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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京第二外国语学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Icouldn'tsleepbecausethetapinthebathroomwas______.

问题1选项

A.draining

B.dropping

C.spilling

D.dripping

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。drain“排水;流干”;drop“落下”;spill“溢出”;drip“使滴下;溢出”。句意:浴室的水龙头一直在滴水,使我无法入睡。因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

China'sfirstsetofregulationsonhumanorgantransplant,whichprohibitsorganizationsandindividualsfromtradinghumanorgansinanyform,()onMay1st,2007.

问题1选项

A.fellback

B.fellshort

C.wentintoeffect

D.cametothepoint

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项fellback表示“后退”;B选项fellshort表示“不符合标准,缺乏”;C选项wentintoeffect表示“生效”;D选项cometothepoint表示“直截了当的说,简明扼要的说”。分析句意可知,中国颁布的首部人体器官移植条例是从2007年5月1日开始()。由此可知,C选项的词义更符合句意。因此本题正确答案为C选项。

3.单选题

Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind.InthiswaytheNorthAmericanIndiansproducepemmican(driedmeatgroundintopowderandmadeintocakes),theScandinaviansmakestockfishandtheArabsdrieddatesand“apricotleather”.

Allfoodsincludingwater~~cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainsasmuchas93%water,potatoesandotherrootvegetables80%,leanmeat75%andfish,anythingfrom80%to60%,dependingonhowfattyitis.Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriawhichcausefoodtogobadischecked.

Fruitissun-driedinAsiaMinor,Greece,SpainandotherMediterraneancountries,andalsoinCalifornia,SouthAfricaandAustralia.Themethodsusedvary,butingeneral,thefruitisspreadoutontraysindryingyardsinthehotsun.Inordertopreventdarkening,pears,peachesandapricotsareexposedtothefumesofburningsulfurbeforedrying.Plums,formakingprunesandcertainvarietiesofgrapesformakingraisinsandcurrants,aredippedinanalkalinesolutioninordertocracktheskinsofthefruitslightlyandremovetheirwaxcoating,soastoIncreasetherateofdrying.

Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhotairisblownattemperaturesofabout110°Catentrytoabout43°Catexit.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthingsasvegetables,mincedmeat,andfish.

Liquidssuchasmilk,coffee,tea,soupsandeggsmaybedriedbypouringthemoveraheatedsteelcylinderorbysprayingthemintoachamberthroughwhichacurrentofhotairpasses.Inthefirstcase,thedriedmaterialisscrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmall,thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothebottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Whererecognizableplacesofmeatandvegetablesarerequired,asinsoup,theingredientsaredriedseparatelyandthenmixed.

Driedfoodstakeuplessroomandweighlessthanthesamefoodpackedincansorfrozen,andtheydonotneedtobestoredinspecialconditions.Forthesereasonstheyareinvaluabletotheclimbers,explorersandsoldiersinbattle,whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitisjustacaseofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboilingwater.

1.Theopen-airmethodofdryingfood().

2.Bacteriawhichcausefoodtogobad().

3.Nowadaysvegetablesaremostcommonlydried().

4.Driedfoods().

5.Housewiveslikedriedfoodsbecausethey().

问题1选项

A.istheonemostcommonlyusedtoday

B.wasinventedbytheAmericanIndians

C.hasbeenknownforhundredsofyears

D.tendstobeunhygienic

问题2选项

A.cannotliveinsunlight

B.arekilledbydrying

C.areinnowaydependentonthewatercontent

D.havetheiractivitygreatlyreducedbydrying

问题3选项

A.onhorizontalcylinders

B.inhot-airchambers

C.inthesunandwind

D.usingtheopentraymethod

问题4选项

A.areoftenpackedincansorfrozen

B.areusedbysoldiersandclimbers

C.needmorestoragespacethansoldiersusuallyhaveavailable

D.aremuchcheaperthancannedorfrozenproducts

问题5选项

A.arequicktoprepare

B.tastebetter

C.canbepreservedbyboilinginwater

D.lookfreshandappetizingwhencooked

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一句话Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind.“几个世纪以前,人类发现去除食物中的水分有助于保存食物,最简单的方法就是将食物暴露在阳光和风下。由此可知将食物放在室外环境中风干的方法在几百年前就为人所知了。故C项符合题意。

2.细节事实題。根据文章第二段中的Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriawhichcausefoodtogobadischecked.“如果这些水分被除去,导致食物变坏的细菌的活动就会被抑制。故D项“通过风干,细菌的活动被大大减少。”正确。

3.细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第四段Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhotairisblownattemperaturesofabout110°Catentrytoabout43°Catexit.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthingsasvegetables,mincedmeat,andfish.“现在大多数食品是用机械干燥的。这种脱水的传统方法是把食物放在室内,热空气在大约110°C入口被吹到大约43°C出口。这是干燥蔬菜、肉末和鱼等食物的常用方法。”故可以推断出常用室内热空气来烘干蔬菜室,故B项“热空气室”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由最后一段中的Forthesereasonstheyareinvaluabletotheclimbers,explorersandsoldiersinbattle,whohavelittlestoragespace.“由于这些原因,它们对攀登者、探险者和战场上的士兵来说是无价的,因为他们没有多少储存空间。”可知与B项相符,故答案为B。

5.细节事实题。由最后一段中的Theyarealsopopularwithhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.“它们也很受家庭主妇的欢迎,因为烹饪时间很短”可知选项A“很快就准备好”符合题意。答案A。

4.不定项选择题

ConfessionsbyIslamicfundamentalistsunderthecommandofBinLaden’sdeputy,haverevealedbow—yearsbeforetheSeptember11attacks—theterroristsestablishedsleepercellsacrossthewesternworldandwereplanningcomplicatedattacks.

Inmorethan10,000pagesofEgyptianstatesecuritydocuments,BritainisnamedasoneofthekeybasesofAl-Zawahift’sIslamicJihadorganization.ThreeleadingmemberofitsrulingcouncilwerebasedinLondonanditwasalsoanimportantfundraisingcenter,makingmoneythroughfanningandevenrestoringhousesinLondon.

Amongtheterroristleader’sagentslivinginAmericaintheearly1990swereacommunicationsspecialist,aspecialforcerofficer,twowealthydoctorsandachainoffundraisers.OneoperativewithAmericancitizenship,codenamedAdam,wasplantedintheUnitedStatesin1987andthenhelpedtoco-ordinatecommunications,sendfalsedocumentationandfinanceterrorists.Adam,thesonofanEgyptAirpilot,wasalsoinstructedtogetflighttraining.Anotheragent,aformerEgyptianspecialforcesofficer,workedwiththeAmericanarmybeforeprovidingpersonalsecurityadvicetoBinLadeninSudanin1992.

CompiledbytheEgyptianDefenseMinistry,thedocumentsprovidethemostauthoritativeaccountyetoftheIslamicJihadorganizationandofAl-Zawahiri,whommanysuspecttheinspirationbehindtheSeptember11attacks.Oneofthemostimportanthijackers,MohammedAtta,wasanEgyptianfromCairo.He,too,issuspectedofbeingamemberofAl-Zawahiriorganization.

ThedocumentsrevealhowIslamicJihad,nowconsideredpartofBinLaden’sAl-Qaedanetwork,wasbeingfundedinEgyptfromBinLaden’spersonalfortunefromtheearly1990s.AbaseinSantaClara,California,wasusedfrom1990tocoordinatecommunicationswithterrorists’Cellsaroundtheworld,includingBinLaden’sSudanesebase.OtheroperativeswerebasedinNewYork.AmericanarmymanualsandtopographicalmapsweretranslatedintoArabicforterroristtraining.SourcesoffundsoftheterroristnetworkincludedthesugartradeandsheeprearinginAlbaniaaswellastherenovationofoldhousesinLondon.

HaniAl-Sibai,athirdallegedmemberoftheshuraatthattime,liveswithhiswifeandfivechildreninHammersmith,westLondon.SourcessayhehassplitwithAl-Zawahiri,atleastsince1999.Al-Sibai,alawyer,deniesanylinkwithIslamicJihad.HesaidhehadknownAl-Zawahiriinthepastbutwashimselfa“quietman”whohadnevercommittedacrime.

1.Accordingtothetext,confessionsofIslamicfundamentaliststellshow()

2.Fromthetext,welearnthat()

3.Thetextsuggeststhat()

4.AccordingtoEgyptianDefenseMinistry,whoisthesuspectofSeptember11attacks?

5.Bysayingthathehimselfisa“quietman”,Al-Sibaimeansthat()

问题1选项

A.Laden’sdeputyestablishedsleepingplacesinEurope.

B.terroristssetupfootholdsaswellasarrangedattacks.

C.September11attackswasoriginatedandplanned.

D.Ladenstrengthenedhispowerinwesternworld.

问题2选项

A.thefundforterroristorganizationwasraisedthroughdonationandinvestment.

B.terroristsinAmericaaremorehorriblethanthoseinBritain.

C.onemajortaskforterroristorganizationsinwestistoraisemoney.

D.theleadersoftheterroristorganizationsmustbeveryrich.

问题3选项

A.westerncountriesaresuitableforthedevelopmentofterroristorganization.

B.thereisaconnectionamongtheterroristsbasesaroundtheworld.

C.Laden’sdeputyisinchargeofthetrainingofthenewterrorists.

D.Londonisthecenterforworld-wideterroristbases.

问题4选项

A.Jihadorganization.

B.BinLaden.

C.Adam.

D.Al-Zawahiri.

问题5选项

A.heisnotgoodatgivingaspeechinthepublic.

B.hischaracterisonthecontraryofAl-Zawahiri’s.

C.hedidnottakeanyillegalactionsinthepast.

D.hesplitwithAl-Zawahirisince1999.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:段落大意题。答案定位到第一段,“theterroristsestablishedsleepercellsacrossthewesternworldandwereplanningcomplicatedattacks.”可以知道这份文件告诉我们恐怖分子是如何在城市里立足并且组织袭击的,答案为B。

第2题:文章细节题。题干问我们能从全文中得到什么,根据每个选项的细节定位到相应的句子,A项不对,恐怖分子赚钱的主要方式就是帮别人修缮房屋,并没有投资一项;B项属于无关项,全文未提及;C项正确,恐怖分子去西方想要生存必须要赚钱才能生活;D项未提及,答案为C。

第3题:细节推断题。A项错误,文章并未提及为何恐怖分子选择西方国家作为根据地;B项从第五段“wasusedfrom1990tocoordinatecommunicationswithterrorists’Cellsaroundtheworld”可以得出,全世界的恐怖组织是有联系的,B正确;C项错误,Laden的组织一直在进行恐怖袭击,并没有训练新恐怖分子;D项也不对,全文都没有说过这个,只是说英国是Al-Zawahiriorganization的中心据点,并不代表是全世界恐怖组织的中心。

第4题:细节推断题。答案在第四段,“Oneofthemostimportanthijackers,MohammedAtta,…beingamemberofAl-Zawahiriorganization.”可以看出主犯之一也是属于Al-Zawahiriorganization的,因此EgyptianDefenseMinistry认为911的凶手是Al-Zawahiriorganization,答案为D。

第5题:词义推断题。答案就在这个单词的后面给出,Al-Sibai说之前是认识他,但是他“butwashimselfa‘quietman’whohadnevercommittedacrime”,意思就是他之前从不干违法的事情,答案C为原文转述项,当选。

5.单选题

Many,zoosintheUnitedStateshaveundergoneradicalchangesinthephilosophyanddesign.Allpossiblecareistakentoreducethestressoflivingincaptivity.Cagesandgroundsarelandscapedtomakegorillasfeelimmersedinvegetation,astheywouldbeinaCongojungle.Zebrasgazeacrossvistasarrangedtoappear(tozoosvisitors,atleast)nearlyasbroadasanAfricanplain.

Yet,strollingpastanimalsinzooafterzoo.Ihavenoticedthesignsofhobbledenergythathasfoundnorelease—largecatspacinginarepetitivepattern,primatesrockingforhoursinonecornerofacage.Thesetruncatedmovementsareknownascagestereotypes,andusuallythesemovementsbringaboutnoobviousphysicaloremotionaleffectsinthecaptiveanimal.Manyanimalspecialistsbelievethey,aremoretroublingtothepeoplewhowatchthantotheanimalsthemselves.Suchrestlessnessisanunpleasantreminderthat—despitethecarefulinteriordecorationandcleveropticalillusions—zooanimalsareprisoners,beingkeptinelaboratecells.

Therationaleforbreedingendangeredanimalsinzoosisneverthelesscompelling.Onceaspeciesfallsbelowacertainnumber,itisbesetbyinbreedingandotherprocessesthatnudgeitcloserandclosertoextinction.Iftheanimalalsofacesthewhole-scaledestructionofitshabitat,itsonehopeforsurvivalliesinbeingtransplantedtosomehavenofsafely,usuallyacage.Inservingastrustsforrarefauna,zooshavecommittedmillionsofdollarstocaringforanimals.Manyzoomanagershavegivengreatconsiderationtothepsychologicalhealthoftheanimalsintheircare.YetthemoreIlearnedaboutanimalsbredinenclosures,themoreIwonderedhowtheirsensibilitiesdifferedfromthoseofanimalsraisedtoroamfree.

Inthewild,animalsexistinaworldofwhichwehavelittleunderstanding.Theymaycommunicatewiththeirkindthrough"language"thatareindecipherablebyhumans.Afewstudiessuggestthatsomespeciesperceivelandscapesmuchdifferentlythanpeopledo;forexample,theymay:bekeenlyattunedtomovementonthefacesofmountainsoracrossthebroadspanofgrassyplains.Also,theirsocialstructuresmaybecomplexandintegraltotheirwell-being.Somescientistsbelievetheymayevendevelopculturaltraditionsthatarekeytothesurvivalofpopulations.

Butwhenananimalisconfined,itliveswithinavacuum.Ifitisaccustomedtocoveringlongdistancesinitssearchesforfood,itgrowslazyorbored.Itcanmakenodecisionsforitself;itsintelligenceandwildskillsatrophyfromlackofuse,becomes,inasense,oneofsociety’scharges,completelydependentonhumansfor'nourishmentandcare.

Howmightananimalspeciesbechanged—subtly,imperceptibly—byspendingseveralgenerationsinaper:?IposedthatquestiontothecuratorofbirdsattheSanDiegoWildAnimalPark,whichisabreedingcenterfortheendangeredCaliforniacondor."Ialwayshavetochucklewhensomeoneasksmethat,"thecuratorreplied.

"Evolutionhasshapedthebehaviorofthecondorforhundredsofyears.IfyouthinkIcanchangeitinacoupleofgenerations,you’regivingmealotofcredit."

RecentlythecondorwasreintroducedintotheCaliforniadesert—onlyamomentafteritscapture,inevolutionaryterms.Perhapsthecuratorwasright;perhapsthewildnatureofthebirdswouldemergeunscathed,althoughIwasnotconvinced.Butwhatofspeciesthatwillspenddecadesorcenturiesinconfinementbeforetheyarereleased?

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto()

2.Theprimaryfunctionofthesecondparagraphistoshowthat()

3.Inthefourthparagraph,theauthor'smostimportantpointisthatanimalsinthewild()

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenthefourthparagraphandthefifthparagraph?

5.Inparagraph5“charges”mostnearlymeans()

问题1选项

A.highlighttheimprovementsintheconditionsofAmericanzoos

B.examinebehavioraltraitsofanimalslivinginzoos

C.raiseconcernsabouttheconfinementofwildanimalsinzoos

D.suggestalternativewaysofprotectingendangeredspecies

问题2选项

A.wildanimalsadapttotheircagesbymodifyingtheirmovements

B.confinedanimalsarenotbeingseriouslyharmed

C.zoosaredesignedwiththereactionsofspectatorsinmind

D.peopleareoverlysensitivetoseeinganimalsincaptivity

问题3选项

A.perceivelandscapesdifferentlythandoanimalsincaptivity

B.havemodesofcommunicatingthatareverysimilartothoseofhumans

C.arelikelytolivelongerthananimalskeptinzoos

D.dependonthecareandsupportofothersoftheirspecies

问题4选项

A.Thefourthparagraphpresentsaquestionthatisansweredinthefir'¶graph.

B.Thefourthparagraphcontainsanassertionthatisevaluatedinthefifthparagraph.

C.Thefifthparagraphdescribesacontrasttothesituationpresentedinthefourthparagraph.

D.Thefifthparagraphdiscussesthesecondpartoftheprocessdescribedinthefourthparagraph.

问题5选项

A.costs

B.responsibilities

C.demands

D.attacks

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:通读全文可知,本文主要是讲作者对动物园提出质疑,认为动物园是牢房,动物是被关在里面的囚犯。旨在引起人们对动物园限制野生动物的关注。选项C符合原文。

第2题:根据第二段“usuallythesemovementsbringaboutnoobviousphysicaloremotionaleffectsinthecaptiveanimal.”通常这些动作不会对被捕获的动物产生明显的生理或情感上的影响。所以选项B正确。

第3题:根据第四段,在野外,动物生活在一个我们知之甚少的世界里。它们可能通过人类无法理解的“语言”与同类交流,选项B错误;一些研究表明,一些物种对景观的感知与人类有很大不同,选项A原文相符。选项C在文中没有提及;根据第四段的最后一句可知选项D是被限制的野生动物,题干中是生活在野外的野生动物,所以排除。

第4题:根据第四段和第五段的内容可知,第四段是描述生活在野外的动物,第四段是描述被人们圈养的动物,两者形成对比,所以选项C正确。

第5题:根据第五段内容可知,这里说的是动物因为不需要自己觅食,依赖人类提供营养和照料,变成了社会的责任。所以B选项正确。

6.单选题

Themostobviousandleastnoticedman-mademarvelinCaliforniaisitshighwaysystem.Itisanengineeringeventonthescaleofthetranscontinentalrailroad,over15,000mileslongandfiftyyearsinthemaking.Byalongmeasure,itisthebesthighwaysysteminthecountry,whichmeansthatitisthebesthighwaysystemintheworld.California,itsvariousdepartmentsandagencies,hastaughtnumberlessnationshowtobuildmodemroads,andiftheworldisnowlessconvincedaboutthenecessityofsuperhighwaysthatitusedtobe,thathasmoretodowithgeologythanwithdesignandengineering.

TheCaliforniahighwaysystemisalsowheremanyofuslearnedthepleasuresofmotoring.Muchhasbeenwrittenabout(California’sloveaffairwiththeautomobile,andmuchofitiswrong.Tobesure,afewcitizenslavishaninordinateamountofattentionontheircars,butformostofusroutinemaintenanceandasportylittleironcladwarrantyareallnecessary.Therealpleasuresoftheroadhavetodowithdrivingtheexperienceratherthanthevehicle,theverbratherthanthenoun.Thepleasuresofdrivingareanobviousextensionofthepleasuresofthetrail,theprogressiverevelationofnaturalwondersandculturalinformation.Drivingisanaestheticexperiencesocommonplacethatitisfrequentlyignored,yetabaddriveisaspainfulasabadpaintingandrequiresmuchmorestaminatoendure.ForAmericans,drivingisalsonearlyuniversal;morepeoplehaverevealedinagooddrivethanhave,say,attendedabaseballgameorgottendivorced.

Soitisthegooddrivesthatwecelebratehere.Thefollowinglistisarbitraryandpersonal—andincomplete.IhavenotdriveneveryroadinCalifornia,Ihaveheard,forinstance,that299fromReddingtoAlturasisworthadetour(绕道),butIhavenotincludeditbecauseI’veneverdoneit.Callthislistrather,atalkingpaper,aworkinprogress,asetofnominations(thereareonlysevendrivesonit,whichsuggeststhattheCaliforniatoptenhasthreeslotsopen).Mycriteriaweremostlypredictablescenicbeauty,surprise,transformation,easeofdriving,trafficflow,plusaleaveningofwhim.Theyarelistedinavagueorderofreference,asfollows.

1.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthefirstparagraph?

2.ItisonCaliforniahighwaysthatmanypeople______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,afewcitizenstendto______.

4.Thesecondparagraphsuggeststhedrivingis______.

5.IftheauthorintroducessomeroadsinCaliforniatothereaderinthefollowingparagraph,howmanyroadsaretotheintroduced?

问题1选项

A.TheCaliforniahighwaysystemisawonder.

B.Californiahasanadvantageingeologyandgeography.

C.RoadsinCaliforniaareallsuperhighways.

D.Highwayswon’tbenecessaryinthefuture.

问题2选项

A.learntomotorcycle

B.begintoenjoydriving

C.fallinlove

D.learnhowtodrive

问题3选项

A.taketoomuchcareoftheircars

B.Ignorethemaintenanceoftheircars

C.paintwhiledrivingalongtheroads

D.lacktheabilitytoappreciatethebeauty

问题4选项

A.consideredaworld-widegamebyAmericans

B.asinterestingaswatchingbaseballgames

C.averypopularentertainmentforAmericans

D.oneofthereasonsofsomedivorces

问题5选项

A.3

B.7

C.10

D.299

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“第一段作者想要告诉我们什么?”。文章第一段开头提到Themostobviousandleastnoticedman-mademarvelinCaliforniaisitshighwaysystem.(加州最明显、最不引人注意的人造奇迹是高速公路系统),接着就加州的高速公路系统展开了论述,故A项“加州的高速公路系统是个奇迹”正确;B项“加州在地质和地理上有优势”、C项“加州的公路都是高速公路”和D项“高速公路在未来是没有必要的”没有提到。因此,该题选择A项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“在加州高速公路上许多人……”。根据第二段第一句TheCaliforniahighwaysystemisalsowheremanyofuslearnedthepleasuresofmotoring.(加州高速公路系统也是大部分的我们了解到驾驶乐趣的地方)可知,B项“开始享受驾驶”正确;A项“学会摩托车”和D项“学会开车”都属于驾驶;C项“坠入爱河”没有提到。因此,该题选择B项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据作者的说法,少数公民倾向于……”。文章第二段第三句提到Tobesure,afewcitizenslavishaninordinateamountofattentionontheircars,butformostofusroutinemaintenanceandasportylittleironcladwarrantyareallnecessary.(诚然,少数市民在他们的汽车上花费了过多的精力,但对我们大多数人来说,例行维护和小小的保修都是必要的)可知,A项“过多关注他们的汽车”正确;B项“忽视他们的汽车维护”这是以过多关注汽车为前提的,故不选;C项“在路上开车时刷漆”没有提到;D项“缺乏欣赏美的能力”,文中只是提到“开车作为一种常见的审美体验经常被忽视”,并没有提到缺乏。因此,该题选择A项正确。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“第二段暗示驾驶是……”。第二段最后一句指出ForAmericans,drivingisalsonearlyuniversal;morepeoplehaverevealedinagooddrivethanhave,say,attendedabaseballgameorgottendivorced.(对美国人来说,驾驶几乎是非常普遍的事情;比起去看棒球赛或离婚的人,更多的人在良好的驾驶中展露出来),可知在美国,驾驶是一件很普遍的事情,且前面提到驾驶是一种乐趣,所以是一个大众娱乐,C项“对美国人来说是一个大众娱乐”正确;由此可知A项“被美国人视为一个遍布世界的活动”错误;关于B项“和看棒球比赛一样有趣”和D项“离婚的其中原因之一”,文中只是把看棒球比赛的人和离婚的人与驾驶的人们进行了比较,重点强调驾驶是一种大众娱乐,并没有提到这两项的内容。因此,该题选择C项正确。

5.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“如果作者在接下来的段落中向读者介绍了一些加州的道路,那么有多少条路可以被介绍给读者?”。最后一段提到thereareonlysevendrivesonit,whichsuggeststhattheCaliforniatoptenhasthreeslotsopen.(名单上只有7条道路,这意味着加州前10名还有3个空缺)可知,有7条道路可以介绍给读者,B项正确;由此也可知A项和C项不正确;D项在最后一段中的299fromReddingtoAlturasisworthadetour(从雷丁到阿尔图拉斯的299路值得绕道而行)提到,可知299只是一条道路的编号。因此,该题选择B项正确。

7.单选题

Theimageofthevolunteersontelevisionadvertisingprovides(

)intopeople’sattitudetowardvolunteering.

问题1选项

A.insights

B.foresight

C.revelations

D.specifications

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项insights“深刻见解”;B选项foresight“先见”;C选项revelation“启示,揭露”;D选项specification“规格,说明书”。句意为:志愿者在电视广告上的形象,体现了人们对志愿服务的态度。insightsinto“对……的深刻见解”符合题意,故答案选A。

8.单选题

Torontoissome475kminthenorthwestofNewYork,whileVancouver,only200kmfromSeattle,isevenclosertoamajorAmericancity.

问题1选项

A.issome475

B.inthenorthwestof

C.whileVancouver,only200

D.evenclosertoamajorAmericancity

E.没有错误

【答案】B

【解析】介词误用。去掉in,此处表示位于西北方向(一般用tothenorthwestofsomewhere),shi大致方向,并非指具体位置。

9.单选题

HeexpectedtheHousetopassthebillbyacomfortable(

).

问题1选项

A.maple

B.marble

C.marsh

D.margin

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析。maple枫树;marble大理石;marsh沼泽;均不符合句意。margin指(在时间或票数上领先的)幅度,差额,差数。句意:他希望众议院能以轻松的优势通过这项法案。选项D符合句意。

10.单选题

Hedoesn’tdriveyet,buthewants().

问题1选项

A.theowncar

B.thecarofhisown

C.anowncar

D.acarofhisown

【答案】D

【解析】考查own和冠词的用法。own用作代词时是限定代词,用在所有格之后,强调某事物的个人所有或私人性质;需要和of连用。因此可以排除AC选项,句中的车是泛指,并非特指,可排除B选项,句意:他还不会开车,但他想要一辆自己的车。故选D。

11.单选题

Henrywastheonlyonewhoknewhowtocookbecausehehad_______inthekitchenwhenhewasaboy.

问题1选项

A.helpedabout

B.helpedout

C.helpedwith

D.helpedup

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项“helpedabout”意为“就……帮忙”;B选项“helpedout”意为“帮助……摆脱困难;帮忙”;C选项“helpedwith”意为“帮某人做……;在某方面帮助”;D选项“helpedup”意为“把(某人)扶起来,帮助(某人)往上搬东西”。句意:亨利是唯一会做饭的人,因为他小时候在厨房里帮过忙。由题干可知,Henrywastheonlyonewhoknewhowtocook(亨利是唯一会做饭的人),所以可以推测出亨利小时候在厨房帮过忙。因此B选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Tosaythatthechildlearns(1)imitationandthatthewaytoteachistosetagoodexampleoversimplifies.Nochildimitatesevery(2)hesees.Sometimes,theexampletheparentwantshimto(3)isignoredwhilehetakesovercontrarypatternsfromsomeotherexample.Thereforewemustturn(4)

Lookatitfromthechild'spointofview.Hereheisinanewsituation,lackinga(5)response.Heisseekingaresponsewhichwillgaincertain(6).

Ifhelacksareadyresponseforthesituation,andcannotreason(7)whattodo,heobservesa(8)whoseemsabletogettheright(9).Thechildlooksfora/an(10)

Thereisasecondelementat(11)inthissituation.Thechildmaybeableto(12)hisimmediategoalonlyto(13)thathismethodbringscriticism(14)peoplewhoobservehim.Whenshoutingacrossthehouseachieveshisimmediateendofdeliveringamessage,heis(15)emphaticallythatthisactionisunpleasant,thatheshouldwalkintothenextroomandsayhissayquietly.Thus,thedesireto(16)anyobjectivesituationisoverlaid(17)thedesiretosolveitproperly.Oneoftheearlythingsthechildlearnsisthathegetsmoreaffectionand(18)

someactionsandcriticizeothers.Ifoneistomaintainthesupportofothersandhisownself-respect,hemust(20)responseshissocialgroupapproves.

问题1选项

A.through

B.from

C.by

D.with

问题2选项

A.action

B.thing

C.situation

D.adult

问题3选项

A.learn

B.set

C.imitate

D.follow

问题4选项

A.from

B.to

C.for

D.into

问题5选项

A.ready

B.immediate

C.good

D.reasonable

问题6选项

A.ends

B.purpose

C.intention

D.goal

问题7选项

A.up

B.for

C.through

D.out

问题8选项

A.student

B.example

C.model

D.child

问题9选项

A.effect

B.reward

C.result

D.outcome

问题10选项

A.professional

B.authority

C.specialist

D.teacher

问题11选项

A.working

B.work

C.thework

D.his

问题12选项

A.attain

B.find

C.acquire

D.grasp

问题13选项

A.tell

B.get

C.find

D.realize

问题14选项

A.to

B.into

C.from

D.outof

问题15选项

A.informed

B.asked

C.notified

D.told

问题16选项

A.solve

B.face

C.encounter

D.avoid

问题17选项

A.by

B.with

C.in

D.for

问题18选项

A.like

B.love

C.consent

D.approval

问题19选项

A.grant

B.appraise

C.reward

D.award

问题20选项

A.do

B.take

C.adopt

D.employ

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:D

第8题:C

第9题:C

第10题:B

第11题:B

第12题:A

第13题:C

第14题:C

第15题:D

第16题:A

第17题:B

第18题:D

第19题:C

第20题:C

【解析】(1)by表示“通过”。句意:孩子通过模仿学习,符合句意。

(2)根据原文推测,孩子模仿的是动作,而不是人或某个东西,所以选项A符合原文。

(3)followtheexample意为“模仿,效仿”。

(4)turnto转向,求助于。这里表示的是我们必须求助于一个独特的理论。

(5)根据下文中的areadyresponse,可知这里也应填入ready。areadyresponse快速的反应。因为孩子面对的是新的情形,所以他无法做出快速的反应。

(6)gainone'sends为固定搭配,意为达到目的,成功。这里指孩子会寻求做出某种反应来实现某种目的。

(7)这里表达的是孩子面对这种情形缺少做出反应的能力,就不知道该怎么做。reasonout“推理出,推断出”,符合句意,选项D符合句意。

(8)根据原文:当孩子不知道该怎么做时,他会找一个榜样,观察这个榜样是怎么做的。选项C符合原文。

(9)这里指的是孩子所找到的榜样,榜样是能够获得好的结果的。result泛指结果本身,outcome强调一件事情的结局,所以选项C更符合原文。

(10)根据原文:孩子们找寻权威或专家来告诉他们该做什么。填空处的词应与expert意思相近,authority“权威”相对来说更符合原文。

(11)atwork为固定搭配,意为“起作用”。原文指“在这种情形下,还有第二种因素在起作用”。

(12)attainone'sgoal为固定搭配,意为“达到目标”。这里强调的是目标的实现,所以选项A符合原文。

(13)根据原文:孩子可能能够实现自己的目标,但是发现自己的方法会招来批评。选项C符合句意。

(14)这里的批评来自于那些观察他的人,强调的是来源,所以应填入介词from。

(15)句意:传递消息通过大声喊叫,别人就会告诉他这种行为是令人不愉快的。tell“告诉”,较口语化,符合句意。inform和notify过于正式,ask与句意不符。

(16)原文指的是处理面对的这种情形,选项A正确。

(17)beoverlaidwith为固定搭配,意为“被……掩盖”。

(18)句意:当父母喜欢他的做事方法时,他就会获得更多的爱和支持。love与affection同义,故排除。

(19)reward“回报”;award“授予,颁发”。原文指对孩子行为的认可和回报,所以选项C正确。

(20)句意:想要获得别人的支持和自尊,他就必须采用他的群体所支持的方法。选项C符合句意。

13.单选题

Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingotherthancarbonchemistry,weknowofnoexamplestotellushowsuchlifemightariseandsurvive.Wemustlimitourdiscussiontolifeasweknowitandtheconditionsitrequires.Themostimportantrequirementisthepresenceofliquidwater,notonlyaspartofthechemicalreactionsoflife,butalsoasamediumtotransportnutrientsandwasteswithintheorganism.

Thewaterrequirementautomaticallyeliminatesmanyworldsinoursolarsystem.Themoonisairless,andalthoughsomedatasuggesticefrozeninthesoilatitspoles,ithasneverhadliquidwateronitssurface.Inthevacuumofthelunarsurface,liquidwaterwouldboilawayrapidly.Mercurytoo

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