverbalsignalsB.不能理解任何非言语信号

C.havedifferentnonverbalsignalsC.有不同的非言语信号

D.usethesamenonverbalsignalsinanycaseD.在任何情况下都要使用相同的非言语信号

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段最后一句“说不同语言的人也经常使用不同的非言语信号”可知,说不同语言的人有不同的非言语信号,该题选择C项“有不同的非言语信号”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“没有共同的非言语信号”、B项“不能理解任何非言语信号”和D项“在任何情况下都要使用相同的非言语信号”文中没有提及,这三项属于无中生有。

30.【选项释义】

30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofnonverbalcommunication?30.下列哪一项没有被提到作为一种非言语交际的形式?

A.Thoughts.A.思想。

B.Time.B.时间。

C.Appearance.C.外表。

D.Space.D.空间。

【答案】A

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第二段倒数第二三句“因此,利用空间是我们与他人沟通感情的一种方式。我们的穿着方式也可以为我们传达信息。”,以及第三段第一句“我们甚至可以用时间来交流”可知,空间、穿着和时间都是非言语交际的形式,只有思想没有提到,故该题选择A项“思想”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】B项“时间”、C项“外表”和D项“外表”都是非言语交际的形式,这三项属于反向干扰。

2.不定项选择题

ParadiseLostisMilton’smasterpiece.ItsstoryistakenfromtheBible,about“thefallofman”,thatis,howAdamandEvearetemptedbySatantodisobeyGodbyeatingtheforbiddenfruitfromtheTreeofKnowledge,andhowtheyarepunishedbyGodanddrivenoutofParadise.InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”,butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem.BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’s(清教徒的)revoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch.

InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler,seatedonathronewithagroupofangelsabouthimsingingsongstopraisehim.Hislongspeechesarenotpleasingatall.HeiscruelandunjustinpunishingSatan.Hisangelsarestupid.ButSatanisbyfarthemoststrikingcharacterinthepoem,whorisesagainstGodand,thoughdefeated,stillpersistsinhisfighting.

AdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman.Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtoanintelligentandactivelife.IthasbeennotedbymanycriticsthatMilton’srevolutionaryfeelingsmakeshimforgetreligiousdoctrines.TheangelswhosurroundtheGodneverthinkofexpressinganyopinionsoftheirown,andtheyneverseemtohaveanyopinionsoftheirown.TheimageofGodsurroundedbysuchangelsresemblesthecourtofanabsolutemonarch.ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament.

1.Thispassageismostprobably(

).

2.Accordingtothepassage,Milton(

).

3.Inthepoem,Satanisdescribedas(

).

4.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthispassage?

5.Accordingtothispassage,ParadiseLostiswrittenforthepurposeof(

).

问题1选项

A.areviewofMilton’sParadiseLost

B.anintroductionofwhatParadiseLostisabout

C.adepictionofthecruelnessoftheBritishruler

D.partofanintroductiontoEnglishliterature

问题2选项

A.describesSatanasaPuritan

B.doesn’tbelieveinGod

C.issatisfiedwiththeBritishruler

D.callsonpeopletofightagainstthedictator

问题3选项

A.anevilperson

B.contrarytowhatisdepictedintheBible

C.aselfishandcrueldevil

D.astupidghost

问题4选项

A.IfAdamandEvehadnoteatentheforbiddenfruit,humanbeingwouldbeignorantuntilnow.

B.Godactslikeadictator.

C.Satanandhisfollowersareparliamentmembersinthepoem.

D.Theangelsaredepictedasstupidinthepoem.

问题5选项

A.praisingGodforthecreationoftheworld

B.criticizingthecruelnessofBritishruler

C.changingpeople’sunfavorableimpressionofSatan

D.expressinghissupportforthefightofSatan

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。A选项“弥尔顿《失乐园》的书评”;B选项“对《失乐园》内容的介绍”;C选项“对英国残暴统治者的描写”;D选项“英国文学导论的一部分”。全文都是围绕《失乐园》来展开的,第一段是对《失乐园》的简介以及作者写这本书的目的;第二段描述了上帝和撒旦的性格以及他们有什么现实象征;最后一段写了亚当和夏娃象征意义还表达了作者自己的看法。由此可见答案选A。

第2题:判断推理题。A选项“弥尔顿把撒旦描述成了清教徒”;B选项“不信上帝”;C选项“对英国统治者很满意”;D选项“号召人们反对独裁者”。根据第二段第一句话InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler(在这首诗中,上帝不过是一个残忍自私的统治者)以及第三段第一句AdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman(亚当和夏娃显示了弥尔顿对人的力量的信仰),由此答案选B。A,D选项文章没有提及,C选项错误。

第3题:判断推理题。A选项“撒旦是坏人”;B选项“和《圣经》描述的不一样”;C选项“一个自私且残酷的恶魔”;D选项“愚蠢的恶鬼”。根据题干定位到文章第一段最后一句话BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’srevoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch(通过描绘撒旦和他的追随者们以及他们的话语和勇敢的行动,弥尔顿表明清教徒反抗独裁者和反对既定的天主教和英国圣公会教堂),从这里可以看出,作者对撒旦的行为是欣赏的,而A、C、D选项都是反义选项,所以答案选B。

第4题:判断推理题。A选项“如果亚当和夏娃没有吃禁果,人类到现在还会无知”;B选项“上帝表现得像独裁者”;C选项“撒旦和他的追随者在诗中是议会成员”;D选项“在这首诗中天使被描绘得很愚蠢”。根据题干定位到第三段第二三句话Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtoanintelligentandactivelife.(上帝不给他们追求知识的机会。正是对知识的渴望为人类开辟了一条通往智慧和积极生活的宽阔道路),由此可以推测,如果不是人类自己努力,上帝是不可能主动给他们带来智慧的,所以A可以推测;定位到第二段第一句话InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler(在这首诗中,上帝不过是一个残忍自私的统治者),从这里便可推测出B选项;定位到第三段最后一句话ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicanParliament(但是撒旦和他的追随者,在会议中自由地讨论所有问题,让我们想起共和党的议会)从这里我们不能推测出撒旦及其追随者是议会成员,只能说作者暗指撒旦及其追随者是现实中的议会成员,所以答案选C;定位到第二段倒数第二句话Hisangelsarestupid(他的天使很愚蠢),从这里就可以知道D。

第5题:判断推理题。A选项“赞美上帝创造了世界”;B选项“批评英国统治者的残暴”;C选项“改变人们对撒旦的不良印象”;D选项“表达他对与撒旦战斗的支持”。定位到第一段第二句话InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”,butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem(用弥尔顿的话说,写这部史诗的目的是“为上帝对待人类的方式辩护”,但显然,弥尔顿在诗中表达了他对统治者残忍的强烈憎恨),由此可知答案选B。A选项错误,因为全文描写的是对上帝的批判,没有赞美上帝;C、D选项文中没有提及。

3.单选题

ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone'sparents.CalledtheMaintenanceofParentsBill,itreceivedthebackingoftheSingaporeGovernment.

Thatdoesnotmeanithasn’tgenerateddiscussion.SeveralmembersoftheParliamentopposedthemeasureasun-Asian.Otherswhoacknowledgedtheproblemoftheelderlypoorbelieveditadisproportionateresponse.Stillothersbelieveitwillsubvertrelationswithinthefamily:cynicsdubbeditthe"SueYourSon”law.

Thosewhosaythatthebilldoesnotpromotefilialresponsibility,ofcourse,areright.Ithasnothingtodowithfilialresponsibility,itkicksinwherefilialresponsibilityfails.Thelawcannotlegislatefilialresponsibilityanymorethanitcanlegislatelove.Allthelawcandoistoprovideasafetynetwherethismoralityprovesinsufficient.Singaporeneedsthisbillnottoreplacemorality,buttoprovideincentivestoshoreitup.

Likemanyotherdevelopednations,Singaporefacestheproblemsofanincreasingproportionofpeopleover60yearsofage.Demographyisinexorable.In1980,7.2%ofthepopulationwasinthisbracket.Bytheturnofthecentury,thatfigurewillgrowto11%.By2030,theproportionisprojectedtobe2%.Theproblemisnotoldage.Itisthattheratioofeconomicallyactivepeopletoeconomicallyinactivepeoplewilldecline.

Butnoamountofgovernmentexhortationorpaternalismwillcompletelyeliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomakeendsmeet.Somepeoplewillfallthroughtheholesinanysafetynet.

Traditionally,aperson'sinsuranceagainstpovertyinhisoldagewashisfamily.Thisisnotrevolutionaryconcept.NorisituniquelyAsianCareandsupportforone'sparentsisauniversalvaluesharedbyallcivilizedsocieties.

TheprobleminSingaporeisthatthemoralobligationtolookafterone'sparentsisunenforceable.Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren,ahusbandcanbeforcedtosupporthiswife.But,untilnow,asonordaughterhadnolegalobligationtosupporthisorherparent.

In1989,anAdvisoryCouncilwassetuptolookintotheproblemsoftheageD.Itsreportstatedwithatingeofcomplacencythat95%ofthosewhodidnothavetheirownincomewerereceivingcashcontributionsfromrelations.Butwhataboutthe5%whoaren’tgettingrelativessupport?Theyhaveseveraloptions:(a)getajobandworkuntiltheydie;(b)applyforpublicassistance(youhavetobedestitutetoapply);or(c)starvequietly.Noneoftheseoptionsissociallyacceptableandwhatifthis5%figuregrows,asitislikelytodo,associetyages?

TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.Thislegislationwillallowapersontoapplytothecourtformaintenancefromanyorallofhischildren.Thecourtwouldhavethediscretiontorefusetomakeanorderifitisunjust.

Thosewhoderidetheproposalforopeningupthecourtstofamilylawsuitsmissthepoint.Onlyinextremecaseswouldanyparenttakehischildtocourt.Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill'seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.

First,itwillreaffirmthenotionthatitiseachindividuals-notsociety's—responsibilitylookafterhisparents.SingaporeisstillconservativeenoughthatmostpeoplewillnotobjecttothisideA.Itreinforcesthetraditionalvaluesanditdoesn’thurtasocietynowandthentoreminditselfofitscorevalues.

Second,andmoreimportantitwillmakethosewhoareinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilitiesthinktwice.Untilnow,ifapersonaskedfamilyelders,clergymenortheministryofcommunityDevelopmenttohelpgetfinancialsupportfromhischildren,themosttheycoulddowastomediate.Butmediatorshavenoteeth,andachildcouldsimplyignoretheirpleas.

Buttobesuedbyone'sparentswouldbeamassivelossofface.ItwouldbeapublicdisgraceFewpeoplewouldbesothick-skinnedastosay:SueandbedamneD.ThehandoftheconciliatorwouldbeimmeasurablystrengtheneD.Itisfarmorelikelythatsomesortofamicablesettlementwouldbereachediftherecalcitrantsonordaughterknowsthatthealternativeisapublictrial.

ItwouldbenicetothinkthatSingaporedoesn'tneedthiskindoflaw.Butthatbeliefignoresthecleardemographictrendsandtheeffectofaffluenceitselfontraditionalbonds.Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.

1.ThemaintenanceofParentsBill().

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

3.Theauthorseemstosuggestthattraditionalvalues().

4.Theauthorthinksthatifthebillbecomeslawitseffectwouldbe().

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoimplythatsuccessoftheBilldependsupon().

问题1选项

A.receivedallpeople'ssupportintheSingaporeParliament

B.wasbelievedtosolvealltheproblemsoftheelderlypoor

C.wasintendedtosubstitutefortraditionalvaluesinSingapore

D.waspassedtomaketheyoungmoreresponsibletotheold

问题2选项

A.FilialresponsibilityinSingaporeisenforcedbylaw

B.Fathershavelegalobligationstomaintaintheirchildren

C.Itisanacceptablepracticefortheoldtocontinueworking

D.TheAdvisoryCouncilwassetupin1990

问题3选项

A.playaninsignificantroleinsolvingsocialproblem

B.arehelpfultotheelderlywhentheysuetheirchildren

C.areveryimportantinpreservingAsianuniqueness

D.aresignificantinhelpingtheBillgetapproved

问题4选项

A.indirect

B.unnoticed

C.apparent

D.unclear

问题5选项

A.strictenforcement

B.publicsupport

C.governmentassurance

D.filialawareness

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。通过题干关键词定位到原文第一句“ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparents.”,中文翻译:“本月,新加坡通过了一项法案,赋予赡养父母的道义义务以法律效力。”因此,综合考虑,选项D为正确答案。

2.细节事实题。通过题干关键词定位到原文“Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren.”,中文翻译:“法律可以强迫一个父亲抚养他的孩子。”因此最佳答案为B选项。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文“TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.”,中文翻译:“赡养父母法案是为了鼓励传统美德,这些美德至今使亚洲国家远离其他富裕社会遭遇到的衰败。”由此可以推断出答案选择C。

4.推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文“Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill’seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.”中文翻译为:如果它真的成为法律,法案的效果将会更加微妙。”以及后文作者写道赡养父母是个人的责任,并非社会的责任,但是有些人碍于情面,不得不重新考虑赡养父母的问题,可知,A项符合题目描述。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到原文最后一句“Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.”,中文翻译为:“我们这些推动该法案的人将认为,如果它能作为一种激励,使其在一开始就不被动用,那么自己是最成功的。”因此综合可知,D选项是其主要原因。

4.单选题

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Doingenjoyablework.

B.Earningacompetitivesalary.

C.Havingfriendlycolleagues.

D.Workingforsupportivebosses.

问题2选项

A.20%.

B.25%.

C.31%.

D.73%.

问题3选项

A.Thosefullofskilledworkers.

B.Thosethatarewellmanaged.

C.Thoserunbywomen.

D.Thoseofasmallsize.

问题4选项

A.Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.

B.Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

C.Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.

D.Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】ConversationOne

W:WelcometoWorkplace,andintoday’sprogramwe’relookingattheresultsoftworecentlypublishedsurveys,whichbothdealwiththesametopic—happinessatwork.John,tellusaboutthefirstsurvey.

M:Well,thiswasdonebyahumanresourcesconsultancywhointerviewedmorethan1,000workers,andestablishedatop10ofthefactorswhichmakepeoplehappyatwork.[1]Themostimportantfactorforthemajorityofthepeopleinterviewedwashavingfriendly,supportivecolleagues.Infact,73%ofpeopleinterviewedputtheirrelationshipwithcolleaguesasthekeyfactorcontributingtohappinessatwork,whichisaveryhighpercentage.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwashavingworkthatisenjoyable.Thetwoleastimportantfactorswerehavingone’sachievementsrecognized,andrathersurprisingly,earningacompetitivesalary.

W:So,we’renotmainlymotivatedbymoney?

M:Apparentlynot.

W:Anyotherinterestinginformationinthesurvey?

M:Yes.Forexample,25%oftheworkingpeopleintervieweddescribedthemselvesas“veryhappy”atwork.However,[2]20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy.

W:That’squitealotofunhappypeopleatworkeveryday.

M:Itis,isn’tit?Andtherewereseveralmoreinterestingconclusionsrevealedbythesurvey.Firstofall,smallisbeautiful.[3]Peopledefinitelypreferworkingforsmallerorganizationsorcompanieswithlessthan100staff.Wealsofindoutthat,generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierintheirworkthanmen.

W:Yes,weare,aren’twe?

M:Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,whoonlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthanthosewhoworkfull-time.[4]Theresearchersconcludedthatthisisprobablyduetoabetterwork-lifebalance.

W:Arebosseshappierthantheiremployees?

M:Yes.Perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigherpeoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.Soseniormanagersenjoytheirjobsmorethanpeopleworkingunderthem.

1.Whatisthenumberonefactorthatmadeemployeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问根据这项调查,让员工快乐的首要因素是什么?录音提及,大部分受访者认为,要有工作幸福感,最重要的因素是与友好的、能给予帮助的同事一起共事。C选项“与友好的同事共事”是录音原文复现,因此正确。A选项“从事令人愉快的工作”是男士提到的第二重要的因素,与题干不符,因此排除;B选项“获得有竞争力的薪水”是调查得出的两个最不重要的因素之一,因此也可排除;D选项“为能给予帮助的老板工作”,这里能给予帮助的应该是同事而不是老板,与原文表述不符,因此不正确。

2.Whatisthepercentageofthepeoplesurveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问在接受调查的人中,对工作感到不快乐的比例是多少?录音中,男士提及,有25%的受访者认为自己在工作中“非常愉快”,而有20%的受访者则认为自己在工作中不愉快。因此,A选项“20%”正确。B选项“25%”是在工作中感到非常愉快的人群所占的比例;C选项“31%”录音中没有提及;D选项“73%”的对象与题干不相关,也可排除。

3.Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwithemployees?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问什么样的公司最受员工欢迎?录音中,男士提及调查还得出几个有趣的结论,其中一点是人们更喜欢去员工在100人以下的小规模机构或公司工作。因此D选项“规模小的公司”正确。A选项“充满熟练工人的公司”;B选项“管理得当的公司”和C选项“由女性经营的公司”在录音中均没有信息提及,因此可排除。

4.Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeopleonpart-timecontractstobehappier?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问签订兼职合同的人更快乐的可能原因是什么?录音中男士提及,那些一天只需工作四五个小时的兼职人员,其幸福感要比那些全职员工高。研究人员得出的结论是:这可能是因为兼职人员的工作与生活有更好的平衡。B选项中的balanceworkandlife是录音中work-lifebalance的词性转换,因此B选项正确。A选项“他们可以赢得工作上的认可”是对工作幸福感最不重要的两个影响因素之一,与兼职人员的工作幸福感无关,因此排除;C选项“他们可以轻松地从一份工作跳槽到另一份工作”和D项“他们从事不止一份工作”在录音中均没有信息提及,因此也可排除。

5.单选题

The(

)effectsofmanyillnessesmadehimaweakmanandhestilldidn’twanttodosportseveryday.

问题1选项

A.cumulative

B.formidable

C.eternal

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。cumulative“累积的”;formidable“可怕的,可畏的”;eternal“永恒的”;prospective“预期的,有希望的”。句意:多种病一齐发作使得他身体孱弱,但是他仍然不愿意去运动。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Agreatamountofworkliasgoneinto()theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

问题1选项

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】B

【解析】句意:大量的工作已经投入,为了使这个大教堂恢复到其以前的华丽。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式。refresh更新,使精力恢复,使得到补充;restore恢复,修复;restoreto使恢复到…;renovate更新,修复,革新,刷新;renew使更新,续借,复兴。由题干中关键词“toitsprevioussplendor到其以前的华丽”可知B项正确。

7.单选题

ActressAmandaByneswasconvictedof()drivinginApril2012whenshecrashedintoanL.A.Countysheriff’sdeputy'scruiser.

问题1选项

A.legitimate

B.juvenile

C.reckless

D.redundant

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项legitimate表示“合法的,正当的”;B选项juvenile表示“青少年的,幼稚的”;C选项reckless表示“鲁莽的,不顾后果的”;D选项redundant表示“多余的,过剩的,失业的”。beconvictedof…表示“被宣判有罪”,由句意可知这位女演员因为驾驶不当而被判有罪,因此只有C选项词义最符合句意。故本题正确答案为C选项。

8.单选题

Ithasalwaysbeendifficultforthephilosopherorscientisttofittimeintohisviewoftheuniverse.PriortoEinsteinianphysics,therewasnotrulyadequateformulationoftherelationshipoftimetootherforcesintheuniverse,eventhoughsomeempiricalequationsincludedtimequantities.However,eventheEinsteinianformulationisnotperhapstotallyadequatetothejoboffittingtimeintotheproperrelationshipwiththeotherdimensions,astheyarecalled,ofspace.Theprimaryproblemarisesinrelationtothingswhichmightbegoingfasterthanthespeedoflight,orhaveotherstrangeproperties.

ExaminationoftheLorentz-Fitzgeraldformulasyieldstheinterestingspeculationthatifsomethingdidactuallyexceedthespeedoflightitwouldhaveitsmassexpressedasanimaginarynumberandwouldseemtobegoingbackwardsintime.Thebarriertoexceedingthespeedoflightisanapparentneedtohaveaninfinitequantityofmassmovedatexactlythespeedoflight.Ifthissituationcouldbeleapedoverinalargequantumjump-whichseemshighlyunlikelyformassesthatarelargeinnormalcircumstances-thentheothersidemaybeachievable.

Theideaofgoingbackwardsintimeisderivedfromtheexistenceofatimevectorthatisnegative,althoughjustwhatthismightmeantooursensesintheunlikelycircumstanceofourexperiencingthisstatecannotbeconjectured.Therehavebeen,infact,someobservationsofparticlechamberswhichhaveleadsomescientiststospeculatethataparticlecalledthetachyonmayexistwiththetans-lightpropertieswehavejustdiscussed.

Thedifficultiesofimaginingandcopingwiththesepotentialimplicationsofourmathematicalmodelspointsouttheimportanceofstudyingalternativemethodsofnotationforadvancedphysics.ProfessorZuckerkandl,inhisbookSoundandSymbol,hypothesizesthatitmightbebettertoexpresstherelationshipsfoundinquantummechanicsthroughtheuseofanotationderivedfrommusicalnotations.Tooversimplifygreatly,hearguesthatmusichasalwaysgivenparametersordimensions.Therefore,itmightbeamoreusefullanguageinwhichtoexpresstherelationshipsinphysicswheretimeagainhasaspecialroletoplay,andcannotbetreatedasjustanotherdimension.

Thepointofthis,oranyotheralternativetothecurrentmethodsofdescribingbasicphysicalprocesses,isthattimedoesn

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