考研考博-英语-景德镇陶瓷大学科技艺术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-景德镇陶瓷大学科技艺术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Inanagewithoutradioorrecordings,anage（

）byprint,fictiongaineditsgreatestascendancy.

问题1选项

A.decimated

B.dominated

C.denigrated

D.emphasized

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。decimate“大批杀害”；dominate“支配；占优势”；denigrate“诋毁；玷污”；emphasize“强调”。在一个没有收音机或唱片的受印刷品支配的时代，小说有最大优势。由withoutradioorrecordings与print可知“支配”符合语境，故B项正确。

2.单选题

WiththereleaseofthePiano,apowerfullyemotionalstorysetinnineteenth-centuryNewZealandaboutawoman’ssexualawakening,theNewZealand—bornJaneCampionhasestablishedherselfasoneofthemosttalentedfemalefilmmakerstocomeuponthesceneinrecentyears.ThefilmnotonlyreceivedpraisefulreviewsfromcriticsandmoviegoersbutwontheCannesFilmFestivalstopprizethePalmeD’Or,makingCampionthefirstwomanovertobesohonored.Campion'ssuccessisnotablealsobecausesheisarelativenewcomertothefilmworld:theforty-year-olddirectorhasmadejustthreefeatures(includingThePiano),atelevisionmovie,andahandfulofshortsdatingfromherstudentdays.

AlthoughCampion’sfilmsappearatfirstglancetohavelittleincommon—herfirstfeature,Sweetie,isaveryhonest(somewouldsaycruellyunfeeling)portraitofadysfunctionalfamilyandhersecond,AnAngelatMyTable,isasympatheticbiographyofthenewZealandnovelistJanetFrame-eachreflectsherfeelingforstrong-willed,oftenmisunderstoodwomenwhorefuse,orareunabletogivethemselvesuptotheirrespectivesocieties'definitionsofwomanhood.AccordingtoDavidSterrittwritingintheChristianScienceMonitor,ThePiano"gainmuchofitseffectivenessfromCampionsdirectingstyle,whichcombinesthedreamlikeatmosphereofherearlyfilmSweetiewiththesensitivitytofeelingsthatmadeherlastmovieAnAngelatMyTable,soextraordinary."Alsocontributingtothefilm’ssuccesswasCampion'sabilitytoinducefineperformancesfromhercharacter."ShedirectsactorsdifferentlyfromanyoneI’veeverknown,"SamNeiltoldPaulFreemaninaninterviewfortheChicagoTribute"IalwaysfeltthattherewasabigsafetynetundertheandthatIwaspermittedtotakeasmanyrisksasIwantedto."GenevieveLemon,whohadplayedthetitleroleinSweetieandtookthesupportingroleofNessieinThePiano,agreedCampionisalreadyatworkonhernextprojectanadaptationofHenryJaures'snovelThePortraitofaLady.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,Campion'sthreemoviessharewhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

3.ItcanbeconcludedthatCampionisregardedasoneofthemosttalentedfilmmakersinrecentyearsbecause（）

.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatCampion'sdirectingstyleofthethirdmovie（）

.

5.TheauthorimpliesthatCampionisdifferentfromotherfilmmakersinthat（）

问题1选项

A.presentingtheinterrelationshipsbetweenCampionsthreemovies

B.commentingonJaneCampionasafilmmakerandherrecentmovie,ThePiano

C.explainingwhyThePianowasasuccess

D.criticizingJaneCampionandherthreemovies

问题2选项

A.Allofthemseemtobequitecommonplaceatfirstglance.

B.AllofthemdealwithstoriesthattookplaceinNewZealand.

C.Allofthemdescribeawomanwhoisrebelliousagainstthetraditionalviewoffemale.

D.Eachmovieminorsthetimewhenthemoviewasproduced.

问题3选项

A.themoviethathasbroughtsuchgreathonortoherisjustthethirdfeatureshehasproduced

B.sheisonly40yearsold

C.sheisthefirstwomanwhohasreceivedsuchhonors

D.shebeganhermovieproductionfromherstudentdays

问题4选项

A.isasimplecombinationofthoseinhertwoearlymovies

B.contributedgreatlytothesuccessofthemovie

C.ismuchofanimitationofpreviousones

D.isquitecreative

问题5选项

A.sheisespeciallygoodatmakingtheactorsperformtothebestoftheirability

B.sheisquiteabletoassuretheactorsoftheirsuccess

C.shetendstoencouragetheactorstotakeasmanyrisksaspossible

D.shealwaysplacesabigsafetynetundertheactorswhendirectingthemovies

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:通读全文可知，本文主要是讲JaneCampion和她最近的电影《钢琴课》。选项B正确。

第2题:根据原文可知，Campion一共拍了3部电影，看似都是平淡无奇，实则体现出新时代女性反对传统的观念。选项C符合原文。

第3题:根据第一段的最后一句话的内容可知，Campion之所以被认为是近年来最有天赋的制作人之一，因为她是电影界的新人：这位40岁的导演只拍过三部电影（包括钢琴课）、一部电视剧，还有几部学生时代的短片。电影届的新人说明Campion在这个年纪就已经拍出了不错的电影，为她带来如此巨大荣誉的电影只是她制作的第三部电影，后面还会有更大的发展，所以，选项A更符合原文。

第4题:根据第二段“ThePiano"gainmuchofitseffectivenessfromCampionsdirectingstyle.”钢琴课在很大程度上得益于Campion的导演风格，正是这种风格导致了电影的成功。所以选项B正确。

第5题:根据第二段”Alsocontributingtothefilm’ssuccesswasCampion'sabilitytoinducefineperformancesfromhercharacter.”可知，同样使电影获得成功的是Campion让演员尽其所能的能力。选项A符合原文。

3.单选题

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

问题1选项

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教养的B.Regulated调节的

C.Civil国民的；平民的D.Tame养驯的，驯服的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气”可知，野象脾气不稳定，而驯服的大象会更温顺，所以空格处表示“驯服的”符合句意，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】驯象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气。

4.单选题

Theengineersinthislabspentseveralweeks（）theirplansforthenewbicycle.

问题1选项

A.counting

B.stripping

C.elaborating

D.casting

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。count“计算总数，数数”；strip“剥去，去掉”；elaborate“精心制作，详细阐述”；cast“投，抛”。句意：工程师们在这个实验室里花了数周时间（）新自行车计划。能与plans搭配的只有C项“详细说明”。

5.单选题

Starstwinkle（）theturbulentstateoftheairthroughwhichtheirlightpasses.

问题1选项

A.inspiteof

B.asaresultof

C.inadditionto

D.withregardto

【答案】B

【解析】句意:星星的闪烁是由星光穿过湍流状态的空气而形成的。

考查短语辨析。inspiteof尽管，不管，不顾；asaresultof因此，由于；inadditionto除…之外；withregardto关于，至于。因此B符合句意。

6.单选题

MyfatherhadreturnedfromhisbusinessvisittoLondonwhenIcamein,ratherlate,tosupper.Icouldtellatoncethatheandmymotherhadbeendiscussingsomething.Inthathalf-playful,half-seriouswayIknewsowell,hesaid,“HowwouldyouliketogotoEton?”

“Youbet,”Icriedquicklycatchingthejoke.Everyoneknewitwasthemostexpensive,themostfamousofschools.Youhadtobeenteredatbirth,ifnotbefore.Besides,evenat12or13,Iunderstoodmyfather.Hedislikedanyformofshowingoff.Healwaysknewhisproperstationinlife,whichwasinthemiddleofthemiddleclass,ourhousewassemi-detached;hehadshrunkfromjoiningthearistocraticRoyalLiverpoolGolfClubandapproachedasmalleroneinstead;thoughoncehehadacquiredasecond-handRolls-Royceataremarkablylowprice,hefeltembarrasseddrivingit,andquicklychangeditforanAustin1100.

Thiscouldonlybehisdelightfulwayoftellingmethatthewholeboardingschoolideawastobedropped.Alas!Ishouldalsohaverememberedthathehadalikingforbeingdifferentfromeveryoneelse,ifitdidnotconflictwithhisfearofdrawingattentiontohimself.

ItseemedthathehadhappenedtobetalkingtoGrahamBrownoftheLondonoffice,averynicefellow,andGrahamhadafriendwhohadjustenteredhisboyattheschool,andwhilehewasinthatpartoftheworldhethoughthemightjustaswellphonethem.Iremembermyeyesstingingandmyhandsshakingwiththeconfusionofmyfeelings.Therewasexcitement,attheheartofgreatsadness.

“Oh,hedoesn’twanttogoaway,”saidmymother,“Youshouldn’tgoonlikethis.”“It’suptohim,”saidmyfather.“Hecanmakeuphisownmind.”

1.IfafatherwantstosendhissontoEton,hehadbetterapplyforit____.

2.Thehousetheylivedinwas____.

3.HisfathersoldhisRolls-Roycebecause____.

4.Thewriter’sfatherenjoyedbeingdifferentaslongas____.

5.Whatwasthewriter’sreactiontotheideaofgoingtoboarding-school?

问题1选项

A.assoonashissonisborn

B.whenhissonis12or13

C.evenbeforehissonisborn

D.onlyifhissonisclever

问题2选项

A.thebesttheycouldafford

B.rightfortheirsocialposition

C.neartheGolfClub

D.rathersmall

问题3选项

A.itmadehimfeeluneasy

B.itwastoooldtobeefficient

C.itwastooexpensivetoown

D.heneededmoneythen

问题4选项

A.itenabledhimtoshowoff

B.itdidn’tinvolvehiminarguments

C.itwasunderstoodasajoke

D.therewasnodangerofhisshowingoff

问题5选项

A.Hewasveryunhappy.

B.Hehadmixedfeelings.

C.Hewasdelighted.

D.Hedidn’tbelieveit.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

IfafatherwantstosendhissontoEton,hehadbetterapplyforit____.如果一个父亲想送他的儿子去伊顿公学，他最好在____就申请。

A.assoonashissonisbornA.儿子一出生

B.whenhissonis12or13B.儿子12岁或13岁时

C.evenbeforehissonisbornC.儿子出生前

D.onlyifhissoniscleverD.除非他的儿子聪明的时候

【答案】C

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第二段“如果出生前没有，那么你必须在出生时登记。（Youhadtobeenteredatbirth,ifnotbefore.）”由此可知如果没有在出生前登记，那么必须在出生时登记。由此可推断，最好在出生前就申请。因此选C。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“儿子一出生”，根据推断，最好是在出生前登记，该选项属于反向干扰；

B选项“儿子12岁或13岁时”，根据推断，最好是在出生前登记，该选项属于反向干扰；

D选项“除非他的儿子聪明的时候”，曲解原文，该选项属于过度推断。

2.【选项释义】

Thehousetheylivedinwas____.他们住的房子____。

A.thebesttheycouldaffordA.是他们能负担得起的最好的房子

B.rightfortheirsocialpositionB.与他们的社会地位相称

C.neartheGolfClubC.在高尔夫俱乐部附近

D.rathersmallD.相当小

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第二段第六句“他总是知道自己在生活中应有的地位（hisproperstationinlife），也就是中产阶级的中间阶层，我们的房子是半独立式的。”由此可知，作者的父亲非常清楚自己的社会地位，所以可推断他们的房子与他们的社会地位相称。因此选B。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“是他们能负担得起的最好的房子”，文章没有体现，该选项属于无中生有；

C选项“在高尔夫俱乐部附近”，文章只是说父亲减少去贵族式高尔夫俱乐部，并不是说他们房子在高尔夫俱乐部附近，该选项属于曲解原文；

D选项“相当小”，根据文章可知，他们的房子是半独立式的，并没有相当小，该选项属于反向干扰。

3.【选项释义】

HisfathersoldhisRolls-Roycebecause____.他的父亲卖掉了他的劳斯莱斯汽车，因为____。

A.itmadehimfeeluneasyA.它使他感到不安

B.itwastoooldtobeefficientB.它太旧了，效率不高

C.itwastooexpensivetoownC.拥有它太贵了

D.heneededmoneythenD.那时他需要钱

【答案】A

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第二段最后一句“尽管有一次他以极低的价格买了一辆二手劳斯莱斯，但开起来他觉得很尴尬（hefeltembarrasseddrivingit），于是很快就把它换成了奥斯汀1100。”由此可知作者的父亲觉得开劳斯莱斯很尴尬，可推断这辆车使他感到不安。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“它太旧了，效率不高”，文中没有体现，该选项属于无中生有；

C选项“拥有它太贵了”，文中提到“尽管有一次他以极低的价格买了一辆二手劳斯莱斯”，可知这辆汽车并不是太贵了，该选项属于反向干扰；

D选项“那时他需要钱”，由文中定位点可知，并不是需要钱而是作者的父亲觉得开起来太尴尬，该选项属于过度推断。

4.【选项释义】

Thewriter’sfatherenjoyedbeingdifferentaslongas____.作者的父亲喜欢与众不同，只要____。

A.itenabledhimtoshowoffA.这能让他炫耀

B.itdidn’tinvolvehiminargumentsB.不卷入争论

C.itwasunderstoodasajokeC.这被理解为一个笑话

D.therewasnodangerofhisshowingoffD.他没有炫耀的危险

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第三段最后一句“我也应该记得，他喜欢与众不同，如果这与他害怕引起别人注意的恐惧不冲突的话（hehadalikingforbeingdifferentfromeveryoneelse,ifitdidnotconflictwithhisfearofdrawingattentiontohimself）。”由此可知，作者的父亲喜欢与众不同，但是不希望引起别人的注意。由此可推断，作者的父亲不希望他有炫耀的风险。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“这能让他炫耀”，由推断可知，作者的父亲并不想炫耀，该选项与原文意思相反，属于反向干扰；

B选项“不卷入争论”，文中只是说他害怕引起别人注意，并没有说争论，该选项属于过度推断；

C选项“这被理解为一个笑话”，曲解原文，属于过度推断。

5.【选项释义】

Whatwasthewriter’sreactiontotheideaofgoingtoboarding-school?作者对上寄宿学校的想法有什么反应？

A.Hewasveryunhappy.A.他很不高兴。

B.Hehadmixedfeelings.B.他百感交集。

C.Hewasdelighted.C.他很高兴。

D.Hedidn’tbelieveit.D.他不相信。

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到倒数第二段最后两句“我记得我的眼睛刺痛，我的手颤抖，因为我的感觉混乱。兴奋之情溢于言表，但内心却极度悲伤。（Iremembermyeyesstingingandmyhandsshakingwiththeconfusionofmyfeelings.Therewasexcitement,attheheartofgreatsadness.）”由此可知，作者既开心又难过，可推断他内心百感交集。因此选B。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“他很不高兴。”，文中说的是作者既开心又难过，并不是很不高兴，该选项属于反向干扰；

C选项“他很高兴。”，文中作者内心也有悲伤的感觉不仅仅是高兴，该选项属于以偏概全；

D选项“他不相信。”，文中没有体现，该选项属于无中生有。

7.单选题

Carbondioxideandothernaturallyoccurringgasesintheearth’satmospherecreateanaturalgreenhouseeffectbytrappingandabsorbingsolarradiation.Thesegasesactasablanketandkeeptheplanetwarmenoughforlifetosurviveandflourish.Thewarmingoftheearthisbalancedbysomeoftheheatescapingfromtheatmospherebackintospace.Withoutthiscompensatingflowofheatoutofthesystem,thetemperatureoftheearth’ssurfaceanditsatmospherewouldrisesteadily.

Scientistsareincreasinglyconcernedaboutahuman-drivengreenhouseeffectresultingfromariseinatmosphericlevelsofcarbondioxideandotherheat-trappinggreenhousegases.Theman-madegreenhouseeffectistheexhalationofindustrialcivilization.Amajorcontributingfactoristheburningoflargeamountsoffossilfuels—coal,petroleum,andnaturalgas.Anotheristhedestructionoftheworld’sforests,whichreducestheamountofcarbondioxideconvertedtooxygenbyplants.Emissionsofcarbondioxide,chlorofluorocarbons,nitrousoxide,andmethanefromhumanactivitieswillenhancethegreenhouseeffect,causingtheearth’ssurfacetobecomewarmer.Themaingreenhousegas,watervapor,willincreaseinresponsetoglobalwarmingandfurtherenhanceit.

Thereisagreementwithinthescientificcommunitythatthebuildupofgreenhousegasesisalreadycausingtheearth’saveragesurfacetemperaturetorise.Thisischangingglobalclimateatanunusuallyfastrate.AccordingtotheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization,theearth’saveragetemperatureclimbedabout1degreeFinthepastcentury,andnineofthetenwarmestyearsonrecordhaveoccurredsince1990.AUnitedNationspanelhaspredictedthataverageglobaltemperaturescouldriseasmuchas10.5degreesFduringthenextcenturyasheart-trappinggasesfromhumanindustryaccumulateintheatmosphere.

Whatarethepotentialimpactsofanenhancedgreenhouseeffect?Accordingtoestimatesbyaninternationalcommittee,NorthAmericanclimaticzonescouldshiftnorthwardbyasmuchas550kilometers(340miles).Suchachangeinclimatewouldlikelyaffectallsectorsofsociety.Insomeareas,heatandmoisturestresswouldcutcropyields,andtraditionalfarmingpracticeswouldhavetochange.Forexample,intheNorthAmericangrainbelt,highertemperaturesandmorefrequentdroughtduringthegrowingseasonmightrequirefarmerstoswitchfromcorntowheatandtousemorewaterforirrigation.

Globalwarmingmayalsocauseariseinsealevelbymeltingpolaricecaps.Ariseinsealevelwouldacceleratecoastalerosionandinundateislandsandlow-lyingcoastalplains,someofwhicharedenselypopulated.Millionsofacresofcoastalfarmlandswouldbecoveredbywater.Furthermore,thewarmingofseawaterwillcausethewatertoexpand,thusaddingtothepotentialdanger.

Globalwarminghasalreadyleftitsfingerprintonthenaturalworld.Tworesearchteamsrecentlyreviewedhundredsofpublishedpapersthattrackedchangesintherangeandbehaviorofplantandanimalspecies,andtheyfoundampleevidenceofplantsbloomingandbirdsnestingearlierinthespring.Bothteamsconcludedthatrisingglobaltemperaturesareshiftingtherangesofhundredsofspecies—thusclimaticzones—northward.Thesestudiesarehardevidencethatthenaturalworldisalreadyrespondingdramaticallytoclimatechange,eventhoughthechangehasjustbegun.Ifglobalwarmingtrendscontinue,changesintheenvironmentwillhaveanenormousimpactonworldbiology.Birdsespeciallyplayacriticalroleintheenvironmentbypollinatingplants,dispersingseeds,andcontrollinginsectpopulations;thus,changesintheirpopulationswillreverberatethroughouttheecosystemstheyinhabit.

1.Accordingtothepassage,howdocarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesaffecttheearth-atmospheresystem?

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3aboutglobalclimatechange?

3.Accordingtoparagraph4,whatisoneeffectthatclimatechangecouldhaveonagricultureinNorthAmerica?

4.Whydoestheauthorusetheword“fingerprint”inparagraph6?

5.Whatevidencedoestheauthorgivethatclimaticzoneshaveshiftednorthward?

问题1选项

A.Theycollectsolarradiationthatwarmstheearth’ssurface.

B.Theycreatetheconditionsfornewformsoflifetoemerge.

C.Theycauseheattoflowfromtheatmosphereintospace.

D.Theydecreasetheamountofoxygenintheatmosphere.

问题2选项

A.Climatechangewillhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonhumansociety.

B.Itisdifficulttopredicttheeffectsofclimatechangeoverthenextcentury.

C.Internationalorganizationshavebeenstudyingclimatechangeonlysince1990.

D.Climatechangeislikelytocontinueaslongasheat-trappinggasesaccumulate.

问题3选项

A.Returntomoretraditionalmethodsoffanning

B.Movementoffarmstothenorthernmostregions

C.Changesinthecropsthatfarmerscangrow

D.Lesswateravailableforirrigatingcrops

问题4选项

A.Toshowthathundredsoffingerprintswereexamined

B.Tointroduceconclusiveevidenceofglobalwarming

C.Todescribeamethodusedbytworesearchteams

D.Tosuggestthatpeopledonotcauseglobalwarming

问题5选项

A.Solarradiationescapesfromtheatmospherebackintospace.

B.Thewaterintheoceanexpandsasitgetswarmer.

C.Plantsbloomandbirdsbuildnestsearlierinthespring

D.Birdsnolongerpollinateplantsorcontrolinsectpopulation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Carbondioxideandothernaturallyoccurringgasesintheearth’satmospherecreateanaturalgreenhouseeffectbytrappingandabsorbingsolarradiation提到二氧化碳与其他气体是通过捕获和吸收太阳辐射而形成了温室效应。选项A符合题意。

2.文章第三段提到联合国一个专门小组已预测，随着人类工业的吸热气体在地球大气层的逐渐增加，全球平均气温在下个世纪可能上升10.5华氏度，选项D“只要吸热气体不断累积，气候变化就可能继续”符合题意。

3.文章第四段主要提及了温室效应的潜在影响（potentialimpacts），并举了北美谷物种植带的例子来说明气温如果持续增高，当地人民只能种植小麦而不再种植玉米。选项C“农民可以种植的作物发生变化”符合题意。

4.文章第六段提到研究团队通过查阅众多相关资料证明自然世界对气候变化已经做出了的回应是引人注目的（Thesestudiesarehardevidencethatthenaturalworldisalreadyrespondingdramaticallytoclimatechange,eventhoughthechangehasjustbegun.）由此可以推知fingerprint在这里有“证据”的意思。选项B符合题意。

5.文章最后一段theyfoundampleevidenceofplantsbloomingandbirdsnestingearlierinthespring提到研究人员发现充分的证据，比如春天里植物开花和鸟类筑巢在时间上提前。由此可知选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

AllprogramscelebratingtheSpringFestivalintheCCTVhavebeen（relayed）toevenpartoftheworldthroughsatellites.

问题1选项

A.received

B.reserved

C.rebroadcast

D.enjoyed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：央视所有庆祝春节的节目都通过卫星转播到世界各地。划线词的前缀是re-，选项A和B不符合句意，所以选项C正确。

9.单选题

“Youtrytogetsomesleep.I’ll______thepatient’sbreakfast”,saidthenurse.

问题1选项

A.seeto

B.stickto

C.getto

D.leadto

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.seeto注意，负责B.stickto坚持

C.getto到达，开始，接触到D.leadto导致，通向

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“我来______病人的早餐”可知，空格处填入seeto表示“负责”符合句意，所以该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】护士说：“你试着睡一会儿。我来负责病人的早餐。”

10.单选题

We’veallheardaboutendangeredanimals.Creatureslikethecriticallyendangeredblackrhinocerosarefamous.Butwhatarethemostendangeredplants?Theymightnotbeasexcitingorloveableasanimals,buttheyarejustasimportanttotheecosystem一andhumanityreliesonthatecosystem.

Herearethreeofthemostthreatenedplantstoday.（1）Theseplantsoccupysomeofthemostinaccessible,remotepartsofourplanet.Theyarethreatenedbyhabitatdestruction,illegalcollection,poaching,andcompetitionwithinvadingspecies.

Attenborough’spitcherplantisknownonlyfromtherelativelyinaccessiblesummitofMountVictoriainPalawaninthePhilippines.Therearethoughttobeonlyafewhundredofthem.

（2）

Attenborough’spitcherplantisoneofthebiggest,withpitchersupto30cminheightthatcantrapinsectsandrats.Itwasonlydiscoveredin2007whenateamofbotanists,tippedoffbytwoChristianmissionaries,scaledMountVictoria.

（3）

Thesuicidepalmisagiganticpalmfoundonlyinremotepartsofnorth-westMadagascar.Itlivesforabout50years,thenflowersonlyonce,anddiessoonafter.Suicidepalmswerediscoveredin2005byacashewplantationmanagerduringafamilyouting,andformallydescribedin2008.Withtrunksreaching18minheight,andhugefan-leavesupto5macross,thepalmscanbeseenonGoogleEarth.

（4）

Thecoraltree,withitsbrightredflowersandspinytrunk,occursonlyintheremoteforestsofsouth-eastTanzania.

（5）

However,theforestpatchwasclearedtogrowbiofuels,andthespecieswasfearedtohavegoneextinctagainuntilitwasre-rediscoveredto2011.Therearenowfewerthan50matureindividualsinthewild,inasingleunprotectedlocation.

问题1选项

A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.

B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).

C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998，butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.

D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.

E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.

F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.

问题2选项

A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.

B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).

C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998，butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.

D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.

E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.

F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.

问题3选项

A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.

B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).

C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998，butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.

D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.

E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.

F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.

问题4选项

A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.

B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).

C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998，butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.

D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.

E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.

F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.

问题5选项

A.Pitcherplantsarecarnivorousplantsthattrapanimalsinliquid-filledbowlscalledpitchers.

B.TheyarealmostallclassedascriticallyendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN).

C.Itwasdeclaredextinctin1998，butrediscoveredin2001inasmallpatchofforest.

D.Asaresult,thepopulationhasdroppedmorethan95%overthelast20years.

E.Thereareonlyabout90inthewild.

F.ItisnamedafterBritishnaturalhistorybroadcasterDavidAttenborough.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:F

第4题:E

第5题:C

【解析】1.联系上下文。前文中提及如今有三种极度濒危的植物，由此可判断，下面的内容将进一步说明这三种濒危植物，选项B提及它们被国际自然保护联盟认定为极度濒危的等级。句中they与上文的threeplants对应，criticallyendangered与上文的mostthreatened呼应。

2.联系上下文。空格句的前后文中都提及了Attenborough’spitcherplant,由此可知，空格句子也是有关该植物的，选项中只有A提及pitcherplant,与之呼应。

3.联系上下文。空格所在句的主要内容为Attenborough’spitcherplant，选项F提到了Attenborough,指出猪笼草(pitcherplant)是以一个英国自然历史播音员的名字命名的，与前句中提到的discovered...whenateamofbotanists呼应。

4.联系上下文。原文第四段介绍濒临灭绝的植物——自杀棕榈，对其各项基本信息进行了详细说明，空格处句子也应该是有关这种濒危植物的介绍，选项E最符合

5.联系上下文。空格句的下文中提及theforestpatch,空格句子应与之对应，选项C中提及patchofforest。

11.单选题

He（）amessengertotellthekingwhathadhappened.

问题1选项

A.dispatched

B.authorized

C.nominated

D.entrusted

【答案】A

【解析】dispatch派遣；authorize授权；nominate任命；entrust委托。句意：他派了一个使者去告诉国王发生了什么事。选项B和C太过于正式；选项D不符合语境；所以选项A更恰当。

12.单选题

TheFrenchandtheAmericanshaveaverydifferentrelationshiptomoney,（

）andostentation.

问题1选项

A.obnoxious

B.obfuscate

C.optimum

D.opulence

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近词辨析。obnoxious讨厌的；obfuscate使模糊；optimum最佳效果；opulence富裕。句意：法国人和美国人在对待金钱，奢华，以及炫富的关系上大不相同。空格处应填入一个和money并列的名词。

13.单选题

Afewyearsago,AnnandWalterTaylorthoughtitmightbetimetomoveoutoftheirNewYorkCityapartmenttothesuburbs.Theyhadoneyoungsonandanotherchildontheway.Butaftermonthsoflooking,theybecamediscouragedanddecidedtobuyanoldtownhouserightinthemiddleofBrooklyn,whichisapartofNewYorkCity.Totheirdelight,theydiscoveredthattheyweren'ttheonlyyoungcoupletohavemadesuchadecision.Infact,theentireareainBrooklynhadbeensettledbyyoungfamilies.Andasaresult,theneighborhood,whichhadbeendecliningforyears,wasnowbeingrestored.

Brooklynisn'ttheonlycityintheUnitedStatestoexperiencethiskindofrenewal.SoarePhiladelphiaandSt.Louis.AndCharleston,SouthCarolina,hassosuccessfullyrebuiltitsoldcentralareathatitnowranksasoneofAmerica'smostcharmingcities.TherestorationoftheoldportcityofSavannah,Georgia,isalsolivingproofthatdowntownareasdonotneedtodie.Butencouragingasthesedevelopmentsmaybe,theyareamongthefewbrightspotsinamassofdifficultiesthattoday'scitiesface.Indeed,theirwoesaresomanythatitisfairtoaskwhetherornottheinnercity,thecoreofmosturbanareaswillmanagetosurviveatall.

Inthe1940s,urbanAmericansbeganamassmovetothesuburbsinsearchoffreshair,Elbowroom,andprivacy.Suburbsbegantosprawloutacrossthecountryside.Sincemostofthosemakingthemoveweremiddle-class,theytookwiththemthetaxmoneythecitiesneededtomaintaintheneighborhoodsinwhichtheyhadlived.Thepeopleleftinthecitieswereoftenthosewhoweretoooldortoopoortomove.Thus,manycitiesbegantofallintodisrepair.Crimebegantosoar,andpublictransportationwasneglected.(InthepastsixtyyearsSanFranciscoistheonlycityintheUnitedStatestohavecompletedanewmasstransitsystem.)Meanwhile,housingconstructioncostscontinuedtorisehigherandhigher.Middle-classhousingwasallowedtodecay,andlittlenewhousingwasconstructed.

Eventually,manydowntownareasexistedforbusinessonly.Duringthedaytheywouldbefilledwithpeopleworkinginoffices,andatnighttheywouldbedeserted.Giventhesecircumstances,somebusinessexecutivesbeganasking,“Whybotherwithgoingdowntownatall?Whynotmovetheofficestothesuburbssothatwecanliveandworkinthesamearea?”Gradually,someofthelargercompaniesbeganmovingoutofthecities,withtheresultthaturbancentersdeclinedevenfurtherandsuburbsexpandedstillmore.ThismovementofbusinessestothesuburbsisnotconfinedtotheUnitedStates.BusinesseshavealsobeenmovingtothesuburbsinStockholm,Sweden,InBonn,Germany,andinBrussels,Belgium,aswell.

Butitmaywellbethatthismovementtothesuburbshasreacheditspeak.Somepeoplemaybetiredofspendinglonghourscommuting,andtheymayhavebeguntomisstheadvantagesofcultureandcompanionshipprovidedbycitylife.PerhapsthedecisionmadebyTaylorsisasignthatpeoplewillreturntothecitiesandbegintore