专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷125(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷125(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.2.SECTIONAInthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbytenmultiple-choicequestions.Foreachquestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.(1)TheBattleofNormandywasfoughtduringWorldWarIIinthesummerof1944,betweentheAlliednationsandGermanforcesoccupyingWesternEurope.Morethan60yearslater,theNormandyInvasion,orD-Day,remainsthelargestseaborneinvasioninhistory,involvingnearlythreemilliontroopscrossingtheEnglishChannelfromEnglandtoNormandyinoccupiedFrance.(2)OperationOverlordwasthecodenamefortheAlliedinvasionofnorthwestEurope.Theassaultphase,ortheestablishmentofasecurefoothold,wasknownasOperationNeptune.OperationNeptunebeganonD-Day(June1,1944)andendedonJune30,whentheAllieshadestablishedafirmfootholdinNormandy.OperationOverlordalsobeganonD-Day,andcontinueduntilAlliedforcescrossedtheRiverSeineonAugust19.(3)Thebattlebeganmonthsbeforetheinvasion,whenAlliedbombersbegantopoundtheNormandycoastandfarthersouth,todestroytransportationlinks,anddisrupttheGermanarmy’sbuild-upoftheirmilitarystrength.Morethan300planesdropped13,000bombsoverNormandyinadvanceoftheinvasion.Sixparachuteregiments,withmorethan13,000men,alsowentaheadtocutrailroadlines,blowupbridges,andseizelandingfields.Glidersalsobroughtinmen,lightartillery,jeeps,andsmalltanks.(4)WiththeinvasionofNormandy,GeneralDwightD.Eisenhowerfacedataskofmagnitudeandhazardsneverbeforeattempted.Hewouldhavetomovehisforces100milesacrosstheEnglishChannelandstormaheavilyfortifiedcoastline.Hisenemywastheweapon-and-tank-superiorGermanarmycommandedbyErwinRommel,oneofthemostbrilliantgeneralsofthewar.Lessthan15percentoftheAlliedforcescomingaboardtheshipshadeverseencombat.(5)AninvadingarmyhadnotcrossedtheunpredictableanddangerousEnglishChannelsince1688.OncethemassiveAlliedforcesetout,therewasnoturningback.TheAlliesboasteda5,000-vesselarmadathatstretchedasfarastheeyecouldsee,transportingbothmenandvehiclesacrossthechanneltotheFrenchbeaches.Inaddition,theAllieshad4,000smallerlandingcraftandmorethan11,000aircraft.(6)BynightfallonJune6,morethan9,000Alliedsoldiersweredeadorwounded,butmorethan100,000hadmadeitashoreandsecuredFrenchcoastalvillages.Withinweeks,supplieswerebeingunloadedatUtahandOmahabeachheadsattherateofmorethan20,000tonsperday.ByJune11,morethan326,000troops,55,000vehicles,and105,000tonsofsupplieshadbeenlandedonthebeaches.ByJune30,theAllieshadestablishedafirmfootholdinNormandy.AlliedforcescrossedtheRiverSeineonAugust19.(7)MilitaryintelligencewasanimportantpartoftheNormandyinvasion.BritishandAmericancryptographersworkinginLondondecipheredcodedmessagesthattheGermanbelievedtobeunbreakable.MessagescouldquiteoftenbedeliveredtoEisenhowerwithintwoandahalfhoursofthetimetheGermanshadsentit.Inaddition,reconnaissanceteamstookinfraredpicturesofOmahaBeachwhileavoidingGermanpatrols.(8)ThereisnoofficialcasualtyfigureforD-Day.Itisestimatedthatmorethan425,000AlliedandGermantroopswerekilled,wounded,orwentmissingduringthebattle.Thatfigureincludesmorethan209,000Alliedcasualties.Inadditiontoroughly200,000Germantroopskilledorwounded,theAlliesalsocaptured200,000soldiers.CapturedGermansweresenttoAmericanprisoner-of-warcampsattherateof30,000permonth,fromD-DayuntilChristmas1944.Between15,000and20,000Frenchcivilianswerekilledduringthebattle.(9)Intheend,theinvasionofNormandysucceededinitsobjectivebysheerforceofnumbers.ByJuly1944,someonemillionAlliedtroops,mostlyAmerican,British,andCanadian,wereentrenchedinNormandy.Duringthegreatinvasion,theAlliesassemblednearlythreemillionmenandstored16milliontonsofarms,munitions,andsuppliesinBritain.(10)TheoccupationofNormandywascrucialfortheWesternAlliestobringthewartothewesternborderofGermany.IftheNormandyinvasionhadnotoccurred,therecouldconceivablyhavebeenacompletepossessionofnorthernandwesternEuropebySovietforces.1．“Eisenhowerfacedataskofmagnitudeandhazards”because______.A．GermanyhadamorefortifiedcoastlineB．theAlliedhadlesspowerfulweaponC．theAlliedhadmuchfewertroopsD．Germanyhadmorebrilliantgenerals正确答案：B解析：第4段中的复合形容词weapon-and-tank-superior表明德军的武器坦克装备比盟军强大，即盟军的武器装备比德军弱小，因此本题应选B。A中的coastline虽然在第4段有提及，但原文没有对比德军和盟军谁的海岸线防守得更严密，因此A不正确；该段最后一句只提到盟军大多数并没有作战经验，但没有提及盟军和德军谁的士兵比较多(事实上，第7段提到了盟军的士兵人数比德军多得多)，因此C不正确；第4段还提及了德军的著名将领隆美尔，但这不意味着德军的名将比盟军多，所以D也不正确。知识模块：阅读2．ThemassiveAlliedforceincluded5000______.A．tanksB．bombersC．warshipsD．vehicles正确答案：C解析：在第5段第3句中，数字5000后的vessel表明这是5000艘战舰，因此本题应选C。本题的所有选项都可以用作运输工具，但只要抓住原文中的vessel一词，就可以把其他陆地和空中的运输工具排除。知识模块：阅读3．ThecryptographerscontributedtotheNormandyinvasionby______.A．decodingmessagessentbytheGermantroopsB．providingmilitaryintelligencethroughspyingC．encodingmessagestheGermancouldn’tbreakD．takinginfraredpicturesoftheGermanpatrols正确答案：A解析：根据第7段第2句中的decipheredcodedmessages可以确定cryptographers的工作是“破译密码”，因此本题应选A。B后半截的throughspying缺乏原文依据；C没有原文依据；D是该段最后一句提到的是reconnaissanceteams的工作，亦排除。知识模块：阅读(1)Aboutfortyyearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitaryacademyatWoolwich,whenyoungScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehe—why,dearme—hedidnotknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultoseehimstandthereandgiveanswersthatweremiraclesofstupidity.(2)Iknewofcoursethatwhenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbeasimple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.(3)ItookhimasideandfoundheknewalittleaboutJuliusCeasar’shistory.But,hedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Iwenttoworkandtestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,onafewquestionsaboutCeasar,whichIknewhewouldbeasked.(4)Ifyouwillbelieveme,hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,whileotherswhoknewathousandtimesmorethanheweresharplycriticized.Bysomestrange,luckyaccident,hewasaskednoquestionsbutthoseImadehimstudy.Suchanaccidentdoesnothappenmorethanonceinahundredyears.(5)Well,allthroughhisstudies,Istoodbyhim,withthefeelingamotherhasforadisabledchild.Andhealwayssavedhimselfbysomemiracle.(6)Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwouldbethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,Ipushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,IlethimgototheexaminationtoexperiencewhatIwassurewouldbehisdismissalfromschool.Well,sir,trytoimaginetheresult.Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookfirstprize!Andhegotthehighestpraise.(7)Ifeltguiltydayandnight—whatIwasdoingwasnotright.ButIonlywantedtomakehisdismissalalittlelesspainfulforhim.Ineverdreameditwouldleadtosuchstrange,laughableresults.(8)Ithoughtthatsoonerorlateronethingwassuretohappen:Thefirstrealtestoncehewasthroughschoolwouldruinhim.(9)Then,theCrimeanWarbrokeout.Ifeltthatsadforhimthattherehadtobeawar.Peacewouldhavegiventhisdonkeyachancetoescapefromeverbeingfoundoutasbeingsostupid.Nervously,Iwaitedfortheworsttohappen.Itdid.Hewasappointedanofficer.Acaptain,ofallthings!Whocouldhavedreamedthattheywouldplacesucharesponsibilityonsuchweakshouldersashis.(10)Thebattlegrewhotter.TheEnglishandtheiralliesweresteadilyretreatingalloverthefield.Ourregimentoccupiedapositionthatwasextremelyimportant.Onemistakenowwouldbringtotaldisaster.AndwhatdidScoresbydothistime—hejustmistookhislefthandforhisrighthand...thatwasall.Anordercameforhimtofallbackandsupportourright.Instead,hemovedforwardandwentoverthehilltotheleft.Wewereoverthehillbeforethisinsanemovementcouldbediscoveredandstopped.Andwhatdidwefind?AlargeandunsuspectedRussianarmywaiting!Andwhathappened—wereweallkilled?Thatisexactlywhatwouldhavehappenedinninety-ninecasesoutofahundred.Butno—thosesurprisedRussiansthoughtthatnooneregimentbyitselfwouldcomearoundthereatsuchatime.(11)ItmustbethewholeBritisharmy,theythought.Theyturnedtail,awaytheywentoverthehillanddownintothefieldinwilddisorder,andweafterthem.Innotime,therewasthegreatestturnaroundyoueversaw.Thealliesturneddefeatintoasweepingandshiningvictory.(12)Thealliedcommanderlookedon,hisheadspinningwithwonder,surpriseandjoy.HesentrightoffforScoresby,andputhisarmsaroundhimandhuggedhimonthefieldinfrontofallthearmies.Scoresbybecamefamousthatdayasagreatmilitaryleader—honoredthroughouttheworld.Thathonorwillneverdisappearwhilehistorybookslast.4．Accordingtothenarrator,Scoresbypassedtheexamsbecauseof______.A．thenarrator’shelpB．Scoresby’sgoodluckC．Scoresby’shardworkD．theteachers’kindness正确答案：B解析：第4段倒数第2句中的lucky以及该段最后一句和第5段末尾的miracle都表明作者认为Scoresby是因为运气好才能考试及格，因此本题应选B。文章反复提到作者帮助Scoresby，但也多次提到作者认为Scoresby笨到无可救药，由此可见，光靠作者的帮助或老师的仁慈，Scoresby是不可能考试及格的，由此可将最具干扰性的A和D排除。知识模块：阅读5．ThenarratordecidedtohelpScoresby______.A．sothatScoresbywouldnotloseallhisconfidenceB．sothatScoresbycouldstayatschoolaslongaspossibleC．becausethenarratorregardedScoresbyashisownchildD．becausethenarratordidn’twanttoseethestudentslagbehind正确答案：B解析：第2段第1句表明作者不想Scoresby被逐出学校，所以他决定尽力帮助Scoresby以使他能待在学校，由此可见，本题应选B。C试图利用第5段第1句提到的mother，child等词混淆实现，该句只是一个比喻的说法，作者并没有真的把Scoresby看作自己的孩子，因此排除C；A、D无原文依据。知识模块：阅读6．WhatdidthenarratorthinkaboutScoresby?A．Scoresbywouldnevergetoverhisstupidity.B．Scoresbywouldhaveapromisingfuture.C．Scoresby’sstupiditywouldbecompensatedbyhardwork.D．Scoresby’sfailureshouldbeattributedtohislaziness.正确答案：A解析：全文提及作者对Scoresby的多次帮助，但每次帮助之后，作者又觉得Scoresby还是靠运气才通过了考试，可见作者觉得Scoresby无法变聪明，因此本题应选A。文章表明作者对Scoresby毕业后的前途并不看好，B与此观点相反；C中的hardwork和D中的laziness均没有原文依据。知识模块：阅读7．The“firstrealtest”forScoresbywouldbe______.A．hisfirsttalkwithhissupervisorB．hisfirstservicetothecommunityC．hisfirstjobinterviewD．hisfirsttaskasasoldier正确答案：D解析：第1段首句中的militaryacademy表明Scoresby就读的是一间军校，毕业后会当士兵；而且后文继续讲述战争爆发两人上战场的事情，由此可知，作者认为Scoresby毕业当兵后执行第一次任务会毁掉他，因此，本题应选D。知识模块：阅读(1)AsoneofEurope’sleadingculturalcitiesBerlinoffersmanymuseums,historicsitesandotherplacesforamemorablevisit.(2)ManylandmarksremindusofthelonghistoryofBerlin,theremainsofthedestructionduringWorldWarIIandit’shistorywhenitwasdividedbetweeneastandwest.EventhoughBerlinisalargemetropolisorientatingyourselfinBerlinisn’thardatall.Therearethreeprominentlandmarks:theChurchofRemembrance(theGedachtniskirche),locatedintheWestontheKurfiirstendamm,theBrandenburgerTorinthecitydistrictofMitte,andtheFernsehturm(TV-tower)atAlexanderplatzintheEast.RoundandaboutthesethreepointsofinterestlietheinnerdistrictsofBerlin.(3)The365-meterhighTVTowerwasbuiltbetween1965and1969andislocatedinEastBerlin.ItremindsusofthetimewhenBerlinwasdivided.Nowit’sasymbolofaunitedcity.AndasoneofthehighestbuildingsinEuropeitoffersamarvellousviewofthecitybothduringthedayandnight.Youcanvisittheobservationplatformlocatedataheightof203metersordineattherestaurantwhileenjoyingtheview.(4)TheBrandenburgGate,Berlin’sonlyremainingcitygate,isthemostknowntownlandmarkandalsosymbolofthedivisionandreunionofthecity.Itwassituatedinthenoman’slandjustbehindthewallandreopenedaftertheFalloftheWallonDecember22,1989.Thesandstoneconstruction,builtfrom1788-1791toplansbyC.G.Langhans,has12DoriccolumnsandisbasedonthepropylaeumoftheAcropolisinAthens.(5)In1891-1895,inanew-Romanesquestyle,theoriginalGedachtniskirchewasbuilttohonourthememoryofKaiserWilhelmIandrepresentedasymboloftheeraoftheGermanEmpire.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,thechurchwasheavilydamagedbutnotcompletelydestroyed.Theremainingruinsremindedthelocalpopulationaboutthebombingsofthewarandweretransformedintoasmallmuseumandintoamemorial.In1961-1963,nexttothechurch,thehighsix-sidedbelltowerandtheflateight-sidedmainbuildingwerebuilt.Theoldtowerruinsservetodayasachurchmuseumandaremembrancehallforpeaceandreconciliation.(6)TheReichstagisaveryimportantsiteinGermanhistory—itscolourfulpastreflectstheturbulenceofGermanhistorysincethe19thcentury.TheReichstagwasconstructedfrom1884-1894byPaulWallot,sincearepresentativebuildingwasneededtohousetheparliamentofthenewly-foundedGermanstate.OnNovember9,1918,thepoliticianPhilippScheidemannannouncedtheestablishmentoftheRepublicfromoneofitswindows.Afterthewar,thedevastatedbuildingwasrebuiltinasimplifiedformfrom1961-1971,butitwasnotusedforparliamentaryfunctions.Afterreunification,theGermanFederalGovernmentdecidedtousethebuildingasaparliamentonceagain.From1994-1999theReichstagwasreconstructedandextendedbytheArchitectSirNormanForster.Since1999theReichstagishometotheBundestag(thelowerParliament).(7)TheBerlinWallwasoriginallyonehundredmileslongandwasconstructedbytheCommunistgovernmentoftheformereast.AllthatislefttodayareafewsectionsofthewallneartheOstbahnhofandtheReichstag.ThesesectionshavebeenpreservedtoremindBerlinersofthe28-yeardivisionoftheircity.TheremnantsoftheBerlinWallnowserveasanoutdoorgalleryofartfromlocalandcityartists.8．BeforethereunionofBerlin,theBrandenburgGate______.A．wastheonlygatewaytoBerlinB．wastheonlycitygatenotdestroyedbywarC．becamealmostaruininaccessibletovisitorsD．signifiedtheborderofEastBerlinandWestBerlin正确答案：D解析：从第4段第2句描述的勃兰登堡门位于柏林墙后可以推断它就在东、西柏林的分界线上，由此可见，D为本题答案。A没有原文依据：第4段第1句只提到了onlyremainingcitygate，没有提到其他门在什么时候以什么方式被毁掉，因此B不正确：C的前半部分没有原文依据，第4段第2句提到它在东西德国统一后才重新开放，这不意味着它当时是废墟不能开放了。知识模块：阅读9．WhatistrueabouttheBerlinWall?A．ItlastedfromtheendofWWIIto1976.B．Itspannedfromsometimein1961to1989.C．ItsymbolizedthecollapseoftheRepublic.D．Ithasbeentotallyremovedafterthereunion.正确答案：B解析：从第4段第2句提到的勃兰登堡门重开的时间和最后一段第3句提到的德国分裂的持续时间可以推断德国从1961年开始分裂，到1989年统一，柏林围墙的存在从德国分裂到统一共28年，因此应选B。知识模块：阅读10．ThepassagemainlydescribesBerlinfroma______viewpoint.A．culturalB．politicalC．historica