考研考博-英语-中国刑事警察学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国刑事警察学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

He______tohisroommateforbeingsorudeyesterday.

问题1选项

A.apologized

B.dissolved

C.worried

D.doubted

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项apologized“道歉”；B选项dissolved“溶解；解散（(组织或机构)”；C选项worried“担心”；D选项doubted“怀疑”。句意：他昨天太粗鲁了，所以向室友______。根据语境，因为粗鲁而道歉比较合理，A选项apologized“道歉”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Veterandoctorscanoftenreflectonpastexperiencestodrawlessonsforthepresent;youngresidentdoctors,however,rarelyhavetheadvantagesofsuch（

）.

问题1选项

A.retrospection

B.vagueness

C.hostility

D.misconceptions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。retrospection回顾；反省；追忆；vagueness模糊；含糊；茫然；hostility敌意；misconception误解。句意：经验丰富的医生可以经常反思过去的经历来汲取教训，然而，年轻的住院部医师却很少有这样反省的优势。由Veterandoctorscanoftenreflectonpastexperiences以及while可知，句子前后形成对比，经验丰富的医生有经历可反思和回顾，而年轻的医生却没有这样的优势。空格处所填单词应与reflect意思接近，答案为A。

3.单选题

Asawayof（）themailswhiletheywereaway,theJohnsonsaskedthecleaningladytosendlittleprintedslipsaskingthesenderstowriteagainlater.

问题1选项

A.pickingup

B.copingwith

C.passingout

D.gettingacross

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析。pickup捡起，获得；copewith处理，应付；passout昏倒，分发；getacross通过，使被理解。根据下文，让清洁女工把打印好的小纸条寄出去让寄件人稍后再写。这是处理邮件的一种方式，所以选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Amanwhobecomesconsciousoftheresponsibilityhebearstowardahumanbeingwhoaffectionatelywaitsforhim,won’tbeabletothrowawayhislife.Heknowsthe“（）’’forhisexistence,andwillbeabletobearany“（

）”.

问题1选项

A.how...why

B.why...how

C.when...Why

D.where...how

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。how表方式，why表原因，when表时间，where表地点，根据题意，他知道她存在的原因和意义，可知第一空填why。句意：一个人如果意识到他对一个深情地等待着他的人所承担的责任，他就不能抛弃自己的生命。因为他会意识到自己存在的原因，并且能够承受未来的一切。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Alargeportionofthepopulationprefersthenon-medicationorientationofpsychology.Ifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications,manyoftheirpatientsseekingalternativetreatmentmightturntosocialworkersorothernon-medicaltherapists.Thereislittlequestionthatpsychologists’prescriptionprivilegescouldhaveprofoundeffectsonthefuturedirectionoftheirprofession.

Inadditiontoimprovedesteem,psychologistshavearguedthatprescriptionprivilegeswillbringthemgreaterfinancialrewards.DatapresentedbytheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationrevealedthatpsychiatristsengagingsolelyinpsycho-therapeuticinterventionsearnapproximatelyone-thirdofwhatpsychiatristsdowhoevaluateandmedicatepatients.Thetemptationoffinancialrewardsmaylurepsychologiststoabandontraditionalpsychotherapeuticinterventionsinfavorofamedicalmodel.Itshouldbenoted,though,thatpsychologistsareout-producingpsychiatristsbyaboutthreefold,strongevidencethatthegeneralpublicprefersapsycho-therapeuticapproachoveramedicalone.

Somepsychologistsarguethatgainingtherighttoprescribepsychotropicmedicationwouldeliminatetheneedfortwopractitionersandalleviatetheaddedfinancialburdenplaceduponthepatients.Inthecaseofpsychologistswhosecaseloadsarehighgainingprescriptionprivilegesmayraisequestionsastowhethertheyshouldreferpatientstoanon-prescribingmentalhealthprofessionalfortherapybecausethesepsychologistsincreasinglyarefocusingonevaluationsandmedication,thuslimitingtheirtimeforpsycho-therapeuticinterventions.Psychotropicmedicationsarenotpurportedtocurementaldisordersand.inmostcases,suchdrugsareutilizedinconjunctionwiththerapyasthebestapproachtotreatingpatients.

Legalandethicalissuesassociatedwithpsychologists'prescribingprivilegeswilldependuponthelevelofpracticetheypursue.Inthepast,psychologistshadbeenrelativelyimmunefrommalpracticeliability.Allegationsthatimpropercarecausedinjuryaremoredifficulttoprovewhenpsychotherapyisthetreatmentofchoicebecausethestandardsoftenareambiguousandmentalinjuryisdifficulttoascertain.Whenpsychopharmacologyisthetreatmentofchoice,thestandardofcareisclearerandthelikelihoodofphysicalharmisgreater,therebymakingiieasierforplaintiffstoprovetheirallegations.Psychiatricmalpracticeratescurrentlyareupto24timeshigherthanpsychologicalmalpracticecoverage,dependinguponthestate.

1.TheauthormentioneddatapresentedbytheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationI(Paragraph2)inorderto（

）.

2.Itseemsthatifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications

（

）.

3.Malpracticeallegationswouldincreaseoncepsychologistsgainedtherighttoprescribebecause（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.pointoutthemeritofthepsychologists'prescriptionprivileges

B.citeauthoritativeevidencetogainsupportformedicaltreatment

C.showwhysomepsychologistsareinfavorofgainingtherighttoprescribe

D.indicatethedifferentsituationfortwopractitioners

问题2选项

A.theywouldhavemorepatientsandgetmorefinancialrewards

B.theywouldfindoutthebestapproachtocuringmentaldisorders

C.manyoftheirpatientswouldshouldermorefinancialburden

D.manyoftheirpatientswouldprefertraditionalpsycho-therapeuticinterventions.

问题3选项

A.medicaldrugsmightcausegreatermentalinjury

B.patientswouldbemorelikelytogetphysicalharm

C.clientswouldfinditeasiertoproveinjurycausedbyimpropercare

D.psychologistswouldnolongerbeimmunefromprosecution

问题4选项

A.thegeneralpublicshowsmorerespectforthosepsychologistswhoseldommedicatepatients

B.psychologists'prescriptionprivilegesremainadisputableissue

C.mostpsychiatristsaresatisfiedwiththeirearnings

D.psychotherapyshouldbethefirstchoicetotreatmentaldiseases

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由“Inadditiontoimprovedesteem,psychologistshavearguedthatprescriptionprivilegeswillbringthemgreaterfinancialrewards.除了提高自尊，心理学家认为，处方特权会给他们带来更大的经济回报。”可知一些心理医生更希望获得处方权是因为这能给他们带来更多的钱财报酬。之后作者用数据论证该论点。答案C

第2题:细节事实题。“Ifpsychologistsbeganprescribingmedications,manyoftheirpatientsseekingalternativetreatmentmightturntosocialworkersorothernon-medicaltherapists.如果心理学家开始开药，许多寻求替代治疗的患者可能会转向社会工作者或其他非医疗治疗师。”可知D项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。从第四段“Whenpsychopharmacologyisthetreatmentofchoice,thestandardofcareisclearerandthelikelihoodofphysicalharmisgreater,therebymakingiteasierforplaintiffstoprovetheirallegations.Psychiatricmalpracticeratescurrentlyareupto24timeshigherthanpsychologicalmalpracticecoverage,dependinguponthestate.当人们选择精神药物学治疗时，护理标准更清晰，身体伤害的可能性更大，从而使原告更容易证明他们的指控。根据各州的情况，精神科医疗事故的发生率比精神科医疗事故的覆盖率高24倍。”可知当心理学家获得处方权，即成为精神药物学家时，医疗事故的指控会增多，因为人们更容易找到由于护理不当对身体造成的伤害的控诉证据。故C项正确。

第4题:主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段提到了如果心理医生获得开处方的权利，那么将会对这种职业产生深远影响，并且指出大部分人喜欢传统的心理疗法，而非药物治疗。第三段提到了药物治疗的好处，最后一段提到了药物治疗的弊端即造成医疗事故的控诉不断增多。故作者认为药物治疗是存在争议的。B项正确。ACD三项在文中都未提及。

6.单选题

Chinawill___smokinginmostpublicplaceslaterthisyear.

问题1选项

A.ban

B.fight

C.against

D.object

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ban禁止；取缔B.fight与……斗争

C.against反对，违反（介词）D.object提出……作为反对的理由；反对；拒绝

【考查点】近义词辨析。

【解题思路】A、B、C、D四个选项都有“反对”的意思。由空格处可知，空格前是助动词will，因此空格处填一个动词。空格后接动词的ing形式。只有A选项ban“禁止”满足这两个条件。因此选项A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项fight加介词加doingsth；

C选项against是介词；

D选项object的用法是objectsth或objecttodoingsth。

以上选项均不搭配。

【句意】今年晚些时候，中国将在大部分公共场所禁烟。

7.单选题

Whereanyonereachingtheageof60wasconsideredtobeneardeath’sdoorattheturnofthe20thcentury,itisbarelyoldenoughforretirementattheturnofthe2lstcentury.Andscientistsarestillnotholdingback.Theysaythatasnewanti-ageingtreatmentsbecomeavailable,ourspecieswillgetevenolder.Whilefewwouldarguethatlivinglongerisanattractiveidea,therapidincreaseinthenumberofyearsbegsaquestion:Canourhealthexpectancybeascloseaspossibletoourlifeexpectancy?

Predictionsforfuturehealthexpectancyhavechangedoverthepastfewdecades.Inthe1980s,lifeexpectancywasincreasing,butthebestdatasuggestedthatforeveryincreasedyearoflifeexpectancy,agreaterfractionwasdisabledlifeexpectancy.Whatwewouldseewasapilingupofchronicillnessandrelateddisabilitywhichmedicalsciencecouldn’tprevent.

Butthatworldviewchangedsuddenlyintheearly1990swiththepublicationofastudybyresearchersatDukeUniversity,whohadbeenfollowingthehealthof20,000peopleforalmostadecade.Theyshowedthatdisabilityamongtheelderlywasnotonlydropping,butitwasdoingsoatanever-increasingrate.

ArianRichardson,directoroftheBarshopInstituteforAgeingandLongevityresearch,predictsthatunderstandingthemechanismsbehindcalorierestrictionandothergeneticreasonsbehindageingcouldbeusedwithinthenexttwodecadestogivepeopleseveralextrahealthyyearsoflife.Restricthowmuchananimaleats,forexample,anditwilllivelonger.Inlabexperiments,ratsoncalorie-restricteddietswerefoundtobephysiologicallyyounger,gotdiseaseslaterinlifeand,atanyrate,hadlessseverecases.“Fromthemodelsthathavebeenlookedat,theincreaseinlifespanisusuallyintherangeof15%-30%maximum,”saysRichardson.Cuttingcaloriesisthoughttotriggeraswitchinananimal’'sbehaviorfromnormaltoastateofstasisinwhichgrowthandageingaretemporarilyputonhold.Whenfoodbecomesavailableagain,theanimal’sbehaviorswitchesback.

Richardsonsaysthatthinkingaboutstoppingageingisa“littlebitsilly”atthemomentbutdoesn’tdismissitaltogether,arguingthatnoneoftheillnessesrelatedtoageingshouldbeinevitable.Startwithahigh-qualitybody(andthatmeanseatingyourgreens,notsmokinganddoinglotsofexerciseinyouryoungerdays)andyoucankeepitgoingforlongerwithhighqualitymaintenance.“It’llbelikethedifferencebetweenaRolls-Royceandacheapcar.”

1.Itcanbeseenfromthefirstparagraphthatpeoplehavedoubtsonwhether（）.

2.Inthe1980s,thedataonpeople’shealthexpectancy（）.

3.Inthelabexperimentonrats,（）.

4.Richardsonbelievesthat（）.

5.Rolls-Royceisusedtoconveytheideathat（）.

问题1选项

A.ispossibletolivealongerhealthyandlifet

B.humanscanliveaslongasscientistspredictt

C.livinglongerisstillconsideredagoodideat

D.newanti-ageingtreatmentsaresafeforhumanst

问题2选项

A.gaveanoptimisticpredictiont

B.showedanunclearfuturet

C.ledtoapessimisticperceptiont

D.turnedouttobeamixedblessingt

问题3选项

A.foodrestrictionisnottheonlyfactorprovedtohaveworkedt

B.responsestofoodrestrictionvaryfromanimaltoanimalt

C.theanimals’lifespanincreaseswiththeamountoffoodeatent

D.differentamountsoffoodcauseachangeintheanimals’behaviort

问题4选项

A.itisimpossibleforhumanstostopageingt

B.itisworthlesstotalkaboutstoppingageingt

C.stoppingageingisadreamthatmaycometruet

D.illnessisthebiggestobstacletostoppingageingt

问题5选项

A.qualitylifeisoutofreachformostpeoplet

B.qualitylifecanslowdowntheprocessofagingt

C.howlongonecanlivedependsonthegenesonecarriest

D.themoremoneyoneinvestsinhealth,thehealthieronewillbe

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节推断题。题干意思是“从第一段可以看出，人们对是否……持怀疑态度”。第一段最后一句提到Canourhealthexpectancybeascloseaspossibletoourlifeexpectancy?（我们的健康预期能达到我们的预期寿命吗？），由此可推断，人们对自身能活得健康长寿持怀疑态度，故A项“有可能活得更健康和长寿”符合题意。B项“人类可以活得和科学家预测的一样长”和C项“活得更长仍然被认为是一个好主意”是肯定的细节描述，与题干不符；D项“新的抗衰老疗法对人类是安全的”，内容与文章无关。因此，该题选择A项正确。

第2题:细节推断题。题干意思是“20世纪80年代，人们的健康预期数据……”。根据题干定位到文章第二段Inthe1980s,lifeexpectancywasincreasing,butthebestdatasuggestedthatforeveryincreasedyearoflifeexpectancy,agreaterfractionwasdisabledlifeexpectancy.Whatwewouldseewasapilingupofchronicillnessandrelateddisabilitywhichmedicalsciencecouldn’tprevent.（在20世纪80年代，预期寿命在增加，但最好的数据表明，预期寿命每增加一年，残疾预期寿命的比例就更大；我们将看到的是医学无法预防的慢性疾病和相关残疾的堆积），由此可知，人们的健康预期数据并不乐观，故C项“导致悲观的看法”正确。A项“给出一个乐观的预测”和D项“说明情况好坏参半”内容与原文不符；B项“前途不明”，第二段未提及。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第3题:细节推断题。题干意思是“在对老鼠的实验室实验中，……”。根据题干定位到第四段第三句的例子Inlabexperiments,ratsoncalorie-restricteddietswerefoundtobephysiologicallyyounger,gotdiseaseslaterinlifeand,atanyrate,hadlessseverecases.（在实验室实验中，食用限制热量饮食的老鼠在生理上更年轻，患疾病的年龄更晚，而且无论如何，病情不那么严重），结合第四段倒数第二句Cuttingcaloriesisthoughttotriggeraswitchinananimal’sbehaviorfromnormaltoastateofstasisinwhichgrowthandageingaretemporarilyputonhold.（减少热量摄入会使动物的行为从正常状态切换到一种停滞状态，在这种状态下，生长和衰老暂时被搁置），由此可推断，不同的热量摄入对动物行为会有影响，故D项“不同的食物量导致动物行为的改变”符合题意。A项“食物限制并不是被证明有效的唯一因素”与原文不符；B项“对食物限制的反应因动物而异”，文中只提到了老鼠的实验，没有参照对比物；C项“动物的寿命随着食物摄入量的增加而增加”，内容与原文相反。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第4题:细节推断题。题干意思是“理查森认为……”。最后一段第一句话提到Richardsonsaysthatthinkingaboutstoppingageingisa“littlebitsilly”atthemomentbutdoesn’tdismissitaltogether,arguingthatnoneoftheillnessesrelatedtoageingshouldbeinevitable.（理查森说，现在考虑停止衰老“有点傻”，但并没有完全否定它，他认为，与衰老相关的疾病都不应该是不可避免的），由此可知，与衰老相关的疾病是可以避免的，所以C项“停止衰老是一个可能实现的梦想”正确。A项“人类不可能停止衰老”与原文相反；B项“谈论停止衰老是没有价值的”与原文不符；D项“疾病是阻止衰老的最大障碍”，原文没有明确说明疾病是阻止衰老的最大障碍，该项太绝对。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第5题:细节推断题。题干意思是“劳斯莱斯被用来传达一种……的理念”。根据题干定位到文章最后两句Startwithahigh-qualitybody(andthatmeanseatingyourgreens,notsmokinganddoinglotsofexerciseinyouryoungerdays)andyoucankeepitgoingforlongerwithhighqualitymaintenance.“It’llbelikethedifferencebetweenaRolls-Royceandacheapcar.”（从一个高质量的身体开始，这意味着年轻的时候吃绿色蔬菜，不吸烟，做大量的运动，你可以通过高质量的保养保持更长的时间；“这就像是劳斯莱斯和廉价汽车保养之间的区别”），由此可知，文章通过提到劳斯莱斯与普通汽车的对比举例，用来说明有质量的生活可以减缓衰老的进程，故B项“高质量生活可以减缓老化的进程”正确。A项“高质量的生活对大多数人来说是遥不可及的”和C项“一个人能活多久取决于他携带的基因”文章未提及；D项“一个人在健康上投资的钱越多，他就会越健康”，该项太绝对。因此，该题选择B项正确。

8.单选题

TheSantaAnaappealscourtupheldanearlierjuryverdictawarding$3.2millionindamagestoAlexisSartiwhosufferedseriousnervedamageafterafoodpoisoningepisodeatarestaurant.（1）

InApril2005,SartiaterawtunaattheSaltCreekGrillerestaurant.Afterwards,shesufferedfromsuddenparalysisanddoublevision.Shespentthenext49daysinthehospital,andhadtodropoutofcollegeformorethanayearandahalfafterthefoodpoisoningincident,formedicalcareandtherapy.

（2）Musclesandspasmsbotherheronadailybasis,althoughshesaysshe’susedtothesenow.Shehasrecoveredsomewhatsincethen.Butstrenuousactivityisoutofthequestion,andwhat’sworse,sheexpectshersituationtodeteriorateasshegetsolder.

Sartifiledalawsuitagainsttherestaurant,andclaimedcrosscontaminationofthetunawithaformofbacteriathatexistsinrawpoultry.

（3）

TheverdictwassetasidebySuperiorCourtJudgeDerekW.Hunt.The4thDistrictCourtofAppealinSantaAnahasnowoverturnedJudgeHunt’sruling.

Indeliveringhisdecision,JudgeHuntsaidhewasconstrainedbya35-year-oldappellatedecisionthatprohibitsjuriesfromassumingthatcrosscontaminationintherestaurantswastheresultoffaultypracticesofhandling.

TheSantaAnaappealscourtseemstohavedisregardedthatolderappellatedecision.

（4）

Ithasbeencitedforinroperfoodstorage,crosscontaminationandincorrecthandlingonthreeseparateinstances.

ItwasclearthatthenegligentfoodhandlingpracticesatthisrestaurantwereresponsibleforadeadlycrosscontaminationthatresultedinSard’sfoodpoisoning.

（5）

Still,shehasincurredmorethanamilliondollarsworthofmedicalbills,andexpectstoneedmoremedicalcareinthefuture.

问题1选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题2选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题3选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题4选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题5选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

【答案】第1题:E

第2题:D

第3题:F

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.联系上下文。本文第一段第一句概述了SantaAna案件的审判结果。而选项中只有E是总结这一审判结果的历史意义。

2.联系上下文。本文第二段主要介绍了Sarti在食品中毒后所受到的身体机能方面的损伤。选项中只有D是关于她身体所受的伤害。

3.联系上下文。此空格下文的中心词“verdict”前面的定冠词the使用，提示读者该词不是第一次出现在此处，而选项中只有F选项里出现了“averdict”。

4.联系上下文。本空格下文中用到指代词“it”，而且是做“cite”的宾语，所以该代词可能指“供词”、“记录”等文件。

5.联系上下文。本题空白后的句子大意为：不包括今后的治疗，受害者Sarti目前已经承受了100多万美元的医疗费用。这句话暗指她这次胜诉与其说是金钱方面的胜诉，不如说是道义上的胜诉。

9.单选题

Aftersuchaconfrontationbetweenthetwoparties,anyreconciliationwouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.outofquestion

B.withinquestion

C.withoutquestion

D.outofthequestion

【答案】D

【解析】短语辨析。A选项“毫无疑问，没问题”；C选项“毫无疑问”；D选项“不可能，根本谈不上”；B选项不是一个短语；根据句意‘在两党之间有了这样的冲突后，和解是不可能的了’确定D选项正确。

10.单选题

Withawidevarietyoffreshfruit（）available,cannedfruitisnolongersopopularasbefore.

问题1选项

A.personally

B.readily

C.rarely

D.properly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项personally“亲自地；当面；个别”；B选项readily“容易地；乐意地”；C选项rarely“很少地”；D选项properly“恰当地”。句意：随着各种各样的新鲜水果可（）获得，罐头水果不再像以前那样受欢迎。根据语境，因为新鲜水果容易购买，于是水果罐头不那么受欢迎了，readily“容易地”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?Basicresearchistheveryheartofscience,anditscumulativeproductisthecapitalofscientificprogress,acapitalthatmustbeconstantlyincreasedasthedemandsuponitrise.Thegoalofbasicresearchisunderstandingforitsownsake.Understandingofthestructureoftheatomorthenervecell,theexplosionofaspiralnebulaorthedistributionofcosmicdust,thecausesofearthquakesanddroughts,orofmanasabehavingcreatureandofthesocialforcesthatarecreatedwhenevertwoormorehumanbeingscomeintocontactwithoneanother—thescopeisstaggering,butthecommitmenttotruthisthesame.Ifthecommitmentweretoaparticularresult,conflictingevidencemightbeoverlookedor,withthebestwillintheworld,simplynotappreciated.Moreover,thepracticalapplicationsofbasicresearchfrequentlycannotbeanticipated.WhenRoentgen,thephysicist,discoveredX-rays,hehadnoideaoftheirusefulnesstomedicine.

Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.Forpracticalreasons,thesumsspentonappliedresearchinanycountryalwaysfarexceedthoseforbasicresearch,andtheproportionsaremoreunequalinthelessdevelopedcountries.Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly―thefundstheU.S.Governmentallotstobasicresearchcurrentlyamounttoabout7percentofitsoverallresearchanddevelopmentfunds.Unlessadequatesafeguardsareprovided,appliedresearchinvariablytendstodriveoutbasicresearch.Then,asDr.Watermanhaspointedout,“Developmentswillinevitablybeundertakenprematurely,careerincentiveswillgravitatestronglytowardappliedscience,andtheopportunitiesformakingmajorscientificdiscoverieswillbelost.Unfortunately,pressurestoemphasizenewdevelopments,withoutcorrespondingemphasisuponpurescience,tendtodegradethequalityofthenation’stechnologyinthelongrunratherthantoimproveit.”

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Industryisprimarilyinterestedinappliedresearchbecauseit

（

）.

3.Thefederalgovernment

（

）.

4.Lessdevelopedcountries（

）.

问题1选项

A.Roentgen'sIgnoranceofX-rays

B.TheAttractivenessofAppliedResearch

C.TheImportanceofBasicResearch

D.BasicResearchvs.AppliedResearch

问题2选项

A.providesbetterunderstanding

B.isfrowneduponbytheFoundation

C.offersimmediateprofit

D.solvespracticalproblems

问题3选项

A.devotesmorethan90%ofitsresearchanddevelopmentfundstoappliedresearch

B.spendsfarmoreonappliedresearchthanmilitaryproblems

C.opposestheFoundation’sgrantstobasicsearch

D.isnotconcernedaboutthenatureofthesearchbeingdonebythescientistsitemploys

问题4选项

A.devotealargeportionoftheirbudgettoappliedresearch

B.realizethatprogressdependsonbasicresearch

C.encouragetheircareerscientiststoexperiment

D.devotelessthan7%oftheirscientificbudgettobasicresearch

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由文章首句WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?为什么基金会把它的支持集中在基础研究而不是应用研究?以及第二段Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.为解决具体的实际问题而进行的应用研究具有直接的吸引力，因为其结果是可以看到和享受的。可知本文主要讲基础研究和应用研究的对比。

2.细节事实题。由题干关键词定位到第二段中“Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly...撇开工业研究的经费不谈——工业研究自然更关心应用方面，因为这些能迅速增加利润······可知C项正确。

3.判断推理题。由第二段中“...thefundstheU.S.Governmentallotstobasicresearch

currentlyamounttoabout