综合商务英语4

LiteratureMadeBy：向文杰，张秀秀，唐聪聪，汪慧Part1

BackgroundsMajorFormsPoetry（诗歌）Prose（散文）

Fiction（小说）Drama（戏剧）POETRY

Readingpoetryisdifferentfromreadingshortstories.

Readersoftenfindpoemsdifficultbecausetheyareusedtohavingstraightforwardmeaningsinwhattheyread.Whenwereadashortstory,orindeedanyworkwritteninprose,themeaningwillusuallybeimmediatelyapparent.Butwhenwereadpoetry,thesituationwillbedifferent.Itistruethatpoetrywillusuallymakesomesense(有某些意义)

orhavesomemeaning，butpoetryismorethanitsprosemeaning.Apoemconsistsofwordsarrangedinlinesofverse(韵文).2.Apoem’srhythm(节奏)andrhyme(韵律),too,whilehavinglittlemeaninginthemselves,mayhelptoreinforce

(强化),thepoem’smeaning.3.Thuspoetryisnottobereadquicklylikeprose,itshouldbereadslowly,carefullyandattentively(聚精会神地)，becauseitwillnotyielditsmeaningallatonce.That’swhatwecallapoetryProseisaformof

language

thatpossessesordinary

syntax(句法)

and

naturalspeechratherthanrhythmicstructure;inwhichregard,alongwithitsmeasurementinsentencesratherthanlines,itdiffersfrompoetry.PROSEWewill

surelyfindoneelementcommontoeveryreader‘sexpectationsbeforeexaminingaworkoffiction——tellastory.

Fiction,then,isanameforstoriesatleastpartially(部分地)imagined.

Thisterm

ismostcommonlyassociatedwithshortstories,dramaandnarrative(叙事体的)poetryInfictionthefactsarenotnecessarilytrueorhistoricallyaccurate,notusuallyhisprimaryconcern.Awriterleadsusintoaworldofhiscreationandmakesusacceptthatwhatishappeninginthestoryistrue.DRAMADramashareswithfictionmanybasiccharacteristics：Employplot，usecharacters，developathemeDramaisalsosimilartopoetryinsomeway：Extensiveuseoftheresourcesoflanguage.Difference:Dramaisdifferentfrombothfictionandpoetryinthatmostplaysarewrittentobeperformedbyactorsonastagebeforeanaudienceratherthantobereadasbooks.i.e.dramaisprimarilydesignedfortheatrical(戏剧的)presentation.

Inthissense，dramaisboththeatreandliterature.Aplaythatisintendedonlytobereadisreferredtoasclosetdrama.Therearenumerous(许多的)

awards

recognizingachievementandcontributioninliterature.Giventhediversity（差异性）

ofthefield,awardsaretypicallylimitedinscope,usuallyon:form,

genre（体裁）,language,nationalityandoutput.AWARDSThe

NobelPrizeinLiterature（诺贝尔文学奖-瑞典）The

NeustadtInternationalPrizeforLiterature(诺伊施塔特国际文学奖-美国)

Literaryprizesforwhichallnationalitiesareeligible（有资格当选的）include:The

ManBookerInternationalPrize（布克国际文学奖-英国）The

FranzKafkaPrize（弗朗茨·卡夫卡奖-捷克）Oneofthefive

NobelPrizes

establishedbythewillof

AlfredNobel

in1895Awardedtoanauthoronthebasisoftheirbodyofwork,ratherthanto,orfor,aparticularworkitself.The

NobelPrizeinLiteratureSince1901awardedannuallytoanauthorfromanycountrywhohasproduced"inthefieldofliteraturethemostoutstandingworkinanidealdirection“Alaureate（获奖者）

earnsa

goldmedal,a

diploma,andasumofmoney.

TheamountofmoneyawardeddependsontheincomeoftheNobelFoundationthatyear.Part2

ImportantWordsinUnitTenNewWords1.behold

[bɪˈhoʊld]tolookatorseesb/sthsee和beholdsee是最常见的，它可以只指用视觉器官，但更经常暗示发现、理解或明白behold更强烈地暗示对已被看见的某物的意识2.bureau

[ˈbjʊroʊ]adeskwithdrawers(抽屉）andusuallyatopthatopensdowntomakeatabletowriteon3.caterpillar

[ˈkætərpɪlə(r)]毛虫；履带；履带拖拉机.4.Cheshire[ˈtʃeʃɪr]柴郡（英国郡名）

5.duchess[ˈdʌtʃɪs]

n.thewifeofaduke/awomanwhohastherankofaduke(公爵）

6.hearth[hɑ:rθ]areainfrontofafireplace灶台，炉边；

（高炉的）炉膛，炉缸；

〈比喻〉家庭；

壁炉地面

7.hedge[hɛdʒ]树篱(保护措施，防止损失的手段‘尤指金钱’）[fence,wattle]

8.nibble

[ˈnɪbəl]taketiny(verysmallinsizeoramount)bitesofsth.啃，一点一点地咬（吃）[bite,gnaw(nɔ)]9.pebble

[ˈpɛbəl]卵石；砾石.10.predicament

[prɪˈdɪkəmənt]difficultorunpleasantsituation,esp.oneinwhichsb.isuncertainwhattodo(困境，窘况)[strait,dilemma]11.scamper

[ˈskæmpɚ]runquicklyandoftenplayfullyaschildrenandsomesmallanimalsdo蹦蹦跳跳地跑，惊惶奔跑

Part3Theintroductionofamovie

AliceinWonderland爱丽丝梦游仙境第一版的封面(1865)作者查尔斯•路德维希•道奇森（CharlesLutwidgeDodgson）以笔名路易斯•卡罗（LewisCarroll）出版的儿童文学作品。插图JohnTenniel出版地英国语言英语类型儿童文学出版商MacmillanPublishers出版日期1865媒介Print下一部作品爱丽丝镜中奇遇。《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是一个典型“荒唐文学（Literarynonsense）”的例子Alice'sAdventuresinWonderland第七章：疯狂下午茶（AMadTeaParty）第八章：女王的槌球场（TheQueen'sCroquetGround）第九章：假甲鱼的故事（TheMockTurtle'sStory）第十章：龙虾方块舞（LobsterQuadrille）第十一章：谁偷了馅饼（WhoStoletheTarts?）第十二章：爱丽丝的证明（Alice'sEvidence）爱丽丝（Alice）ListofminorcharactersintheAliceseries：白兔先生（WhiteRabbit）三月兔（MarchHare）红心女王（theQueenofHearts）毛毛虫（theCaterpillar）睡鼠（Dormouse）柴郡猫（CheshireCat）疯帽子（MadHatter）矮胖子（HumptyDumpty）渡渡鸟/度度鸟（Dodo）爱丽丝梦游仙境(1951年电影)，1951年迪士尼公司发行的动画电影。爱丽丝梦游仙境，2010年迪士尼公司发行的3D动画电影。Background《爱丽丝梦游仙境》于1865年出版。故事原形乃是1862年7月4日，作者与鲁宾逊·达克华斯（ReverendRobinsonDuckworth）及三位女孩于泰晤士河（RiverThames）同游。三位女孩当中，有一位名叫爱丽丝·李德尔（AliceLiddell）；她们的父亲正是兼任牛津大学副校长、ChristChurch教长及威斯敏斯特学校（WestminsterSchool）校长的亨利·乔治·李德尔（HenryGeorgeLiddell）。他们由牛津附近的FollyBridge开始，划船到五哩外一条名叫Godstow的村庄。途中，他们为了消磨时间，道奇森就在船上向三位女孩讲了一个应她们要求“越荒诞越好”的幻想冒险故事，而故事的主角正好就是三姊妹之中的二女儿爱丽丝·李德尔。Part4Listening

Task3答案A.

1)F2)F3)T4)T5)T6)T原文：

Alice’sAdventureinWonderlandAlicesatnoddingsleepilyonamossybankbesideherbigsister,whowasreading.Presentlyapink-eyedwhiteRabbitranby,lookingatitswatchandcrying,"Ohdear-Ishallbelate!"AliceboundedaftertheRabbit,acrossafieldandintoaholeunderahedge.

AndAlicefoundherselfinalonghallofmanydoors,alllocked.Onatablewasagoldenkeywhichfittedthesmallestdoor,onlyfifteenincheshigh.PresentlytheRabbitenteredand,seeingAlice,fledindismay,droppinghisglovesandfan.Alicepickedthemupandbegantofanherself.Soonshewasonlytwofeethighanddroppedthefaninafright.Runningintothewood,shesatdownbesideamushroomtorest."WhatcanIdoforyou?"askedavoice.Alicelookedup,andontopofthemushroomsatablueCaterpillar,smokingapipe.

TheDuchesssatrockingalittlepiginherlap,theCookwassprinklingquantitiesofpepperintoakettleofsoup,andaCheshireCatonthehearthgrinnedfromeartoearather.NewWordsMossyadj.苔藓覆盖的Bankn.岸；堆；浅滩；斜坡Boundvi.跳跃着跑n.跳跃adj.准备前往…的；正在前往…的

Sensationn.感觉；知觉；感觉能力；觉察Dismayn.惊愕；vt.使惊愕Gloven.手套Frightn.惊吓Thereuponadv.随即；于是；在其上

Mushroomn.蘑菇；蘑菇状的东西vi.采蘑菇Pipen.管子；烟斗；一斗烟

Duchessn.公爵夫人；女公爵Sprinklevt.洒；撒vi.轻轻洒落n.少量Peppern.胡椒粉；甜椒；胡椒Kettlen.水壶；锅Hearthn.壁炉炉床Grinvi.露齿而笑n.露齿的笑B：1)aholeunderahedgeAliceboundedaftertheRabbit,acrossafieldandintoaholeunderahedge.

2)intoalongpassageAfterrunningthroughtheholeadistanceshesuddenlysteppedoffintospaceandbegantofall.

Alicewaswonderingwhethershewouldstopattheearth'scenterwhen,bump!