山东省烟台市栖霞西城镇中学2022年高三英语期末试题含解析

山东省烟台市栖霞西城镇中学2022年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.一IhappenedtomeetLilyyesterday.一Luckydog!You_____eachotherforexactlytwoyears.A.haven'tseenB.hadn'tseen

C.didn'tsee

D.don'tsee参考答案：B2.Hemustbehelpingtheoldmantowatertheflowers,________?A.ishe

B.mustn’the C.musthe

D.isn’the参考答案：D3.Youcancloseyoureyesandimaginelyingonthebeachinthesunshine____yourselfrelaxed.A.making B.tomake C.made D.make参考答案：B4.Althoughtheeconomyisbad,thereisnoexcusefortherestaurant________substandardmaterial.

A.touse

B.beingused

C.using

D.tobeused参考答案：C5.__hisgraduationfromhighschool．WilliamtookabreakfromhisstudiestovisitSouthAmericaandAfrica．A．During

B．In

C．On

D．At参考答案：C6.AsforourseniorsinWestLakehighschool,wehavereachedapointinourlife______wearesupposedtomakedecisionsofourown.A.which

B.where

C.what

D.that参考答案：B7.Solittle___aboutsciencethatthelecturewas___myunderstanding．A．Iknew;over

B．knewI;beyondC．didIknow;over

D．didIknow;beyond参考答案：D12.—I’mdrivingtoBeijingafterbreakfast.—Takecare,

withallthisfog.A.especially

B.mainly

C.extremely

D.really参考答案：A略9.Scientiststhinkcalculatingisanecessaryskill

theybasetheirresearches.A.onit B.onthat C.onwhich D.onwhose参考答案：C考查定语从句。句意：科学家认为计算是一种依据他们的研究为基础的必须技能。baseon....意为“依据......为基础”。10.Simonmadeabigbamboobox_______thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keep

B.

kept

C.keeping

D.tokeep参考答案：D11.______sideofthestreetislinedwithdifferentshops,

______ofwhichsellelectronicproducts.A.Both;both

B.Either;allC.Neither;either

D.Either;both

参考答案：B12.Asa________betweenmanagementandlabor,a5%payrisewasagreedtoendthestrike.A.connection B.conception C.compromise

D.consequence参考答案：C13.Youhavealotofreadingsandreports______beforeyougraduatefromthisfirst-ratecollege.A.completing

B.tocomplete

C.completed

D.beingcompleted参考答案：Btocomplete为不定式作后置定语，表示将要完成的事情。complete与readingsandreports为逻辑上的动宾关系。句意：你有许多的阅读和报告要完成才能从这所一流大学毕业。14.—Sometoyshaveverysmallpartsthatchildren

swallow.

—Yeah,andothershaveanunpleasantsmellofplastics.A.could B.must C.should D.shall参考答案：A15.Frankputthemedicineinthetopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbe____tothekids.A.accessible

B.

C.acceptable

D.sensitive

参考答案：A16.---IsBobstillperforming?

---I’mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.

A．tohaveleft

B．toleave

C．tohavebeenleft

D．tobeleft参考答案：.A解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。besaidtohavedone的意思为“据说已经做了某事”。动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。17.---Youseemtobefamiliarwiththiscity.---I

hereforthreeyears．It’sgreattobeback.A．havelived

B．lived

C．hadlived

D.live参考答案：B二、短文改错18.假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该词下面写出该加的词。修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。Generallyspeaking,I’mapersonwhohavetheabilitytocontrolmyself.Whetheratschoolandathome,Icanbeawareofthedosanddon’tsandalwaysfocusonmystudy,soIamtheoneofthetopstudentsinmyclass.Besides,wheneverImeetwithanythingorsomebodyunpleasant,IcancalmdownandonlyinthiswaycanIgetalonggoodwithothers.Ithinkitisdeterminationwhatisofgreatimportanceifyouwanttoimproveyourself-control.Inordercontrolyourselfeasilyandeffectively,youaresupposedtomakesomeruletofollow.Alsoyou’dbetteraskotherstokeepaneyeonyourself,whichmakesthedifferenceinhelpingyouberesponsibletowhatyoudo.参考答案：1.have—has2.and—or3.one前的the去掉4.anything—something5.good—well6.what—that7.order后加to8.rule—rules9.the—a10．to—for【思路点拨】该题重点考查基础知识的应用，注意名词单复数，动词人称，形容词和副词的变化，时态、语态等基础知识。1.定语从句中引导词做主语，谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。故have改为has。【命题立意】考查主谓一致。2.根据前文的whether可判断改为or。whether…or…不管……还是……。故and改为or。【命题立意】考查连词。3.oneofthetopstudents最好的学生之一，不是唯一一个，应去掉the。【命题立意】考查冠词。4.根据题干是肯定句，应用something，anything一般用在疑问句和否定句中。故anything改为something。【命题立意】考查不定代词。5.getonwellwith和……相处融洽，well是副词。故good改为well。【命题立意】考查副词。6.determination后跟定语从句，what不能引导定语从句。故what改为that。【命题立意】考查定语从句。7.inordertodosth为了做某事。故order后加to。【命题立意】考查不定式。8.some一些，修饰可数名词复数，rule是可数名词，应用复数形式。故rule改为rules。【命题立意】考查名词。9.此处应用不定冠词表示泛指，意为“一个”，而非特指。故改为a。【命题立意】考查冠词。10.根据词组beresponsiblefor对……负责。故to改为for。【命题立意】考查介词。19.此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。ForaslongasIcanremember,Ihavebeenverybadatarguingwithpeople．Assoonassomeoneagree

76．

withme,IgetangrybecauseIfeelattacking,likethe

77．

otherpersonisouttoshowthatIamright．Andfor

78．

somereason,Ihatebeingwrong!But

myimmediate

79．

reactionistogetverydefensive．Irisemyvoice,and

80．

IendupsayingsomethingIlaterregret．Needlesstosay,

81．

thewholethingendswithmeblaming

formyself,andthe

82．

otherpersonfeltalienated（疏远的）fromme．This

83．

bothersmeespeciallybecausemymotherdoestheexactlysamethingandIhate

!

84．

Rightnowtheproblemisurgentbecausemyrelationshipwithawonderfulboyfriendisindangerousbecauseofmy

85．

beingafraidofbeingwrong．参考答案：76．agree改为disagree（一有人与我意见不一致）77attacking改为attacked（我感到受了攻击或伤害）78．right改为wrong（别人故意指出我错了）79．but改为so（此处为因果关系,而不是转折关系）80．rise改为raise（“提高声音”用raise及物动词）81．正确。82．去掉blame后面的for,83．felt改为feeling（与前面的blaming一致）84．hate后添加it（it代指“这样做”）85．dangerous改为danger（beindanger为固定搭配）

三、阅读理解20.Scientistshaveidentifiedtheorderofthegeneofthegiraffeforthefirsttimetohelpexplainhowthetallestanimalsonearthdevelopedtheirremarkablylongnecks.Beingagiraffeisnoteasy.Topumpbloodtwometersupfromthechesttothebraincallsforapowerfulheartandtwicethebloodpressureofothermammals.GiraffesalsoneedspecialsafetysystemtoletthembenddownforadrinkandraisetheirheadsagainwithoutfeelingDizzy.Theanimals*uniquebodystructurehaslongbeenapuzzleforbiologists,includingCharlesDarwin.Now,bycomparingthegeneofthegiraffewithitsclosest,theshort-neckedokapi,scientistshavesolvedpartofthepuzzlebystudyingchangesinasmallnumberofgenesresponsiblebothforregulatingbodyshapeandcirculation.Thissuggeststhatthedevelopmentofalongneckandapowerfulheartwenthandinhand,drivenbyalysmallnumberofgeneticchanges.Theinterpretationofthegeneticfactorsbehindthegiraffe'sremarkableheartsystemcouldalsobeinstructiveforhumanhealth,sincetheanimalsappeartoavoidthekindoforgandamageoftenfoundinpeoplewithhighbloodpressure.Themorefundamentalquestionofwhygiraffesdevelopedtheirlongnecksremainsopen,however.Theapparentlyself-evidentideathatitwastoreachever-higherfoodsupplieshasbeenchallengedinthepast20yearsbyacompetingbeliefthatitisactuallyduetocompetitionamongfightingmalesforfemales.Unlikelong-neckedbirds,whichhaveadditionalvertebrae(椎骨)，giraffeshavethesamesevenvertebraefoundinallmammals,althoughtheirsaregreatlyextended.32.Astrongheartisveryimportantforagiraffebecauseit.A.keepsthegiraffesafeindifferentenvironments.B.pumpsbloodtothebrainhighaboveitsbody.C.helpsthegiraffefindadrinkatlowerplaces.D.keepsthebloodpressureatanormallevel.33.Scientistscomparethegeneofthegiraffeandtheshort-neckedokapibecausethelatter.A.hasaquitespecialbodystructure.

B.hasgonethroughfewgeneticchanges.C.isapuzzleworthfurtherstudy.

D.isinthesamefamilyasthegiraffe.34.Whichpossiblycausedthegiraffetodevelopalongneck?A.Itsattemptstoattractfemales.

B.Itsfavoritefoodathighplaces.C.Itsneedtoavoidorgandamage.

D.Itsgreatly-extendedvertebrae.35.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Todescribegiraffesbodystructure.

B.Toexplaingeneticchangesinanimals.C.Tointroduceanewfindingofscience.

D.Tochallengeabeliefoftwentyyears.参考答案：32.B

33.D

34.A

35.C【分析】这是一篇科学研究类报告。文章主要讲了科学家首次识别出了长颈鹿的基因排列顺序，帮助解释了地球上最高的动物怎样形成了它们引人注目的长脖子。【32题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Topumpbloodtwometersupfromthechesttothebraincallsforapowerfulheartandtwicethebloodpressureofothermammals.可知一个强壮的心脏对长颈鹿非常重要是因为要把血液运送到身体上方很高处的大脑，故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Now,bycomparingthegeneofthegiraffewithitsclosest,其中找到线索词closest，可知科学家比较长颈鹿的基因和短颈鹿是因为后者和长颈鹿是同一家族，故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段Theapparentlyself-evidentideathatitwastoreachever-higherfoodsupplieshasbeenchallengedinthepast20yearsbyacompetingbeliefthatitisactuallyduetocompetitionamongfightingmalesforfemales.可知在时光的变迁中，长颈鹿为了吸引雌性，长成了长脖子，故选A。【35题详解】写作意图题。答案定位在第一段Scientistshaveidentifiedtheorderofthegeneofthegiraffeforthefirsttimetohelpexplainhowthetallestanimalsonearthdevelopedtheirremarkablylongnecks.这是文章的主题句，可知这篇文章主要讲了科学家首次识别出了长颈鹿的基因排列顺序，帮助解释了地球上最高的动物怎样形成了它们引人注目的长脖子。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种新的科学发现，故选C。【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题2中需要根据文中第三段Now,bycomparingthegeneofthegiraffewithitsclosest中的线索词closest，可知短薄鹿是长颈鹿的近亲，故选D。21. Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Answerthequestionsaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.

Whenolderhoneybeestakeontasksusuallyhandledbyyoungerbees,agingoftheirbrainsiseffectivelychanged,anewstudyfinds.Thediscoverysuggeststhatinhumans,socialinvolvementoughttobeconsideredinadditiontodrugsasawaytotreatage-relateddementia(痴呆).

“Weknewfrompreviousresearchthatwhenbeesstayinthenestandtakecareoflarvae—thebeebabies---theyremainmentallyableaslongasweobservethem,”explainedGroAmdam,wholedtheresearchatArizonaStateUniversity.“However,afteraperiodofnursing,beesflyoutgatheringfoodandbeginagingveryquickly.”

“Afterjusttwoweeks,foraging(觅食的)beeshavewornwings,hairlessbodies,andmoreimportantly,losethebrainfunction—-basicallymeasuredastheabilitytolearnnewthings,”Amdamsaidinastatement.

Amdamandhiscolleagueswantedtofindoutwhatwouldhappenifthey“asked”theforagingbeestotakecareoflarvalbabiesagain.Tofindout,theyremovedyoungernursebeesfromanest,leavingtheolderforagingbeestofaceachoice:forageorcareforthelarvae.Someoftheolderreturnedtosearchingforfood,andothersswitchedtocaringforthenestandlarvae.Aftertendays,aboutfiftypercentoftheolderbeesthathadchosent