高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件

非谓语动词指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。非谓语动词指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和动词ing及物动词（do)不及物动词（go)主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式doingbeingdonegoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavinggone动词ing及物动词（do)不及物动词（go)主动语态被动语态eg:1.Isawthemplayingchessunderthetree.2.Theproblembeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.3.Havingfinishedmywork,Isatdowntorest.4.Havingbeentherethreetimes,heknowsthecitywell.eg:1.Isawthemplayingchess一般式的主动语态：表示主动进行，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之后或与主句谓语动词同时发生一般式的被动语态：表示被动进行，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之后或与主句谓语动词同时发生完成式的主动语态：表示主动完成，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前完成式的被动语态：表示被动完成，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前注：V-ing的完成式不能作定语。一般式的主动语态：表示主动进行，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓V-ing所充当的句子成分一、作主语1.直接作主语eg:1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Smokingisn’tallowedhere.V-ing所充当的句子成分一、作主语2.用it作形式主语it’snouse/useless(做…是没用的)/nogood/nohelp/awasteoftime+doingeg:It’snousewaitinghere.2.用it作形式主语高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件2.V-ing形式说明所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在功能上相当于一个定语从句，可以改写成一个定语从句。eg:1.Theboystandingthereismyclassmate.=Theboywhoisstandingthereismyclassmates.2.theboilingwater=thewaterwhichisboiling.3.Themachine____(use)ismadeinShanghai.=ThemachinewhichisusedismadeinShanghai.2.V-ing形式说明所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在功能上相3.表示人的心理活动和思想情感的动词（interest/excite/surprise/move/astonish/satisfy/fighting),但是由于人的情绪变化而引起的表情、声音等的变化，用V-ed形式。eg:1.Thisisan___(interest)story.2.Iam____(interest）inthe____(interest)film.3.Therewasan___(excite)lookonhisface.3.表示人的心理活动和思想情感的动词（interest/ex四、作宾语补足语1.作感官动词的宾语补足语feel/listento/taste/smell/hear/see/watch/notice/observe红色词语用法一致（以see为例）see+宾语+do看见某人做某事的全过程see+宾语+doing看见某人正在做某事see+宾语+done看见某事被做see+宾语+beingdone看见某事被做eg:1.Ihearhim____(sing)asonginthenextroom.四、作宾语补足语1.作感官动词的宾语补足语2.Heheardhisname___(call).3.(1)Inoticethem____(repair)thecar.(2)Inoticethecar_____(repair).3.Themissingboywasseen____bytheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played4.WhenIwasyoung,Iprefertowatchthetrain___(pull)inandout.5.Ismellsomething____(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinawhile.2.Heheardhisname___(call).2.作使役动词的宾语补足语①have+宾语+done使某事被做

+do让某人做某事

+doing让某人一直做某事②getsbtodosth让某人做某事getsthdone让某事被做getsb/sthdoing让某人、某事一直做2.作使役动词的宾语补足语eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut.2.Itrymebesttohave/getthecarrunning.3.IhaveMarycleantheroom.eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut③leavesb/sth+adj.主动

+doing表主动关系

+done表被动关系eg:1.Don’tleavethedooropen.2.Sheleftherbabycrying.3.Don’tleavetheworkhalfdone.使处于某种状态③leavesb/sth+adj.主动使处于某种状态④keepsb/sth+使处于某种状态doing主动关系done被动关系n.adj.prep.④keepsb/sth+doing主动关系eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyou___(wait)formesolong.2.Hekepthishands___(clean)inhispocket.3.Theykepttheirmarrigeasecret.4.Thecoatwillkeepyouwarm.5.Hisillnesskepthiminbedforseveraldays.eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyo⑤startsb/sthdoing使…开始….eg:Thesmokestartedhercoughing.⑥catchsbdoing=sbbecaughtdoing撞见某人做某事eg:1.Theteachercaughthim___(sleep)intheclass.⑤startsb/sthdoing使…开始….⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…发生eg:Theearthquakesentthemrushingoutoftheroom.⑧setsb/sthdoing让XX处于某种状态⑨makesbdo让某人做某事=sbbemadetodomakeoneselfdone使某人自己被…make+宾语+n./adj.⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…发eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besuretomakeyourself____(understand).2.Hisgiftmadeherveryhappy.3.Wemadehimourmonitor.eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besureto⑩find+宾语+doing表主动关系

+done表被动关系

+adj.+n.eg:1.Wefoundhimanhonestman.2.Wefoundthedoorlocked.3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhim__(lie)ontheground.4.Afteralongsearch,wefoundthemissingboysafe.发现、发觉⑩find+宾语+doing表主动关系发现、发觉五、作宾语⒈作某些动词后的宾语建议完成很在意，喜欢实践提建议，宽恕考虑对报道，承认允许有感激，不喜欢逃避和耽搁，想象理解别错过。suggest,finish,mindenjoy,practise,adviseforgive/excuse,consider,reportadmit,allow/permit,appreciatedislike,avoid/escape,delayimagine/fancy,understand,miss五、作宾语⒈作某些动词后的宾语forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk冒险resist抵抗keepcouldn’thelpdoing禁不住做某事

do不能帮助做某事eg:1.Keep___(practise,say)language.2.Hewasluckyhemissed__(catch).3.WhenIheardthefunnystory,Icouldn’thelp___(laugh).4.Noonewouldliketorisk___(ride)inaballon.forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk2.做动词短语后的宾语devoteto…奉献于…lookforwardto期待stickto坚持payattentionto注意leadto导致objectto反对get/beusedto习惯于..getdownto开始认真做某事referto提及，涉及，查阅2.做动词短语后的宾语3.用it作形式宾语make/find/think/suppose/consider/believe+it+nouse/nogood/nohelp/useless+doingeg：Ithinkituselessarguingwithhim.3.用it作形式宾语4.4.高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件六、作状语1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗号与主句隔开，考虑分词与主句主语之间的关系，如果是主动关系，用V-ing,如果是被动关系，用V-ed.2.通常情况下，主句的主语是分词的逻辑主语。3.可作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果、让步状语。六、作状语1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗号与主句隔开，考虑分词eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.2.Openingthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.=WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.3.___(see)fromthehill,Icanseethewholecity.4.___(see)fromthehill,thewholecitylooksbeautiful.eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Is2.原因状语eg:1.Becausehewasill,hehadtostayathome.=Beingill,hehadtostayathome.2.Becauseyouareastudent,youmuststudyhard.=Beingastudent,youmuststudyhard.3.__Icouldn’tgotoschoolinmychildhood.A.PoorB.BeingpoorC.Tobepoor2.原因状语3.条件状语eg:1.Ifyouturnleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.=Turningleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.2.Standingonthehill,wewillseethewholecity.=Wewillseethewholecityifwestandonthehill3.条件状语4.让步状语.eg:1.Thoughheisveryrich,heisunhappy.=Beingveryrich,heisunhappy.2.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.=Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.4.让步状语.5.伴随状语.eg:1.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhefollowedsomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followingsomestudents.2.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhewasfollowedbysomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followedbysomestudents.3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___(prepare)alongspeechforthepresident.5.伴随状语.6.结果状语:现在分词作结果状语，分词的动作是主语造成的结果，谓语动词和分词有因果关系。eg:1.Therainlastedaweeksothatitcausedmanyproblems.=Therainlastedaweek___(cause)manyproblems.2.Hewascaughtintherain,___(have)acold.6.结果状语:现在分词作结果状语，分词的动作是主语造成的结果七、复合结构1.作宾语人称代词宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词普通格、名词所有格+doingeg:Doyoumindme/my/Marry/Marry’ssittinghere.2.作主语形容词性物主代词、名词所有格+doingeg:Tom/Mygettinguplatemadethebossangry.七、复合结构1.作宾语八、分词的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.2.Tom’snotgettingupearlymadehismotherangry.八、分词的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Not九、独立主格

若分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致，则在分词前加上本身的逻辑主语，形成独立主格。①n./pron.+doning表主动

n./pron.+done表被动eg:1.Whenhewaslyingthere,wewentaway.=He___(lie)there,wewentaway.2.Themeeting__over,wealllefttheroom.A.isB.beingC.wasD.were3.Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.九、独立主格若分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致，则在②with+宾语+doing表主动进行

+done表被动完成

+todo表将来，可用主动表被动

+adj.+adv.+prep.②with+宾语+doing表主动进行eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wangstandingup.2.Wewenthomewithourhomeworkfinished.3.Wewillhave71studentswithXiaoHongtocome.4.Thenewly-electedpresidentwillhaveahardtimewithmanyproblemstosolve.5.Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.6.Helikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.7.Somestudentsliketotalkwiththecalsson.eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wan③Therebeing表示有eg:Therewasnobus,sowehadtowalkhome.=Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.④如果表示人的身体的某一部位的名词做分词的逻辑主语，则及物动词用ed,不及物动词用ing.③Therebeing表示有eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(look)atthesky.2.Hecamein,hishands___(tie)behind.3.Shesattherewithhereyes___(fix)onthepicture.eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(十当主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等连词时，不能选现在分词和过去分词，可选一个完整的句子或祈使句。eg:(1)___tired,hecouldn’twalkanyfarther.(2)___tired,hislegshurt.(3)___tired,sohecouldn’twalkanyfarther.A.BeingB.HebeingC.Hewas十当主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.A.BeingillB.HismotherbeingillC.AshewasillD.alltheabove(3)____nothingtodo,hewentout.Since___nothingtodo,hewentout.A.beingB.therebeingC.therewas(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.十一、分词的惯用语1.judgingfrom/by根据…判断2.talkingof..谈到…3.adv.(generaly,exactly,strictly,frankly(坦白)+speaking….的说4.jokingapart言归正传5.given(that)如果十一、分词的惯用语1.judgingfrom/byeg:1.Generalyspeakingthebookisnotdifficult.2.Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromHunan.eg:1.Generalyspeakingtheboo1.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong______,Ihaveneverheardyou______it.A.beingsung;sang B.sang;singingC.sung;sing. D.tobesung;tosing2.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire______allnight.A.toburn B.burn C.burning D.burned.3.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.put B.tobeputting C.toput D.putting.4.—Didyoumeetanyone______attheparty?—No,infact,Ifoundthepartyrather______.A.interesting;boring B.interested;boring.C.interesting;bored D.interested;bored1.ThoughIhaveoftenheardt5.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught______andletheroff.A.tohavestolen B.tobestealingC.tosteal D.stealing.6.Don’tleavethewater_______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.run B.running. C.beingrun D.torun7.The_______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.A.missing;playing. B.missing;playC.missed;played D.missed;toplay8.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smoke B.smoking. C.tosmoke D.smoked5.ThesalesmanscoldedthegiV-ed1.及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示完成，不及物动词的过去分词只能表示完成。2.现在分词的完成被动式和过去分词两者都可以表示完成和被动，但是现在分词的完成被动式强调分词的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前（时间性非常强），而过去分词时间性不强。现在分词的完成主动式及其被动式不能作定语。eg:1.

If

heated,

water

is

changed

into

vapour.2.

Having

been

shown

around

the

lab,

the

guests

were

taken

to

see

the

library.V-ed1.及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示完成，不及物动3.否定式：①在过去分词前直接加not②在过去分词前加un(unknown,unfinished,undone)eg:Notallowedtocomein,hehadtowaitoutside.3.否定式：①在过去分词前直接加not4.作定语。位置：单个分词作定语，放在所修饰的名词前。分词短语作定语，放在所修饰的名词后。功能：相当于定语从句eg:abrokencup=acupwhichwasbroken.avasebrokenbyaboy=Avasewhichwasbrokenbyaboy.

注：定语：done表被动完成

beingdone表被动正在完成4.作定语。根据上述4点填空1.Thecastle___(build)in1812isunderrepair.2.Thebuilding___(build)nowisourschool.3.Thebuilding___(build)lastyearisourschool.4.Thebook___(belong)toMarryislost.5.Isthereanybodyhere___(invite)tothepartywere.6.Mostoftheartist___(invite)tothepartywereGermans.根据上述4点填空1.Thecastle___(build)5.作状语。主句的主语一定是分词的逻辑主语。过去分词可以表时间.、原因.、条件、让步.、伴随eg:1.Exhausted,thechildrenfellasleepatonce.

2.Askedmanytimes,Itoldhimthesecret.3.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.

注：状语donehavingbeendone时间性强

beingdone被动进行5.作状语。bedone作①状语②后置定语eg:1.Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.2.Theyoungmanstressedinblack.2.Theprofessorcamein__(follow)byalotofstudents.3.Thestudentscamein___(follow)theirteacher.bedone作①状语②后置定语Todo(动词不定式）一、时态、语态主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedone\完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendone\Todo(动词不定式）一、时态、语态主动被动一般式tod1.动词不定式的一般式表示动词不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词之后。eg:Ihopetoseeyounextweek.2.动词不定式的完成式表示动词不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。eg:ChakesBabbageisconsideredtohaveinventedthefirstcomputer.1.动词不定式的一般式表示动词不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词3.动词不定式的进行式表示动词不定式的动作与主语谓语动词同时发生。eg:Whentheteachercamein,somestudentspretendedtobestudying.4.动词不定式的完成进行式表示动词不定式的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，并一直进行着。eg:SheissaidtohavebeenwritingthenovelaboutNewYorkforyears.3.动词不定式的进行式表示动词不定式的动作与主语谓语动词同时二、否定式：在不定式之前直接加not构成：nottodostheg:1.Hismothertoldhimnottomakenoises.2.Somestudentspromisedtheteachernottotalkduringtheclass.二、否定式：在不定式之前直接加三、动词不定式的复合结构①forsbtodosthofsbtodosth区别：adj.(stupid/silly/kind/nice/wise/clever)形容词是描述人的品质的时候用of.eg:1.Doyouthinkitimportant__(of/for)ustolearnEnglish.2.Ithinkitverykind__(of/for)youtodoso.三、动词不定式的复合结构②特殊疑问词+todoeg:Idon’tknowwhattodo.Idon’tknowhowtoit.四、句法功能1.作主语：表示一次性具体动作。eg:1.Toseeistobelive.2.Toservethepeopleisourduty.②特殊疑问词+todoItis/was+adj.forsbtodosth.Itis/was+adj.ofsbtodosth某人做。。真是太。。。样了eg:1.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.2.It’simportantforustolearnEnglish.Itis/was+adj.forsbtodostitis/was+n.+todo…是。。。样的eg:1.It’sanhonourtobeinvited.2.It’sapleasuretostudyEnglish.It’stimeforsbtodosththatSshoulddothatSV-ed是某人做某事的时候了itis/was+n.+todo…是。。。样的It’sone’sturntodosth…轮到某人做某事了eg:It’syourturntocleantheroom.Ittakes/tooksb时间/金钱todosth做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱eg:Ittakesme15minutestowalktoschool.2.作表语：具体的或将要发生的动作，通常情况下主表位置可以互换。It’sone’sturntodosth…轮到某人eg:1.Myaimistogotoschool.2.Togotocollegeismyaim.3.Thisproblemremainstobesolved.eg:1.Myaimistogotoschool3.作定语：①n.+todo表将要发生的动作。eg:1.Ihavealotofworktodotonight.2.Givemesomethingtodrink.3.Ihavealettertopost.②表示某人是第几位做某事the+序数词+todoeg:1.Heisthefirstpersontofinishthejob.2.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.3.作定语：①n.+todo表将要发生的动作。③不定式与所修饰的词有动宾关系，但不定式动词又为不及物动词时，后面需加上相应的介词。但如果中心名词是place、time、way时，介词可省略。eg:1.There’snothingtoworry____.2.Ihavenochairtosit____.3.Theyfoundahousetolive____.4.Theyhavenodifficultyfindingaplacetolive___.③不定式与所修饰的词有动宾关系，但不定式动词又为不及物动词时4.作宾语：①动词：wantto/planto/hope.eg:Iwanttoeatanapple.②wouldlike/wouldlove/want/plan/hope/mean/expect/intendtohavedone表示未曾实现的打算、希望、意图等。eg:1.ImeanttohaveseenthefilmbutIhadalotofworktodo.2.WewouldliketohavewatchedTV,buttherewasnoelectricity.4.作宾语：①动词：wantto/planto/h③动词不定式做介词（but,except)宾语时，当在but或except前有实义动词do时，其后的动词不定式符号to可省。eg:1.Wehadnochoicebut___(study)abroad.2.Hewantednothingbut___(buy)aball.3.Hedidnothingbut___(return)home.4.Theycoulddonothingbut__(wait)forlettertocome.③动词不定式做介词（but,except)宾语时，当在but④make/feel/find/think/suppose/consider/believe+it+adj./n.+that…/todo…eg:1.MostofthestudentsthinkitdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.2.Hemakesitaruletogotoschoolearly.④make/feel/find/think/suppose/5.作宾语补足语：动词+sb+todosthwant/expect/allow/permitsbtodosth6.作状语：①作目的状语（not）todo/inorder(not)todo/soas(not)todo《用于句中》eg:1.Igotupearlynotto/inordernotto/soasnottomissthetrain.2.Hewenthometoseehisparents.5.作宾语补足语：动词+sb+todosth②作原因状语：用于表示情感、情绪等词之后。eg:1.I’msorrytohearthat.2.Shewaspleasedtobegiventhejob.③程度状语：常用于表示程度的形容词后（difficult/heavy/easy/hot)eg:1.Thesoupishottodrink.2.Theboxisheavytolift.②作原因状语：用于表示情感、情绪等词之后。④结果状语A.如此…以至于so/such…asto=so/such…thatso+adj./adv.that=so+adj./adv+astodosuch+n.+that=such+n.+astodoso+adj.+a/an+n.+that=so+adj.+a/an+n.+astodosuch+a/an+adj.+n.+that=such+a/an+adj.+n.+astodo如果所修饰的词是many/few/much/little时，一定用so.④结果状语eg:1.Hewassoangryasnottobeabletospeak.=Hewassoangryastobeunabletospeak2.Hewassuchafoolastobelievehisstory.3.Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallloveher.=Heissogoodateacherthatweallloveher.eg:1.HewassoangryasnottoB.adj./adv.enoughtodo足够…样，做…eg:1.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.2.Heranfastenoughtocatchthethief.C.onlytodosth表示出乎意料的结果eg:Hehurriedtothetrainstationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.D.too…to…太…而不能…当too后面的adj.是表示态度、心情等意义的词时，则翻译成肯定含义。B.adj./adv.enoughtodo足够…样，eg:1.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.2.Wearetoogladtomeetyou.3.Wearetoohappytohearfromyou.eg:1.Heistooyoungtogoto非谓语动词小练44.Akindoldgentlemanoffered＿＿＿mybagstothetaxistand.

A.hishelpcarried

B.carryingC.metocarry

D.tohelpmetocarry.

45.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythewomanhad＿＿＿herchildren.

A.broughtup

B.tobringup

C.bringingup.

D.tohavebroughtup

46.Hewas＿＿＿today,butwasaskedtostayfor＿＿＿week.

A.tohavereturned；another.

B.returning；onemoreC.returned；another

D.toreturn；other非谓语动词小练44.Akindoldgentleman47.--WhereshouldIsendmyform?--ThePersonnelofficeistheplace＿＿＿.

A.forsendingit

B.tosenditto.

C.tosend

D.tosendit

48.Icouldfeelthewind＿＿onmyfacefromanopenwindow.

A.toblow

B.blowing.

C.tobeblowing

D.blown

49.--Lucy,whydidn'tyoucomelastSunday?

--I＿＿＿,butmyfatherwasinhospital.

A.would

B.had

C.wasgoingto.

D.did

50.--Whatterribleweather!Isimplycan'tgetthecar＿＿＿.

--Whynottry＿＿＿＿theenginewithsomehotwater?

A.starting；filling.

B.start；fillingC.started；tofill

D.tostart；fill

47.--WhereshouldIsendmyf非谓语动词指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。非谓语动词指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和动词ing及物动词（do)不及物动词（go)主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式doingbeingdonegoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavinggone动词ing及物动词（do)不及物动词（go)主动语态被动语态eg:1.Isawthemplayingchessunderthetree.2.Theproblembeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.3.Havingfinishedmywork,Isatdowntorest.4.Havingbeentherethreetimes,heknowsthecitywell.eg:1.Isawthemplayingchess一般式的主动语态：表示主动进行，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之后或与主句谓语动词同时发生一般式的被动语态：表示被动进行，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之后或与主句谓语动词同时发生完成式的主动语态：表示主动完成，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前完成式的被动语态：表示被动完成，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前注：V-ing的完成式不能作定语。一般式的主动语态：表示主动进行，V-ing的动作发生在主句谓V-ing所充当的句子成分一、作主语1.直接作主语eg:1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Smokingisn’tallowedhere.V-ing所充当的句子成分一、作主语2.用it作形式主语it’snouse/useless(做…是没用的)/nogood/nohelp/awasteoftime+doingeg:It’snousewaitinghere.2.用it作形式主语高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件2.V-ing形式说明所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在功能上相当于一个定语从句，可以改写成一个定语从句。eg:1.Theboystandingthereismyclassmate.=Theboywhoisstandingthereismyclassmates.2.theboilingwater=thewaterwhichisboiling.3.Themachine____(use)ismadeinShanghai.=ThemachinewhichisusedismadeinShanghai.2.V-ing形式说明所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在功能上相3.表示人的心理活动和思想情感的动词（interest/excite/surprise/move/astonish/satisfy/fighting),但是由于人的情绪变化而引起的表情、声音等的变化，用V-ed形式。eg:1.Thisisan___(interest)story.2.Iam____(interest）inthe____(interest)film.3.Therewasan___(excite)lookonhisface.3.表示人的心理活动和思想情感的动词（interest/ex四、作宾语补足语1.作感官动词的宾语补足语feel/listento/taste/smell/hear/see/watch/notice/observe红色词语用法一致（以see为例）see+宾语+do看见某人做某事的全过程see+宾语+doing看见某人正在做某事see+宾语+done看见某事被做see+宾语+beingdone看见某事被做eg:1.Ihearhim____(sing)asonginthenextroom.四、作宾语补足语1.作感官动词的宾语补足语2.Heheardhisname___(call).3.(1)Inoticethem____(repair)thecar.(2)Inoticethecar_____(repair).3.Themissingboywasseen____bytheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played4.WhenIwasyoung,Iprefertowatchthetrain___(pull)inandout.5.Ismellsomething____(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinawhile.2.Heheardhisname___(call).2.作使役动词的宾语补足语①have+宾语+done使某事被做

+do让某人做某事

+doing让某人一直做某事②getsbtodosth让某人做某事getsthdone让某事被做getsb/sthdoing让某人、某事一直做2.作使役动词的宾语补足语eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut.2.Itrymebesttohave/getthecarrunning.3.IhaveMarycleantheroom.eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut③leavesb/sth+adj.主动

+doing表主动关系

+done表被动关系eg:1.Don’tleavethedooropen.2.Sheleftherbabycrying.3.Don’tleavetheworkhalfdone.使处于某种状态③leavesb/sth+adj.主动使处于某种状态④keepsb/sth+使处于某种状态doing主动关系done被动关系n.adj.prep.④keepsb/sth+doing主动关系eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyou___(wait)formesolong.2.Hekepthishands___(clean)inhispocket.3.Theykepttheirmarrigeasecret.4.Thecoatwillkeepyouwarm.5.Hisillnesskepthiminbedforseveraldays.eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyo⑤startsb/sthdoing使…开始….eg:Thesmokestartedhercoughing.⑥catchsbdoing=sbbecaughtdoing撞见某人做某事eg:1.Theteachercaughthim___(sleep)intheclass.⑤startsb/sthdoing使…开始….⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…发生eg:Theearthquakesentthemrushingoutoftheroom.⑧setsb/sthdoing让XX处于某种状态⑨makesbdo让某人做某事=sbbemadetodomakeoneselfdone使某人自己被…make+宾语+n./adj.⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…发eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besuretomakeyourself____(understand).2.Hisgiftmadeherveryhappy.3.Wemadehimourmonitor.eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besureto⑩find+宾语+doing表主动关系

+done表被动关系

+adj.+n.eg:1.Wefoundhimanhonestman.2.Wefoundthedoorlocked.3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhim__(lie)ontheground.4.Afteralongsearch,wefoundthemissingboysafe.发现、发觉⑩find+宾语+doing表主动关系发现、发觉五、作宾语⒈作某些动词后的宾语建议完成很在意，喜欢实践提建议，宽恕考虑对报道，承认允许有感激，不喜欢逃避和耽搁，想象理解别错过。suggest,finish,mindenjoy,practise,adviseforgive/excuse,consider,reportadmit,allow/permit,appreciatedislike,avoid/escape,delayimagine/fancy,understand,miss五、作宾语⒈作某些动词后的宾语forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk冒险resist抵抗keepcouldn’thelpdoing禁不住做某事

do不能帮助做某事eg:1.Keep___(practise,say)language.2.Hewasluckyhemissed__(catch).3.WhenIheardthefunnystory,Icouldn’thelp___(laugh).4.Noonewouldliketorisk___(ride)inaballon.forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk2.做动词短语后的宾语devoteto…奉献于…lookforwardto期待stickto坚持payattentionto注意leadto导致objectto反对get/beusedto习惯于..getdownto开始认真做某事referto提及，涉及，查阅2.做动词短语后的宾语3.用it作形式宾语make/find/think/suppose/consider/believe+it+nouse/nogood/nohelp/useless+doingeg：Ithinkituselessarguingwithhim.3.用it作形式宾语4.4.高中英语语法非谓语动词精讲精练课件六、作状语1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗号与主句隔开，考虑分词与主句主语之间的关系，如果是主动关系，用V-ing,如果是被动关系，用V-ed.2.通常情况下，主句的主语是分词的逻辑主语。3.可作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果、让步状语。六、作状语1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗号与主句隔开，考虑分词eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.2.Openingthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.=WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.3.___(see)fromthehill,Icanseethewholecity.4.___(see)fromthehill,thewholecitylooksbeautiful.eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Is2.原因状语eg:1.Becausehewasill,hehadtostayathome.=Beingill,hehadtostayathome.2.Becauseyouareastudent,youmuststudyhard.=Beingastudent,youmuststudyhard.3.__Icouldn’tgotoschoolinmychildhood.A.PoorB.BeingpoorC.Tobepoor2.原因状语3.条件状语eg:1.Ifyouturnleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.=Turningleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.2.Standingonthehill,wewillseethewholecity.=Wewillseethewholecityifwestandonthehill3.条件状语4.让步状语.eg:1.Thoughheisveryrich,heisunhappy.=Beingveryrich,heisunhappy.2.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.=Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.4.让步状语.5.伴随状语.eg:1.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhefollowedsomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followingsomestudents.2.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhewasfollowedbysomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followedbysomestudents.3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___(prepare)alongspeechforthepresident.5.伴随状语.6.结果状语:现在分词作结果状语，分词的动作是主语造成的结果，谓语动词和分词有因果关系。eg:1.Therainlastedaweeksothatitcausedmanyproblems.=Therainlastedaweek___(cause)manyproblems.2.Hewascaughtintherain,___(have)acold.6.结果状语:现在分词作结果状语，分词的动作是主语造成的结果七、复合结构1.作宾语人称代词宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词普通格、名词所有格+doingeg:Doyoumindme/my/Marry/Marry’ssittinghere.2.作主语形容词性物主代词、名词所有格+doingeg:Tom/Mygettinguplatemadethebossangry.七、复合结构1.作宾语八、分词的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.2.Tom’snotgettingupearlymadehismotherangry.八、分词的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Not九、独立主格

若分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致，则在分词前加上本身的逻辑主语，形成独立主格。①n./pron.+doning表主动

n./pron.+done表被动eg:1.Whenhewaslyingthere,wewentaway.=He___(lie)there,wewentaway.2.Themeeting__over,wealllefttheroom.A.isB.beingC.wasD.were3.Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.九、独立主格若分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致，则在②with+宾语+doing表主动进行

+done表被动完成

+todo表将来，可用主动表被动

+adj.+adv.+prep.②with+宾语+doing表主动进行eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wangstandingup.2.Wewenthomewithourhomeworkfinished.3.Wewillhave71studentswithXiaoHongtocome.4.Thenewly-electedpresidentwillhaveahardtimewithmanyproblemstosolve.5.Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.6.Helikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.7.Somestudentsliketotalkwiththecalsson.eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wan③Therebeing表示有eg:Therewasnobus,sowehadtowalkhome.=Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.④如果表示人的身体的某一部位的名词做分词的逻辑主语，则及物动词用ed,不及物动词用ing.③Therebeing表示有eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(look)atthesky.2.Hecamein,hishands___(tie)behind.3.Shesattherewithhereyes___(fix)onthepicture.eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(十当主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等连词时，不能选现在分词和过去分词，可选一个完整的句子或祈使句。eg:(1)___tired,hecouldn’twalkanyfarther.(2)___tired,hislegshurt.(3)___tired,sohecouldn’twalkanyfarther.A.BeingB.HebeingC.Hewas十当主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.A.BeingillB.HismotherbeingillC.AshewasillD.alltheabove(3)____nothingtodo,hewentout.Since___nothingtodo,hewentout.A.beingB.therebeingC.therewas(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.十一、分词的惯用语1.judgingfrom/by根据…判断2.talkingof..谈到…3.adv.(generaly,exactly,strictly,frankly(坦白)+speaking….的说4.jokingapart言归正传5.given(that)如果十一、分词的惯用语1.judgingfrom/