考研考博-英语-广东石油化工学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东石油化工学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Themaglevwillactuallyracealongaguidewayatalmost500kilometersperhour,（

）onthemagneticfield.

问题1选项

A.accelerating

B.duplicating

C.floating

D.roaring

【答案】C

【解析】考查现在分词。accelerating加速的，催化的；duplicating复制，拷贝；floating漂浮，浮动；roaring吼，叫喊。句意：磁悬浮列车将在磁场中以每小时500公里的速度沿着导轨运行。由磁悬浮列车的特点可知“它是漂浮在磁场中”，故C项符合句意。

2.单选题

InmostearthquakestheEarth'scrustcrackslikeporcelain.Stressbuildsupuntilafractureformsatadepthofafewkilometersandthecrustslipstorelievethestress.Someearthquakes,however,takeplacehundredsofkilometersdownintheEarth'smantle,wherehighpressuremakesrocksoductilethatitflowsinsteadofcracking,evenunderstresssevereenoughtodeformitlikeputty.Howcantherebeearthquakesatsuchdepths?

Thatsuchdeepeventsdooccurhasbeenacceptedonlysince1927,whentheseismologistKiyooWadaticonvincinglydemonstratedtheirexistence.Insteadofcomparingthearrivaltimesofseismicwavesatdifferentlocations,asearlierresearchershaddone,Wadatireliedonatimedifferencebetweenthearrivalofprimary(P)wavesandtheslowersecondary(S)waves.BecausePandSwavestravelatdifferentbutfairlyconstantspeeds,theintervalbetweentheirarrivalsincreasesinproportiontothedistancefromtheearthquakefocus,orrupturepoint.

Formostearthquakes,Wadatidiscovered,theintervalwasquiteshortneartheepicenter,thepointonthesurfacewhereshakingisstrongest.Forafewevents,however,thedelaywaslongevenattheepicenterWadatisawasimilarpatternwhenheanalyzeddataontheintensityofshaking.Mostearthquakeshadasmallareaofintenseshaking,whichweakenedrapidlywithincreasingdistancefromtheepicenter,butotherswerecharacterizedbyalowerpeakintensity,feltoverabroaderarea.BoththeP-Sintervalsandtheintensitypatternssuggestedtwokindsofearthquakes:themorecommonshallowevents,inwhichthefocuslayjustundertheepicenter,anddeepevents,withafocusseveralhundredkilometersdown

Thequestionremained:howcansuchquakesoccur,giventhatmantlerockatadepthofmorethan50kilometersistooductiletostoreenoughstresstofracture?Wadati'sworksuggestedthatdeepeventsoccurinareas(nowcalledWadati-Benioffzones)whereonecrustalplateisforcedunderanotheranddescendsintothemantle.Thedescendingrockissubstantiallycoolerthanthesurroundingmantleandhenceislessductileandmuchmoreliabletofracture.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Informationpresentedinthepassagesuggeststhat,comparedwithseismicactivityattheepicenterofashallowevent,seismicactivityattheepicenterofadeepeventischaracterizedby

（

）.

3.ThemethodusedbyWadatitodeterminethedepthsofearthquakesismostlikewhichofthefollowing?

4.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweentheepicenterandthefocusofanearthquake?

问题1选项

A.demonstratingwhythemethodsofearlyseismologistswereflawed

B.arguingthatdeepeventsarepoorlyunderstoodanddeservefurtherstudy

C.defendingarevolutionarytheoryaboutthecausesofearthquakesandmethodsofpredictingthem

D.discussingtheevidencefortheexistenceofdeepeventsandtheconditionsthatallowthemtooccur

问题2选项

A.shorterP-Sintervalsandhigherpeakintensity

B.shorterP-Sintervalsandlowerpeakintensity

C.longerP-Sintervalsandlowerpeakintensity

D.longerP-Sintervalsandhigherpeakintensity

问题3选项

A.Determiningthedistancefromathunderstormbythingtheintervalbetweentheflashofalightningboltandthunderitproduces

B.Determiningtheheightofamountainbymeasuringtheshadowitcastsatdifferenttimesoftheday.

C.Determiningthedepthofawellbydroppingstonesintowellandtiminghowlongtheytaketoreachthebottom.

D.Determiningthedistancebetweentwopointsbycountingthenumberofpacesiftakestocoverthedistanceandmeasuringasinglepace.

问题4选项

A.PwavesoriginateatthefocusandSwavesoriginateattheepicenter

B.Indeepeventstheepicenterandthefocusarereversed.

C.Inshalloweventstheepicenterandthefocuscoincide.

D.Inbothdeepandshalloweventsthefocusliesbeneaththeepicenter

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题目是问文章主要是关于什么的。通过文章内容可知，文章主要是向读者介绍deepevents的知识。Wadati通过对Pwaves与Swaves的研究发现deepevents的存在。不同类型的地震其P-Sintervals是不同的，因此有了shallowevents与deepevents的区别。文章也告诉了读者deepevents是如何发生的。所以D选项‘讨论深层事件存在的证据以及允许它们发生的条件’正确。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段最后一句“BecausePandSwavestravelatdifferentbutfairlyconstantspeeds,theintervalbetweentheirarrivalsincreasesinproportiontothedistancefromtheearthquakefocus,orrupturepoint.由于P波和S波以不同但相当恒定的速度传播，它们到达的间隔与震源或破裂点的距离成正比。”以及第三段最后一句“BoththeP-Sintervalsandtheintensitypatternssuggestedtwokindsofearthquakes:themorecommonshallowevents,inwhichthefocuslayjustundertheepicenter,anddeepevents,withafocusseveralhundredkilometersdown.P-S间隔和强度模式都表明有两种地震：一种是更常见的浅层地震，震源就在震中下方;另一种是震源在几百公里以下的深层地震”可知与地震活动在一个浅的中心事件,地震活动的中心事件的特点是‘通过更接的纵横间隔波和更高的峰值强度表现的’，D选项正确。

3.推理判断题。题目提问Wadati用来确定地震深度的方法最像下列哪一种？distant用词不准。根据原文“BecausePandSwavestravelatdifferentbutfairlyconstantspeedstheintervalbetweentheirarrivalsincreasesinproportiontothedistancefromtheearthquakefocus(earthquakefocus-orrupturepoint.因为P波和S波以不同但相当恒定的速度传播，它们到达的距离与震源(震源或破裂点)的距离成正比。所以，只要地震的S波在P波之后很长时间才到达一个给定的位置肯定是真的，所以A选项‘用闪电与雷暴之间的间隔来确定雷暴与雷暴之间的距离’符合题意。

4.细节事实题。本题是问文章支持下列哪一个陈述关于中心和地震的集点之间的关系。根据文章内容以及最后一段“Thequestionremained:howcansuchquakesoccur,giventhatmantlerockatadepthofmorethan50kilometersistooductiletostoreenoughstresstofracture?Wadati’sworksuggestedthatdeepeventsoccurinareas(nowcalledWadati-BeniofFzones)whereonecrustalplateisforcedunderanotheranddescendsintothemantle.Thedescendingrockissubstantiallycoolerthanthesurroundingmantleandhenceislessductileandmuchmoreliabletofracture.问题依然存在:考虑到50公里以上深处的地幔岩石韧性太强，无法储存足够的应力而导致断裂，这样的地震怎么会发生呢?Wadati的工作表明，深部事件发生在一个地壳板块被压在另一个地壳板块下并进入地幔的区域(现在称为Wadati-Benioff带)。下降的岩石比周围的地幔要冷得多，因此韧性较差，更容易断裂。”可知D‘无论是深地震还是浅地震，震源都位于震中下方’选项。

3.单选题

Ineducationthereshouldbeagood（

）amongthebranchesofknowledgethat

contributetoeffectivethinkingandwisejudgment.

问题1选项

A.distribution

B.combination

C.assignment

D.balance

【答案】D

【解析】句意:教育领域内，在促进有效思考和机智判断的不同知识分支中应该有一个良好的平衡。

考查名词辨析。Distribution分配,分布,分发;combination结合,联合,混合;assignment(分派的)工作，任务,(工作等的)分派;balance平衡。分析题干可知此处表示“保持平衡”。故选D。

4.单选题

Dr.Goebbelswrotethat“wedonotbelongtothosedreamersandillusionistswhoprophesythecollapseoftheBritishEmpiretomorrow”.

问题1选项

A.swear

B.condemn

C.predict

D.crave

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.swear咒骂，诅咒B.condemn谴责，指责

C.predict预言D.crave渴望，热望

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】prophesy的意思为“预告，预言”，指的是我们不是空想家和魔术师，对大英帝国的未来进行预言，predict与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】戈培尔博士写道，我们不是那种预言大英帝国明天就要瓦解的空想家和魔术师。

5.单选题

AreportsubmittedtotheUnitedStatesCongressin1971emphaticallyrecommendeda（）nationalefforttoadoptmetricsystem.

问题1选项

A.concerted

B.representative

C.respective

D.spontaneous

【答案】D

【解析】concerted协调的,协定的；representative典型的；respective分别的,各自的；spontaneous

自发的,无意识的。句意：1971年提交给美国国会的一份报告着重建议各国自发地努力采用公制系统。选项D符合句意。

6.单选题

______dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装结构。although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装；whatever后面常跟名词；as引导让步状语从句时，结构为：形容词/副词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语；however引导让步状语从句时，后面跟形容词或副词。句意：不管他有多迟钝，他无疑是一位非常成功的高管。

7.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Johnlikesgambling.

B.Johnisveryfondofhisnewboss.

C.Johnhasupsanddownsinthenewcompany.

D.Johnhasapromisingfutureinthenewcompany.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Johnwantstomoveupwardandonwardwithhisnewcompany.

M:Heiswellqualifiedandthebossisintohim.

W:Soyouthinkhewillachievehisgoal?

M:Yeah!Ibethewill.

Q:Whatdidthemanmean?

【解析】男士说John在新公司胜任新工作，受老板器重，并且肯定他会实现目标。

8.翻译题

1.经济活动对环境有着潜在的影响，人们对此已经有了一定的认识。

2.要让我们的国产品牌为世界更多的消费者认可，广告创作就必须使用国际通用的语言。

3.有一种理论，把对目的语的敏感性视作语言学习中最重要的因素之一。

4.为了帮助学生学习语言，图书馆已经决定将英语原版电影出租给他们。

5.心理学家们已经做了无数次试验表明，在改进人的行为方面，表扬比批评有效得多。

【答案】1.Thepotentialimpactofeconomicactivityontheenvironmenthasbeenwellunderstood.

2.Inorderforourdomesticbrandstoberecognizedbymoreconsumersintheworld,thecreationofadvertisementsmustusetheinternationallyusedlanguage.

3.Onetheoryholdsthatsensitivitytothetargetlanguageisoneofthemostimportantfactorsinlanguagelearning.

4.Tohelpstudentslearnlanguage,thelibraryhasdecidedtorentoutoriginalEnglishmoviestothem.

5.Psychologistshaveconductednumerousexperiments,showingthatpraiseisfarmoreeffectivethancriticismatimprovingpeople’sbehavior.

9.单选题

Thedictatorreliedonabuseofhisopponents（

）onsoundreasoning.

问题1选项

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.betterthan

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项“不只是”；B选项“而不是”；C选项“除了，不同于”；D选项“超过”。句意：独裁者依靠残害对手（）有力的证据。两个并列成分之间有个对比，所以答案应该选B。

10.单选题

Mydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk（）far.

问题1选项

A./

B.such

C.that

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词用法。句意：我女儿今天已经走了8英里，我们从没想过她能走那么远。such后面常接名词或名词词组，排除B；as后接副词常用在“as…as…”结构中，排除D。that作副词，意思是“那样，那么”，可放在形容词或副词之前，表示强调，符合句意，因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause

（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.

问题1选项

A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology

问题2选项

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

问题3选项

A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

问题4选项

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

问题5选项

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。根据第二段的内容“‘but’canrendertheapologyineffective...leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.”“但是”这个词会让道歉不起作用这让受伤害的人觉得他应该为自己的错误行为道歉，而不是期待别人的道歉。根据题干意思，如果一位母亲在道歉之后加上“but”这个词，。选项A和B均无法在原文中找到对应信息；选项C错误，这种道歉方式会让道歉无效，所以孩子并不会觉得容易接受；只有选项D“孩子可能觉得他应该向母亲道歉”符合原文，所以正确。

第2题:判断推理题。根据关键句“I'msorryyou'reupset.”定位到第三段最后一句“thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.”这表明你允许自己因为别人的所作所为感到沮丧，自己多少也有错。潜在意思就是说，我知道你很难过，但这不应该怪我。选项B符合原文。

第3题:判断推理题。根据第四段的内容“其次是笼统的一般性的道歉，它避免点明特别伤害或侮辱他人的具体行为，而且道歉的人应该承诺永远不再这样做。说“作为父母我很没用”并不能让一个人有任何具体的进步。”由此可推断，笼统的道歉并不能让一个人有任何具体的进步，所以它是无效的；而且是笼统的道歉，也就是模糊的，所以本题选C。

第4题:细节事实题。根据最后一段首句“Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.”即使孩子们看到了真诚悔悟的例子，他们仍然需要一些帮助来意识到道歉的复杂性。选项A与原文不符，所以错误；选项C太过于片面，帮助不一定来自于父母，不能只考虑这一种因素，所以选项C也错误；选项D在文中没有提及。根据下文具体的内容可知，作者是根据孩子的年龄来具体举例的，所以选项B“孩子的年龄应该被考虑进去”符合原文。

第5题:判断推理题。结合原文内容可知，本文主要讲的是父母应该如何更好的道歉以便能够教会自己的孩子道歉。不涉及社会问题，所以选项A和C范围过于宽泛，不恰当；选项B很明显不符合原文；选项D“道歉并不像看起来的那么简单”符合原文，文章列举了几种道歉的表达方法并且提及道歉具有复杂性，所以选项D正确。

12.翻译题

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

TheAmericantraditionhasfoundthisviewofhumanhistoryrepugnantandfalse.（1）

Thistraditionseestheworldasmany,notasone.Theseempiricalinstincts,thepreferenceforfactoverlogic,fordeedoverdogma,havefoundtheirmostbrilliantexpressioninthewritingsofWilliamJamesandintheapproachtophilosophicalproblemswhichJamescalled“radicalempiricism”.Againstthebeliefintheall-encompassingpowerofasingleexplanation,againstthecommitmenttotheabsolutismofideology,againstthenotionthatallanswerstopoliticalandsocialproblemscanbefoundinthebackofsomesacredbook,againstthedeterministicinterpretationofhistory,againstthecloseduniverse,（2）

Jamesstoodforwhathecalledtheunfinisheduniverse―auniversemarkedbygrowth,variety,ambiguity,mystery,andcontingency―auniversewherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths,butwherenomortalmanwillevergetanabsolutegriponAbsoluteTruth,auniversewheresocialprogressdependsnotoncapitulationtoasingle,all-consumingbodyof

doctrine,butonthe

unforced

intercourseofunconstrainedminds.

Thusideologyandpragmatismdifferradicallyintheirviewsofhistory.Theydifferjustasradicallyintheirapproachtoissuesofpublicpolicy.Theideologist,bymistakingmodelsforreality,alwaysmisleadsastothepossibilitiesandconsequencesofpublicdecision.Thehistoryofthetwentiethcenturyisarecordofthemanifoldwaysinwhichhumanityhasbeenbetrayedbyideology.

Letustakeanexamplefromcontemporaryhistory.（3）

Itisevidentnow,forexample,thatthechoicebetweenprivateandpublicmeans,thatchoicewhichhasobsessedsomuchrecentpoliticalandeconomicdiscussioninunderdevelopedcountries,isnotamatterofreligiousprinciple.Itisnotamoralissuetobedecidedonabsolutistgrounds,eitherbythoseontherightwhoregardtheuseofpublicmeansaswickedandsinful,orbythoseontheleftwhoregardtheuseofprivatemeanswickedandsinful.Itissimplyapracticalquestionastowhichmeanscanbestachievethedesiredend.Itisaproblemtobeanswerednotbytheologybutbyexperienceandexperiment.Indeed,Iwouldsuggestthatwemightwellbanishsomeoverloadedwordsfromintellectualdiscourse.Theybelongtothevocabularyofdemagoguery,nottothevocabularyofanalysis.

So,withtheinventionofthemixedsociety,pragmatismhastriumphedoverabsolutism.Asaconsequence,theworldiscomingtounderstandthatthemixedeconomyofferedtheinstrumentalitiesthroughwhichonecanunitesocialcontrolwithindividualfreedom.Butideologyisadrug;nomatterhowmuchitisexposedbyexperience,thecravingforitstillpersists.Thatcravingwill,nodoubt,alwayspersist,solongasthereishumanhungerforanall-embracing,all-explanatorysystem,solongindeedaspoliticalphilosophyisshapedbythecompulsiontoreturntothewomb.

Theoldestphilosophicalproblem,wehavenoted,istherelationshipbetweentheoneandtheoneandthemany.Surelythebasicconflictofourtimesispreciselytheconflictbetweenthosewhowouldreducetheworldtooneandthosewhoseetheworldasmany—betweenthosewhobelievethattheworldisevolvinginasingledirection,alongasinglepredestinedline,towardasinglepredestinedconclusion,andthosewhothinkthathumanityinthefuture,asinthepast,willcontinuetoevolveindiversedirections,towarddiverseconclusions,accordingtothediversetraditions,values,andpurposesofdiversepeoples.Itisachoice,inshort,betweendogmatismandpragmatism,betweenthetheologicalsocietyandtheexperimentalsociety.

Ideologistsareafraidofthefreeflowofideas,evenofdeviantideaswithintheirownideology.TheyareconvincedtheyhaveamonopolyontheTruth.Thereforetheyalwaysfeelthattheyareonlysavingtheworldwhentheyslaughtertheheretics.（4）

Theirobjectiveremainsthatofmakingtheworldoverintheimageoftheirdogmaticideology.Thegoalisamonolithicworld,organizedondieprincipleofinfallibility—buttheonlycertaintyinanabsolutesystemisthecertaintyofabsoluteabuse.

Thegoaloffreemenisquitedifferent.Freemenknowmanytruths,buttheydoubtwhetheranymortalmanknowstheTruth.Theirreligiousandtheirintellectualheritagejoininleadingthemtosuspectfellowmenwholayclaimtoinfallibility.TheybelievethatthereisnogreaterdelusionthanformantomistakehimselfforGod.（5）

Theyacceptthelimitationsofthehumanintellectandtheinfirmityofthehumanspirit.Thedistinctivehumantriumph,intheirjudgment,liesinthecapacitytounderstandthefrailtyofhumanstrivingbuttostrivenonetheless.

【答案】1.这种传统将世界看成“多”，而不是“一”。威廉•詹姆斯的作品以及詹姆斯所谓的“激进经验主义”对待哲学问题的方法，最好地表达了这种经验主义的本能，即注重事实而不是推理，注重行为而不是教条。

2.詹姆斯主张被他称为“未完成的世界”的观点——一个以成长性、多样性、不确定性、神秘性、偶然性为特征的世界——一个自由的人们可以找到部分真理、而不是某个凡人独自掌握了绝对真理的世界；一个社会的进步不是依赖单一、耗尽所有精力的学说，而是依靠自由思想不受约束的交流的世界。

3.例如，在选择公有制还是私有制的问题上，发展中国家在近来的政治经济讨论中备受困扰，现在已经很清楚了，这不是宗教原则问题。

4.他们的追求仍然是根据他们意识形态的教条概念去改造世界。他们的目标是按照确定无误的理论，建造一个庞大而僵化的世界——然而，绝对的体制必然导致权力的滥用。

5.他们承认人类智力的局限性及心灵的脆弱性。根据他们的判断，人类与众不同的巨大成就在于他们懂得人类的奋斗虽然存在缺憾，但仍然奋斗不息的能力。

13.单选题

TheyhaveleftNewYork（

）good;they’llnevergobackandlivethereagain.

问题1选项

A.by

B.at

C.for

D.in

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他们永远离开了纽约，再也不回去住了。

固定搭配。Forgood永远。

14.单选题

IadmitIhavemadeamistake,______Idenytheseriousconsequenceitmayhave.

问题1选项

A.so

B.sowill

C.norwill

D.howcan

【答案】C

【解析】考查admit和deny互为反义词，admit=notdeny，且nor；hardly；innoway；little；scarcely；seldom；never；nomore；nolonger；not；notonly；nosooner；Notonly...butalso；notuntil...等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首，句子用部分倒装。即是把Inorwilldeny倒装为norwillIdeny。句意：我承认我犯了错误，也不否认它可能造成的严重后果。因此C选项正确。

15.单选题

Whenyourparentsadviseyouto“getaneducation”inordertoraiseyourincome,theytellyouonlyhalfthetruth.Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety,butnotsomuchthatyouproveanembarrassmenttoyoursociety.

Getahighschooldiploma,atleast.Withoutthat,youwillbeoccupationallydead,unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool.

Getacollegedegree,ifpossible.WithaB.A.,youareonthelaunchingpad（发射台）.Butnowyouhavetostarttoputonthebrakes.Ifyougoforamaster’sdegree,makesureitisanandonlyfromafirst-rateuniversity.Beyondthis,thefamouslawofdiminishingreturns（报酬递减率）beginstotakeeffect.

Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-haultruckdriversearnmoreperyearthanfullprofessors?Yes,theaverage1977salaryforthosetruckerswas$24,000,whilethefullprofessorsmanagedtoaveragejust$23,030.

APh.D.D.isthehighestdegreeyoucanget,butexceptinafewspecializedfieldssuchasphysicsorchemistry,wherethedegreecanquicklybeturnedtoindustrialorcommercialpurposes,youarefacingadimfuture.TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythananyotherpartoftheworldbyfar.

IfyoubecomeadoctorofphilosophyinEnglishorhistoryoranthropologyorpoliticalscienceorlanguagesor—worstofall—inphilosophy,youruntheriskofbecomingovereducatedforournationaldemands.Notforourneeds,mindyou,butforourdemands.

ThousandsofPh.D.saresellingshoes,drivingcars,waitingontablesandfillingoutfruitlessapplicationsmonthaftermonth.Andthenmaybetakingajobinsomehighschoolorbackwatercollegepaysmuchlessthanthejanitor（看门人）earns.

Youcanequatethelevelofincomewiththelevelofeducationonlysofar.Farenough,thatis,tomakeyouusefultothegrossnationalproduct,butnotsofarthatnobodycanturnmuchofaprofitonyou.

1.Accordingtothewriter,whatthesocietyexpectsofeducationistoturnoutpeoplewho______.

2.IfyouareasgiftedasBernardShaworEdison,______.

3.Ph.D.saremostlikelyto

.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Thewriteriscriticalof

.

问题1选项

A.willnotbeashametothesociety

B.willbecomeskilledworkers

C.cantakecareofthemselves

D.canmeetthedemandsasasourceofmanpower

问题2选项

A.youcangetahighschooldiplomawithoutdifficulty

B.youwillbesuccessfulinagradeschool

C.youcanbeprofessionallysuccessfulwithoutadiploma

D.theleastyoushoulddoistogetadiploma

问题3选项

A.havedifficultiesgettingproperlyemployed

B.beemployedinthefieldsofcommerceorindustry

C.havetofilloutapplicationformsmonthaftermonthforothers

D.workinschoolsorcollegeswithlowpay

问题4选项

A.BernardShawdidn’tfinishhighschools,nordidEdison

B.TherearefarmorePhDsthanthesocietydemands

C.Thehigheryoureducationlevel,themoremoneyyouwillearn

D.Ifyouaretoowell-educated,you’llmakethingsdifficultforthesociety

问题5选项

A.theemployees

B.thePhDs

C.theemployers

D.thesociety

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句提到他们真正的期望是获得足够的教育来为社会提供人力（Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety），因此选项D符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第二段提到高中文凭是必要的，如果没有的话，除非你是萧伯纳或者爱迪生，如果你是他们，你小学辍学都行（unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool），因为他们就算没有文凭，也在各自领域中脱颖而出，因此选项C符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第五段倒数第一句话提到美国失业或未充分就业的博士人数比世界上其他国家要多（TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythananyotherpartoftheworldbyfar），由此可知选项A符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据文章第五段可知很多博士就业问题并不是很理想，由此可知选项C表述是错误的，符合题意。

5.判断推理题。无论是雇主、雇员还有博士生本人都是属于社会中的一员，一系列状况都是社会发展导致的，因此作者批判的是这个社会，因此选项D符合题意。

16.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertion(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)intheblank.

Example:

Televisionisrapidlybecomingtheliteratureofourperiod.

1._time_

Manyoftheargumentshavingusedforthestudyofliteratureasa

2.__/___

schoolsubjectarevalidfor∧studyoftelevision.

3._the__

Peoplewhosellgoodsandservicesoverthetelephoneare

calledtelemarketers.India,thePhilippines,ChinaandSouthAfrica

areamongcountrieswhiletelemarketingisagrowingindustry.Others,

1.______

suchasMauritius,wanttoenterintothebusiness.Thisshouldnotbe

2.______

difficultforcountriesofthetechnologyandinterests.Manyinternational

3.______

companieshavestartedtomovetheircallcenterjobstonationswhere

thewagesarehigher.Peoplemayhavenoideaifacallcenterworkeris

4.______

ontheothersideoftheworld.

Mostcallcentersareusednotonlyfortelemarketing.Workersalso

helpcustomers.Theycollectinformationwithcompanies.Infact,India’s

5.______

callcenterindustryhasdescribedas“thebackofficeoftheworld.”

6.______

AboutseventycompaniestheredotelemarketingforAmericanbusinesses.

Someexpertsestimatethatmorethan250,000telemarketingjobshave

alreadymovedoutoftheUnitedStates.Theseandotherjobsinthe

servicesindustryareexpectedtocontinuetoleaveofthecountry.

7.______

Thisamountcouldincreasedependingonhowalegalbattleovera

National“donotcall”listissettled.Morethanfifty-millionAmericanshave

signedontoanewgovernmentlisttopreventphonecallsfrom

telemarketers.Thesecallsofteninterferewithfamilytimesordinner.President

8.______

Bushsupportsthedo-not-calllist,thattookeffectthismonth.Telemarketers

9.______

couldfacelargefinesforviolations,thoughsomekindsofcallsarestill

permitted.Theindustrysaysthelistviolatestherightoffreespeech.Inaddition,

10.______

lawmakerswhorepresentareaswithcallcentersworryaboutthelossofjobs.

ThefearisthatmoreAmericancallcenterswillcloseormoveoverseasifthe

listisenforced.

【答案】1.while→where

2.into→/

3.of→with

4.higher→lower

5.with→for

6.has∧→been

7.of→/

8.times→time

9.that→which

10.of→to

【解析】1.考查关系代词的使用。由关键词countries“国家”可知，这里的先行词是指地点，所以应该用表示地点的关系代词where。

2.考查动词用法。enter在句子中表示“进入”，为及物动词，后面不需要跟介词into，所以把into去掉。

3.考查介词用法。of表示“……的”；根据句子Thisshouldnotbedifficultforcountriesofthetechnologyandinterests可知，句意为：