08级汽车专业英语试卷B(答案)2

--PAGE4-一、andPhrase（151151.PowerTrain:传动系统2.Suspension:悬架3.Cylinder:气缸4.Transmission:5.Gasoline:汽油机6.FinalDrive:主减速器，后7.LeafSpring:钢板弹簧8.Piston: 活塞9.TDC:上止点10.Lubrication:润滑11.Muffler:消声器12.PlanetaryGear:行星齿轮13.DiscBrake:盘式制动器14.VentingSystem:15.Hybrid:混合动力2ranslatethefollowingsentencesinto555）1.Todasaveragecarcontainsmorethan15000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedinto fourmajorcategories:body,engine,chassisandelectricalsystem.15000种以上，它们协同工作。汽车零部件分成4大主要类别：车身、发动机、地盘和电子电器系统。GasolineandDieselarecalledheatengines,theburningfuelgenerateswhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothepowertrain.汽油机和柴油机被称为热机，车用燃料产生热量使得气缸里的气体压力升高，为传动系统的曲轴提供动力。Anautomatictransmissionperformssimilarfunctionstoamanualexceptthatgearselectioniscontrolledeitherhtdraulicallyorelectronically.自动变速器选择档位由液压或者电控方式控制，其余方面，自动变速器和手动变速器的功能类似。Thepurposeofthecompletesuspensionsystemistoisolatethevehiclebodyfromroadshocksandvibrations,whichwillotherwisebetransferredtothepassengersandload.悬架系统的功能是隔离、缓减路面冲击和振动,避免传递到车身,影响乘客和货物的舒适性和安全性。Allvehiclesmustfittedwithatleast2independentbrakesystems.Theyoncecalledtheservicebrakeandtheemergencybrake.所有汽车都必须配备两套独立的制动系统，即行车制动和紧急制动。Thepressuredevelopedwithinthecombustionchamberisappliedtotheofapistontoproduceausablemechanicalforce.燃烧室内的压力作用在活塞顶部产生有用的机械功。Thevalvesystemismadeupofthosepartsneededtoopenandclosethevalvesatjusttherighttime.Theburnedgasesremovedfromthecombustionchambercontainsuchharmfulemissionsashydrocarbons,carbonmonoxideandnitrousoxides.、CONOxThelocationofthedrivingaxledetermineswhetherthevehicleisclassifiedrear-wheeldrive,front-wheeldrive,four-wheeldriveorall-wheeldrive.驱动桥的位置决定驱动方式的类型：后驱、前驱、四轮驱动和全轮驱动。Incommercialvehicles,thenecessaryfinal-driverationcanonlyrarelyaccommodatedinonestage.Forthisreason,useisusuallymadeofmoreelaboratefinal-drivesystems.常采用复杂的多级主减速传动装置。11.Therearetwomainwaysofbuildingautomobiles.Theyarebuiltusingbody/frameconstructionandunitizedbodyconstruction.承载式和车身和非承载式车身。Translatethefollowingparagraphinto1030）1.Achassiswhichisconsideredasasupportframeforanautobodyisusedtoassembleallautospareonit.Infact,whenpowerfromenginecontinuestobetransmittedtochassis,itbeginswithpowertrain,goesontosteering,wheelsuspension,brakesandtires.Theseindividualcomponentsinteractwitheachotherclosely.Therefore,achassisitselfcanbedividedintothefollowingsystems.汽车底盘可被看成一个支撑车身的框架结构，在此框架结构上安装所有的汽车零部件。事实上，发动机的动力传递到底盘，是从传动系开始，经转向系统、车轮悬架、制动系统到车轮。不同系统的零部件紧密结合共同发挥作用。因此，底盘可分为以下子系统。Theengineblockservesasarigidmetalfoundationforallpartsofanengine.Itcontainsthecylindersandsupportsthecrankshaftandcamshaft.Inolderengines,valveseats,ports,andguidesarebuiltintotheblock.Accessoryunitsandtheclutchhousingareboltedtoit.Blocksaremadeofeithercastironoraluminum.Thelightertheblock(providingithassufficientstrength),thebetter.发动机缸体是发动机所有零部件的刚性装配基体。缸体包括气缸，支撑曲轴和凸轮轴。在老式的发动机中，气门座、推杆和套管都在缸体里。必要的附件和离合器壳也是和缸体相连接的。缸体材料一般是铸铁或铝合金，缸体越轻（满足强度的前提下）越好。Themodernclutchisasingleplate,drydisc.Itconsistsoffivemajorparts:flywheel,clutchdisc,pressureplateassembly,throw-outbearing,an