考研考博-英语-四川文轩职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川文轩职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thereis（）whatwillhappentothem.

问题1选项

A.notelling

B.nottelling

C.nottotell

D.nottobetold

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnotelling意为：难以预料，很难说。句意：很那说他发生了什么事。

2.单选题

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（）_nationalandculturalbarriers.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。transcend“胜过，超越”；traverse“穿过，来回移动，反驳”；abolish“废除，废止”；suppress“抑制，镇压”。句意：优秀的电影是那些超越国家和文化障碍的电影。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Nowadays,acellphoneserviceisavailabletoeveryone,everywhere.Probablythousandsofpeoplehavealreadybeenusingit,butIjustdiscoveredit,soI'mgoingtoclaimitandalsonameit:FakeFoning.

Thetechnologyhasbeenworkingwellformeattheoffice,butthereareinfiniteapplications.Virtuallyinanypublicspace.

Sayyouworkatabiguniversitywithlotsoftalkyfacultymembersbuzzingabout.Now,sayyouneedtousetherestroom.Thetripdownthehallwilltakeapproximatelyonehour,becauseapersoncan’twalkintothosetalkypeoplewithoutgettingpulledasideforaquestion,abitofgossip,anewreadonacertainlineofParadiseLost.

So,acellphone.Anycellphone.Justpickitup.Don'tdial.Justholdthatphonetoyourfaceandstarttalking.Walkconfidentlydownthehallengagedinfakeconversation,makingsuretotailorboththetopicandcontenttothepersonstandingbeforeyouwhomyouaretryingtoevade.

Forstandardcolleagueavoidance,Isuggestfakechattingaboutfakebusiness:

“Yes,I’mgladyoucalled,becausewereallyneedtohammeroutthedetails.What’sthat?Yes,IreadPage12,butifyoulookatthebottomof4,Ithinkyoucanseetheproblembeginsrightthere.”

Beengagedinyourfakefoneconversation.Makeeyecontactwiththepeoplepassing,nodtothem,gesturekeeninterestintalkingtothematalatertime,pointtoyourphone,shrugandmoveon.

Shoppersshouldconsiderfakefoninganytimetheyspotatalkyneighborintheproducedepartmentpinching(用手捏)unripepeaches.Withoutyourphoneatyourface,you'dbeinfora20-minutespeechonhowterribletheworldis.

Oneimportantcautionaboutfakefoning.TheotherdayIwasfakefoningmywaypastacolleague,andhewasactuallyfollowingmetogetmyattention.IknewhewantedtoaskaboutaprojectIhadnotyetfinished.Iwastryingtobuymyselfsometime,soIcontinuedfakefoningwithmydoctor.“SoIdon’tneedtheoperation?Oh,doctor,thatisthebestnews.”

Andthen:Brrrrrrng!Brrrrrmg!Brrrrrmg!Myphonestartedringing,righttherewhileitwasplantedonmyface.Mycolleaguelookedatme,andIathim,andnaturallyIgasped.“Whatisthematterwiththisthing?”Isaid,pullingthephoneawaytolookatit,andthenputtingitbacktomyear.

“Hello?Areyoustillthere?”

Oops.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?

2.Whatisfakingfoning?

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,inordertomakefoninglookrealonehasto

4.Whatdoesthelastexampleshow?

5.Afterhisphonesuddenlybeganringing,theauthor

问题1选项

A.Cellphoneserviceispopularamongpeople.

B.Fakefoningisanewcellphoneservice.

C.Cellphonehasmuchuseinoffice.

D.Fakefoningisanewdiscovery.

问题2选项

A.Adevicenewlyproduced.

B.Astrategytoavoidpeople.

C.Aserviceprovidedeverywhere.

D.Askillofcommunication.

问题3选项

A.talkaboutinterestingmatters.

B.holdthephonewhilewalking.

C.appearabsorbedinconversation.

D.behavepolitelytopeoplepassingby.

问题4选项

A.Onehastobecarefulwhilefakefoning.

B.Oneeffectivewayistofakefoneone’sdoctor.

C.Fakefoningmaynotdeceivepeople.

D.Fakefoingisalwaysquitesuccessful.

问题5选项

A.immediatelystartedtalkingtothecaller.

B.immediatelystartedtalkingtohiscolleague.

C.putthephoneawayandstoppedtalking.

D.continuedwithhisfakingconversation.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。本题要找出说法错误的选项，可采用排除法。文章第一句提到任何人在任何地方都可以使用手机服务，因此选项A“手机服务对人们来说很普遍”正确。B选项说fakefoning是一项新的手机服务，明显错误。而由文章第二段可知，这种方法在办公室非常有用，故C项正确。文章第一段第二句指出可能已经有相当多的人在用这种方法了，但作者才刚刚发现，故D项正确。因此本题正确答案应为B项。

2.推理判断。本题询问fakefoning的含义，这正是文章的主题。虽然原文没有给出fakefoning的确切定义，但通过原文内容推理可知，fakefoning就是假装接听手机的意思。而foning也假借了ph的发音，其含义其实就是phoning。由原文第四段和第五段可以看出，这种假装接电话的目的是colleagueavoidance，故B选项正确。其余选项均为对文中语句的混淆解释。

3.推理判断题。题干询问“为了让假接手机看起来更真实，作者认为应该怎么做”。由原文第四段最后一句可知，要根据你想要避开的人而改变谈论的主题和内容，因此不能只谈论有趣的话题，故A项错误。而“走路的时候拿着手机”显然也不能单纯地提高真实性，故B项错误。根据原文第七段可知，要专注接听电话，对路过的人只需用眼神交流一下，点点头，同时还要指指电话，表示在讲电话，只能以后再聊，但并不能推断出这种礼貌地回应能让假接手机看起来更真实，故D项错误。只有C项“装成投入到交谈中的样子（没有注意到旁人）”最真实，最符合题意。因此，本题正确答案为C选项。

4.推理判断题。题干询问文中最后一个例子的含义，其实也就是询问最后四段的主旨。这个例子是讲作者有一次在假装接电话时，正好有一个电话打进来，作者只好急中生智，装成手机出问题断线了，而自己还不知道后面又继续通话，可见假接电话也要多加小心，故A选项正确。在这个例子中，作者只是刚好假装在和医生通话，故B选项错误。C选项认为fakefoning可能欺骗不了别人，是片面的，作者就很巧妙地化解了尴尬局面，成功骗了同事。选项D说假装接电话总是成功的，根据最后这个例子来看这也未必，还是需要小心的。因此本题正确答案为A选项。

5.细节事实题。根据倒数第三段可知，当电活铃突然响起时，作者正好与同事四目相对，但是作者并未惊慌，只是很自然地说道：“这东西出什么毛病了?”同时拿开手机看了一下，然后重新放回耳边说到：“喂喂喂，还在吗?”由此可以看出，作者是对同事说了一句话，因此本题正确答案为B选项。

4.单选题

Theemployermust（

）thattheapplicationsfortheposthavetheproperqualifications.

问题1选项

A.justify

B.verify

C.warrant

D.perceive

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。justify“证明······是正当的；替······辩护”；verify“核实；查证”；warrant“保证；担保”；perceive“察觉，感觉”。句意：雇主必须核实针对该岗位的申请都有适合的资质。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

IntheOsagetribeofOklahoma,beadedbelts______whoheldahighsocialstatus.

问题1选项

A.onlybywomenwerefashioned

B.bywomenwerefashionedonly

C.werefashionedonlybywomen

D.werebywomenfashionedonly

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态的用法。一般来说被动句式中的主语后面应该紧跟发生的动词，即被怎么样了，然后才是发出动作的人、物，即被谁怎么样，所以在这个顺序中，只有C是符合的。句意：在俄克拉何马州的奥赛治族印第安部落里，镶嵌串珠的腰带只能由社会地位较高的女性来制作。因此，该题正确答案为C。

6.翻译题

世界都在关注北京奥运会后中国政治经济走向。我们可以明确地说，中国将继续坚定不移地走和平发展道路，继续坚持改革开放不动摇，继续贯彻独立自主的和平外交政策。这符合中国人民的根本利益，也符合世界人民的根本利益，顺应世界潮流。这次北京奥运会是在中国这样一个最大的发展中国家举行的。国际社会对中国政府和人民为此做出的努力给予了高度评价。奥运会的成功举办，使中国人民受到了极大的鼓舞，增强了实现现代化的信心和力量。

(参考词汇：remaincommitted;fundamentalinterests;inspire;confidence)

【答案】

NowthewholeworldwantstoknowinwhatdirectionChinaisheading,bothpoliticallyandeconomically,aftertheBeijingOlympicGames.LetmetellyouinunequivocaltermsthatChinawillremaincommittedtothepathofpeacefuldevelopment,unswervinglypursuereformandopening-up,andcontinuetoadheretoanindependentforeignpolicyofpeace.ThisisinthefundamentalinterestsoftheChinesepeopleandthepeopleofallothercountries.Itisalsoinkeepingwiththetrendoftheworld.ThejustconcludedOlympicGameswasheldinChina,thelargestdevelopingcountryintheworld.TheinternationalcommunityhashighlycommendedtheeffortsmadebytheChineseGovernmentandpeoplefortheGames.ThesuccessoftheOlympicGameshasgreatlyencouragedtheChinesepeopleandboostedtheirconfidenceandstrengthinrealizingmodernization.

7.单选题

ThemyththatUnitedStatesisnotopentoconcernsfromoutsidehasbeen______atastroke.

问题1选项

A.demolished

B.precluded

C.kindled

D.hampered

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项demolish“拆除，破坏，推翻，驳倒”，B项preclude“排除，妨碍，阻止”，C项kindle“点燃，着火，激起，照亮”，D项hamper“妨碍，束缚，使困累”。由myth“神话”和atastroke“一下子”可知，“推翻”符合语境。句意：美国不会对外开放的神话一下子就被推翻了。因此，该题选择A项正确。

8.问答题

Identityisabouthowwedefinewhoweare.Literally,bothidentityandtheselfmean“thesameas”.Inculturaltheoryidentityisusedtodescribetheconsciousnessofselffoundinthemodernindividual.Themodernselfisunderstoodtobeautonomousandself-critical.TheGermanphilosopherG.W.F.Hegelsawindividualism,therighttocriticismandautonomyofactionasthethreemaincharacteristicsofmodernsubjectivity.Thisself-reflexiveaspectofidentitymeansthat,inthemodernage,identityisunderstoodtobeaproject.Itisnotfixed.Theautobiographicalthinkingthatcharacterizesmodernidentitycreatesacoherentsenseofapastidentity,butthatidentityhastobesustainedinthepresentandremadeinthefuture.Theconstantremakingofidentityrevealsthatthesenseofselfistosomeextentanillusion,becausethemakingoftheselfrequiresaconstantinteractionwiththenot-selfornon-identity:theexternalworld.

InmodemWesternsocieties,certainidentitieshavebeenprivilegedoverothers.Menhavebeenprivilegedoverwomen.WhiteEuropeanshavebeenprivilegedovernon-whites.Certainmodesofsexualbehaviorhavedefinednormalagainstdeviantsexualidentities.“Identitypolitics”isthetermusedtodescribetheemergenceintothepoliticalarenaofidentitiesotherthanthoseofwhite,European,heterosexualmen.TheassertionofalternativeidentitieshasfollowedanumberofdifferentstrategieswhichJonathanDollimoredividesintofourtypesof“reversediscourses”:(1)theassertionofapositiveidentityasnormalandnaturalasthedominant“norm”;(2)theassertionofanegativeidentity,whichisabnormal,butcanbeexplainedandassimilatedbyrecoursetolegitimating(forexample,medicalorscientific)discourses;(3)theassertionofadifferentidentityasmorenaturalandnormalthanthedominantnorm;(4)thestrategyoftransgression,wheretheverycategoriesthatdefinewhatisnormalandabnormalaresubverted.Thefirstofthesefourcanbedescribedasessentialiststrategies.Theyassertoppositionalidentityasessentiallyunchangeable.Anexamplewouldbetheculturalmovementknownas“negritude”whichemergedattheendoftheFrenchEmpire.Oneofitsleadingproponents,LeopoldSenghorarguedthatAfricancultureis“moresensitivetotheexternalworld,tothematerialaspectofbeingsandthings”.However,theresultofsuchstrategiesisoftenanti-essentialist.AnassertiveAfricanculturewillinfactchangethenatureofbothAfricanandEuropeanidentities.Thefourthreversediscourseisexplicitlyanti-essentialist.Identityisunderstoodtobeperformative,notbasedonanyessentialcharacteristics,butratherisaperformancebasedonculturalexpectations.Dollimore’sexampleofananti-essentialistidentityisOscarWilde,whofamouslyarguedfortheprimacyofcultureinhisstatementthat“lifeimitatesart”.

Oneofthemostinterestingdevelopmentsinidentitypoliticsemergingfromthisinsighthasbeenqueerpolitics.Thishasdevelopedfromlesbianandgaypolitics;butqueerpoliticsresiststhedivisionofsexualityintoabinaryoppositionofessentialisthomosexualorheterosexualidentities.Instead,JudithButlerarguesthatidentitiesaretheproductsofthediscoursesthatdefinesexuality.Weperformmasculinityorfemininity,homosexualityorheterosexualityaccordingtoascriptalreadywrittenastheculturalconventionsofoursociety.Inthisview,identitiesareculturalconstructionsratherthanpre-set.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whydoestheauthorsaythat“inthemodernage,identityisunderstoodtobeaproject”inParagraph1?

3.Inwhoseinterestsistheterm“identitypolitics”putforwardinParagraph2?

4.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofOscarWildeinParagraph2?

5.Whatistheauthorlikelytotalkaboutinthefollowingparagraph?

【答案】1.Thepassageisabout(thedefinitionof)identity.

2.Becausethepastidentityhastobesustainedinthepresentandremadeinthefuture.

3.PeoplewhoarenotprivilegedinmodernWesternsociety.

4.Becausehearguedfortheprimacyofcultureinhisstatement,whichsubvertedtheverycategoriesthatdefinewhatisnormalandabnormal.

5.Thefollowingparagraphwilldiscusstheinfluencesonidentitiesthatsocialculturebrings.

9.单选题

Youngdriversunder25have

thehighestnumberofaccidentswhilethoseover50have（）.

问题1选项

A.theless

B.theleast

C.thefewer

D.thefewest

【答案】B

【解析】根据前面的thehighestnumber可知填空处也应该填入最高级,

首先排除选项A和C。填空处选项实际上省略了number这个词,

如果是few的话,

后面应该是接numbers,

所以选项B正确。句意：25岁以下的年轻司机出事几率最高,而50岁以上的老司机出事几率则最低。

10.单选题

Jackisgood,kind,hard-workingandintelligent.（

）,Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.

问题1选项

A.Asaresult

B.Bytheway

C.Inaword

D.Onthecontrary

【答案】C

【解析】asaresult作为结果；bytheway顺便说；inaword总之，简言之；onthecontrary正相反。句意：杰克善良、勤奋、聪明。总之，我对他评价再高也不过分。选项C符合句意。

11.单选题

Ahealthyandbetter-educatednewgenerationisa（

）forsustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopmentofallcountries.

问题1选项

A.guarantee

B.security

C.demand

D.target

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。guarantee保障，担保；security安全；demand需求；target目标。

句意：身体健康、受到良好教育的新一代是所有国家经济和社会可持续发展的保障。选项A符合句意。

12.单选题

Blockedvesselshaveseveral（

）symptoms:chestpain,shortnessofbreath,andanabnormalcardiacstresstest.

问题1选项

A.classic

B.concise

C.original

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.classic典型的；经典的B.concise简明的

C.original原来的；首创的；新颖的D.obscure偏僻的；阴暗的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】阻塞的血管有许多……症状：胸痛，气促，心脏应激性骤停。根据句意，应该是首发的症状，C选项original“原来的；首创的；新颖的”可引申为首发的意思。因此选C。

【干扰项排除】

A选项classic典型的；经典的，多用来指著作、理论等是经典的、典型的，所以排除；

B选项concise简明的，多指简洁明了，不用来形容病症；

D选项obscure偏僻的；阴暗的，不符合句意。

【句意】阻塞的血管有很多首发症状：胸痛，气促，心脏应激性骤停。

13.单选题

Hehadscarcelylefttherailwaystation_______itstartedtorain.

问题1选项

A.than

B.then

C.when

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】scarcelywhen为固定用法,表示"一...就..."。句意：他一离开火车站就开始下起了雨。选项C正确。

14.单选题

Althoughmany（modifications）havebeenmadeinit,thegameknownintheUnitedStatesasfootballcanbetraceddirectlytotheEnglishgameofrugby.

问题1选项

A.rules

B.changes

C.demands

D.leagues

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。modification表示“修改，修正”；A项rule“规则，建议，统治”，B项change“变化，改变，替代物”，C项demand“（坚决的或困难的）要求，（顾客的）需求”，D项league“联盟，社团，范畴”。句意：尽管对其进行了许多修改，但在美国被称为足球的比赛可以直接追溯到英国的橄榄球比赛。根据句意可知，B项符合语境。因此，该题选择B项正确。

15.单选题

The（

）preventsthepeopleinthetwoneighboringnationsfromlivinginpeace.

问题1选项

A.brevity

B.amenity

C.enmity

D.fidelity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。brevity“简洁”；amenity“舒适，愉悦”；enmity“敌意，憎恨”；fidelity“忠诚”。题干中提到有一种东西会阻止两邻国友好相处，这种东西很明显是enmity，选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

The（）betweenthetwoplayingperiodsofafootballgameisonlyafewminutes.

问题1选项

A.internal

B.reserve

C.interval

D.radium

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项internal“内部”；B选项reserve“预备，储存”；C选项interval“间隔，间距”；D选项radium“镭”。句意：足球比赛两场比赛之间的间隔只有几分钟。选项C符合语境。

17.单选题

The______cycleoflifeanddeathisasubjectofinteresttoscientistsandphilosophersalike.

问题1选项

A.incompatible

B.exceeding

C.instantaneous

D.eternal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项incompatible“不相容的，不兼容的”，B项exceeding“非常的”，C项instantaneous“瞬间的”，D项eternal“永恒的”。根据句子可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词修饰关键词cycleoflifeanddeath“生死循环”，把四个选项分别代入，只有D项符合语境。句意：生与死的永恒循环是科学家和哲学家都感兴趣的话题。因此，该题选择D项正确。

18.单选题

Youmay（

）earlyasyouhavetocatchanearlytraintomorrow.

问题1选项

A.remain

B.reverse

C.retreat

D.retire

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。remain意为“保留”；reverse意为“颠倒，翻转”；retreat意为“撤退，离开”；retire意为“退休”。

句意：你可能要早点离开了，因为你明早还要去赶火车。

19.单选题

Tosurvive,psychologicallyaswellasphysically,humanbeingmustinhabitaworldthatisrelativelyfreeofambiguityandreasonablypredictable.Somesortofstructuremustbeplacedupontheendlessprofusionofincomingsignals.Theinfant,bornintoaworldofflashing,hissing,movingimages,soonlearnstoadaptbyresolvingthischaosintotoysandtables,dogsandparents.Evenadultswhohavehadtheirvisionorhearingrestoredthroughsurgerydescribetheworldasafrighteningandsometimesunbearableexperience;onlyafterdaysofeffortaretheyabletotransformblurandnoiseintomeaningfulandthereforemanageableexperiences.

Itiscommonplacetotalkasiftheworld"has"meaning,toaskwhat"is"themeaningofaphrase,agesture,apainting,acontract.Yetwhenthoughtabout,itisclearthateventsaredevoidofmeaninguntilsomeoneassignsittothem.Thereisnoappropriateresponsetoaboworahandshake,ashoutorawhisper,untilitisinterpreted.Adropofwaterandthecolorredhavenomeaning,theysimplyexist.Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.

Peopleareneverpassivereceivers,merelyabsorbingeventsofobvioussignificance,butareactiveinassigningmeaningtosensation.Whatanyeventacquiredinthewayofmeaningappearstoreflectatransactionbetweenwhatistheretobeseenorheard,andwhattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.

Thediversityofreactionsthatcanbetriggeredbyasingleexperience-meetingastranger,negotiatingacontract,attendingatextileconferenceisimmense.Eachobserverisforcedtoseeitthroughhisowneyes,interpretitinthelightofhisownvalues,fitittotherequirementsofhisowncircumstances.Asaconsequence,everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.EachwillacceptsonicrelationsamongthefactsanddenyothersEachwillarriveatsomeconclusion,tentativeorcertain,asthesoundsandformsresolveintoa"temple"or"barn",a"compliment"or"insult".

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（

）.

2.Inordertoassignmeaningtoanythingintheworld,oneneedsto

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.theworldisbewilderingtotheinfantandtotheadultalike.

B.surgerywillrestoreameaningfulworldtothosewhoundertakeit

C.anyresponsetotheworldwouldbeimpossibleifmeaningwerenotfirstassignedtoit

D.theworldwillbedevoidofmeaningifpeoplefailtounderstandthespecialincomingsignals

问题2选项

A.haveafullknowledgeofthestructureoftheworld

B.transformtheincomingsignals,withthehelpofpreviousexperiences,sothattheycanserveone'sownpurpose

C.differentiateincomingsignalsthatareofsignificanceandthosethatarenot

D.beendowedwithcreativeness

问题3选项

A.Onlyvisualimagescanbeassignedmeaning

B.Incomingsignalsexistforthepurposeofconveyingmeaningtopeople

C.Anindividualmighthavetoadapthimselftothediversifiedexperienceinthisworld

D.Peoplemayhavedifferentresponsestothesameincomingsignal.

问题4选项

A.illustratethedifferentperspectivespeoplemaytakeininterpretinganexperience

B.showthatmeaningisbutasubjectivematter

C.demonstratehowwecanassignmeaningtotheworld

D.arguethatoneneedstohavesomeinsighttounderstandtheworld

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由第二段最后一句“Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.人类感知的目的是使世界变得可理解，以便成功地管理世界;意义的归属是行动的前提和准备。”可知C项“如果世界没有提前被赋予具体意义，那么对于世界的任何反应都是不可能的”正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由第三段可知“whattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.这是解释者根据过去的经验和普遍的动机而得出的结论。因此，意义的归属始终是一个创造性的过程，通过这个过程，原始的感觉被转化为符合观察者的目标。”答案B

第3题:细节事实题。由第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.每个观察者从不同的角度来看待每一个对象和信息。每个人都会注意到一些特征而忽略其他的。”可知D项正确，答案D

第4题:主旨大意题。文章第一段就提到，世界必须被赋予具体的意义。以及第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.人们看待事物的视角和观点不同，那么赋予事物的含义也会不同。”可知整篇文章作者的写作目的是表明事物的含义都是人赋予的，是主观的东西。答案B

20.单选题

Withoutfacts,wecannotformaworthwhileopinionforweneedtohavefactualknowledge___ourthinking.

问题1选项

A.whichtobebasedon

B.whichtobaseupon

C.uponwhichtobase

D.towhichtobebased

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词不定式短语作定语。分析句子结构可知wecan’tformaworthwhileopinion是主句，forweneedtohavefactualknowledge___ourthinking是原因状语从句，在这个从句中___ourthinking是knowledge的定语，展开后半截应该是tobaseourthinkinguponfactualknowledge，是主句中的we主动的发出base这个动作，所以不能使用被动语态，排除A，D选项；动词不定式短语作定语时要加上which完善结构（但是并非从句）且和base这个动作搭配的介词upon需要放在which之前，排除B选项。句意：没有事实，我们就不能形成有价值的观点，因为我们需要事实知识来作为我们思考的基础。因此C选项正确。

21.单选题

Thismorningwhenshewaswalkinginthestreet,ablackcar（）besideher.

问题1选项

A.drewout

B.drewoff

C.drewdown

D.drewup

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。drawout“取出，拟定，拉长”；drawoff“撤退，转移”；drawdown“引来，招致”；drawup“草拟，停住”。句意：这个早上当她正走在街上的时候，一辆黑色的汽车停在她旁边。选项D符合题意。

22.单选题

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence（

）

abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelin9years.

问题1选项

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析和上下文语义。soared飙升；mutated突变，变异；plummeted骤然下跌；fluctuated波动。根据下句“lowestlevelin9years”可推测，这里指下跌，所以选项C符合语境。

23.单选题

Thegoals（）hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.

问题1选项

A.afterwhich

B.withwhich

C.forwhich

D.atwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。这是一个介词+代词引导的定语从句，fought的原型的fight，和不同的介词搭配，fightafter“在……之后战斗”；fightwith“与……一起战斗”；fightfor“为……而战，而奋斗”。句意：他为之奋斗终生的目标对他不再重要了。forwhichhehadfought做goals的定语，将fightfor搭配中的for放在which之前。因此，本题的正确答案是C选项。

24.单选题

（

）thecaraccident,theywouldhavearrivedearlier.

问题1选项

A.Exceptfor

B.Butfor

C.Besides

D.Savefor

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词辨析。exceptfor除了……以外；butfor要不是……；besides此外，而且；savefor保存为，除……之外。句意：要不是那场车祸，他们可能早就到了。由下文theywouldhavearrivedearlier可知该句表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟。butfor+n/pron，用于虚拟语气。故答案B

25.单选题

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithailthatisimportantinlife?

Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold——iftheyarepreparedtoadmititcouldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?

1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?

2.Whatdotheyoungrejectmost?

3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?

4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?

问题1选项

A.Bettereducated.

B.Moremoneyandfreedom.

C.Independence.

D.Hardwork.

问题2选项

A.Values

B.Theassumptionoftheciders.

C.Conformity

D.Conventionalideas.

问题3选项

A.Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.

B.Theydislikethepast.

C.Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.

D.Theyareafraidofdestruction.

问题4选项

A.Enjoymentisnotsinful.

B.Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.

C.Menmightenjoylife.

D.Oneshouldenjoyone’swork

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项不是文章提到的关于年轻人的特征”。文章第一段提到“年轻人受了良好的教育。他们花钱享受自由。他们很快成长并且不依赖父母。”（Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents），由此可以得知只有选项D“努力工作”没有提及到，符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“年轻人最反感的是什么”。文章第二段提到“他们怀疑上一代人的设想，并且打破了他们的满足状态”（Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency），第二段后面的那几个问句都体现出了年轻一代不再固守成规，不愿意像上一代人一样，选项C“一致性”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“为什么年轻人强调现在”。文章最后一段提到“对现在的重视是意料之中的，因为年轻人是在炸弹的阴影下长大，且经受着被彻底毁灭的威胁”（Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation），选项A符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“老一辈能从年轻一辈那里学到什么”。文章最后一段提到如果老一辈愿意学习年轻一辈的话，最重要的一课便是享受并不是罪过（Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”），选项A符合题意。

26.单选题

Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranis（1）tosayitanyway.Heisthat

（2）

bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently

（3）

anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnot

（4）thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.

Evenhe,however,mighttrembleatthe

（5）

ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly

（6）

thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin

（7）

areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.

ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,scoring12-15pointsabovethe

（8）

valueof100,andhavecontributeddisproportionatelytotheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe

（9）

oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,affirmtheyalsosuffermoreoft