考研考博-英语-山东传媒职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东传媒职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

（）revealedthesecret?

问题1选项

A.Whowasitthat

B.Whowasitwho

C.Itwaswhothat

D.Itwaswhomthat

【答案】A

【解析】考查强调句。itis+被强调部分+that为强调句型。该句强调部分在句中做主语，故用who，该句为疑问句，故A项正确。

2.单选题

ForyearsshehadreadTheWallStreetJournaleverymorninginhopesoffindingprescientwarningsaboutfuturecrashes,crises,andcatastrophes.

问题1选项

A.predictive

B.omniscient

C.unconscionable

D.conscientious

【答案】A

【解析】划线词修饰的warningsaboutfuturecrashes,crisis,andcatastrophes，对于未发生事件的警告信息应表示“预知的，预测的”。A选项predictive“预言性的”符合题意。B选项omniscient“全知的，无所不知的”；C选项unconscionable“不合理的；昧着良心的”；D选项conscientious“认真的；本着良心的”。

3.单选题

From1947to1950abstractexpressionscametofullmaturity,and（

）the1950sthisstyledominatedtheNewYorkCityartscene.

问题1选项

A.thereby

B.when

C.during

D.whereas

【答案】C

【解析】副词辨析。thereby“从而，因此”；when“当的时候”；during“在期间”；whereas“然而，鉴于”。句意：从1947年到1950年抽象表达完全成熟，在20世纪50年代期间，这种风格在纽约市的艺术舞台中占据主导地位。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Manypeoplenowadayssavemoneyto（）.

问题1选项

A.cater

B.supply

C.provide

D.equip

【答案】C

【解析】句意:如今很多人攒钱为自己的老年做准备。

考查动词辨析。caterfor迎合，供应伙食；为…提供所需;supplyfor为…提供；providefor供给，规定，为…做准备；equipfor为…装备，提供。因此C符合句意。

5.单选题

Theunrulycrowdbecameevenmore____whenthenegotiatortriedtoquietthem.

问题1选项

A.boisterous

B.bombastic

C.boorish

D.bloated

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.boisterous喧闹的B.bombastic浮夸的

C.boorish粗俗的D.bloated肿胀的

【答案】A

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】该句主语为“没有规矩的人群”，空格处所填词受more“更加”修饰，指“不守规矩的人群更加____”。根据后文“当谈判代表试图让他们安静下来（quietthem）时”可知，人群很吵闹，因此，人群应该是变得更加“吵闹”，A选项boisterous“喧闹的”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】当谈判代表试图让这群不守规矩的人安静下来时，他们变得更喧闹了。

6.填空题

ConcernsaboutresearchethicswerefurtherheightedbyaresearchprojectcalledtheTuskegeeStudy,

sponsoredbytheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServicetoassesstheclinicalcourseofsyphilis.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Aheighted改为heightened

【解析】【考查点】被动语态。

【解题思路】此句为被动语态，指的是人们对研究伦理的担忧进一步被加剧，应该用heighten的过去分词heightened。

【句意】一个名为“塔斯基吉研究”的研究项目进一步加剧了人们对研究伦理的担忧，该研究项目由美国公共卫生局资助，旨在评估梅毒的临床病程。

7.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingbland.Ifyouaddaword,putoninsertionmark(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)intheblank.(10%)

Example:

When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,

(1)an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs

(2)∕never

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum

wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.

(3)exhibit

Thetwinsoccuraboutonceineighty-sevenhumanbirths.

Alittlemorethanonequarteroftheseisidenticaltwins,

36.______

whichdevelopsfromtheequaldivisionofafertilizedegg.

37.______

Identicaltwinsarealwaysthesamesexandhavethesame

bloodgroupandeyecolor.Ifonehasagiftofmusic,itis

38.______

notsurprisingifotherdoestoo.However,ifoneisleft-handed,

39.______

theothermayberight-handed.Ifthehairofonegrows

clockwisefromthecrown,theother’shairmaygrow

counterclockwise.Fraternaltwinsdevelopfromtwoseparate

eggsthatwerefertilizedatthesametime.Theycanbeof

40.______

differentsexesandoftenlooknomuchalikethanother

41.______

membersofthesamefamily.Themorebabiesperbirth,

thelessfrequentlysuchbirthsoccur.Tripletsoccurabout

onein7569births,butsextuplets—multiplebirthsoffive—

42.______

occuroneinaboutfivemillionbirths.Multiplebirths

arecommonamonglowanimals,butidenticaloffspring

43.______

israre,exceptforonespeciesofarmadillo.Thefemale

44.______

armadilloalwaysgivesbirthuptoquadruplets.

45.______

【答案】36.is→are

37.develops→develop

38.of→for

39.∧other→the

40.were→are

41.much→more

42.five→six

43.low→lower

44.is→are

45.up→∕

【解析】36.由主语onequarterofthese（四分之一的双胞胎）可知，此处是分数引导的短语做主语，其谓语动词的数需要根据分数后面的名词来决定，此处的these是复数，因此be动词要用复数are，故改is为are正确。

37.定语从句中的关系代词which指的是identicaltwins（同卵双胞胎），所以从句中的动词要用复数形式，故改develops为develop正确。

38.gift表示“天赋”，一般与for搭配，故把of改为for正确。

39.这一句是说“如果双胞胎的其中一个有音乐天赋，那么另外一个有音乐天赋并不奇怪”，表示两者中的其中一个要用theother，表示特指；other单独使用表示“其他的”，为形容词。故在other前面添加定冠词the正确。

40.这一句的意思是“异卵双胞胎是由两个受精卵同时发育而成的”，为客观陈述，应该用一般现在时，所以that定语从句中的were要改为are。

41.由than可知，nomorethan为固定用法，表示“不比……更”，故改much为more正确。

42.破折号的内容是解释sextuplets（六胞胎）一词，而破折号说的是multiplebirthsoffive（5个胎儿的多胞胎），这明显与sextuplets不符，故改five为six正确。

43.这一句是说“多胞胎在低等生物中很常见”，而low表示“低的”，低级生物要用loweranimal表示，所以改low为lower正确。

44.offspring是复数名词，be动词应该用are，故改is为are正确。

45.表示“生产”应该是givebirthto，这里的up是多余的，所以把up去掉正确。

8.单选题

Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetooldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsand,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Someotherresearcherswhostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparksingrade-schoolchildrensuggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Iftheyknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEsenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Esenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefallinggrades.

Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomics,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.

1.Psychologistsaredividedwithregardtotheirattitudestoward（）.

2.Whatistheviewheldbymanyeducatorsconcerningexternalrewardsforstudents?

3.Accordingtotheresultofthestudymentionedinthepassage,whatshouldeducatorsdotostimulatemotivationandcreativity?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmajoruniversitiesaretryingtotightentheirgradingstandardsbecausetheybelieve（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingfactsabout“tokeneconomics”isNOTcorrect?

问题1选项

A.thechoicebetweenspiritualencouragementandmonetaryrewards

B.theappropriateamountofexternalrewards

C.thestudyofrelationshipbetweenactions

D.theeffectsofexternalrewardsonstudents’performance

问题2选项

A.Theyapproveofexternalrewards

B.Theydon'tthinkexternalrewards

C.Theyhavedoubtsaboutexternalrewards

D.Theybelieveexternalrewardscanmotivatesmallchildren,butnotcollegestudents

问题3选项

A.Giverewardsforperformanceswhichdeservethem

B.Alwayspromiserewards

C.Assigntaskswhicharenotverychallenging

D.Bemoretoleranttostudentswhenmistakesaremade

问题4选项

A.rewardingpoorperformancemaykillstudents'creativity

B.punishmentismoreeffectivethanrewarding

C.failinguninspiredstudentshelpsimprovetheiroverallacademicstandards

D.discouragingthestudents’anticipationforeasyrewardsismatterofurgency

问题5选项

A.Studentsareassignedchallengingtasks

B.Rewardsaregivenforgoodperformances

C.Studentsareevaluatedaccordingtotheefforttheyputintothetask

D.Withtokeneconomics,students，creativitycanbeenhanced

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsand,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Someotherresearcherswhostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.研究行为和行为之间关系的行为主义者认为，奖励可以提高工作和学习表现。其他一些研究精神生活各个方面的研究人员认为，这些奖励会鼓励人们依赖他人的认可和礼物，从而破坏创造力。”可知研究者对于奖励是否能提高工作和学习表现持相反意见。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段“Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.后一种观点得到了许多人的支持，尤其是教育工作者。”后一种观点即第一段提到的反对观点。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段“Iftheyknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEsenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”如果他们知道自己是为了奖励而工作，并且能够专注于一项相对具有挑战性的任务，他们就会表现出最大的创造力，”特拉华大学纽瓦克分校的RobertEsenberger说。但如果对表现不佳的学生进行奖励，或者让学生对奖励有太多的预期，就很容易扼杀创造力。可知C项正确。

4.细节事实题。由倒数第二段“Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Esenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefallinggrades.Esenberger认为，如果一个老师不断地把注意力放在奖励上，或者对一般的成绩给予高分，那么他最终只能培养出缺乏灵感的学生。作为后一种观点的例证，他指出，主要大学正在努力加强评分标准，恢复下降的成绩。”可知A项正确。

5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomics,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.这位特拉华大学的心理学家称，在较早的年级，所谓的代币经济学（tokeneconomics）的使用显示出提高努力程度和创造力的潜力。代币经济学指的是让学生处理具有挑战性的问题，并根据表现获得分数，从而获得有价值的奖励。可知B项“对好的表现给予奖励”不正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

9.单选题

Wewouldcontactyournearestrelative（）anyaccidentoccurring.

问题1选项

A.onaccountof

B.inspiteof

C.intheeventof

D.inplaceof

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项onaccountof“由于；因为”；B选项inspiteof“尽管；不管”；C选项intheeventof“万一；倘若”；D选项inplaceof“代替”。句意：……任何意外发生，我们会与您最近的亲人联络。根据句意可知，空中应填入一个表示假设的短语，因此选项C正确。

10.单选题

Generallyspeaking,thegovernmentplaysaveryimportantrole（）solvingproblemssuchasinflation,unemployment,andpoverty.

问题1选项

A.in

B.at

C.for

D.of

【答案】A

【解析】考查语法。playaroleindoingsth在…中扮演角色。故A项正确。句意：一般而言，政府在解决诸如通货膨胀、失业和贫穷等问题上扮演重要角色。

11.单选题

6.

问题1选项

A.2.6

B.3.5

C.3.9

D.136

【答案】D

【解析】W:Hello,Eric,whatcanIdoforyou?

M:Iwaswonderingifyouhadtheresults.

W:Oh,yes,theresults.We’vegotthem.

M:Great.

W:Herewego.Urea(尿素)2.6,Sodium(钠)136,andPotassium(钾)3.9.

M:3.5.

W:No,that’s3.9

Q:Whatistheman’ssodiumlevel?

【解析】细节题。女士说：Sodium（钠）136，故选D。

12.单选题

Manytouristswere（）bythecity’scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

问题1选项

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。degrade“使降低，使堕落，”；bewilder“迷惑；把…弄糊涂，”；evoke意为“唤起，引起，”；divert意为“转移，分散。”句意：这个城市复杂的交通把许多游客搞得晕头转向。B项符合题意。

13.单选题

Itwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic.

WhentheGermancruiseshipWilhelmGustoffwashitbytorpedoesfiredfromaRussiansubmarineinthefinalwinterofWorldWarII,morethan10,000people-mostlywomen,childrenandoldpeoplefleeingthefinalRedArmypushintoNaziGermany-werepackedaboard.Anicestormhadturnedthedecksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintotheseaastheshiptiltedandbegantogodown.Othersdesperatelytriedtoputlifeboatsdown.Somewhosucceededfoughtoffthoseinthewaterwhohadthestrengthtotrytoclawtheirwayaboard.Mostpeoplefrozeimmediately.I’llneverforgetthescreams,saysChristaNtitzmann,87,oneofthe1,200survivors.Sherecallswatchingtheship,brightlylit,slippingintoitsdarkgrave-andintoseemingnothingness,rarelymentionedformorethanhalfacentury.

NowGermany’sNobelPrize-winningauthorGunterGrasshasrevivedthememoryofthe9,000dead,includingmorethan4,000children-withhislatestnovelCrabWalk,publishedlastmonth.Thebook,whichwillbeoutinEnglishnextyear,doesn’tdwellonthesinking;itsheroineisapregnantyoungwomanwhosurvivesthecatastropheonlytosaylater:“Nobodywantedtohearaboutit,nothereintheWest(ofGermany)andnotatallintheEast.”Thereasonwasobvious.AsGrassputitinarecentinterviewwiththeweeklyDieWoche:“BecausethecrimesweGermansareresponsibleforwereandaresodominant,wedidn’thavetheenergylefttotellofourownsufferings.”

ThelongsilenceaboutthesinkingoftheWilhelmGustoffwasprobablyunavoidable-andnecessary.Byunreservedlyowninguptotheircountry’smonstrouscrimesintheSecondWorld

War,Germanshavemanagedtowinacceptanceabroad,marginalizetheneo-Nazisathomeandmakepeacewiththeirneighbors.Today’sunifiedGermanyismoreprosperousandstablethanatanytimeinitslong,troubledhistory.Forthat,ahalfcenturyofwillfulforgettingaboutpainfulmemoriesliketheGermanTitanicwasperhapsareasonablepricetopay.ButeventhemostpoliticallycorrectGermansbelievethatthey’venowearnedtherighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord.NottoequateGermansufferingwiththatofitsvictims,butsimplytoacknowledgeaterribletragedy.

1.WhydoestheauthorsaythesinkingoftheWilhelmGustoffwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory?

2.Hundredsoffamiliesdroppedintotheseawhen（

）.

3.TheWilhelmGustofftragedywaslittletalkedaboutformorethanhalfacenturybecauseGermans

（

）.

4.HowdoesGunterGrassrevivethememoryoftheWilhelmGustofftragedy?

5.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatGermansnolongerthinktha

（

）.

问题1选项

A.ItwasattackedbyRussiantorpedoes

B.Itcausedthelargestnumberofcausalities

C.Mostofitspassengerswerefrozentodeath

D.Itsvictimsweremostlywomenandchildren

问题2选项

A.thebadlydamagedshipleanedtowardoneside

B.astrongicestormtiltedtheship

C.thecruiseshipsankallofasudden

D.thefrightenedpassengersfoughtdesperatelyforlifeboats

问题3选项

A.wereeagertowininternationalacceptance

B.hadbeenpressuredtokeepsilentaboutit

C.wereafraidofoffendingtheirneighbors

D.feltguiltyfortheircrimesinWorldWarII

问题4选项

A.Bydescribingtheship’ssinkingingreatdetail

B.BygivinganinterviewtotheweeklyDieWoche

C.Bypresentingthehorriblesceneofthetorpedoattack

D.Bydepictingthesurvivalofayoungpregnantwoman

问题5选项

A.theWilhelmGustofftragedyisareasonablepricetopayforthenationspastmisdeeds

B.GermanyisresponsibleforthehorriblecrimesitcommittedinWorldWarII

C.theywillbemisunderstoodiftheytalkabouttheWilhelmGustoffWarII

D.itiswrongtoequatetheirsufferingwiththoseofothercountries

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问为什么威廉•古斯特洛夫号的沉没被认为是航海史上最大的惨剧。根据题干关键词worsttragedyinmaritimehistory定位至第一段:itwastheworsttragedyinmaritimehistory,sixtimesmoredeadlythantheTitanic(这是航海史上最大的惨剧,它的死亡人数为泰坦尼克号沉没时的死亡人数的六倍)。故选B“造成的死亡人数最多”。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Anicestormhadturnedthedecksintofrozensheetsthatsenthundredsoffamiliesslidingintotheseaastheshiptiltedandbegantogodown(一场冰暴把甲板冻成了冰盖，船倾斜并开始下沉时，数百个家庭掉入大海)。因此选A“严重破损的船倾向一边”。

3.判断推理题。第三段表明了原文:BecausethecrimesweGermansareresponsibleforwereandaresodominant(我们德国人负主要责任),由此看出德国人是内疚的,故选D“为自己二战中的罪行感到内疚”。

4.细节事实题。第三段指出:doesn'tdwellonthesinking;itsheroineisapregnantyoungwomanwhosurvivesthecatastrophe...(并不是把他作品的重点放在船的沉没细节中，而是从侧而描述了一个年轻孕妇如何在这个灾难中生存下来),故选D。

5.判断推理题。文中倒数第二句指出:…Germansbelievethatthey'renowearnedrighttodiscussthefullhistoricalrecord(德国人认为他们现在有权讨论完整的历史记录),由此可知,德国人并没有认为逃脱责任,题干问的是德国人不再认为…？排除A“威廉•古斯特的悲剧是为国家过去的错误行为付出的合理代价”和B“德国对其在第二次世界大战中犯下的可怕罪行负责”,D项文中并未提及,C指出如果德国人谈到威廉•古斯特洛夫号的沉没时,他们不再被人们误解,因为他们现在有权利来正对历史了。C正确。

14.单选题

Foruntoldcenturiesmandependedalmostentirelyonhishuntingabilitytoobtainfood.Fromsunrisetosundown,armedwithclubsandspears,andaidedbytrainedwilddogs,hesearchedforgame—hisforemostsourceoffoodwithhisprimitiveweapons,thelargestandswiftestanimalsofteneludedhim,andthehunterandhisfamilyfrequentlywentfordayswithoutmeat.

Whilethemenwerehuntinggame,thewomenandchildrensearchedforediblevegetation.Fromnearbyplantsandtreestheygatheredberries,nuts,grain,androots.Thesemeagerstaplesstayedthepainofhungerwhenthehuntersreturnedemptyhanded.Whenthesuppliesofgameandplantsinanareawereexhausted,theentiretribewasforcedtomoveontoanewandhopefullybetterregion.Thusmanledanomadicexistence.Hecouldneversettleinoneplaceforlongbecausehisgrowingpopulationoutstrippedtheavailablesupplyoffoodinthearea.

Thenmanmadeoneofhisgreatestdiscoveries—agriculture.Thisrevelationofraisingplantsanddomesticatinganimalswasoneofthemajorstepsincivilization.Agriculturedidnotbyitselfcreatecivilization,butwithoutitmancouldnothavesettledinoneplacelongenoughtobuildapermanenthome.Anthropologistsareuncertainaboutwhenorhowmanfirstlearnedtofarm.Theysuggestitmayhaveresultedfromcasualobservation.Atribeormanytribesoverawideareamighthavestayedinoneplacelongenoughtoseeatruebearfruitformorethanoneseason.Theymayalsohaveobservedthatyoungplantsgrewoutofgroundtoproducefoodastheymatured.

Or,asoneanthropologistsuggests,ahandfulofwildgroinmayhavethrownontotheground,andlatertheseedsgrewintonewplants.Regardlessoftheexactcircumstances,mandideventuallyrecognizethathecouldhaveadependablesourceoffoodifheplantedseedsandlaterharvestedhiscrop.

Aftermanlearnedthathecouldgrowfood,thenextstepwasmasteringcropcultivation.Theearlyfarmerrealizedthathecouldgrowmorefoodiftheseedswerecoveredwithbrokenground.Thisinsightledtothemakingofthefirstfarmequipment-sticksshapedintospadesandhoes.Fromexaminationoftheremainsoftheearliestknownfarmingtools,archaeologistshavedeterminedthatthisoccurredaboutseventhousandyearsago.TheseimplementswerefoundintheareaknownastheFertileCrescent,whichliesbetweentheeastcoastoftheMediterraneanSeaandPersianGulf.Evidencealsoindicatesthatthefarmersofthisarea—possiblythefirstintheworld—cultivatedlargewheatcrops.Totendthesecrops,thehoeandspadesweretransformedintoplows.

Aboutthesametimeasthegrowingofthefirstcrops,man,relyingontheexperiencehehadgainedintrainingwilddogstoaidinhunting,begandomesticatingotheranimals.Overtheyears,hedevelopedherdsofanimalsforfoodandtoaidinhiswork.

Withthecultivationofcropsandthedomestication,ofanimals,manhadafairlydependableandpermanentfoodsupply.Thisaccomplishmentallowedhimtimeforotherwork.Insteadofspendingmostofhiswakinghourshuntingforfood,hewasabletoestablishvillages,andhehadleisuretimetopondernewideasandkeeprecordsofeventsinhislife.Withthediscoveryofagriculture,manceasedhisanimal-likeexistenceandbegantobuildthefoundationforcivilization.

1.Theword"elude"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.

2.Whatisthesignificanceofraisingplantsanddomesticatinganimals?

3.Fromthispassagewecanconcludethat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,withthediscoveryofagriculture（）.

5.Duringtheperiodinwhichmanwashuntingforanimalsforfood,mancouldneverliveinoneplacepermanentlybecause（）.

6.Withregardtowhenandhowmanfirstlearnedtofarm,thepassage（）.

7.Manstoppedhisanimal-likelivingafterhe（）..

问题1选项

A.abandon

B.desert

C.escape

D.mummify

问题2选项

A.Mendidn'thavetoleadanomadiclife.

B.Theydidn'thavetosearchforediblevegetation.

C.Thelargestandswiftestanimalscouldn'teludethemanymore.

D.Thisindicatesthatmenenteredthecivilizedsociety.

问题3选项

A.menmasteredcultivationmethodfromtheirexperiences

B.theylearnedhowtochaseanimalsfromwatchingthemrun

C.mensearchedforgamewithprimitiveweapons

D.sometimestheywereaidedbysometrainedwilddogs

问题4选项

A.menspentmostoftheirtimehuntingforfood

B.civilizationbegan

C.theearlyfarmermadethefirstfarmequipment

D.menbegandomesticatingotheranimals

问题5选项

A.helivedanomadiclife

B.thepopulationgrewsoquickly

C.thefoodsupplieswereexhausted

D.theanimalsoftenescapedhishunting

问题6选项

A.explainsindetails

B.providessomeguesses

C.doesn'tmentionitatall

D.offerssureanswersbyanthropologists

问题7选项

A.stoppedhuntinganimals

B.learnedtomaketoolsforhunting

C.traineddogstoaidinhunting

D.discoveredagriculture

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

【解析】1.根据下文“thehunterandhisfamilyfrequentlywentfordayswithoutmeat.”猎人和他的家人经常几天吃不到肉,说明这些动物都躲着猎人,所以“eluded”指的是躲避,逃避；选项C正确。

2.根据第三段的内容可知,饲养植物和驯养动物的启示是人类文明的重要步骤之一,并没有说明人类进入了文明社会,所以选项D不正确；农业本身并没有创造文明,但是如果没有农业,人类不可能在一个地方定居足够长的时间来建立一个永久的家园。也就是说,有了农业,人不必再过游牧生活。选项A正确。

3.根据原文可知,选项B在文中没有提及；选项C和D是文中已知的信息；根据第五段的内容可知,人们从他们的经验中掌握了种植农作物的方法。所以选项A正确。

4.根据最后一段的最后一句“Withthediscoveryofagriculture,manceasedhisanimal-likeexistenceandbegantobuildthefoundationforcivilization”随着农业的发现,人类停止了动物般的存在,开始建立文明的基础。选项B符合原文。

5.根据第二段的倒数第三句“Whenthesuppliesofgameandplantsinanareawereexhausted,theentiretribewasforcedtomoveontoanewandhopefullybetterregion.”当某一地区的野味和植物供应被耗尽时,整个部落被迫迁移到一个新的、有希望成为更好的地区。选项C符合原文。

6.根据第三段“Anthropologistsareuncertainaboutwhenorhowmanfirstlearnedtofarm.Theysuggestitmayhaveresultedfromcasualobservation.”人类学家不确定人类何时或如何学会耕种。他们认为这可能是偶然观察的结果。由此可知,本文只是提供了一些猜测,所以选项B正确。

7.根据最后一段的最后一句“Withthediscoveryofagriculture,manceasedhisanimal-likeexistenceandbegantobuildthefoundationforcivilization”随着农业的发现,人类停止了动物般的存在,开始建立文明的基础。选项D符合原文。

15.单选题

I（）himatonceasanAmericanwhenhesteppedontothestagewiththreeotheractors.

问题1选项

A.regarded

B.deemed

C.spotted

D.discerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析A:regard“把……认作”；B:deem“看做，认为”；C:spot“认出”；D:discern“识别，看出”。句意：当他和其他三个演员一起登上舞台时，我立即就认出他是美国人了。根据句意，C为正确答案。

16.单选题

Thechieffoodseateninacountrydependslargelyon（）bestinitsclimateandsoil.

问题1选项

A.allwhatitgrows

B.whatgrows

C.whichgrows

D.whatdoesitgrow

【答案】B

【解析】根据句子结构可知,句中缺少宾语。选项A结构错误,先行词all后面只能接关系代词that；选项C缺少先行词；选项D是疑问句,不能做宾语。所以选项B正确。

17.翻译题

人类是一个不断的自然进化过程的产物，其中包括无数次的遗传转化：这一不可阻挡的过程自45亿年前地球形成以来一直未曾间断过。这一进化过程，受环境因素的影响，经过随机突变，形成了更具适应性的系统，从而保证了其连续性。在动物世界，这导致了更高级物种的进化，并在人类身上达到了极致。我认为人类掌握了自身的命运，因为人类已经获得创新思维的能力。

创新思维能力的获得大大加速了自然进化的过程。它导致了人类文明诸多方面的巨大进步。如在艺术、文学、医学、技术上，在属于人类智慧扩展前沿科学上尤其如此。然而，正是科学的这些进步使得人类获得了自我毁灭的功能，导致了消灭人类自身的工具的发展。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish

【答案】Humanbeingisaproductoftheconstantevolutionarywhichinvolvesnumerousgenetictransformations,andhasgoneuninterruptedsincetheEarthcameintobeing4.5billionyearsago.Subjecttoenvironmentalfactorsandundergoingrandommutation,thisevolutionaryprocessdevelopsintoamoreadoptablesystemtoensurethecontinuity.Intheanimalworld,thissystemleadstotheevolutionofmoreadvancedspeciesandreachesitspeak.Ithinkhumanbeingsmastertheirowndestinies,fortheyhaveobtainedthecreativethinking.

Creativethinkinggreatlyacceleratesthespeedofnaturalevolution.Itleadstogreatachievementsinhumancivilization,suchasart,literature,medicine,technology,especiallyinsciencewhichstandsfortheforefrontoftheexpansionofhumanintelligence.However,thoseadvancementsinsciencealsoenablehumanstoself-destruction,andresultinthedevelopmentoftoolsfordestroyinghumanbeings.

18.单选题

Ifwecontinuetoargueoverminorpointswewon’tget（

）nearasolution.

问题1选项

A.somewhere

B.nowhere

C.anywhere

D.everywhere

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。somewhere“某个地方”；getsomewhere“有进展，有结果”；nowhere“无处；任何地方”；getnowhere“无进展；无结果”；anywhere“任何地方”；everywhere“每个地方”。句意：如果我们继续为小事争吵的话，我们找不到任何解决问题的方法。由前半句的假设的内容可推知不好的结果。答案C

19.写作题

Inmanycountrieschildrenareengagedinsomekindofpaidwork.Somepeopleregardthisascompletelywrong,whileothersconsideritasvaluableworkexperience,importantforlearningandtakingresponsibility.Whatareyouropinionsonthis?Writeapassageonthetopicinabout200words.YoumustwriteclearlyandlogicallyonyourAnswerSheet.

【答案】略。

20.单选题

Ifbusinessmenaretaxedtoomuch,theywillnolongerbemotivatedtoworkhard,withtheresultthatincomesfromtaxationmightactually（）.

问题1选项

A.shrink

B.delay

C.disperse

D.sink

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。shrink收缩，减少；delay延期，耽搁；disperse分散，传播；sink下沉。句意：如果对商人征税过多，他们将不再有努力工作的动力，结果是税收收入实际上可能会减少。选项A符合语境。

21.单选题

Wearegoingto（）whatwerelearnedsofarbysomerevisionexercisetoday.

问题1选项

A.affirm

B.reinforce

C.consolidate

D.conform

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。affirm“肯定，断言”；reinforce“加强”；consolidate“巩固”；conform“使遵守”。根据whatwelearned“我们所学的”与bysomerevisionexercise“通过一些练习”可知是通过练习来巩固我们所学的内容，因此选项C符合题意。

22.单选题

Itisnecessarythathe（

）theassignmentwithoutdelay.

问题1选项

A.handin

B.handsin

C.musthandin

D.hastohandin

【答案】A

【解析】考察itisnecessary+that…固定句型的用法。固定句型：Itisnecessary+that（should）be+其他成分，选项A符合题意。

23.单选题

Jeanholdsvery（）opinionsaboutfood;shewon’teatanythingneworforeign.

问题1选项

A.awesome

B.conventional

C.consistent

D.condimental

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。awesome“极好的”；conventional“传统的”；consistent“始终如一的，一致的”；condimental“调味品的”。句意：简对食物的观念很传统，她不吃任何新的或者国外的食物。选项B符合题意。

24.单选题

JamesCook,（）,alsodiscoveredtheHawaiianIslands.

问题1选项

A.byexploringtheSouthSeahereachedAustralia

B.exploredtheSouthSeaandreachingAustralia

C.whoexploredtheSouthSeaandreachedAustralia

D.exploredtheSouthSeathenreachedAustralia

【答案】C

【解析】考查从句。C选项做定语从句修饰主语JamesCook，定语从句中的谓语explored和reached由and并列，时态语态一致，整个句子代入到题干中无语法错误。句意：