IP咖啡第二期：专利池与技术标准

WillardK.TomFebruary18,2013AU.S.PerspectiveonHuaweiv.IDC:WhatChineseCompaniesNeedtoKnowAboutAntitrustandStandard-SettingintheU.S.WhatthePatentTrollProblemIsandIsNotNothingwrongwithbuyingriceorcopperfromatraderinsteadoffromafarmerorminer.EfficienciesfromsecondarymarketsTheproblemscomefrom:Patenthold-upTheabsenceofmutuallyassureddestruction2PatentHoldupintheStandard-SettingContextPatenthold-up:leveragegainedfromlock-in3Patenthold-up:

First-levelProposedSolutions4DisclosurerequirementsEx-antebargainingRAND/FRANDTheProblemsWithFRANDWhatdoesFRANDmean?Areinjunctions/exclusionordersavailable?When?Whatroyaltyordamages?Processfordetermining?Scopeofgrantbacks?DoesFRANDcommitmentrunwiththepatent?“Privateering”Howisitenforced(defense,breach,antitrust)?Patenttrollsmakealloftheseproblemsworse.ThePatentTrollProblemContrastHuaweiv.InterdigitalwithHuaweiv.ahypotheticalcompetitor“Ifyouenjoinme,I’llenjoinyou”doesn’tworkanymore.Theriskofexorbitantdamagesorroyaltiesrunsonlyinonedirection.Bargainingtakesplaceagainstabackdropofwhatthecourtsorothergovernmentalinstitutionswilldo.Massdemandlettersplayonthecostanduncertaintyoflitigation.Governmentsarefinallycomingtogripswiththeseissues.ButU.S.courtsandagenciesarealsoconsciousoftheneedtorewardrealinventors.6Patenthold-up:

Injunctions7eBayv.MercExchange:irreparableinjuryinadequateremediesatlawbalanceofhardshipspublicinterest“BycommittingtolicenseitspatentsonFRANDterms,Motorola...implicitlyacknowledgedthataroyaltyisadequatecompensation....”“rms...whetherthepatenteeseekstoleverageitspatent...beyondthatwhichtheinventivecontributionandvalueofthepatentwarrant”Patenthold-up:

ITCExclusionOrders8FederalCircuit:eBaydoesnotapplytoITCFTC:ITCshouldconsiderwithholdingexclusionorderinthepublicinterestITCresponseAccordingtoapublishedreport,theChairmanoftheITC,inresponse,wrotealettertotheChairmanoftheFTC,stating:“Section337providesthattheCommission'shall'imposetheremediesspecifiedunderthestatuteunlessthepublicinterestfactorssetforththereincounselotherwise.

...[U]nliketheCongress,wedonotpromulgatesubstantivepoliciestobeappliedinadjudicatingSection337cases.”9Patenthold-up:

ITCExclusionOrders10FTCstatementstoITCTestimonyofCommissionerEdithRamirezbeforetheSenateJudiciaryCommitteePatenthold-up:

ITCExclusionOrdersDOJ/PTOPolicyStatementUSTRorderoverrulingITCFTCEnforcementRobertBoschGmbH12IntheMatterofMotorolaMobilityLLCDOJEnforcement?“IsitpotentiallyaviolationofSection2whenaF/RAND-encumberedSEPownerexercisesthemonopolypowerthatheorsheacquiredthroughparticipationinthestandard-settingprocessinbreachoftheSEPowner’sF/RANDcommitment?”“Thisisanissuethatwecontinuetolookatandencouragemembersofthebarandacademiatodosoaswell.”13Patenthold-up:

Damages&RoyaltiesWhatdoesFRANDmean?ArguesforexantestandardPatenthold-up:

Damages&RoyaltiesApril25,2013:JudgeRobartinSeattlesetsaRANDroyaltyrateinMicrosoftv.MotorolaMobility15February10,2014:TrialstartsinLSIv.Realtek,whereajuryisbeingaskedtodeterminethereasonableroyaltyPatentHoldupOutsidetheStandard-SettingContextSheernumberMinorfeaturesDefensiveuseofSEPs16TheGlobalDimension17OnFebruary4,2013,theShenzhenIntermediatePeople'sCourt...determinedthat...theroyaltiestobepaidbyHuaweiforInterDigital's2G,3Gand4GessentialChinesepatentsunderChineselawshouldnotexceed0.019%oftheactualsalespriceofeachHuaweiproduct....TheGlobalDimensionMorethan100countriesorjurisdictionswithantitrustlawsJurisdictionbasedoneffectsAttackinoneplacemaybemetwithcounterattackinanotherPatentsuitinChina,antitrustsuitinU.S.PatentsuitsinU.S.,antitrustsuitsorgovernmentinvestigationsinE.U.&China18TheFTC’s6(b)StudyFTCstudyofPatentAssertionEntitiesjustbeginningWillusecompulsoryprocesstoobtaindocumentsandinformationContoursofstudywereputoutforpubliccomment19RPX&groupboycottrisksSony/Soundview(V-chip)Noinjury—non-infringementGoldenBridge/Motorola(mobilephones)Summaryju