考研考博-英语-吉林水利电力职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林水利电力职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thedeanaskedthesecretaryiftherewereenoughpeople（）toholdafacultymeeting.

问题1选项

A.onhand

B.onaverage

C.onpurpose

D.onend

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项onhand“在手边；在场；临近；现有”；B选项onaverage“平均”；C选项onpurpose“故意地”；D选项onend“连续地；竖着”。句意：院长问秘书（）的人数是否足够到可以召开教师会议。根据语境，onhand“在场”修饰people比较合理。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Manyrapecrisisandbatteredwomen’sprogramsalsohaveeducationalcomponentsfocusingonyouth.However,mostoftheseapproachesdependuponindividualclasspresentationswithoutensuringotheraspectsofnecessary（

）support,includingthoroughstafftraining,supportiveservicesformaleandfemalevictims,andrehabilitativeanddisciplinaryprogramsforabusers.

问题1选项

A.stylized

B.dogmatized

C.formalized

D.institutionalized

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项stylized“非写实的；程式化的”；B选项dogmatized“武断的”；C选项formalized“形式化的；正式的”；D选项institutionalized“约定俗成的；使成惯例的”句意：许多强奸危机和受虐妇女项目也有针对青年的教育内容。然而，这些方法大多依赖于个别的课堂报告，而没有确保其他方面的必要的……的支持，包括彻底的工作人员培训、对男女受害者的支持服务、对施虐者的康复和纪律方案。由句意判断可知缺少制度化的支持，D选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Walkingthroughmytrainyesterday,staggeringfrommyseattothebuffetandback,IcountedfivepeoplereadingHarryPotternovels.Notchildren-thesewererealgrown-upsreadingchildren’sbooks.

Maybethatwouldhavebeenunderstandable.Ifthesepeoplehadjumpedwhole-heartedlyintoasecondchildhooditwouldhavemademoresense.Buttheywerecard-carryinggrown-upswithlaptopsandspreadsheetsreturningfromsalesmeetingsandseminars.Yettheychosetoreadachildren’sbook.

Idon’timagineyou’llfindthisheadcountexceptional.YoucannolongergetontheLondonTubeandnotseeaHarryPotterbook.Norisitjustthefilm;thesethrowbackreaderswereoutthereindroveslongbeforethemoviecampaignopened.

SowhoaretheseadultreaderswhohavemadeJ.K.Rowlingthesecond-biggestfemaleearnerinBritain(afterMadonna)AsIhavetrampedalongstreetsknee-deepinHarryPotterpaperbacks,I’vementallyslottedthemintothreegroups.

FirstcometheNever-Readers,whomHarryhasenticedintoopeningabook.Isthisabadthingprobablynot.Writinghasmanyadvantagesoverfilm,butitcannevercompetewithitsmagneticpunch.Ifthesebookscanre-establishthenovelasathrillingexperienceforsomepeople,thenthiscanonlybeforthebetter.Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.

ThesecondgrouparetheOccasionalReaders.Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.It’sinfuriating,andmaddening.Yes,I’mawritermyself,currentlywritingdifficult,unreadable,hopefullyunsettlingnovels,buttherearesomanyothergoodbooksoutthere,somuchrewarding,enlightening,enlargingworksoffictionforadults;andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.

ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwanandBalzac,RothandDickens.Thisistherealbaffler—whatonearthdotheygetoutofreadingit?Whybother?Butiftheycallrattlethroughitinaweekjusttosaythey’vebeenthere—likegoingtoLongleatortheEiffelTower—theworstthey’redoingisencouragingothers.

1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Theauthorbelievesthatmanyadultsread（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theNever-Readers（）.

4.TheOccasionalReadersarereferredtoassadcasesbecause（）.

5.What’sthebadeffectofthewaytheRegularReadersreadHarryPatter?

6.ThemainculpritforthismadnessaboutHarryPotterismostprobably（）.

问题1选项

A.TheworldwidepopularityofHarryPotter.

B.AdultsbenefitingfromreadingHarryPotter.

C.TheoriginofHarryPotterasachildren’sbook.

D.ReflectionsonHarryPotter’spopularityamongadults.

问题2选项

A.tofollowsuit

B.toenjoyasecondchildhood

C.tokilltime

D.toshareHarry’sadventure

问题3选项

A.willtakeupreadingastheirlifelonghobby

B.havegotmorefromthebookthanfromthefilm

C.maybarelygetinterestedinotherbooksthanHarryPotter

D.canhardlybedrivenbythecrowdstoreadanybook

问题4选项

A.they’retoobusytoenjoyregularreading

B.they’resufferingfromtheheavyworkload

C.theyhaveahardtimeselectingwhattoread

D.theirreadingtasteisaffectedbyfashion

问题5选项

A.Itwillpromotetoomanyvisitstotheplacesthebookmentions.

B.Itwilldiscouragepeoplefromreadingrealmasterpieces.

C.Itwillfosterreadingaspartofafast-foodculture.

D.Itwillcauseaconfusionoffaddismwithclassics.

问题6选项

A.JKRowing

B.thepublisher

C.themediahype

D.itsthrillingstories

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。从整篇文章读下来，前四段是作者在火车上发现有成年人在读《哈利•波特》的现象以及作者的所想，后三段作者将阅读《哈利•波特》的成年人群分为三组，分析《哈利•波特》受欢迎的原因，由此可知D选项“《哈利•波特》受成年人欢迎的反思”符合题意。

2.事实细节题。定位到文章第五段中的Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.（如果这需要痴迷程度的宣传来吸引他们进入书店，对我来说没问题）可知A选项“为了跟风”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。定位到文章第五段中的Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.（但我们只能希望，他们还会继续读别的书吗?）可知C选项“除了《哈利•波特》，对其他书籍几乎没有兴趣”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。定位到文章第六段中的Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.（这些人声称疲劳，工作和孩子使他们一年只能读几本书，然而现在，作为人群中的一员，说他们已经读过它了，他们把《哈利•波特》列入了他们的“超精选”阅读清单）可知D选项“他们的阅读品味受到时尚的影响”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。定位到文章第七段ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwan(英国当代作家)andBalzac,Roth(德国现代诗人)andDickens可了解到文化的混乱，因此D选项正确。

6.事实细节题。定位到文章第六段andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.（然而，这些令人悲伤的案例却被大肆宣传和时尚潮流席卷，变成了儿童读物）表明媒体炒作使得《哈利•波特》的宣传十分到位且疯狂，因此选项C正确。

4.单选题

ContinuedinequitiesbetweentherichandpowerfulminorityandtheimpoverishedmassesappalledmostEgyptians.

问题1选项

A.offended

B.captivated

C.shocked

D.puzzled

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.offended得罪，冒犯B.captivated迷住，使着迷

C.shocked使震惊，使惊愕D.puzzled迷惑，使困惑

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】appalled的意思为“使胆寒，使惊骇”，和mostEgyptians构成动宾搭配关系，指的是大多数埃及人很震惊，shocked与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】有钱有势的少数人和贫穷大众之间长期不平等，这使大多数埃及人感到震惊。

5.单选题

SomeoneshouldhavetoldRichardNixonthathiseyelidswerebetrayinghim.OnAugust22,1973,duringhisfirstnationallytelevisedpressconferencesincetheSenate’sWatergateinvestigationbegansixmonthsearlier,thepresidentmaintainedacalm,controlledloneofvoice.Butinansweringsuchpointedquestionsas“Isthereanylimitationonthepresident,shortofimpeachment,tocompeltheproductionofevidence?”Nixon’seyesbecameablur.Inanaverageminuteheblinked30to40times.Unimpeachableadultsblinkonlyabout10to20timesaminute,andeventhatmaybeexcessive;studiesoninfantsshowthatthephysicalneedtoblinkcomesjustonceeverytwominutes.

Alltheseextrablinksrepresentmorethanjustwaterywipesfordrycorneas.Somearedustinduced;othersarereflexblinks,protectiveresponsestoatapontheforeheadorthepopofaballoon.What’sleftoveristhethousandsofblinksadaythatseemtooccurwithoutcauseandatrandom.Butinfacttheseblinksarepreciselytimed,andthey’redirectlylinkedtowhat’sonourmind.

Excitement,fatigue,andanxietycanallbedetectedfromsomeone’sblinks,accordingtopsychologistJohnSternofWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.SternhasbeeninterestedinblinkseversincehewatchedNixonparrypressquestions,andhespecializedinthestudyonthesetinytwitches,usingthemassensitiveprobesofhowthebrainworks.

“IuseblinksasapsychologicalmeasuretomakeinferencesaboutthinkingbecauseIhaveverylittlefaithinwhatyoutellmeaboutwhatyou’rethinking,"hesays.“IfIaskyouthequestion,‘Whatdoesthephrasearollingstonegathersnomossmean?’youcan’ttellmewhenyou’vestartedlookingfortheanswer.ButIcan,bywatchingyoureyes.”

BlinksalsotellSternwhenyouhaveunderstoodhisquestion―oftenlongbeforehe’sfinishedaskingit—andwhenyou’vefoundananswerorpartofone.“Weblinkattunesthatarepsychologicallyimportant,"hesays.“Youhavelistenedtoaquestion,youunderstandit,nowyoucantaketimeoutforablink-Blinksarepunctuationmarks.Theirtimingistiedtowhatisgoingoninyourhead.”

Understandably,newacquaintancestendtosquirmwhenSterntellsthemwhathedoesforaliving.“TheythinkI'vebeenwatchingthemblink,”hesays,“whichisnotthecase.They'llsay,‘YoumeanyoucantellhowI’mthinkingbymyblinks?”ThenItellthemIcan’tlistentothemandwatchthemblinkatthesametime."

Butfewthingsdomoretostirtheurgetoblink—andthuscontaminateblinkresearch-thanthethoughtthatsomeoneiswatchingyoureyes.“IfItellsomeoneI’mwatchingthemblink,”saysStern,“thatimmediatelymakesthemuncomfortable.Eventuallythey'llstopthinkingabouttheirblinks,butuntiltheydo,theyblinkatanabnormalrate,”

Thisparadoxicaleffectforcedpioneersinthefieldtocarryouttheirexperimentssurreptitiously.Inthe1920sthefirstblinkresearchers,twoScottishscientistsfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,conductedtheirearlystudiesinthebacksofcourtrooms,secretlywatchingtheeyesofwitnessesandtryingtodeterminehowtheirblinksreflectedtheirtestimony.Theresearchwaslimitedtocountingblinksandcomparingtheratesfordifferentsituations.Crudeasthesestudieswere,theyshowedindisputablythatanxiety-riddensituations,suchasacross-examination,doindeedtendtofostermoreblinks.

Today’sresearchershaveupgradedtheirtechniquesconsiderably,andtheirinterestshaveshiftedfromblinkratestoblinkreplacementandduration.InStern'slab,subjectsarewiredwithtinyelectrodesaboveandbelowtheireyestomeasurethedifferenceintheelectricpotentialoftheeyewhenitisopenandclosed.Thevolunteersatetoldthattheapparatus13onlyformeasuringhowtheeyeballmoves;infactittimestothemillisecondhowlongeachcomponentofablinklastsandwhentheblinkoccursinresponsetoagivenstimulus.

Sternhasfoundthatsubjectssuppressblinkswhentheyareabsorbingoranticipatinginformationbutnotwhenthey’rerecitingit.Peopleblinklater,forexample,iftheyhavetomemorizesixnumbersinsteadoftwo.“Youdon'tblink”hesays,“untilyouhavecommittedtheinformationtosomeshort-termmemorystore.”Andifsubjectsarecuedthatthesetofnumbersiscomingin,say,fiveseconds,they'llcurbtheirblinksuntilthetaskisover.

Similarly,themoreimportanttheinformationthatpeoplearetakingin,themorelikelytheyaretoputtheirblinksonholdforit.Pilotsblinklesswhenthey’reresponsibleforflyingaplanethanwhenthey’reintheco-pilot’sseat.Driversroutinelyblinkwhentheyshifttheireyesfromtheroadtotherearviewmirror.Butiftheyseetheflashinglightsofastatetrooperbehindthem,theireyeswilldartunmoistenedtothespeedometerandbacktothemirror.

Thistendencytoputblinksonthebackburnerwheneveralertnessiskeyhasluredoneofthenation’sleadingstudentsofalertness,theAirForce,intotheblinkbusiness.Itisworkingtoobservenotonlythefrequencybutalsothelengthofblinks(whichincreaseswithfatigue)'togaugewhetherfliersarepayingattention.“Blinksarerelativelyeasytomonitor,”saysJamesMiller,aresearchpsychologistatEdwardsAirForceBaseinCalifornia.“Forverylittletrouble,theygiveusagreatdealofinformationaboutwhat’sgoingoninthebrain.”

Milleranticipatesthatinfiveorsixyearsablink-watchingapparatuscouldbeincorporatedintothegearthatpilotsalreadywear.Theywouldn’tnecessarilyhavetodonelectrodes;rather,aninvisibleinfraredlightshiningontheireyeballcouldreflectbacktoadetectorandsignalwhethertheeyewasopenorclosed.“Ifthemonitorshowedsomethingunusual,”saysMiller,“wecouldthennotifythepilotandperhapspullhimoffthejob.”

Sternwishessuchalertnessmonitorswouldberequiredfordriversaswell.“WhatIwouldliketosee,”hesays，“iseverycarwithabigredlightontopthatflasheswhenthedriverhasstoppedpayingattention.ThenifIseethatlightflashing,1cangetoutoftheway.”

Suchdreams,however,takeabackseattoStern’slatestinterest:tacklingthebroaderquestionofhowpeopleusetheireyestogatherinformation.He’swidenedhisfocustoincludetheinteractionsofblinkswithtwootherelementsofvisualactivity;movementsoftheeyesandhead.Duringablink,eyestendtomovetowhateverwillbetheirnextposition,andSternfindsthatthishappens,inparticular,wheneverthetaskbeingperformedisacomplexone.Itseemsthatundercertainconditionsthebrainlinksblinkswitheyemovementstoreducethetimetheeyespendsoutofservice.

Headmovementsalsovarywiththerigorofatask.Sterncanusuallyidentifywhenareadingchildshiftsfromonelinetothenextbecausehe’llmovehishead—notjusthiseyes-toscantheline.“Adultswilldothesamethingwhenthey’rereadingdifficultmaterial,”Sternsays，“butnotwhenthereadingiseasy.”

Stern’scontinuingcuriosityaboutblinkshasbeensharedbyfewothersovertheyears.Butgraduallytheranksofblinkbuffsaregrowing.“Therearepocketsofinterestdevelopingabroad,”hesays.“AgroupinJapansentsomeonetoworkinourlablastyearandagroupinGermanyhopestosendsomeonesoon.Peoplearefinallydiscoveringhowmuchtheeyescantellusaboutthebrain.”

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposewasto（）.

2.Whenapersonislisteningintently,theeyestendto（）.

3.Onthebasisoftheinformationinthepassage,whodoyouthinkwouldbenefitLEASTbyeyeblinkresearch?

4.SternfoundthatblinkswerecloselyassociatedwithallBUTwhichofthefollowing?

5.WhichofthefollowingcouldNOTbeinferredtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.warnthereadertowatchoutwhentalkingtoresearchteams

B.explainhowinvestigatorsjudgedwhetherRichardNixonwastellingthetruth

C.showtherelationshipbetweenthefrequencyanddurationofeyeblinkstothefunctionsofthebrain

D.explainaboutblinkresearchwithairplanepilotsandautomobiledrivers.

问题2选项

A.blinkmorerapidly

B.blinkmoreslowly

C.notblinkatall’

D.blinkandbecomewatery

问题3选项

A.Drivers.

B.Pilots

C.Lawyers.

D.Actors.

问题4选项

A.Headmovements

B.Liesandfeelingsofguilt

C.Excitement,fatigue,andanxiety

D.Mealtimeandrelaxation

问题5选项

A.Morepeoplearebeginningtoseethevalueofstudyingeyeblinks.

B.Thestudyofeyeblinksshouldbeofinteresttoeveryone.

C.Blinkresearchcouldmakeairplanetravelsaferinthefuture.

D.Apparatusforstudyingeyeblinkswillbemoresophisticatedinthenearfuture.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由Butinfacttheseblinksarepreciselytimed,andthey’redirectlylinkedtowhat’sonourmind.但事实上，这些眨眼是精确计时的，它们直接与我们的思想联系在一起。以及SternhasbeeninterestedinblinkseversincehewatchedNixonparrypressquestions,andhespecializedinthestudyonthesetinytwitches,usingthemassensitiveprobesofhowthebrainworks.自从他看到尼克松•帕里的新闻提问后，斯特恩就对眨眼很感兴趣，他专门研究这些微小的抽搐，用它们作为大脑如何工作的敏感探针。可知本文主要研究眨眼与思维与大脑活动的关系。故C项正确。

2.推理判断题。由Sternhasfoundthatsubjectssuppressblinkswhentheyareabsorbingoranticipatinginformationbutnotwhenthey’rerecitingit.斯特恩发现，受试者在吸收或预测信息时会抑制眨眼，而在背诵信息时则不会。以及Similarly,themoreimportanttheinformationthatpeoplearetakingin,themorelikelytheyaretoputtheirblinksonholdforit.同样地，人们接收到的信息越重要，他们就越有可能为了得到这些信息而控制眨眼。可知当人们在专心听讲时，眨眼会收到抑制和延迟，故B项正确。

3.推理判断题。文中分别提到了Stern对于司机，飞行员以及律师眨眼的研究，并没有提到演员与眨眼的关系，所以演员应该是从眨眼研究中受益最小的。故D项正确。

4.推理判断题。文章提到了眨眼与头部运动，说谎，以及兴奋，疲惫及焦虑的关系，并没有提到吃饭时和放松状态下与眨眼的关系，故D项正确。

5.推理判断题。A项“越来越多的人开始看到研究眨眼的价值。”与文中“Therearepocketsofinterestdevelopingabroad,国外也有许多人对此研究感兴趣”相符。B项“对眨眼的研究应该是每个人都感兴趣的。”属于过度推断，有点绝对。故不正确。由“Ifthemonitorshowedsomethingunusual,”saysMiller,“wecouldthennotifythepilotandperhapspullhimoffthejob.米勒说:“如果显示器显示有异常情况，我们就可以通知飞行员，也许还可以让他停止工作。”可推知在未来，眨眼研究会使飞行更安全，故C项“眨眼的研究可以使未来的飞机旅行更安全。”正确。D项“在不久的将来，研究眨眼的仪器将会更加高级的。”文中提到用于未来用于飞行员的眼睛的探测仪器是精细的，随着技术和研究的不断发展，仪器只会更加精细和高级。故D项的推测正确。答案B.

6.单选题

Wehadtotakethefrontdooroffits(

)

togetthisdeskintothehouse.

问题1选项

A.joints

B.hinges

C.boards

D.axles

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。joint“连接处，关节”；hinge“合页”；board“木板”；axles“轴”。句意：我们得把前门卸下来，以便把桌子搬进屋子里。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

IthoughtIsawwaterinthedistancebutitmusthavebeenanoptical（）.

问题1选项

A.perception

B.delusion

C.illusion

D.deception

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查了名词辨析。perception“感知”；delusion“欺骗；错觉”；illusion“错觉；幻象”；deception“欺诈”，此句中有一个转折词but，所以可知前面所说的看到水是一种幻觉，所以可以排除选项A、D；delusion所指的错觉通常是指心理上的误解，所以此处应该用illusion，故正确答案为选项C。句意为：我以为我看到了远处有水，但是这肯定是一种光影幻觉。

8.单选题

Thecaptain____thehorizonforapproachingships.

问题1选项

A.scanned

B.scrutinized

C.explored

D.swept

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析与上下文语义。A选项scanned“（~sthforsth）仔细察看；审视”；B选项scrutinized“（~sb/sth）仔细审查，用挑剔的眼光以及对细节苛求的态度”；C选项explored“（实地）勘探，考察”；D选项swept“扫地；大步走”。句意：船长____地平线为了____靠近的船只。根据句意，船长应该是用眼睛仔细察看地平线，排除C、D选项；句意强调“仔细检查”，B选项中“挑剔、苛求的态度”语气过重，且从搭配的角度入手，根据原文中的介词for提示，空格处选用动词scan更好。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

9.单选题

Theboyhasadmittedto（

）thewindowwhileplayingfootballyesterday.

问题1选项

A.breaking

B.havingbeenbroken

C.break

D.bebreaking

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那个男孩承认在昨天踢足球的时候打破了窗子。

语法题。考查动词时态。admitto中的to是介词，后接动词吋需用-ing形式,排除C，D；并且break是瞬间动词不能用完成时态，故答案选项为A。

10.单选题

Anearthquakeisashakingoftheground（）whenmassesofrockbeneaththesurfaceoftheearthchangeposition.

问题1选项

A.whichoccurring

B.itoccurs

C.andthereforeoccurring

D.thatoccurs

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。A选项which是多余的，occurring是分词作定语，不需要引导词；B选项it不能引导定语从句；C选项语法混乱；根据语法结构选择D选项“thatoccurs”，whenmassesofrockbeneaththesurfaceoftheearthchangeposition是由that引导的定语从句。句意：地震是一种地面的震动……当地球表面下的大块岩石改变位置。因此答案为D选项。

11.单选题

Stevensonfoundno（）tocarryontheworkofhisfather.

问题1选项

A.aptitude

B.reaction

C.arrangement

D.polarization

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

aptitude天资,自然倾向；reaction反应；arrangement安排,打算；polarization两极化。havenoarrangementtodo“没有……的打算”,选项C符合句意。

12.单选题

Deserts,dryareaswith（）novegetation,covermorethanone-thirdoftheEarth’sland

surface.

问题1选项

A.surprisingly

B.eventually

C.permanently

D.virtually

【答案】D

【解析】副词辨析。句意：（）没有植被的沙漠和干旱地区，覆盖超过三分之一的地球陆地表面。

surprisingly令人惊奇地，令人吃惊地；eventually最终地；permanently永久地；virtually几乎；事实上。

D项符合句意。

13.单选题

Shewasdeliriouslastnight,butsheseemsquitelucidthismorning.

问题1选项

A.rational

B.peaceful

C.patient

D.insane

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她昨天晚上神志不清，但是今天早上看起来十分……。rational“理智的；清醒的”；peaceful“安静的，平静的”；patient“有耐心的”；insane“精神失常的”。根据“but”这个转折连词可知后半句与前半句的意思是相反的，所以划线单词lucid的意思是“清醒的”，选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Youmay（

）earlyasyouhavetocatchanearlytraintomorrow.

问题1选项

A.remain

B.reverse

C.retreat

D.retire

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。remain意为“保留”；reverse意为“颠倒，翻转”；retreat意为“撤退，离开”；retire意为“退休”。

句意：你可能要早点离开了，因为你明早还要去赶火车。

15.单选题

Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,（

）overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.

问题1选项

A.whose

B.which

C.that

D.what

【答案】A

【解析】语法（定语从句）题。分析题目可知，空格处填入的词是引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是beer，跟空格后的overallconsumption是所属关系，所以连接词用whose，A选项正确。

16.单选题

Theworldwillbeadvancingwithsuchgreatspeedthatour____willlookuponusandourtimewithasenseofsuperiority.

问题1选项

A.antecedents

B.descendants

C.predecessors

D.contemporaries

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.antecedents祖先B.descendants后代

C.predecessors前人D.contemporaries同时代的人

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处前文提到“世界将以如此快的速度前进”，空格处为从句的主语，后文提到“会以一种优越感看待我们和我们的时代”。“优越感”说明他们所处的时代比我们现在的时代要更好，而世界是不断进步的，因此，其主语应该是我们的后代，B选项descendants“后代”符合语义逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不能使原句前后语义衔接。

【句意】世界将以如此巨大的速度前进，以至于我们的后代将以一种优越感看待我们和我们的时代。

17.单选题

Hewasavery____electricianandcouldrepairallkindsofelectricappliance.

问题1选项

A.competent

B.elaborate

C.industrious

D.thrifty

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.competent能干的B.elaborate详尽的

C.industrious勤劳的D.thrifty节俭的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析与语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处所填词用来形容“他”是一个怎样的电工，根据后文“能修理各种电器”可知，他是一个能干的电工，A选项competent“能干的”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】他是个非常能干的电工，能修理各种电器。

18.翻译题

Today,thereiswidespreadagreementthatcloningforreproductionisunsafeandshouldbebanned.Now,thedebatehasshiftedawayfromtheethicsofbaby-makingandtowardthemoralityofcloningembryosfortheircellsandissues,whichmightbeusedtotreatdiseases.Thecontroversypitsreligiousconservativesandabortionopponents,whoregardembryosasnascenthumanlife,againstpatients’groups,scientistsandthebiotechnologyindustry.

【答案】现在，人们达成共识的是，为再生产而进行的克隆是不安全的，因此应该禁止。当前，人们争论的焦点已不再局限于克隆婴儿的伦理问题。人们的注意已转移到对胚胎的克隆上来，尽管由之产生的组织和细胞有助于治疗很多疾病。因为保守的宗教人士和堕胎反对者认为胚胎是早期的生命形式，他们自然与患者、科学家和生物工业站在争论的两边。

19.单选题

Undernormalcircumstancesthebodycan（

）thesenaturallyoccurringsubstancesintovitamins.

问题1选项

A.convert

B.render

C.derive

D.originate

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。convert转化，转变；render致使，提供；derive源于，获得；originate发源，发生。句意：在正常情况下，身体可以将这些自然产生的物质转化为维生素。选项A符合句意。

20.单选题

（）,thebookhasmanymistakes.

问题1选项

A.Havingnotbeenwrittencarefully

B.Notwritingcarefully

C.Havingwrittennotcarefully

D.Nothavingbeenwrittencarefully

【答案】D

【解析】考查现在完成时的否定使用。非谓语动词的否定式通常是就在非谓语动词之前加not或never，由此可以排除A，C选项。句意：这本书写得不细心，有很多错误。在发现有很多错误的时候书已经完成了，所以需要使用完成时态，而书本的编撰是由人完成的，需要使用被动语态。因此D选项符合题意。

21.单选题

In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforcereportedthemselvestobeengagedin“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits”,thefederalcensuscategoryroughly（

）theentireindustrialsector.

问题1选项

A.motivating

B.encompassing

C.enticing

D.undercutting

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项motivate“激励；刺激”；B选项encompass“包含；包围”；C选项entice“怂恿；诱使”；D选项undercut“削（价）竞争；削弱”。句意：1910年，超过60万的黑人工人，或者说10%的黑人工人报告说他们从事“制造业和机械制造业”，这一联邦人口普查类别大致……整个工业部门。综合句意与选项可知B选项符合题意。

22.单选题

（）isquitenatural,abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly.

问题1选项

A.Which

B.As

C.What

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】句意:初学者不能很快地阅读英文原版书是很正常的。

语法题。考查非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句的时候，表示“正如那样”的含义。as指代的是后面的句子“abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly’’，而此处不用which,是因为定语从句中的which不能放在句首。

23.单选题

Lifeisoften（）toadream.

问题1选项

A.liked

B.resembled

C.comparing

D.likened

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项like“喜欢；想；愿意”；B选项resemble“类似，像”；C选项compare“比较，对比”；D选项liken“比拟；把…比作”。句意：人生常被喻为一场梦。此题选D，belikento表示“好比”。

24.单选题

Youcancomfortyourselfwiththethoughtthatyouarenottheonlyone（）inthatway.

问题1选项

A.tobesuffered

B.tohavesuffered

C.whowassuffered

D.ofthosesuffered

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你可以这样安慰你自己，你要想你不是唯一遭遇如此的人。

语法题。考查不定式。suffer“遭受”，通常使用主动语态，因此排除A跟C项。分析句子可知，空格处应该填入从句，修饰one,故排除D项。此题应该选B项。tohavesuffered表示不定式作后置定语修饰one。

25.单选题

ThePlanningCommissionassertsthattheneededreductioninacutecarehospitalbedscanbestbeaccomplishedbyclosingthesmallerhospitals,mainlyvoluntaryandproprietary.Thisstrategyfollowsfromtheargumentthatclosingentireinstitutionssavesmoremoneythanclosingtheequivalentnumberofbedsscatteredthroughoutthehealthsystem.

Theissueisnotthesimple.Largerhospitalsgenerallyaredesignedtoprovidemorecomplexcare.Routinecareatlargehospitalscostsmorethanthesamecaregivenatsmallerhospitals.Therefore,closureofallthesmallhospitalswouldcommitthecitytopayingconsiderablymoreforinpatientcaredeliveredatacutecarehospitalsthanwouldbethecasewithamixtureoflargeandsmallinstitutions.Sincereimbursementratesatthelargehospitalsarenowbasedontotalcosts,payingthelargeinstitutionsalowerrateforroutinecarewouldsimplyraisetheratesforcomplexcarebyacomparableamount.Suchareimbursementrateadjustmentmightmakethechargesforeachindividualcasemoreaccuratelyreflecttheactualcosts,buttherewouldbenoreductioninthetotalcosts.

Thereissomeevidencethatgianthospitalsarenotthemostefficient.Serviceorganizations—andmedicalcareremainslargelyaserviceindustry―frequentlyfindthatsavingsofscalehaveanupperlimit.Similarly,thequalityofroutinecareintheverylargesthospitalsappearstobelessthanoptimum.Also,theconcentrationofallhospitalbedsinafewlocationsmayaffecttheaccesstocare.

Thussimplyclosingthesmallerhospitalswillnotnecessarilysavemoneyorimprovethequalityofcare.

Sincethefactremainsthattherearetoomanyacutecarehospitalbedsinthecity,theproblemistodeviseaproperstrategyforselectingandurgingtheclosureoftheexcessbeds,howevermanyitmayturnouttobe.

Theclosingofwholebuildingswithinlargemedicalcentershadmanyofthecostadvantagesofclosingthewholeofsmallinstitutions,becausethefixedcostscanalsobereducedinsuchcases.Unfortunately,manyoftheseparatebuildingsatmedicalcentersarespecialusefacilities,therelocationofwhichisextremelycostly.Still,asearchshouldbemadeforsuchopportunities.

Thecurrentlackofadequateambulatorycarefacilitiesraisesanotherpossibility.Somefloorsorotherlargecompactareasofhospitalscouldbetransferredfrominpatienttoambulatoryuses.Reimbursementofambulatoryservicesischaotic,buttheproblemisbeingaddressed.Theoverheadassociatedwiththeentirehospitalshouldnotbechargedevenproratetotheambulatoryfacilities.Evenifitwere,thetotalcostwouldprobablybelessthanthatofbuildingofanewfacility.Manyotherissueswouldalsoneedstudy,especiallythepotentialover-centralizationofambulatoryservices.

ThePlanningCommissionlanguageseemstoimplythatonereasonforclosingsmallerhospitalsisthattheyare“mainlyvoluntaryandproprietary”,thus,preservingthepublichospitalsystembymakingtherestofthehospitalsystemabsorbtheneededcuts.Itisimportanttopreservethepublichospitalsystemformanyreasons,buttheissueshouldbefaceddirectlyandnothiddenbehindargumentsabouthospitalsizeifindeedthatwasthemeaning.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（）.

2.ThePlanningCommissionisaccusedbytheauthorofbeing（）.

3.Theauthor’spurposeindiscussingambulatorycareisto（）.

4.Withwhichofthefollowingistheauthorleastlikelytoagree?

5.Howdoestheauthorfeelthathissuggestionsfor