考研考博-英语-内蒙古能源职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古能源职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.问答题

Thesecond,orproblem-oriented,approachistheexactopposite.Aspecifichistoricalquestionisformulated,usuallypromptedbyareadingofthesecondaryauthorities,andtherelevantprimarysourcesarethenstudied;thebearingthatthesesourcesmayhaveonotherissuesisignored,theresearcherproceedingasdirectlyaspossibletothepointwhereheorshecanpresentsomeconclusions.Eachmethodencounterssnags.Thesource-orientedapproach,althoughappropriateforanewlydiscoveredsource,mayyieldonlyanincoherentjumbleofdates.Theproblem-orientedapproach,soundslikecommonsenseandprobablycorrespondstomostpeople'sideaofresearch.Butitisoftendifficulttotellinadvancewhatsourcesarerelevant.Aswillbeshownlater,themostimprobablesourcesaresometimesfoundtobeilluminating,whiletheobviousonesmayleadthehistorianintotoocloseanidentificationwiththeconcernsoftheorganizationthatproducedthem.Moreover,foranytopicinWesternnineteenth-ortwentieth-centuryhistory,howevercircumscribedbytimeorplace,thesourcesaresounwieldythatfurtherselectioncanhardlybeavoided,andwithittheriskofleavingvitalevidenceuntouched.

Inpracticeneitheroftheseapproachesisusuallypursuedtothecompleteexclusionoftheother,butthebalancestruckbetweenthemvariesagooddeal.Somehistoriansbegintheircareerswithanarrowlydefinedprojectbasedonalimitedrangeofsources;othersareletlooseonamajorarchivewithonlythevaguestofbriefs.Theformerisonthewholethemorecommon,becauseofthepressuretoproducequickresultsthatisimposedbythePh.Ddegree-theformalapprenticeshipservedbymostacademichistorians.Agreatdealofresearchconsistsnotinferretingoutnewsourcesbutinturningtowell-knownmaterialswithnewquestionsinmind.Yettoosingle-mindedapreoccupationwithanarrowsetofissuesmayleadtoevidencebeingtakenoutofcontextandmisinterpreted-'source-mining'asonecritichascalledit.Itisvital,therefore,thattherelationshipbetweenthehistorianandhisorhersourcesisoneofgiveandtake.Manyhistorianshavehadtheexperienceofsettingoutwithonesetofquestions,onlytofindthatthesourceswhichtheyhadsupposedwouldfurnishtheanswersinsteaddirectedtheirresearchontoquiteadifferentpath.EmmanuelLeRoyLaduriefirstturnedtotheland-taxregistersofruralLanguedocwithaviewtodocumentingthebirthofcapitalisminthatregion;hefoundhimselfinsteadinvestigatingitssocialstructureinthebroadestsense,andinparticulartheimpactofdemographicchange.

Minewastheclassicmisadventure;Ihadwantedtomasterasourceinordertoconfirmmyyouthfulconvictions,butitwasfinallythesourcethatmasteredmebyimposingitsownrhythms,itsownchronology,anditsownparticulartroth.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whatisthefirstapproachtohistoricalstudies?

3.Whydoestheauthorsaythattheproblem-orientedapproachsoundslikecommonsenseandprobablycorrespondstomostpeople'sideaofresearch?

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby'"Inpracticeneitheroftheseapproachesisusuallypursuedtothecompleteexclusionoftheother"?

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbetheappropriatewayofstudyinghistoricalsources?

【答案】1.Itmainlydiscussesabouttwowaysofresearchinghistory.

2.Thesource-orientedapproach.

3.Becausethesource-orientedapproach,althoughappropriateforanewlydiscoveredsource,mayyieldonlyanincoherentjumbleofdates.

4.Theauthormeansthatweshouldusethesource-orientedapproachandproblem-orientedapproachatthesametime.

5.Combinethetwowaysofstudyinghistoryandfindabalancepoint.

2.单选题

Chemicalbombscarrychemicalagentssuchasnervegas,orbiologicalweaponssuchasthecontagiousdiseaseanthrax.

问题1选项

A.infectious

B.destructive

C.mysterious

D.incurable

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.infectious传染性的，感染的（尤指通过呼吸）B.destructive引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭）性的

C.mysterious神秘的，不易解释的D.incurable不能治愈的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】contagious的意思为“（疾病）接触传染的”，修饰disease，指的是传染病，infectious与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】化学炸弹含有神经毒气等化学物质，或炭疽热传染病等生物武器。

3.单选题

Theyneedtomovetonewandlargeapartments.Doyouknowofany（）onesinthis

area?

问题1选项

A.evacuated

B.empty

C.vacant

D.vacate

【答案】C

【解析】近义词辨析。句意：他们要到大的新公寓,需要的应该是空房。empty和vacant都有“空”的意思，但区别在于emptyhouse表示完全不存在内容物;vacanthouse是指可能有家具放着，但暂时无人居住的房子。因此,选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Duringourfirstteachertrainingyear,weoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（）

oflessons.

问题1选项

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】句意：教师培训的第一年，为了（）课程,我们经常参观当地的学校。A选项observation观察；B选项investigation调查，研究；C选项inspection检查；D选项examination检查，考试。选项A符合句意。

5.单选题

It’sabrandnewworld—aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.They’reonsupermarketshelves,ofcourse,butalsoinbusinessplansfordotcomstartupsandinthenamesofsportscomplexes.Brandsareinfiltratingpeople’severydaylives—bystickingtheirlogosonclothes,inconcertprograms,onsubwaystationwall,eveninelementaryschoolclassrooms.

WeliveinanageinwhichCBSnewscasterswearNikejacketsontheair,inwhichBurgerKingandMcDonald’sopenkiosksinelementary-schoollunchrooms,inwhichschoolslikeStanfordUniversityareendowedwithaYahoo!FoundersChair.Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperscrutiny—andaninevitablebacklashbyconsumers.

“Ourintellectuallivesandourpublicspacesarebeingtakenoverbymarketing—andthathasrealimplicationsforcitizenship,saysauthorandactivistNaomiKlein.“It’simportantforanyhealthyculturetohavepublicspace—aplacewherepeoplearetreatedascitizensinsteadofasconsumers.We’vecompletelylostthatspace.”

Sincethemid-1980s,asmoreandmorecompanieshaveshiftedfrombeingaboutproductstobeingaboutideas—Starbucksisn’tslingcoffee;it’ssellingcommunity!—thosecompanieshavepouredmoreandmoreresourcesintomarketingcampaigns.

Topayforthosecampaigns,thosesamecompaniesfiguredoutwaystocutcostselsewhere—forexample,byusingcontractlaborathomeandlow-wagelaborindevelopingcountries.Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovide(anybenefits,suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.Thissavescompaniesmoneybutobviouslyputsworkersinvulnerablesituations.IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.

Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.

46.Whatdoesthepassageintendtotellus?

47.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorstateasafactorintheincreasingpresenceofbrandsinpeoples’lives?

48.ThetextsuggeststhatmostcontractlaborersintheU.S.______.

49.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat______.

问题1选项

A.Theproblemswithcurrentcorporatepractices.

B.Thenatureofcurrentmarketingcampaignsandstrategies.

C.TheimportanceofbrandsinAmericanculture.

D.Theexcessivepresenceofbrandsandmarketinginpeople’slives.

问题2选项

A.Theaggressivenatureofcorporatemarketing.

B.Thewillingnessofschoolsandmuseumstocooperatewithprivatecompanies.

C.Thelackofgovernmentregulationsofmarketingmethods.

D.Themarketingcampaignstakeuppublicspaces.

问题3选项

A.pretendtobetemporaryworkers

B.mayhavetroublesupportingtheirfamiliesfinancially

C.haveworkconditionscomparabletothoseoflow-wageworkersoverseas

D.arelikelytoreceivehealthbenefitsfromtheiremployers

问题4选项

A.inadequatefederalfundingfacilitatedtheprivatizationofschoolsandmuseums

B.governmentreducedspendingforschoolsandmuseumsfortheircooperationwithcompanies

C.publicinstitutionsweretooquicktoacceptcorporatemarketingasasourceoffunding

D.bythe1980s,veryfewpublicinstitutionswerenotbeingfundedbycorporations

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】46.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章想要告诉我们什么？”。文章在第一段就提到It’sabrandnewworld–aworldbuiltaroundbrands.Hardcharging,noisemaking,cultureshapingbrandsareeverywhere.（这是一个全新的围绕品牌建立的世界。强势收费、制造噪音、塑造文化的品牌无处不在。），接下来几个段落，作者通过举例指出品牌和营销在人民生活中的不断渗入，包括衣服、电视节目、公共空间和教室等，并且品牌和营销使得公司费用增加，从而迫使公司降低员工的成本；综合推断可知，这篇文章主要讲的是品牌和营销在人们生活的方方面面中过度渗透，D项“品牌和营销在人们生活中的过度存在”正确；A项“公司现行做法存在的问题”和B项“当前营销活动和策略的性质”都只是文章的部分内容；C项“品牌在美国文化中的重要性”没有提到。因此，该题选择D项正确。

47.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者认为下列哪项是品牌在人们生活中日益增多的一个因素？”。第二段最后一句提到Butasbrandsreach(andthenoverreach)intoeveryaspectofourlives,thecompaniesbehindtheminvitemorequestions,deeperscrutiny—andaninevitablebacklashbyconsumers.（但是，随着品牌渗透到我们生活的方方面面，然后是过度渗透，它们背后的公司引来了更多的问题和更深入的审视，以及消费者不可避免的强烈反应。），以及文章最后一句Butcompaniestookadvantageoftheneedsofthoseinstitutions,reachingtoofar,andoverwhelmingthecivicspacewiththeirmarketingagendas.（但企业利用了这些机构的需求，影响太远，用营销计划压倒了公民空间。）综合推断，品牌在人们生活中日益增加的一个原因是品牌营销侵略性太强，故A项“企业营销的侵略性”正确；由文章最后一段第一句Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.（20世纪80年代，市场营销活动的大规模扩张与政府对学校和博物馆的开支削减相吻合。）可知，B项“学校和博物馆与私营公司合作的意愿”只是市场营销活动的大规模扩张与政府开支削减吻合的结果，并不符合题干；C项“市场营销方式缺乏政府监管”没有提到；D项“营销活动占用了公共空间”属于营销侵略性的特点。因此，该题选择A项正确。

48.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“文章暗示美国大多数合同工……”。根据第五段最后一句IntheUnitedStates,contractlaborhasgivenrisetoso-calledMcJobs,whichemployersandworkersalikepretendaretemporary—eventhoughthesejobsareusuallyheldbyadultswhoaretryingtosupportfamilies.（在美国，合同劳工催生了所谓的“麦当劳工作”，雇主和工人都假装这些工作是临时的，尽管做这些工作通常是设法养家糊口的人。）可推知，文章暗含的意思就是这些美国合同工养家糊口可能是有困难的，B项“养家糊口可能有困难”正确；A项“假装是临时工”在文章中明确提及了，并不是暗含的意思；C项“工作条件与海外的低薪工人相当”没提到；由第五段中的Contractlaborersarehiredonatemporary,per-assignmentbasis,andemployershavenoobligationtoprovide(anybenefits,suchashealthinsurance)orlong-termjobsecurity.（合同工是临时雇佣的，按任务分配，雇主没有义务提供任何福利，如医疗保险或长期的工作保障）可知，D项“有可能从他们的雇主那里得到健康福利”错误。因此，该题选择B项正确。

49.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“我们从最后一段可以推断出……”。根据最后一段前两句的内容Themassiveexpansionofmarketingcampaignsinthe1980scoincidedwiththereductionofgovernmentspendingforschoolsandformuseums.Thismadethoseinstitutionsmuchtoowilling,eveneager,topartnerwithprivatecompanies.（20世纪80年代，市场营销活动的大规模扩张与政府对学校和博物馆的开支削减相吻合。这使得这些机构非常愿意、甚至迫切地与私营企业合作。）可以推断，学校、博物馆等这些公共机构急于通过企业营销来削减开支，即作为一种资金的来源，故C项“公共机构太急于接受企业营销作为一种资金来源”符合题意；最后一段没有提到联邦资金，A项“联邦资金不足导致学校和博物馆私有化”不正确；B项“政府减少了学校和博物馆与公司合作的开支”错误，并不是政府减少了开支，而是市场营销；D项“到20世纪80年代，很少有公共机构不是由公司资助的”错误，营销公司帮助公共机构的是削减开支，并不是资助。因此，该题选择C项正确。

6.单选题

TomandRachelLeihbachei’sfriendshavealwaysbeeninstrumentalintheirlives.

问题1选项

A.approachable

B.thoughtful

C.functional

D.helpful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。instrumental表示“乐器的，有帮助的，仪器的”；A项approachable“亲切友善的，易理解的，可接近的”，B项thoughtful“深思的，体贴的，关切的”，C项functional“功能的”，D项helpful“有帮助的，有益的”。句意：汤姆和雷切尔雷巴赫的朋友在他们的生活中一直很有帮助。根据句意可知，instrumental在句中表示“有帮助的”，D项的意思符合句子。因此，该题选择D项正确。

7.单选题

Scientistshavefoundthatscents（

）efficiencyandreducestressamongofficeworkers.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.amplify

C.foster

D.magnify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。enhance意为“提高，增加”；amplify意为“放大，扩大”；foster意为“培养”；magnify意为“放大”。

句意：科学家们发现，气味能提高办公室职员的效率，减轻他们的压力。

8.翻译题

“失落之城”马丘比丘坐落在秘鲁热带山地森林，直到1911年才被美国探险家海勒姆·宾厄姆发现。马丘比丘海拔2430米，为热带森林所包围。它可能是印加帝国全盛时期最辉煌的城市建筑，那巨大的城墙和梯田好像是在连绵的悬崖绝壁上自然形成的一样。古城矗立在安第斯山脉东边的斜坡上，环绕着亚马孙河上游的盆地。马丘比丘废墟是世界上最美最神秘的古代遗址之一。早在15世纪初期，印加人就在那里建起数百座石建筑，传说和神话表明马丘比丘曾是一个圣地。古城废墟有宫殿、洗浴室、寺庙、贮藏室和大约150间房子，皆保存完好。这些建筑均用山顶的灰色花岗岩雕筑而成，是建筑学和美学的奇迹。

【答案】MachuPicchu,alostcitylocatedinPeru'stropicalmountainforests,wasn'tdiscoveredbyAmericanexplorerHiramBinghamuntil1911.Itstands2,430mabovesea-level,andsurroundedbytropicalforests.ItwasprobablythemostgloriousurbanbuildinginthezenithofIncaEmpire;itsgiantwallsandterracesseemlikebeencutnaturallyinthecontinuousrockcliffs.Theancientcity,ontheeasternslopesoftheAndes,surroundsthebasininupperAmazonRiver.

TheruinsofMachuPicchuareoneofthemostbeautifulandmysteriousancientsitesintheworld.WhiletheIncapeopleerectedhundredsofstonestructurestherefromtheearly1400's,legendsandmythsindicatethatMachuPicchuwasasacredplace.Theruinshavepalaces,baths,temples,storageroomsandsome150houses,allinaremarkablestateofpreservation.Thesestructures,carvedfromthegraygraniteofthemountaintop,arewondersofbotharchitecturalandaestheticgenius.

9.单选题

Foryearspediaticiansdidn’tworrymuchabouttreatinghypertensionintheirpatients.Afterall,kidsgrowsofast,it’shardkeepingupwiththeirshoesize,letalonetheirbloodpressure.Sure,hypertensioninadultsplacesthematgreaterriskofheartattackandstroke.Butnobodylikestheideaofstartingyoungstersonblood-pressuremedicinetheycouldwinduptakingtherestoftheirlives.Whoknowswhatpreviouslyunheard-ofsideeffectscouldcropupafterfiveprsixdecadesofdailyuse?

Therationalehasbeen:kidsgrowoutofsomanythings,maybethey'llgrowoutofthistoo.

Now,though,comeswordthathighbloodpressurecanbedestructiveeveninchildhood.AccordingtoarecentreportinthejournalCirculation,19of130childrenwithhighbloodpressuredevelopedadangerousthickeningoftheheartmusclethat,inadultsatleast,hasbeenlinkedtoheartfailure.“Nooneknowsifthispatternholdstrueforyoungerpatientsaswell,”saysDr.StephenDaniels,apediatriccardiologistwholedthestudyatChildrensHospitalMedicalCenterinCincinnati,Ohio.“Butit’sworrisome.”

Who’smostatrisk?Boysmorethangirls,especiallyboyswhoareoverweight.Theirheartworkssohardtoforcebloodthroughextralayersoffatthatitswallsgrowmoredense.Then,afterdecadesofstraining,itgrowstoobigtopumpbloodverywell.Fortunatelytheabnormal,thickeningcanbespottedbyultrasound.Andinmostcase,gettingthatbloodpressureundercontrol—throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment一allowstheoverworkedmuscletoshrinktonormalsize.

Howcanyoutellifyoursarelikethe670,000Americanchildrenages10to18withhighbloodpressure?It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery.Youshouldhaveatestdonebyadoctor,whowillconsultspecialtablesthatindicatemenormalrangeofbloodpressureforaparticularchild’sage,heightandsex.Ifthedoctorfindsanabnormalresulthewillrepeatthetestoveraperiodofmonthstomakesurethereadingisn’tafake.He’llalsocheck,whetherotherconditions,likekidneydisease,couldbethesourceofthetrouble.BecausehypertensioncanbehardtodetecttheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstituterecommendsannualblood-pressurechecksforeverychildoverage3.

Abouthalfthecasesofhypertensionstemdirectlyfromkidsbeingoverweight.Andtheproblemislikelytogrow.Overthepast30yearstheproportionofchildrenintheU.S.whoareoverweighthasdoubled,from5%to11%or4.7millionkids.

Youcankeepyourchildrenfromjoiningtheirranksbyclearingthejunkfoodfromyourpantryandhookingyoukids—theearlierthebetter一onhealthy,attractivesnackslikefruits(tryfreezinggrapesorcarrotstickswithsalsa).Notonlywilltheyloweryourchildren’sbloodpressure:thesefoodswillalsoboosttheirimmunesystemandunclogtheirplumbing.Meanwhile,makesureyourkidsspendmoretimeontheplaygroundthanwiththeirPlay-Station.Eveniftheydon’tshedapound,vigorousexercisewillhelpkeeptheirbloodvesselsniceandwide,loweringtheirbloodpressure.Andofcourse,they’llbemorelikelytoeatlightandexerciseifyousetagoodexample.

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby（）.

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.fix

B.clear

C.hinder

D.dismantle

问题2选项

A.hypertensionishardtodetect

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretested

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagrocery

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexamined

问题3选项

A.Drugtreatment.

B.Weightloss.

C.Exercise.

D.Overwork.

问题4选项

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstroke

B.parent'sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressure

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertension

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttrouble

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby______.1.最后一段的unclog可以用______代替。

A.fixA.修理

B.clearB.清除

C.hinderC.阻碍

D.dismantleD.拆卸

【考查点】词义推测题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至最后一段第二句“这些食物不仅能降低孩子的血压，还能增强他们的免疫系统，unclog他们的管道”，可知，既然是有益的食物，当然是能疏通和清洁管道。所以unclog的意思是“疏通”的意思，只有B项“清理，清除”意思与之相近。

【干扰项排除】A项“修理”、C项“阻碍”和D项“拆卸”都是曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies______.2.通过说“这不是那种你在当地杂货店的免费监测站把孩子的手臂套在袖口上就能抓到的东西”，作者想表示______。

A.hypertensionishardtodetectA.高血压很难检测

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretestedB.孩子们经常拒绝测量血压

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagroceryC.如果你想在杂货店检查孩子的血压，你将不得不支付一大笔钱

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexaminedD.在当地的一家杂货店，你可以自由决定如何检查孩子的血压

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第五段第二句“这不是那种你在当地杂货店的免费监测站把你的孩子的手臂绑在袖口上就能抓到的东西”，结合上一句“你怎么知道你的孩子是不是像67万10到18岁患有高血压的美国孩子一样呢？”，以及第五段一直强调检测儿童是否高血压，医生需要参考特殊的表格，如果有异常的话需要医生重复进行测试，来确保读数为真，还要检查是否有其他的疾病引起高血压，第五段最后一句更是直接点明“因为高血压很难被发现，国家心肺血液研究所建议每年对每个3岁以上的儿童进行血压检查”，可以推测出作是想表达测量高血压并非易事，所以并不是在当地杂货店通过简单的检测机器就可以检查出的，必须去医院做检查，故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“孩子们经常拒绝测量血压”原文未提及，属于无中生有；

C项“如果你想在杂货店检查孩子的血压，你将不得不支付一大笔钱”与原文不符合，原文已经提到杂货店的监测站是免费的，该项反向干扰；

D项“在当地的一家杂货店，你可以自由决定如何检查孩子的血压”根据解题思路可知，该项并不符合原文，属于曲解原文。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?3.以下哪项不是作者建议的控制高血压的方法？

A.Drugtreatment.A.药物治疗。

B.Weightloss.B.减肥。

C.Exercise.C.锻炼。

D.Overwork.D.过度工作。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第四段最后一句“而且在大多数情况下，通过减肥和锻炼，或者作为最后的手段，药物治疗（throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment），控制血压可以使过度劳累的肌肉收缩到正常大小”，从中可知，控制高血压的办法包括减肥、锻炼和药物治疗，只有D项“过度工作”没有提到。故该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“药物治疗”、B项“减肥”和C项“锻炼”都符合原文，属于反向干扰。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.4.我们可以从文章中得出______的结论？

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstrokeA.患有高血压的儿童不太可能患心脏病和中风

B.parent’sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressureB.父母的血压决定孩子的血压

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertensionC.除了超重，还有其他因素导致高血压

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttroubleD.剧烈运动有时会导致心脏病

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据倒数第二段第一句“大约有一半的高血压病例是直接由儿童超重引起的”，从这句话我们可以推断，还有其他的因素也会导致高血压。C项“除了超重，还有其他因素导致高血压”符合这一分析，故该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“患有高血压的儿童不太可能患心脏病和中风”，在原文第三段提到，患有高血压的儿童出现危险的心肌增厚，所以该项并不正确，属于反向干扰；

B项“父母的血压决定孩子的血压”没有提到，无中生有；

D项“剧烈运动有时会导致心脏病”，在原文最后一段倒数第二句提到“剧烈的运动也会帮助他们保持血管的健康和宽阔，降低他们的血压”，可知，“剧烈运动有时会导致心脏病”与原文不符，曲解原文。

10.单选题

（

）hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhis

assignment.

问题1选项

A.Muchthough

B.Muchas

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】B

【解析】考查状语从句。as可以引导原因状语从句，though不能引导原因状语从句。as引导原因状语的时候进行倒装，much是用来修饰want的程度副词

句意：因为周末他很想跟他的朋友出去玩，所以他不得不留下来完成作业。

11.单选题

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

问题1选项

A.doesit

B.hasit

C.doesthere

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】Therebe的反义疑问句直接用be动词+there。

12.单选题

AldousHuxleywasamostunfortunateman.Whenhediedin1963hemusthaveexpiredintheconfidentbeliefthattheeventwouldbegivenwidecoverageinthepressthenextday.Afterall,hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.AsaresultHuxleygotaboutthreecolumninchesatthebottomofpage27.

InthesamewaythedeathofVictorFarrishasgonewidelyunnoticedbecausehefoolishlyshuffledoffthismortalcoilatthesametimeasMr.KonstantinCherenkov.Now,asyouallknow,VictorFarriswasthechapwhoinventedthepaperclip,thepapermilkcartontoo.AndpaperclipsandmilkcartonswillbeinuselongaftereveryonehasforgottenthenameofthecomradewhocamebetweenAndropovandwhateverthisnewblokeiscalled.

ThesamegoesfortheinventorofthesupermarkettrolleywhodiedinSwitzerlandafewmonthsago.Felloffhistrolley,sotospeak.Foralliknow,hemaybeahouseholdnameinhisowncantonandtheyareputtingupastatueofhomewheelinghistrolley,andaregoingtocommemoratehimononeofthoseever-so-tastefulSwisspostagestampsweusedtocollectwhenwewereyoungerandwiser,butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.Personallyiforgotitwithinminutesofreadingofhisdecease.

Notthatitmatters.Somehowitishardtoimaginethingslikepaperclipsandsupermarkettrolleyshavinghadanamedinventor.It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.Oneassumesthattheseeverydayobjectsjusthappened,orevolvedthroughnaturalselection.

Itisn’tnecessarilyso.IreadonlytheotherdaythatRichardLiinventedthehandkerchief.AlmosteverythingelsewasinventedeitherbyLeonardodaVinci(scissors,bicycles,helicopters,andprobablyspoons,socksandtheRubikcubeaswell)orbyBenjaminFranklin(lightning-conductor,rocking-chair,bifocals)orelsebyJosephStalin(television).

It’squitepossiblethatLeonardoorBenjaminFranklinorStalinalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolley.Certainlyithasbeeninventedmorethanonce.HardlywasHerrEdelweiss(orwhatevertheSwisschapwascalled)inhisgravethannewscameofthedeathofSylvanN.Goodmanattheageof86.Sylvanalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolleyor,astheLosAngelesTimesreportcallsit,theshoppingcart.

Bethatasitmay,HerrEdelweissorSylvanGoodman,orboth,didagrandjobandmadesupermarketshoppingfarlesshellishthanitwouldotherwisebe.Thenextstepwillbetogetthetrolleysoutoftheshopsandintothestreets.Youcouldputanengineinthefrontandcallitacar.Orgiveitbigwheelsandacanopyandcallitapram.Thepossibilitiesareendless.

1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHerrEdelweiss_______.

2.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinordertoillustratethat_______.

3.Whoprobablyinventedspoons?

4.BystatingthatLeonardodaVinciinventedhelicopters,theauthormeans_______.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAldousHuxley?

问题1选项

A.wasrememberedbythepeoplealloverworld

B.madealotofmoneyfromhisinvention

C.wasnotveryfamous

D.wasabusinesspartnerofSylvanGoodman

问题2选项

A.thenamesofthepeoplewhoinventedthemostusefulthingsareusuallyforgotten

B.everydayobjectsareinventedandevolvethroughnaturalselection

C.manyeverydayobjectsareinventedmorethanonce

D.manyfamouspeoplehavepassedawaywithoutbeingnoticed

问题3选项

A.LeonardodaVinci.

B.BenjaminFranklin.

C.VictorFarris.

D.apersonunknown.

问题4选项

A.hereallydidit

B.heisamilitaryscientist

C.hepaintedinoneofhismasterpiecesahelicopters

D.peopleturntoascribeinventionstohimbuttheyarewrong

问题5选项

A.Hisdeathwasnotreportedbythepress.

B.Hewasafamousinventor.

C.Hemadeaverybigmistakeinhislateyears.

D.HediedonthesamedayasJohnF.Kennedy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据关键词“HerrEdelweiss”定位到最后两段，这两段提到HerrEdelweiss和SylvanGoodman都曾发明了手推车；再根据第三段倒数第二句“butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.”作者怀疑他的名字是否会在这个小国之外被人记住。也就是说，HerrEdelweiss并不出名，选项C符合原文。

2.结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲很多发明了日常用品的发明家们的名字却没有被人们记住。选项A符合原文。

3.根据第四段的第三句“It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.”这就像发现在某个特定的历史时刻某个特定的人发明了勺子，椅子，或者袜子。虽然第五段第三句提到LeonardodaVinci发明了剪子、自行车、直升飞机、勺子、袜子和骰子等，但事实上作者想表达的意思是：人们只记得一些有名的人物,却根本不知道是谁发明了这些重要的日常用品。所以本题选D。

4.和上一题一样，作者意在说明：人们只记得一些有名的人物，喜欢把他想象成发明了很多东西的人。

5.根据第一段的倒数第二句“WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.”他犯的最大错误就是在约翰•肯尼迪遇刺的同一天死去。可知选项D符合原文。第一段最后一句提到Huxley的死讯只出现在报纸第27版的末尾部分，并不是没有报道，只是篇幅很小，所以选项A错误；根据“hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.”可知他并不出名；选项C理解有误，所以本题选项D。

13.单选题

Muchofthenewsprovidedbythisnewspaperis(

)

notforeign.

问题1选项

A.domestic

B.devilish

C.unusual

D.civilian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。domestic“国内的”；devilish“邪恶的，精力旺盛的”；unusual“不寻常的”；civilian“民用的”。句意：这家报纸提供的新闻都是（）的而不是外国的。由notforeign可推知这家报纸提供的消息大部分是国内的，故A项符合题意。

14.翻译题

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesr