高一英语下学期期末考试分类汇编阅读理解C

欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！专题03阅读理解C【Passage1•广东省东莞市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末英语试题】AnOntarioteenismakingwavesbyturningoldfishinggearintonewtreasures.Sincelastyear,Natalie,15,hasbeentakinglostorthrown—awayfishingnetsandropeandtransformingthemintobracelets,ropeart,mats,basketsandnecklaces.Lastyear,Nataliewasworkingonanassignmentforherscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics(STEM)class.Aspartoftheassignment,shelearnedabout“ghostnets”,whicharefishingnetsthathavebeenleftorlostintheoceanbypeoplewhofish.“Theyhavehugeeffectsonourenvironment.Theycankillcoralreefsandmanyanimals,”saidNatalie.“46percentofthePacificgarbageisghostgear.”TheGreatPacificGarbageisahugecollectionoftrashfloatinginthePacificOceanbetweenHawaiiandCalifornia.Natalietoldhermomshewantedtodosomethingtohelp.Shegotintouchwithahandfulofcharities,includingtheSeaProtectionSocietyandCoastalAction.Aftergettingsomeshipmentsofghostnetsandropefromthoseorganizations,Natalie,withthehelpofherfamily,startedturningthediscardedgearintonewartworks.“We'vemadebracelets,ropeart,mats,baskets,andwe'vemadenecklaces,whichalsousebeachglassinthem,”shesaid.Nataliethenstartedsellingtheartworksonline,thecraftybuyingandsellingwebsite.Shedonatedallherprofits-minusasmallsumofchangetocoversupplies—tothecharitiesthatdonatedfishingsuppliestoher.She'salsobeendonatingalltheincomefromhernon-profitbusiness,calledNauticalWaters,tocharity.Nataliesaidshehopedtocontinueherpassionforoceanlife,withplanstostudymarinebiologyinuniversity.8．HowdidNataliehelpwithghostnets?A．Byturningthemintoartworks. B．Byaskingsupportfromhermother.C．Bycollectingmoneyfromcharities. D．Bysellingghostnetsatagoodprice.9．WhatmadeNataliedecidetodosomethingwithghostnets?A．Tocollectsuppliesfortheartworks. B．Toprepareforherstudyinuniversity.C．Toprotectcoralreefsandmarineanimals. D．TocompleteanassignmentforherSTEMclass.10．Whatdocstheunderlinedword“discarded"inParagraph5referto?A．Polluted. B．Rare. C．Waste. D．Discovered.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext.A．GhostNetsReadyforSale B．CharitiesMakeaBigDifferenceC．Natalie'sPassionforOceanTreasures D．TeenTurnsOldFishingNetsintoArtworks【答案】8．A9．C10．C11．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了安大略的一名15岁少年Natalie就开始把遗失或被丢弃的渔网和绳子做成手镯、绳子工艺品、垫子、篮子和项链，她想要通过这一行动保护珊瑚礁和海洋动物。文章介绍了他们制作这些艺术品的过程以及取得的一些成果。8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sincelastyear,Natalie,15,hasbeentakinglostorthrown—awayfishingnetsandropeandtransformingthemintobracelets,ropeart,mats,basketsandnecklaces.(从去年开始，15岁的Natalie就开始把遗失或被丢弃的渔网和绳子做成手镯、绳子工艺品、垫子、篮子和项链)”以及第二段中“Aspartoftheassignment,shelearnedabout“ghostnets”,whicharefishingnetsthathavebeenleftorlostintheoceanbypeoplewhofish.(作为作业的一部分，她了解了“鬼网”，即人们在捕鱼时遗留或遗失在海洋中的渔网)”可知，Natalie把鬼网变成了艺术品。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中““Theyhavehugeeffectsonourenvironment.Theycankillcoralreefsandmanyanimals,”saidNatalie.(Natalie说：“它们对我们的环境有巨大影响。它们会杀死珊瑚礁和许多动物”)”可知，Natalie决定用鬼网保护珊瑚礁和海洋动物。故选C。10．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“gearintonewartworks”以及“We'vemadebracelets,ropeart,mats,baskets,andwe'vemadenecklaces,whichalsousebeachglassinthem”可知，他们做过手镯、绳子艺术品、垫子、篮子，还做过项链，里面也用到了沙滩玻璃，Natalie从这些组织那里得到了一些鬼网和绳子，在家人的帮助下，她开始把这些废弃的工具变成新的艺术品。故画线词意思是“废弃的”。A.Polluted.被污染的；B.Rare.稀有的；C.Waste.废弃的；D.Discovered.被发现的。故选C。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AnOntarioteenismakingwavesbyturningoldfishinggearintonewtreasures.Sincelastyear,Natalie,15,hasbeentakinglostorthrown—awayfishingnetsandropeandtransformingthemintobracelets,ropeart,mats,basketsandnecklaces.(安大略的一名少年把旧的渔具变成了新的宝物，掀起了一阵浪潮。从去年开始，15岁的Natalie就开始把遗失或被丢弃的渔网和绳子做成手镯、绳子工艺品、垫子、篮子和项链)”结合文章主要说明了安大略的一名15岁少年Natalie就开始把遗失或被丢弃的渔网和绳子做成手镯、绳子工艺品、垫子、篮子和项链，她想要通过这一行动保护珊瑚礁和海洋动物。文章介绍了他们制作这些艺术品的过程以及取得的一些成果。可知，D选项“少年把旧渔网变成艺术品”最符合文章标题。故选D。【Passage2•黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题】OnJune17,Chinalaunchedthreeastronautsintoorbittobeginoccupationofthecountry’snewspacestation.Thethreemen—NieHaisheng,LiuBoming,andTangHongbo—aretospendthreemonthsaboardtheTianhemodulesome380kmabovetheEarth.ItwillbeChina’slongestcrewedspacemissiontodateandthefirstinnearlyfiveyears.TheprimarypurposeoftheteamontheShenzhou-12missionistobringthe22.5-tonneTianhemoduleintoservice.“Weneedtosetupournewhomeinspaceandtestaseriesofnewtechnologies,”Mr.Niesaidaheadofthelaunch.“So,themissionistoughandchallenging.Ibelievewiththethreeofusworkingcloselytogether,doingthoroughandaccurateoperations,wecanovercomeourchallenges.Wedohavetheconfidencetocompletethemission.”Thecrewsuccessfullydocked(对接)withthespacestationoversevenhoursafterthelaunch.ThemomentofcontactwasmetwithapplausefrommissioncontrolandthehugelandinChina.ThelaunchandfollowingmissionaredefinitelyademonstrationofChina’sgrowingconfidenceandcapabilityinthespacefield.PresidentXiJinpinghasthrownhissupportbehindthecountry’sspaceefforts,andtheChineseofficialmediaregularlycastthe“spacedream”asonesignificantsteponthepathto“nationalrejuvenation(民族复兴)”.Chinahasinrecentyearsmadenosecretofitsspaceambitions.Ithaspouredsignificantfundingintoitsspaceefforts,andin2019becamethefirstcountrytosendanun-crewedrover(登月车)tothefarsideoftheMoon.Foritspart,Chinasaysitisopentoforeignparticipationonitsstation.Forexample,ontheoutsideofthestation,thereisanIndian-developedtelescopicspectrographtostudyultravioletemissionscomingfromdeepspace.Andinthelongterm,thereprobablyalsowillbevisitstothestationbynon-Chinesecitizens.AtWednesday’spressconference,JiQiming,anassistantdirectorwithChina’shumanspaceflightagency,said:“Wewelcomeco-operationinthisregard.”“ItisbelievedthatsoonafterthecompletionoftheChinesespacestation,wewillseeChineseandforeignastronautsflyandworktogether,”headded.18．Whatisthechiefgoalofthethree-mancrew?A．Testingavarietyofnewtechnologies. B．SpendingthreemonthsaboardtheTianhemodule.C．PuttingtheTianhemoduleintooperation. D．DisplayingChina’srisingconfidenceandcapability.19．WhatwouldtheChinesepublicthinkofthelaunchofShenzhou-12?A．Mind-blowing. B．Heart-breaking. C．Energy-consuming. D．Labor-saving.20．Whyis“anIndian-developedtelescopicspectrograph”mentionedinparagraph4?A．ToshowChina’sstandoninternationalcooperation. B．Tomakeclearthepresenceofnon-Chinesevisitors.C．TopraiseIndia’sadvancedaerospacetechnologies. D．TocompareChinaandIndiaatthetechnicallevel.21．WhatisthemaintopicofthisnewsreportontheChinaspacestation?A．Theeffortsputonspaceexploration. B．Thedetailedplanofthethree-monthmission.C．Thewelcomeforforeigninvolvement. D．ThedeliveryofthefirstcrewtoTianhemodule.【答案】18．C19．A20．A21．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中国最新的太空站投入使用并将迎来第一批宇航员，此外还介绍了中国希望世界各国人民都能加入宇宙建设中来。18．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheprimarypurposeoftheteamontheShenzhou-12missionistobringthe22.5-tonneTianhemoduleintoservice.(神舟12号任务团队的主要目的是将22.5吨的天河模块投入使用)”可知，神舟12号的主要目的是将天河模块投入使用。故选C。19．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ThemomentofcontactwasmetwithapplausefrommissioncontrolandthehugelandinChina.ThelaunchandfollowingmissionaredefinitelyademonstrationofChina’sgrowingconfidenceandcapabilityinthespacefield.(这一时刻得到了来自控制中心和中国大陆的掌声。这次发射和后续任务无疑表明了中国在太空领域日益增长的信心和能力)”可知，神舟12号的成功发射表明了中国在太空领域日益增长的信心和能力。由此推知，中国民众是非常兴奋以及信心倍增的。那么A项Mind-blowing(令人兴奋的)满足题意。故选A。20．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Foritspart,Chinasaysitisopentoforeignparticipationonitsstation.(中国方面表示，对外国参与其空间站建设持开放态度)”可知，中国对于外国参与其空间站建设持开放态度。由此推知，印度开发的望远镜摄谱仪表明了中国对此是持支持态度的。即展示中国在国际合作中的立场。故选A。21．主旨大意题。根据文章第一“Thethreemen—NieHaisheng,LiuBoming,andTangHongbo—aretospendthreemonthsaboardtheTianhemodulesome380kmabovetheEarth.ItwillbeChina’slongestcrewedspacemissiontodateandthefirstinnearlyfiveyears.(这三名宇航员——聂海胜、刘伯明和唐洪波——将在距离地球380公里的天河舱度过三个月的时间。这将是中国迄今为止最长的载人航天任务，也是近五年来的首次。)”可知，本文主要介绍了中国新的空间站投入使用，3位航天员将在空间站开展最长的航空任务。所以D项ThedeliveryofthefirstcrewtoTianhemodule.(向天河舱交付第一批船员)为本文主要内容。故选D。【Passage3•河北省衡水市冀州区第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷】ThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It’safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey’vecomeupwithanovelsolution.Fromnextyearpublictransportwillbefreeforeveryone.Thenumberofpeopletakingthepublictransportisfarfromwhatisexpectedandsothisideahasbeenbroughtup,whichofcourseresultsinsomeargument.Thisiswhat’sbeingbuilt,anewtramsystemthatwilllinktrainsinpark-and-rideprogramsdesignedtomakefreepublictransportsmoothandattractive.ThisisabigattemptbytheLuxembourggovernmentintowhetherpeoplecanbemadetochangethewaytheybehave,becausefreepublictransportisgreatforexistingcommuters.Butthequestioniswhetherdriverscanbepersuadedtochangetheircarsandtrafficjamsforcommutingonpublictransport.Thedesignerfirmlybelievesthesystemissogoodandeffective.Everyonewillwanttouseit.Everyonecanuseit,youngorold,richorpoor,andeveryonecansaytothemselvesit’sbettertoleavethecarathome.Butothersconsideritquestionable.Taxidriversdon’tseemworriedabouttramsstealingtheirtrade.Businessmenwhocomeherearenevergoingtotakepublictransport.They’lltakeataxibecausetheyhavemeetingstogetto.SoLuxembourg’splanisreallyatest,andit’sonethatplentyofbiggernationswillbewatching.Asweknow,thewaywemovearoundshapesourcities,ourlives,ourworkandourenvironment.Luxembourgisaverysmallcountrybutthiscouldbeaverybigidea.8．WhydoesLuxembourgCityplantomakepublictransportfree?A．Toreducetrafficjams. B．Toattractmorebusinessmen.C．Toencouragepeopletoavoidrushhours. D．Tohelpitscitizenstravelmorecomfortably.9．Whatcanweinferabouttheresultoftheplan?A．Taxidrivers’businesswillbebadlyaffected. B．Morepeoplewillchoosetodrivetoandfromwork.C．People’sdailybehaviorwillbecompletelychanged. D．Takingpublictransportcansavemoneyforcommuters.10．Howdoesthedesignerfeelaboutthesystem?A．Hopeless. B．Concerned. C．Confident. D．Regretful.11．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A．TolistthetrafficproblemsLuxembourgfaces.B．ToshowhowLuxembourgcontrolsitspopulation.C．TogivepeopleadviceonhowtogetaroundLuxembourg.D．TointroduceLuxembourg’snewpublictransportmeasure.【答案】8．A9．D10．C11．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了为了减少交通堵塞，卢森堡计划免费提供公共交通。文章从政府、设计者、出租车司机三方面介绍了他们各自对这一做法的看法。8．推理判断题。根据第一段ThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It’safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey’vecomeupwithanovelsolution.可知由于工人的大量涌入，首都卢森堡的人口在每个工作日都会翻一番。在早高峰和晚高峰时段，经常会出现交通堵塞。这是一个熟悉的难题，但在这里他们想出了一个新奇的解决方案。由此可推知，卢森堡计划免费提供公共交通是为了减少交通堵塞。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据第三段中ThisisabigattemptbytheLuxembourggovernmentintowhetherpeoplecanbemadetochangethewaytheybehave,becausefreepublictransportisgreatforexistingcommuters.可知这是卢森堡政府对人们是否可以改变他们的行为方式的一次重大尝试，因为免费的公共交通对现有的往返上班者来说是很好的。由此可推知，这个计划的结果是，乘坐公共交通工具可以为往返上班者省钱。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中Thedesignerfirmlybelievesthesystemissogoodandeffective.可知设计者坚信这个系统是如此的优良和有效。由此可推知，设计者对这个系统有信心。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据第一段ThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It’safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey’vecomeupwithanovelsolution.可知由于工人的大量涌入，首都卢森堡的人口在每个工作日都会翻一番。在早高峰和晚高峰时段，经常会出现交通堵塞。这是一个熟悉的难题，但在这里他们想出了一个新奇的解决方案。结合文章主要说明了为了减少交通堵塞，卢森堡计划免费提供公共交通。文章从政府、设计者、出租车司机三方面介绍了他们各自对这一做法的看法。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍卢森堡新的公共交通措施。故选D。【Passage4•宁夏银川一中2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题】Somepeopletaketheirholidaydecorationveryseriously.Andsometakeittothenextlevel.TheGriffithfamilyinKenova,WestVirginia,isinthiscamp.Theyputonadisplaythatshowsthey’rejustfilledwithHalloweenspirit.Eachyear,thisfamilydisplays3,000pumpkins(南瓜)infrontoftheirhomefortheHalloweenseason.Yes,youreadthatright.RicGriffithputsoutonejack-o’-lantern(南瓜灯)foreverypersonwholivesinKenova.Ofcourse,hedoesn’tdoitallonhisown.Hehasalotofhelpfromhisfamily,andalsofrommembersofthecommunitywhoaresuper-proudofwhathasbecomequitethetouristattractionovertheyears.Morethan30,000peoplestopbytoseetheamazingdisplay,whichincludesjack‑o’‑lanternscuttolooklikethefacesoffamouspeople,animals,cartooncharacters,andothercreativedesigns.It’scertainlyamust-seeaspartofthearea’sCeredo-KenovaAutumnfest.Tofitinall3,000pumpkins,Griffithandhishelpersspreadthemacrossthehome’sgardenandfrontporch(门廊),aswellasontheroof!Griffithbeganthetraditionbackin1978withjustfivepumpkinsand,manyyearslater,it’smuchbiggerandbetter.Peoplecan’thelpbutcometothearea,walkingalongthesidewalkoutsidethehousetogetthatperfectHalloweenexperience.“Localstakegreatprideinit,andthentherearepeoplefromaroundthecountrywhoplanfalltripsandincludeitintheirtripssotheycanseeit,”saidTysonCompton,presidentoftheCabell‑HuntingtonConventionandVisitorsBureau.“It’sreallysomething.”“It’sbecomeatraditionformanypeopleinourarea,anditfeelsgoodtokeepthatgoing,”Griffithsaid.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．TheGriffithsselling3,000pumpkinsaday.B．RicGriffithgiving3,000jack-o’‑lanternstotourists.C．RicGriffithteaching3,000peoplehowtodisplayjack-o’‑lanterns.D．TheGriffithsdecoratingtheirhousewith3,000pumpkins.29．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．RicGriffith’sideahasreceivedsupportfromhiscommunity.B．Thereareonlytwokindsofjack-o’‑lanterns.C．RicGriffithdislikesaskingforhelpfromothers.D．Thereare30,000peopleinKenova.30．Whatdoweknowaboutthetradition?A．Itbeganwith1,978pumpkins. B．Ithaslastedmorethan40years.C．Itincludesfivepumpkincompetitions. D．Itencouragespeopletodomoreexercise.31．What’sTysonCompton’sattitudetowardsthetradition?A．Worried. B．Uncaring. C．Favorable. D．Uncertain.【答案】28．D29．A30．B31．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇报道。每年万圣节Griffith家都会用3000个南瓜装饰他们的房子，这已经成为他家持续了40多年的传统，并且已经成为旅游景点吸引了许多游客参观。28．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Eachyear,thisfamilydisplays3,000pumpkins(南瓜)infrontoftheirhomefortheHalloweenseason.Yes,youreadthatright.(每年，这个家庭都会在他们家门前摆放3000个南瓜来庆祝万圣节。是的，你没看错。)”可知，划线的词that指代前文“Griffith家每年都会用3000个南瓜装饰他们的房子”，故选D。29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ofcourse,hedoesn’tdoitallonhisown.Hehasalotofhelpfromhisfamily,andalsofrommembersofthecommunitywhoaresuper-proudofwhathasbecomequitethetouristattractionovertheyears.(当然，这并不全是他一个人的功劳。他的家人和社区成员给了他很多帮助，他们对这里多年来成为旅游景点感到非常自豪。)”可知，Griffith的想法得到了社区的支持。故选A。30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Griffithbeganthetraditionbackin1978withjustfivepumpkinsand,manyyearslater,it’smuchbiggerandbetter.(Griffith在1978年开始这一传统，当时他只有五个南瓜，许多年后，变得更大更好了)”可知，这个传统始于1978年，距今已经持续了40多年了，故选B。31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Localstakegreatprideinit,andthentherearepeoplefromaroundthecountrywhoplanfalltripsandincludeitintheirtripssotheycanseeit,(当地人对它非常自豪，还有来自全国各地的人计划秋季旅行，把它包括在他们的旅行中，这样他们就可以看到它)”和“It’sreallysomething(真了不起).”可知，TysonCompton持赞成态度，故选C。【Passage5•陕西省咸阳市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题】ManyofusinChinaenjoyaddingchilies(辣椒)toourfood,butdidyouknowthatthisspicyvegetablecouldalsobedangerous?A34-year-oldUSmanrecentlyendedupinhospitalaftereatingaCarolinaReaper—thespiciestchiliintheworld.Aftertakingjustasinglebiteofone,themansufferedfromseriousheadachesinthefollowingfewdays,reportedBBCNews.Infact,reportsofstomachacheandheadachecausedbyeatingspicyfoodarenotsomethingunusual.Butifchiliesareharmful,whyisitthathumanbeingsaretheonlyanimalstoeatthisvegetable?AccordingtothewebsiteHuanqiu,about600millionChinesepeople—almosthalfofthenationalpopulation—arechilieaters.Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyreactstotheburningfeelingthatcomesfromeatingchiliesbyreleasingnaturalchemicalsthat“produceasenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.Andthebenefitsgoevenfurtherthanjustpersonalenjoyment.AsurveyconductedbytheChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesfoundthatthedeathrateofthosewhoeatspicyfoodonceortwiceaweekis10percentlowerthanthosewhoeatitlessthanonceaweek.Thenumberdecreasedto14percentforthosewhoeatspicyfoodsixtoseventimesaweek.AndanotherstudydonebytheUniversityofVermontcametoasimilarconclusion.“Thedataencouragespeopletoeatmorespicyfoodtoimprovehealthandreducedeathriskatanearlyage,”LiuQi,anutritionistattheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealth,toldBBCNews.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualityandtheabilitytoincreaseourmetabolism(新陈代谢).So,don'tworryifyoulovespicyfood.Itseemsthatchiliesareactuallygoodforus—exceptfortheCarolinaReaper,perhaps.8．Theexampleofa34-year-oldAmericanismentionedinParagraph1toprove________.A．chiliescanbebeneficial B．chiliesarepopularinAmericaC．chiliescanbedangerous D．seriousheadachescanbedangerous9．Eatingchiliesgivespeopleasenseofhappinessby_______.A．decreasingdeathrate B．releasingnaturalchemicalsC．curingseriousheadaches D．providingenoughnutrition10．WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?A．Humanaretheonlyanimalstoeatchilies.B．Stomachacheandheadachescausedbychiliesissomethingunusual.C．Themorechiliesyoueat,thehealthieryouare.D．Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualitybutitcan'tincreaseourmetabolism.11．Thewriterwrotethepassageto________.A．warnpeopleofthedangersofchilies B．askpeopletoeatCarolinaReaperC．encouragepeopletoeatmorechilies D．tellpeoplethebenefitsofchilies【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了辣椒这种让人又爱又恨的蔬菜的相关情况，研究表明：吃辣椒对人健康有好处。8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ManyofusinChinaenjoyaddingchilies(辣椒)toourfood,butdidyouknowthatthisspicyvegetablecouldalsobedangerous?(我们很多中国人都喜欢在食物里放辣椒，但你知道这种辛辣的蔬菜也有危险吗？)”说明吃辣椒也会有危险，下文紧接着讲述了一位34岁的美国人吃辣椒被送进医院的事例，所以可以推知，讲述这一事例的原因是为了说明吃辣椒也可能会有危险。故选C项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyreactstotheburningfeelingthatcomesfromeatingchiliesbyreleasingnaturalchemicalsthat“produceasenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.(那么，人们为什么这么爱吃辣椒呢？英国广播公司报道说，人体对吃辣椒产生的灼烧感会释放“产生快乐感”的天然化学物质)”可知，吃辣椒通过释放天然的化学物质让人感到一种快乐感。故选B项。10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butifchiliesareharmful,whyisitthathumanbeingsaretheonlyanimalstoeatthisvegetable?(但如果辣椒是有害的，为什么人类是唯一吃这种蔬菜的动物？)”可知，人类是唯一吃辣椒的动物。故选A项。11．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyreactstotheburningfeelingthatcomesfromeatingchiliesbyreleasingnaturalchemicalsthat“produceasenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.(那么，人们为什么这么爱吃辣椒呢？英国广播公司报道说，人体对吃辣椒产生的灼烧感会释放“产生幸福感”的天然化学物质)”和第三段中“Andthebenefitsgoevenfurtherthanjustpersonalenjoyment.(它的好处不仅仅是个人享受)”以及最后一段中“Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualityandtheabilitytoincreaseourmetabolism(新陈代谢).(辣椒具有抗癌的功效，还能促进新陈代谢)”可知，除了开头提到吃辣椒可能会有危险，文章主要讲述了一些吃辣椒给人体带来的好处，所以可以推断作者写作该篇文章的目的是告诉人们吃辣椒的好处。故选D项。【Passage6•湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期末检测英语试题】TherehavebeenmanyfinefilmsoverthepastseveralyearsaboutcharactersstrugglingwithAlzheimer’sdisease.ButfewofthemhavegoneasdeeplyandfrighteninglyintothecornersofadeterioratingmindasTheFather,apowerfulnewdramabuiltaroundaspellbindingperformancefromAnthonyHopkins.Atthispointinhislongcareer,Hopkinswouldseemtohaveexhaustedhisabilitytosurpriseus,buthisworkhereisnothingshortofastonishing.Hischaracter,alsonamedAnthony,is80yearsoldandhasdementia.Atthebeginningofthemovie,hisdaughter,Anne—playedbyOliviaColman—stopsbyhisLondonapartmenttocheckonhim.Herfather'sconditionhastakenaturnfortheworse,andhistemperhasbecomesevereenoughtosendhislatestliveinnursepacking.Anthonyisstubbornanddefiantandinsiststhathecanmanageonhisown.Butthat'sclearlynotthecase,givenhishabitofmisplacinghisthingsandhisinabilitytoremembernamesandfaces,Anne'sincluded.AsTheFathergoeson,themoreitbecomesclearthatit'shisownmindthat'splayingtricksonhim.Whatmakesthemoviesounsettlingisthewayitwiresusdirectlyintohissubjectiveexperience,sothatthefoundationsofthestoryseemtoshiftatrandomfromscenetoscene.Amansuddenlyappearsintheapartment,claimingtobeAnne'shusband,whichisodd,sincejustafewmomentsearlier,Anneseemedtobesingle.Annegoesoutshoppingforgroceries,butwhenshereturns,she'splayednotbyOliviaColmanbutbyanotheractress,OliviaWilliams.Eventheapartmentitselfbeginstoshift.Younoticepuzzlingdifferences-wasn'ttherealamponthathallwaytablejustamomentago?ThestoryinTheFathermaybecomplicatedbutit'salsoheartbreakinglysimple:mangrowsoldandloseshismemory,andhisdaughter,afterlifetimeofloveanddevotion,mustbeginthelongpainfulprocessofsayinggoodbye.HopkinsshowsusAnthony'sstruggletokeephissenseabouthim.It'sastrikingperformance-andanimpossibleonetoforget.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deteriorating”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Worsening. B．Narrowing. C．Recovering. D．Improving.9．WhatdowelearnaboutthecharacterAnthonyinthemovie?A．Hecantakecareofhimself B．Hedrivesawaythenurses.C．Heiseasy-goingandforgetful. D．Heliveswithhisdaughterallthetime.10．Theshiftofscenesinthemovieisdesignedto.A．buildthedramatictensioninthefamily. B．showoffthewell-designedstoryline.C．frightenthemovie-goerswithmysteriousplot. D．involvetheviewersintothedisorderedmemories.11．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofHopkins?A．Hehasrunoutofhistalent. B．HeisnotsuitablefortheroleC．Hemasterlyplaystheoldman. D．Hepresentsanoddperformance.【答案】8．A9．B10．D11．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部名为《父亲》的电影，这是一部关于角色与阿尔茨海默病斗争的优秀电影。介绍了其中的故事情节以及作者对演员的看法。8．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“TherehavebeenmanyfinefilmsoverthepastseveralyearsaboutcharactersstrugglingwithAlzheimer’sdisease.(在过去的几年里，有很多关于角色与阿尔茨海默病斗争的优秀电影)”以及“Butfewofthemhavegoneasdeeplyandfrighteninglyintothecornersofa”可知，《父亲》这部电影讲述的是角色与阿尔茨海默病斗争，所以画线词所在句意思是：他们中很少有像《父亲》那样深刻地、令人恐惧地走入日益恶化的思想的角落，故画线词意思是“恶化”。A.Worsening.恶化；B.Narrowing.缩小；C.Recovering.恢复；D.Improving.改善。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herfather'sconditionhastakenaturnfortheworse,andhistemperhasbecomesevereenoughtosendhislatestliveinnursepacking.(她父亲的情况已经转坏，他的脾气已经严重到足以让他最新的住家护士打包)”可知，电影中的安东尼这个角色把护士们赶走了。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Butthat'sclearlynotthecase,givenhishabitofmisplacinghisthingsandhisinabilitytoremembernamesandfaces,Anne'sincluded.(但显然情况并非如此，因为他有乱放东西的习惯，而且他记不住名字和面孔，包括安妮)”以及第三段中“AsTheFathergoeson,themoreitbecomesclearthatit'shisownmindthat'splayingtricksonhim.Whatmakesthemoviesounsettlingisthewayitwiresusdirectlyintohissubjectiveexperience,sothatthefoundationsofthestoryseemtoshiftatrandomfromscenetoscene.(当《父亲》继续进行时，我们越清楚，是他自己的思想在捉弄他。让这部电影如此令人不安的是，它将我们直接连接到他的主观体验中，因此故事的基础似乎在场景之间随机切换)”可推知，影片中场景的转换是为了让观众进入混乱的记忆中。故选D。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThestoryinTheFathermaybecomplicatedbutit'salsoheartbreakinglysimple:mangrowsoldandloseshismemory,andhisdaughter,afterlifetimeofloveanddevotion,mustbeginthelongpainfulprocessofsayinggoodbye.HopkinsshowsusAnthony'sstruggletokeephissenseabouthim.It'sastrikingperformance-andanimpossibleonetoforget.(《父亲》的故事可能很复杂，但也很简单，令人心碎:男人老了，失去了记忆，而他的女儿，在一生的爱和奉献之后，必须开始漫长而痛苦的告别过程。霍普金斯向我们展示了安东尼努力保持理智的过程。这是一场引人注目的演出，令人难以忘怀)”可推知，作者认为霍普金斯娴熟地扮演了这位患阿兹海默症的老人。故选C。【Passage7•山东省名校2021-2022学年高一下学期大联考考试英语试题】OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear,nearly30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacrosssixstates—fromArkansasinthesouthtoIllinoisinthemidwest.Morethan100tornadowarningswereissued—themosteverforaday.ThetornadoinKentuckycausedatleast50people’sdeaths,whichwasdescribedastheworstinthisstate’shistory.Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,theUnitedStatesisalsooneofthemostgeographicallyvariouscountries—fromdesertstoforeststomilesofcoastline.Whilethiscomeswithmanyadvantages,itunfortunatelyleavesthecountryeasilydamagedbyallkindsofnaturaldisasters.DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcaniceruptions.Thesouthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andtheeastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenfloodedbyhugefloods,andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.Thegovernmentsreviewedtheweathereventineachstate’shistorythatcausedthehighestnumberofdeathstodeterminetheworstnaturaldisasterineverystate,Thankstotheirlocationandgeographicresearch,somestatesmadepreparationsaheadoftimetoavoidmass-casualty(重大伤亡的)weatherevents.However,manyotherpartsofthecountryhavebeenlessfortunate,experiencingmassivestormsandfloods.Manysuchevents,likethe1900hurricanethathitGalvestonofTexas,killedsomanypeoplethatitwasimpossibletogetanexactnumberoffinaldeaths,especiallyduringthattime.Americanweathercontinuestobecomemorechangeable.In2018,therewere14weathereventsthatcausedover$1billionindamage.Andinmanypartsofthecountry,theseweathereventscouldbecomeevenmoredestructive(毁灭性的)becauseofglobalwarming.28．Whatdoweknowfromthefiguresinparagraph1?A．Americasuffered