高中英语阅读解题策略课件

高中英语阅读专题

ReadingComprehensionHowItacklethisBy:NANA众说周知，得阅读、完形者得天下！文章看没看懂不重要，关键是要选对！阅读理解题的特点1）所选材料来源与实际生活，而且使用语言地道。2)体裁常见的有记叙文，说明文；议论文和应用文等3)题材广泛包括了政治、经济、文化、科普、人物、故事、社会现象、地理风情，新闻报道等内容4)高考阅读理解的阅读理解一般由五篇文章组成，词汇量一般不少于1,000字，其中生词量一般不超过3%。a.主旨大意型b.事实细节型c.词义猜测型d.推理判断型常考的题目类型主要有以下4种如何快速阅读将阅读重点放在首尾部分，中间部分则可采用略读或扫读的方式，一则省时间二则目标明确具体解题策略1.首先读第一段的前两句和最后两句（概括段意）2.读中间段的前两句（概括段意）3.读最后一段的前两句和最后两句。（练习首段推出中心思想）4.通过上述内容，推出全文的要点。2013广东高考真题（1）Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein,inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive,tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom,afour-year-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethrough

severaloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination.（2）Tomlovedtopretend,andheparticularlylovedtoplaysuperheroes,DrEpsteinexplainedthatitwasactuallyabrilliantwayforhisyoungmindtohandletheterrifyingandpainfullifeheled.

（3）Thedaybeforehisthirdtriptotheoperatingroom,Tomwasterriblyafraid.”MaybeIcouldgoasSuperman,”hewhisperedtohismom.Hearingthis,themotherhesitatedforawhile.Shehadavoidedbuyingtheexpensivecostume(戏装)，butfinallysheagreed.

（4）ThenextdayTomappearedasthepowerfulSuperman,showingoffthroughthehospitalhallsandcoollywavinghishandtothepeoplegreetinghimalongtheway.AndTom,withthestrengthofhisfantasy,successfullymadeitthroughtheoperation.

（5）Thepowerofimaginationneednotbereservedforchildrenonly.weallhavethepowertouseourfantasiestoattemptthingsweneverthoughtpossible,togothroughthosethingsthatseemimpossible,andtoachievewhatweneverbelievedwecould,JustasDr.Epsteinputsit,”Ifyoucandreamit,youcandoit”（6）Itdoesn'tmeanthatyoushoulddressasasuperheroforyournextjobinterview.But,nexttimeyouaretestedinawaythatseemsimpossible,imaginewhatitwouldtaketoovercomeit.Becomethepersonyouneedtobecometowinoveryourchallengeanddoitinyourmindfirst.So,letyourimaginationrunwild,anddaretodream.26.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A..HewasseriouslyillB.Hewasadishonestboy.C.HewascrazyaboutmagicD.HewasDr.Epstein’spatient

27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTom’smother?A..ShewasarichladyB.SherefusedTom’srequestC.ShewantedTomtobeasuperheroD.ShewantedtogetTomthroughthepain解析：D推断题。由第三段第三四句Hearingthis,themotherhesitatedforawhile.Shehadavoidedbuyingtheexpensivecostume(戏装),finallysheagreed.可知，她并不富有，但最终还是同意了Tom的请求，为他购买昂贵的戏装，由此推断，她是希望Tom能度过痛苦关。由hadavoidedbuyingtheexpensivecostume可排除选项A；由finallysheagreed可排除选项B；她同意为他购买昂贵的戏装其目的不是希望他真正成为超人，故排除选项C。28.WhenTomwentforthethirdoperation,he.A.pretendedtobepainfulB.actedlikeasuperheroC.appearedinpoorspiritsD.arguedwithhismother解析：B细节题。由第四段第一句TomappearedasthepowerfulSuperman,showingoffthroughthehospitalhallsandcoollywavinghishandtothepeoplegreetinghimalongtheway可知，他的行为就像是一个超人。29.Inthelastparagraph,youareadvised.A.togothroughsomedifficulttestsB.towakeupfromyourwilddreamsC.tobecomeapowerfulpersoninyourmindD.towearexpensiveclothesforjobinterviews解析：细节题。由最后一段的第一句可排除选项D；选项A(经历一些困难的测试)和B(从不羁梦中醒来)含文中的一些字眼，其实是断章取义；由第三句Becomethepersonyouneedtobecometowinoveryourchallengeanddoitinyourmindfirst可知，选项C(要成为一个内心强大的人)正确。30.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Totellusaninterestingstory.B.Tohelpusmakerightdecisions.C.Toadviseustocareaboutchildren.D.Toencourageustouseourimagination.解析：D目的题。由文章首句Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.可全文末句So,letyourimaginationrunwild,anddaretodream可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们运用我们的想象力。

能力+思维<>加大思维比例能力欠缺的情况下解题思路(1)不要试图从原文去“得到”答案。(2)原文的作用：哪个选项是肯定不对的

哪些选项可能正确(3)答案是比出来的，不是从原文中去得出来的。考场上什么最重要？？？？

快速选出答案!

AB中心思想题型，快速答对原则比较原则：

注意：该原则只能用在选项有共同点，且待选选项都与原文沾边，但是较难排除的情况例：（题目不用看了）A.如何使用幽默

B.演讲中加入幽默

C.不同的幽默战术

ABC三个选项都是与原文沾边的待选答案，那么按A推B原则，BC都可说明A“如何使用幽默”，但A并不能证明使用幽默代表着在演讲中加入，或者变成战术，所以直接选A。范围最大原则下面我们看例题（北京卷）：例1：ThispassageismainlyaboutA．TeacheroftheYear2004intheUnitedStates（描述一个老师）B．MsMellor’sEnglishteachinginstruction（他是英语老师）C．MsMellor’steachingskillsoflearningEnglish（教英语技巧的老师）D．praisestoMsMellorfromotherteachers（得到表扬的老师）我们看BCD选项都能证明A对（描述一个老师），那么就直接选A，我们不要管为什么，也不必从原文去验证。从范围最大角度上说，A的范围最大，所以也选A。用信息为零原则来看，当把共同点去了（老师），A选项信息为零，所以A放在任何文章都能成立。例Thistextismostprobablywrittenby______.A.aspecialistinteenagerstudies（研究青少年的专家）B.aheadmasterofamiddleschool（中学校长）C.aparentwithteenagechildren（青少年的家长）D.adoctorformentalhealthproblems（治疗精神疾病的医生）

如果看原文可知道只有A选项与原文沾边，但是对原文不理解的话，大家可看出A选项范围最广，含义最虚。Practice照抄原文的不是答案同义替换的通常是答案Tanni’senduringsuccesshadbeenpartmotivation(动机),partpreparation,“ThetrainingIdothatenablesmetobeagoodsprinter(短跑运动员)andenablesmetobegoodatmarathontoo.Itrain50weeksoftheyearandthatkeepsmepreparedforwhateverdistanceIwanttorace….Iamstillcompetingataveryhighlever,butasIgetolderthingsgetharderandIwanttoretirebeforeIfallapart.”58.Theunderlinedword“that”inthe5thparagraphrefersto_______.

A.fiftyweeks’trainingB.beingagoodsprinterC.trainingalmosteverydayD.partmotivationandpartpreparation

（此题容易错选A，但正确答案是C，怎样避开陷阱？）36.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Hisuniversityeducationfocusedonthetheoreticalknowledge.他的大学教育专注于理论知识B.Hisdreamatuniversitywastobecomeavolunteer.他在大学的梦想是成为志愿者

C.Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.为世界做贡献他很自豪D.HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.他为学习英国文学而光荣(2014广东高考)B=C选项对比1内容相似都排除35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstothoseinneed.给予需要的人善意

B.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytoofferittoothers.传递善意

C.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstostrangerstheymeet.给予陌生人善意

D.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytopayitbacktothegiver.回馈善意(2014广东高考)A=C2内容相反取其一26.theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen______.A.theoffertheirhelpB.theyreceiveothers’helpC.theyfeelothers’kindnessD.theyshowtheirweakness（2011广东高考）B><C36.Whenhefirstmettheauthor,David.A.feltalittleexcitedB.walkedenergeticallyC.lookedalittlenervousD.showedupwithhisteacher(2013广东高考)A><C总结速读技巧1.首先读第一段的前两句和最后两句（概括段意）2.读中间段的前两句（概括段意）3.读最后一段的前两句和最后两句。（练习首段推出中心思想）4.通过上述内容，推出全文的要点。快速判断答案技巧AB原则范围最大化原则排除法技巧1.意思相似都排除2.意思相反取其一2014实战SamuelOsmondisa19-year-oldlawstudentfromCornwall,England.Heneverstudiedthepiano.However,hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicianssuchasChopinandBeethovenjustafewminutesafterhehearsthem.Helearnsapieceofmusicbylisteningtoitinparts.Thenhethinksaboutthenotesinhishead.Twoyearsago,heplayedhisfirstpieceMoonlightSonata（奏鸣曲）byBeethoven.Hesurprisedeveryonearoundhim.Amazedthatherememberedthislonganddifficultpieceofmusicandplayeditperfectly,histeacherssaySamuelisunbelievable.Theysayhisabilityisveryrare,butSamueldoesn’tevenrealizethatwhathecandoisspecial.Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewishofhisparents,butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now,hestudieslawandmusic.Samuelcan’tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised.“Igrewupwithmusic.Mymotherplayedthepianoandmyfatherplayedtheguitar.Abouttwoyearsago,Isuddenlydecidedtostartplayingthepiano,withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome---Ihearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind---eachandeverynote,”saysSamuel.Recently,Samuelperformedapieceduringaspecialeventathiscollege.Thepiecehadmorethanathousandnotes.Theaudiencewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformance.Heisnowlearningapiecethatissodifficultthatmanyprofessionalpianistscan’tplayit.Samuelsaysconfidently,“It’sallaboutsupermemory---IguessIhavethatgift.”However,Samuel’sabilitytorememberthingsdoesn’tstopwithmusic.Hisfamilysaysthatevenwhenhewasayoungboy,Samuelheardsomeonereadastory,andthenhecouldretellthestorywordforword.Samuelisstillonlyateenager.Hedoesn’tknowwhathewantstodointhefuture.Fornow,heisjusthappytoplaybeautifulmusicandcontinuehisstudies.26.WhatisspecialaboutSamuelOsmond?

A.Hehasagiftforwritingmusic.

B.Hecanwritedownthenotehehears.

C.Heisatopstudentatthelawschool.

D.Hecanplaythemusicalpiecehehears.27.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A.Samuelchoselawagainstthewis