英语试题及答案

英语试题及答案英语试题及答案英语试题及答案xxx公司英语试题及答案文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度I.ReadingComprehensionPassageOneIfleadership,basicallyspeaking,consistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’sessentialtools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolisbeyondtheirgrasp,availableonlytothecharismatic(有魅力的)andtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,though,experimentalpsychologistshavelearnedwhichmethodsreliablyleadpeopletocompromise,dissent,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilartothemthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,enlistpeerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarelikethemaswellasthosewholikethem.Soit’sworththetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffergenuinepraise.Third,experimentsconfirmtheintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It’ssoundpolicytodoafavorbeforeseekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyandexplicitly.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydohaverespectforexperts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’sself-evident.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommoditywhenit’sscarce;itfollows,then,thatexclusiveinformationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.1.Manyexecutivesthinkthat________.A)theydon’thavetoacquiretheskillsofpersuasionB)theyhavemasteredtheskillsofpersuasionC)itisimpossibleforthemtohandlepersuasionD)persuasionisofnouse2.Thepsychologists’researchshowsthat________.A)persuasionisbeyondaveragepeople’sgraspB)persuasioncanbelearnedC)peopletendtoignoretheimportanceofpersuasionD)peoplearebornwiththeabilitytopersuade3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplearelesswillingtoworktogetherwith________.A)thosewhoaredifferentfromthemB)theirrelativesandfriendsC)thosewholikethemD)theirclassmatesandteachers4.Theauthorwarnsthemanager________.A)tohaveanypromisemadebyotherswrittendownB)nottobreaktheirpromisesC)tomakepromisesexplicitlyandwillinglyD)tohelppeoplekeeptheirpromises5.Theexecutivescanstrengthentheirposition________.A)eveniftheydon’thaveanyexpertiseB)iftheyknowsomethingunknowntotheirsubordinatesC)iftheyhavemorecommoditiesD)eveniftheydon’tknowhowtopersuadePassageTwoTradesecretescovereverythingthatpatentscover,andmuchmore.Atradesecretisknowledge,whichmayincludebusinessknowledgeortechnicalknowledge,thatiskeptsecretforthepurposeofgaininganadvantageinbusinessoverone’scompetitors.Customerlists,sourcesofsupplyofscarcematerial,orsourcesofsupplywithfasterdeliveryorlowerpricesmaybetradesecrets.Certainly,secretprocesses,formulas,techniques,manufacturingknow-how,advertisingschemes,marketingprograms,andbusinessplansareallprotectable.Thereisnostandardofinventiontomeetasthereiswithapatent.Iftheideaisnewinthiscontext,ifitissecretwithrespecttothisparticularindustryorproduct,thenitcanbeprotectedasatradesecret.Unlikepatents,trademarks,andcopyrights,thereisnoformalprocedureforobtainingtradesecretprotection.Protectionisestablishedbythenatureofthesecretandtheefforttokeepitsecret.Atradesecretisprotectedeternallyagainstdisclosurebyallthosewhohavereceiveditinconfidenceandallwhowouldobtainitbytheftforaslongastheknowledgeorinformationiskeptsecret.Incontrasttopatentprotection,therearenostatutory(法定的)requirementsfornoveltyorrestrictionsonthesubjectmatter.Thedisadvantageoftradesecretscomparedwithpatentsisthatthereisnoprotectionagainstdiscoverybyfairmeans,suchasaccidentaldisclosureandindependentinventions.Manyimportantinventions,suchasthelaserandtheairplane,weredevelopedmoreorlesssimultaneouslybydifferentpersons.Tradesecretprotectionwouldnotpermitthefirstinventortopreventthesecondandsubsequentinventorsfromexploitingtheinventionasapatentwould.6.Comparedwithpatents,tradesecrets________.A)areeasiertoprotect B)shouldmeetcertainstandardofinventionC)needstatutorysupport D)coveralargerscope7.________isatradesecret.A)MinMcDonald B)AnemploymentcontractC)AManualofVolkswagon D)Formula8.Theprotectionof________becomeseffectivewithoutanyformalprocedure.A)tradesecrets B)patents C)copyrights D)trademarks9.Atradesecretdoesn’thavetobesomething________.A)novel B)unique C)complicated D)useful10.Unlikepatents,________.A)tradesecretscanbeobtainedbyothersillegallyII.VocabularyandStructure11.Evennow,WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)specialistsarenotcompletelysurethatthecoronavirus(冠状病毒),whichtheyhaveidentifiedinpatients,isthesolecause,andtherearemany_____featuresaboutthemethodoftransmission.A)intriguing B)shiny C)puzzling D)aggressive12.InthesummerJimandIhavebreakfastoutonthe_____.A)avenue B)cabin C)open D)patio13.Thetroopswereina(n)_____position,completelyexposedtoattackfromtheair.A)remarkable B)grave C)vulnerable D)indispensable14.Hecamebacktothetentverylateand_____inassilentlyashecould.A)crept B)skied C)fluttered D)wandered15.Allthepathsacrossthepark_____atthemaingate.A)converge B)transform C)depart D)diverge16.Itissurprisingsuchacriminalshould_____agreatscholar.A)passfor B)regardas C)singleout D)boastas17.Thisnationhasdefeatedtyrants,_____deathcampsandraisedthislampoflibertytoeverycaptiveland.A)overseen B)enforced C)liberated D)unsung18.Be_____.Ourcountryisstrong.Andourcauseisevenlargerthanourcountry.Oursisthecauseofhumandignity:freedomguidedbyconscience,andguardedbypeace.A)diligent B)prepared C)capable D)confident19.Thatstoryhastoomanygapsinitto_____.A)makesense B)makeit C)makelike D)makeover20.TheBushadministrationsaysthetaxcutswillgivethe.economyandtheworldeconomyabadlyneededboostandthefastergrowthwillhelplower._____deficitsinthecomingyears.A)tariff B)statistics C)budget D)existence21.ThedevelopmentandresearchofTMD(ThreatMissileDefenceSystem)doesnot_____thetrendofthetimes.A)resultin B)gowith C)standup D)headfor22.Insurancecompaniesblamerisingmedicalbillsforhigh_____costs.A)policy B)painful C)household D)guarantee23.AdherencetotheprincipleofoneChinaisthebasisand_____forpeacefulreunification.A)premise B)settlement C)commitment D)arrangement24.MorganCanadasaidthespreadoftheSARSviruscouldslashupto_____pointsoffApril-JunegrowthinCanada.A)percentage B)undergrowth C)commitment D)recovery25.RecentlyIwasvisitedbyaverygoodfriendwhohadjustreturnedfromalongwalkinthewoods,andIaskedherwhatshehadobserved.“Nothing_____,”shereplied.A)asaresult B)inparticular C)onbalance D)atthatpoint26.You’vegotsomethinginyoureye–try_____youreyesafewtimes.A)orbiting B)blinking C)spraying D)diverging27.Hispersistentmoaningabouthispersonalproblemshasbeenreally_____melately.A)bugging B)enforcing C)transforming D)compelling28.Thefactoryworkersallstarworkingat8:00.and_____at3:00.A)headfor B)takeoff C)closein D)knockoff29.The.HouseofRepresentativespassedabillthismonthmakingonlinegamblingafederalcrime.Criticsoftheindustrysaythecrackdownis_____.A)onasmallscale B)atrisk C)onthelatch D)longoverdue30.Theparentssaidtheywouldonnoaccount_____intheironlychildthesmallestdegreeofarrogance.A)authorize B)converge C)recommend D)adoptIII.Cloze(10%)Theexpression“lameduck”,canbeheardinalmostanyAmericantownorcity,especiallywherepeoplediscusspolitics.Mostoften,theyuseitto_31_apoliticianwhohascometotheendofhispower–aCongressman,forexample,whohasafewmoreweeksinofficeandwill_32_beoutofajob.Thereareanumberofideas_33_where“lameduck”camefrom,_34_thepictureisclearenough–aduckthathasitswingsclipped,oritsweb-feetinjured,andcan_35_walkorwaddlelikeahealthyone.ThetermseemstohavecreptintotheAmericanlanguagesometimeafterthe_36_warof1861-1865.Oneexplanationisthatitcamefromthelanguageofhunterswhofeltthatitwasfoolishto_37_powderortimeonadeadduck.Andalameduck–evenasittingduck–iscloseto_38_adeadduck.Anotherexplanation,however,saysthattheexpressioncame_39_England.Thereitwasusedtodescribeamanwholostallhis_40_instocks,wascleanedoutandcouldnotpayhisdebts.Hecouldnonothing_41_waddleofflikealameduck.And–sothestorygoes–peopleshowed_42_mercyforthepoorfellow.ButintheUnitedStatespeopletookthephrasetodescribeacongressmanwho_43_togetreelectedbutstillhadalittletimeleftinofficeuntilhissuccessorwasswornin.Intime,theexpressionwasusedinabroader_44_,generallydescribinganyman_45_daysofpowerwerecomingtoanend.IthasoftenbeenusedtodescribethepositionofanAmericanpresidentinthelasttwoyearsorsoofhissecond_46_.Itisadifficulttimeforhim,whenCongressisreadyto_47_himateveryturn.ItmayrefusetoworkwithhimsimplybecausehisdaysintheWhiteHousearenumbered._48_sunissetting.Itisnotahappytime.Itislikeoldagecomingon.Andpeople,likeanimals,arecrueltolameducks,readyto_49_themout.Theireyesarealreadyturnedtowardthenewleader,thenewmanin_50_.31.A)promote B)judge C)reward D)describe32.A)then B)also C)thus D)already33.A)onto B)above C)to D)asto34.A)for B)since C)although D)once35.A)usually B)nolonger C)ofcourse D)still36.A)national B)word C)civil D)country37.A)save B)waste C)utilize D)consume38.A)be B)pretending C)being D)taming39.A)to B)outof C)across D)from40.A)money B)salary C)treasure D)property41.A)else B)and C)but D)except42.A)much B)little C)their D)some43.A)used B)failed C)attempted D)wasasked44.A)sense B)zones C)range D)respect45.A)when B)ofwhich C)ofhow D)whose46.A)term B)time C)substitute D)stage47.A)identify B)lodge C)prefer D)oppose48.A)His B)Their C)Its D)The49.A)hold B)hint C)drive D)find50.A)use B)command C)prejudice D)preferenceComprehension1-10CBAABDDAAAII.VocabularyandStructure11-30CDCAAACDACBAAABBADDACloze31-50DADCBCBCDACBBADADACBSeetheWorldItisquitevitalforuniversitystudentstoseethesociety.Havingstayedintheivorytowerforovertenyearstolearnalotoftheoreticalknowledgefromtextbooks,thestudentsstillfeelbewilderedassoonastheystepoutofthecampus.Itistimetheygottoknowtheworldoutsidethecampusrightnow.fortunately,thesocietyhasofferedthemvariousopportunitiestopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinschool.Theycanlearntocooperatewithothersandtocontributetheirknowledgetothesociety.Oneofmyfriendsoncemanagedtofindapart-timejoboftutoringagirlof8.Throughthisexperience,hehaslearnedhowtodealwithpeopleandhowtodedicatehislovetopeoplewhoareinneedofit.Consequently,hecanalwaysbereadywhenconfrontedwithachancetoknowtheworldforhehasreallybenefitedalotfromit.ExaminationManyargumentsexistabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofanexam.Somestudentscomplainthattheirteachershavegiventhemtoomanyexamsandtheyhavelittlesparetimewhereasteachersholdittruethatsomeoftheirstudentsdonotworkhardonlybecausetheydonothavefrequentexaminations.Theexaminationscanshowwhatandhowmuchastudenthasmastered.Itisfairlyevidentthatateacherpreferstogivehisstudentsatestafterhehasfinishedteachingaunit.Onthepartofateacher,hecanfindhowwellhisstudentshavegraspedintheunitlearning.Onthepartofthestudents,theycanlearnwhataspectstheyfailtomasterandshouldpaymoreattentiontolater.Therefore,examinations,ifgivenatreasonableintervals,canbenefitboththeteachersandthestudents.Fromexaminations,teacherscanfigureoutwhatpointstheyhavemissedinteachingandmustworkhardtoimproveandthestudentscanalsofocustheirconcentrationontheirweakness.Children’sBooksDifferentbooksaredesignedfordifferentpeople.Picturebooksareusuallyforbabiesandchildren.Lovestoriesandnovelsarewrittenmainlyforyoungpeople.Bookswithsuchpurposesashealthandmedicalcarearewelcometooldpeople.Childrenarenotsupposedtoreadallkindofbooks.Owingtoaratherlimitedexperie