2021-2022学年上海高二下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

上海市进才中学2021学年第二学期期末练习

高二英语

I.ListeningComprehension（25分）

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

LA.6:45.B.6:15.C.5:45.D.5:30.

2.A.Ordersometakeoutfromarestaurant.

B.Makeamealbythemselves.

C.Gooutandfindsomethingtoeat.

D.Visittheirfriends9houseandhaveamealtogether.

3.A.Husbandandwife.B.Bossandsecretary.

C.Customerandwaitress.D.Passengerandattendant.

4.A.Johnnydevoteslesstimebutgainsmoreachievements.

B.Mandydoesn'tcontributeallherenergytoherwork.

C.Mandycan'treachthetopevenifshebecomesmoreattentive.

D.Johnnyisnolongerunreachable.

5.A.Thetimetofinishthereportissolimited.

B.Thedeadlinewillbesurelyextended.

C.Staffwanttoassignsomeextrataskstostudents.

D.StudentsshoulduploadtheirinformationbythemselvesbeforeDecember22nd.

6.A.Hewongreatpopularity.B.Hegothurtintheperfbnnance.

C.Hedidn'tdoagoodjob.D.Heamazedhisfans.

7.A.Gobacktoapplyforthejobagain.B.Thinkaboutwhethertoquitthejob.

C.Getsometrainingbeforequittingthejob.D.Applyforanotherpart-timejob.

8.A.Hewasslightlyhurtintheaccident.

B.Hewasluckilysavedbythedoctor.C.Hewaslookingforwardtohisfriend'shelp.

D.Heshouldtakealongerbreakbecauseofhisinjury.

9.A.Marywasdismissedbythecompanyforsomeprivateaffairs.

B.TheimmigrationofMary'sfamilywassuchanemergency.

C.Maryquitherjobregardlessofherworkprospect.

D.Mary'sfamilyforcedhertogiveupherworkforthefamily.

10.A.Thewomanistheman'sboss.

B.Themanwantstobeassuccessfulasthewoman.

C.Thewomankeepsabalancebetweenworkandfamily.

D.Thewomanishumble.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedsomequestionsonthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandthe

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswer

tothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Queenstown.B.Melbourne.C.NewSouthWales.D.Sydney.

12.A.Australiahasneverbeenstruckbybushfiresbefore.

B.ResidentsinNoosaaremoreaccustomedtofloodsratherthanflames.

C.CoffsHarbourissufferingthebiggestfireinAustralia.

D.Thebushfireshavebeenextinguishedwiththehelpoffirefighters.

13.A.Thesummerseason.B.Thelackofawareness.

C.Thedensityofforests.D.Theweather.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Exerciseleadsonlytomodestweightlosswithoutdietchanges.

BExercisecanmakepeoplelosetheirweightasexpected.

C.Hopingtoloseweightsometimeswouldberuinedduetobadhabits.

D.Peoplecanloseextraweightinanappropriateway.

15.A.Theydidn'tgetanycheck.B.Theywereunwillingtojointheresearch.

C.Theywereheartdiseasepatients.

D.Theywereheavyandyoung.

16.A.Thegroupwhichexercisedmostlostmoreweightthanexpected.

B.Thenon-exercisegroupgainedfivepoundsinweight.

C.Thegroupwhichexercisedmoderatelylostthemostoftheirweight.

D.Thethreegroupsalmosthavenodistinction.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Onlyhecanmanagetodothat.

B.Ourplanetisnotlargeenoughtosupportusinthefuture.

C.Thatprogramcanmakehimlivebetter.

D.Hethinksitisinspiring.

18.A.Depressing.B.Appealing.C.Exhausting.D.Thrilling.

19.A.Thefutureisincrediblydepressing.

B.Sustainableenergycanbeachievedsoonerorlater.

C.Technologyjustautomaticallyimproves.

D.Thereisnoneedforustospeedupspacetravelprogram.

20.A.Ifnotspeedingup,technologywillslowdownsurely.

B.Technologywasthesameasthegreatcivilizationsinancient.

C.Egyptiansdevelopedtechnologyinmakingthepyramids.

D.Romansforgothowtoimprovetechnologyinwaterways.

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA(15分)

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperfonnofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Chekhov(契科夫)wrotemorethan500shortstories,which,intermsofdepthandartistry,rivalthegreat

novelsofotherwriters.Hewasthefirst1(focus)notonoverblowndrama,butoneverydaylife.Maxim

GorkywrotetoChekhovthatnoonecouldequalhimwhenitcameto2(write)aboutthesimplethings.

“Afterreadingevenyour3(insignificant)story,everythingelseseemscrude,writtennotwithapen,but

withalog.MHereare2ofthemasterstoryteller^must-reads.

1.TheChameleon《变色龙》，1884

AminorepisodeoccursonthemarketsquareofthecityofN:adogbitesthefingerofthegoldsmith

Khryukin.PoliceinspectorOchumelovarrivestosortouttheissue.Atfirst,theinspectorexclaimsthattheanimal

4beputdownanditsownerfined.Butwhenhelearns5thedogbelongstoageneral,his

opinionchanges.Allofasudden,Khryukinis6(blame)forprovokingtheanimal.

OneofChekhov'sfirststories,readbyallschoolchildren,itisahumorouscritiqueofhowpeople'sattitudes

changechameleon-like,depending7whotheyaredealingwith.

2.ManinaCase,1898

Eveninwarmweather,Belikovwearsacoatandcarriesanumbrellainacase.Infact,allhispossessionshave

theirownpersonalcase.Hehideshisfacebehindhiscollar.Suspiciousandparanoid,hecravesorderandneatness

in8.Onlyinhiscoffin9hewearanalmostcheerfulexpressiononhisface.

InRussian,thephrase"maninacase“hasbecomeanidiom,saidaboutpeople]0areafraidtoopen

uptotheworldandlosemanyopportunitiesbyneverleavingtheircomfortzone.

【答案】1.tofocus

2.writing3.mostinsignificant

4.should5.that

6.toblame7.on

8.himself

9.does

10.who##that

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了短篇小说作者契科夫及其必读的两部作品。

【1题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他是第一个不把注意力放在夸张的戏剧上，而是放在日常生活上的人。the+序数

词+n+todo,意为“第几个做……的人/物”，所以空处用不定式做后置定语，故填tofbeus。

【2题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：马克西姆•高尔基写信给契诃夫说，在写简单的事情方面，没有人能与他相提并

论。whenitcomes/cameto…是固定搭配，意为“当谈及到..."，其中to是介词，此处应用动名词做宾

语，故填writing。

【3题详解】考查形容词。句意：即使是读了你最不起眼的故事，其他的一切都显得粗糙，就像不是用笔

写的，而是用木头写的。空处应用形容词修饰名词story,作定语，结合语境和上文“morethan500short

stories”可知，此处是指读了契诃夫最不起眼的故事，应用形容词最高级。insignificant是多音节词，其最

高级是加themost,因前面有物主代词your不再使用定冠词the,故填mostinsignificant1>

【4题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：起初，检查员大声呼喊说这只动物应该被处死，而它的主人应该被罚款。此处表示

"应该”应用情态动词should,与beputdown一起构成谓语，故填shouldo

【5题详解】

考查宾语从句。句意：但是当他知道这只狗是某个将军的时候，他的观点改变了。“thedogbelongs

toageneral”在动词learns后面，是宾语从句，且从句句意完整，不缺少任何成分，应用无任何意义，只

起连接作用的that来引导，故填that。

【6题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：突然之间，Khryukin成了挑衅动物的罪魁祸首。betoblamefbr是固定搭配，意

为“对……负责任；……的罪魁祸首”，故填toblame。

【7题详解】

考查介词。句意：契诃夫的第一个故事，所有的学生都读过，这是一个幽默的批判，批判人们的态度就像

变色龙一样，他们态度的转变取决于他们与谁打交道。dependon是固定搭配，故填on。

8题详解】

考查代词。句意：他多疑和偏执，渴望自身的秩序和整洁。inoneself是固定搭配，意为“自身；本质

上”.主语是he,所以此处应用反身代词himself,故填himself。

【9题详解】

考查倒装句。句意：只有在他的棺材里，他的脸上才带着几乎快乐的表情。only+状语位于句首，主句用部

分倒装，即将助动词/情态动词/be提到主语前面，该句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，且已有

动词wear,主语是第三人称单数he,助动词应用does,故填does。

【10题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：在俄罗斯，“套子里的人”这个短语已经成为一个成语，用来形容那些害怕向世界

敞开心扉，和那些永远不离开自己的舒适区而失去许多机会的人。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是

people,指人，在定语从句中做主语，应用关系代词who或that来引导，故填who或that。

SectionB（15分）

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonlyonce.

Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.chaoticallyB.comparedC.correspondingD.grantedE.numberingF.portion

G.positionH.representI.royalJ.substantiallyK.unlocked

ThemethodbywhichthegreaterpartoftheEgyptianalphabetwas11isthis:TheovalGZJ.or

“cartouche"asitiscalled,alwayscontaineda（n）12name.ThereisonlyonecartoucheontheRosetta

StoneconcerningaPtolemy.IfthecartouchedidcontainthenameofPtolemy,whoruledoverEgypt,thecharacters

initwouldhavethesoundsoftheGreekletters,andthatalltogethertheywould13theGreekformofthe

nameofPtolemy.Ontheobelisk（方尖碑）whichMr.BankeshadbroughtfromPhite（菲莱，埃及一地名），there

isaninscriptionintwolanguages,EgyptianandGreek.IntheGreek14,twosacrednamesare

mentioned,PtolemyandCleopatra,andonthesecondfaceoftheobeliskaretwocartouches.Whenthese

cartoucheswere15withtheoneontheRosettaStone,onecontainedhieroglyphic（象形文字的）

charactersalmostidenticalwiththoseontheRosettaStone.

RosettaStonecsHEnsnObeliskfromPhilaeGSSMIEI

TakingthecartouchessupposedtocontainthenamesofPtolemyandCleopatrafromthePhilseObelisk,and

16thesigns,wehave:

Ptolemy,A.QN34£三6叩［18¥尸）a［X或旦］

Cleopatra,B.

No.1inAandNo.5inBareidentical,andjudgingbytheir17inthenames,theymustrepresentthe

letterP.No.4inAandNo.2inBareidentical,andtheymustrepresenttheletterL.A'sListhesecondletterinthe

nameofCleopatra,No.1/mustrepresentK.

theGreekformofCleopatra,thereare

twovowelsbetweentheLandtheP,18tothetwohieroglyphs,Qand=Eand=O.In

someformsofCleopatra,No.7replacedbyidenticalwithNo.2inAandNo.10inB.A'sT

followsPinthenamePtolemy,asthereisaTintheGreekformofCleopatra,andhave

19thesamesoundofT.IntheGreekfbnnofCleopatratherearctwoa's,thepositionsofwhichagree

withNo.6andNo.9,so瓜canbe20thevalueofA.Substitutingthesevaluesforthehieroglyphsin

B,wemaywriteitasthus:LEOPAT<=>A

【答案】ILK12.I

13.H14.F

15.B16.E

17.G18.C

19.J20.D

【解析】

【导语】这还是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍解锁埃及字母的方法和推断的过程。

【11题详解】

考查语态及过去分词。句意：解锁大部分埃及字母的方法如下：椭圆形（］或所谓的“椭圆形花饰”

总是包含一个皇室名字。根据句意，设空处表示“解锁，揭开”。根据句子结构可知，theEgyptian

alphabet与"解锁”是动宾关系，故用被动语态（bedone）。空前有was,故此处应填过去分词unlocked,故

选K。

【12题详解】

考查形容词。句意：解锁大部分埃及字母的方法如下：椭圆形（］或所谓的“椭圆形花饰”总是包含

一个皇室名字。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填形容词royal,作定语，修饰名词names,表示“皇

家的，王室的”，故选1。

【13题详解】

考查动词原形。句意：如果“椭圆形花饰”确实包含统治埃及的托勒密的名字，那么其中的字符将具有希

腊字母的发音，并且它们将共同代表托勒密名字的希腊字母形式。根据句子结构可知，此处位于would

后，故用动词原形。根据句意，设空处表示“代表，表示”，故填represent。故选H。

【14题详解】

考查名词。句意：在希腊语部分，提到了两个神圣的名字，托勒密和克利奥帕特拉，在方尖碑的第二面是

两个椭圆形花饰。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“在希腊语部分”，故填名词portion。故选F。

【15题详解】

考查语态及过去分词。句意：当将这些椭圆形花饰与罗塞塔石碑上的椭圆形花饰进行比较时，其中一个包

含象形文字的字符与罗塞塔石碑上的字符几乎相同。根据句意，此处表示“比较”。根据句子结构可知，

thesecartouches与"比较"是动宾关系。故用被动语态（bedone）。空前有were,故设空处填过去分词

compared<,故选B。

【16题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：从菲莱方尖碑中拿出应该包含托勒密和克利奥帕特拉名字的椭圆形花饰，并对符

号进行编号，我们得出：Ptolemy,A.

Cleopatra,B.(1&3q响16心为39会10

1。根据句意，此处表

H

示“编号”。根据句子结构及并列连词and可知，设空处应与Taking一致，故用现在分词numbering,作

状语，故选E。

【17题详解】

考查名词。句意：A中的1号和B中的5号是相同的，并且从它们在名字中的位置来看，它们肯定代表字

母P。根据句子结构可知，设空处被形容词性物主代词their修饰，故填名词。根据句意，此处表示“位

置“，故填position。故选G。

【18题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：在Cleopatra的希腊形式中，L和P之间有两个元音，对应于两个象形文字Q和

那么，等于E,f］等于O。根据句意及空后t。可知，此处表示“等同于，与……对应”。根据句

子结构可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。twovowels与“等同于"是主谓关系，故填现在分词

correspondingo故选C。

【19题详解】

考查副词。句意：在托勒密的名字中，A中的字母T在字母p后。r\和uwn在希腊语形式的

Cleopatra中是字母T,并且具有基本相同的T音。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填副词substantially,

作状语，表示“大体上，实质上”，故选J。

【20题详解】

考查语态及过去分词。句意：在Cleopatra的希腊形式中，有两个a,其位置与第6个和第9个一致，因此

长可以被赋予字母A的值。根据句意，此处表示“授予，赋予”。根据句子结构可知，主语篇与“赋

予”是动宾关系，故用被动语态(bedone)。空前有be,故填过去分词granted,故选D。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA(30分)

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrases

markedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthe

context.(A)Wordsworthiscelebratedasthenaturepoetbecauseofhisbeautifuldescriptionsofnatureand

rural/countrysideareas.However,to21hisworktojustanimitationoftreesandflowerswouldbe

immature.

Wordsworthadmirednature/countrysidenotonlybecauseitlookedbeautiful,butbecauseofthesimplicityand

beautythatnature/countrysideprovidedallowedpeopletobein22withtheirsoulandexperiencetrue

beautyinlife.Wordsworthbelievedthatthecitylifemadethemassesdullanddepressed—ithadreducedthemto

23machineswhofailedtoappreciatethesimplebeautyoflife.Hecalledthismentalstatesavagetorpor

（原始麻木）.

24ofthehighlyelevatedtopicsofneoclassical（新古典主义）poetsandtheirover-complicated

language,Wordsworthwanted“tomaketheordinaryextraordinary^^.Wordsworthfound25from

everydayfiguresofeverydaylife.WhetheritbethefamousSolitaryReaperortheDaffodils——Wordsworth's

poetryflowstoadmirethesimplebeautythatexistsindailylife.

ForWordsworth,apoetissimply“amanspeakingtomen,,一afellowhumanjustlikeallofustryingto

communicatehis26andexperienceoftruthandbeauty.27,thepoetdiffersfromregularpeople

becauseofhishighersensitivitytothehappeningsaroundhimandadeeperconnectionwithhisownfeelings,

moodsandemotionsastheyarisein28totheseouterhappenings.

Wordsworthfamously29poetryas“aspontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelingswhichare

recollectedintranquility".Simplyspeaking,thehighlysensitivepoetisabletoexperiencethebeautyofordinary

life,capturehisownemotionsasthey30andisfinallyabletositinacalm,peacefulspacetousehis

imaginationtorecollecttheseemotionsandfinallywriteaboutthem.

Wordsworth31tothebeliefthatthe4€reallanguageofmen”ordinarydailylanguage—should

beusedtowritepoetry.However,Wordsworthrefinedthiscommonlanguagetoapurerformwithoutlosingthe

32ofitssimplicity.

TheEgotisticalSublime（个人崇高）isaconceptwhichsimplymeansthatapoet'sownsubjectiveviewof

truthandbeautyisextremely33tohiswork.Thepoemstheyproduceare34withtheir

ownimaginationandperspectiveonhowtheyperceivethingsaroundthem.Wordsworth'sworksareoftensaidto

beexamplesoftheEgotisticalSublimesincehisownexperienceofthingsiswhathebelievestobeeveryone's

experienceofthings.

Inconclusion,ifIIbesafetosaythosemodern-daypoetswhoholdideaslikeself-expressionandsensitivityso

deartotheirheartstruly_35_____ittoWordsworth'sworkstoreinforceideassosimpleyetsorevolutionary.

21.A.reduceB.relateC.extendD.restore22.A.conflict

B.touchC.cooperationD.proportion

23.A.overworkedB.overestimatedC.overweightD.overnight

24.A.IgnorantB.AwareC.TiredD.Reminded

25.A.inspirationB.contactC.heritageD.loneliness

26.A.perceptionB.qualificationC.concernD.projection

27.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.SimilarlyI).Additionally

28.A.contrastB.referenceC.responseD.parallel

29.A.defineB.dismissC.advertiseD.impose

30.A.ariseB.reflectC.composeD.release

31.A.belongedB.clungC.appealedD.headed

32.A.lackB.essenceC.obligationI),decoration

33.A.resistantB.attachedC.comparedD.relevant

34.A.restrictedB.burdenedC.coveredD.filled

35.A.shiftB.oweC.addD.channel

【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.C25.A26.A27.B28.C29.A30.A31.

B32.B33.B34.D35.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了英国著名诗人华兹华斯对英国诗歌做出的贡献，并介绍了他

对诗歌的理解。

[21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，把他的作品简化为对树木和花卉的模仿是不成熟的。A.reduce减少、简

化；B.relate叙述、相关；C.extend延长；D.restore恢复。根据上文"Wordsworthiscelebratedasthenature

poetbecauseofhisbeautifuldescriptionsofnatureandrural/countrysideareas.可知，华兹华斯因其对自然和

乡村的优美描写而被誉为自然诗人，下文的however出现转折，所以不能简单地认为他的作品只是对树木

的模仿。故选A。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯欣赏自然/乡村不仅仅是因为它看起来很美，而是因为自然/乡村所提

供的简单和美丽让人能够接触心灵，体验到真正的生活之美。A.conflict冲突；B.touch接触；C.

cooperation合作;D.proportion部分、份额。根据下文“experiencetruebeautyinlife”可知，他觉得乡村提

供的简单和美能够让人体验到真正的美，也就是能触及心灵。故选B。

【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯认为，城市生活使大众变得沉闷和沮丧，使他们变成

过度劳累的机器，无法欣赏生活的简单之美。A.overworked过度劳累的；B.overestimated估计过高的；C.

overweight超重；D.overnight一夜之间。根据空后的"machines”可知，和劳作相关。故选A。

【24题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯厌倦了新古典主义诗人高深的主题和过于复杂的语言，他想“让平

凡变得非凡“。A.Ignorant忽视的；B.Aware意识到；C.Tired劳累的、厌倦；D.Reminded被提醒的。根

据下文“Wordsworthwanted"tomaketheordinaryextraordinary"."可知，他有自己的想法，想从平凡中寻求

不平凡。所以他是厌倦了新古典诗人高深的主题和复杂的语言。短语betiredof厌倦了……。故选C。

【25题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯从日常生活中的日常人物中寻找灵感。A.inspiration灵感；B.contact

联系：C.heritage遗产；D.loneliness孤独。根据下文"WhetheritbethefamousRea”，•。厂

Daffodils—Wordsworth'spoetryflowstoadmirethesimplebeautythatexistsindailylife."可知，他的作品都

是源自于生活中的简单之美。所以，他是从日常生活中寻求灵感。故选A。

【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于华兹华斯来说，诗人只是“一个与人交谈的人”个像我们所有人一

样试图传达他对真与美的感知和体验的人类同胞。A.perception感知、观念；B.qualification资格；C.

concern担忧；D.projection规划。根据上文“amanspeakingtomen”可知，诗人是与人交流，也就是会表

达自己对于真和美的感知和体验的感知。故选A.

【27题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，诗人不同于普通人，因为他对周围发生的事情有更高的敏感度，并且与

自己的感受、情绪和情感有着更深的联系，因为它们是对这些外部事件的反应。A.Therefore因此；B.

However然而；C.Similarly相似地；D.Additionally此外。根据下文"thepoetdiffersfh)mregularpeople

becauseofhishighersensitivitytothehappeningsaroundhimandadeeperconnectionwithhisownfeelings,

moodsandemotionsastheyarisein8totheseouterhappenings."中的differfrom可知，存在转折关

系。故选B。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，诗人不同于普通人，因为他对周围发生的事情有更高的敏感度，并且与

自己的感受、情绪和情感有着更深的联系，因为它们是对这些外部事件的反应。A.contrast对比；B.

reference参考；C.response回复；D.parallel平行。根据上文"becauseofhishighersensitivitytothe

happeningsaroundhim”可知，他的敏感度更高，当他的情绪等更容易对外在的事物有反应。故选C。

【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯给诗歌下了一个著名的定义：“一种强烈感情的自然流

露，在宁静中被回忆起来”。A.define下定义；B.dismiss不考虑、解雇；C.advertise做广告；D.impose

推行o根据下文“"aspontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelingswhicharerecollectedintranquility”."可知，这

是对诗歌的定义。故选A。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：简单地说，高度敏感的诗人能够体会到平凡生活的美好，能够捕捉到自己产生

的情绪，最终能够坐在一个平静、平和的空间里，用他的想象力回忆这些情绪，并最终写出它们。A.arise

出现；B.reflect反映；C.compose创作；D.release释放。根据上文的"capturehisownemotions”可知，当

情绪出现时，他会捕捉到这种情绪。故选A。

【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯坚持认为，“人类真正的语言”一一普通的日常语言一一应该用来写

诗。A.belonged属于;B.clung抓住、坚持；C.appealed吸引、呼吁;D.headed前往。根据下文的“the

"'reallanguageofmen'-ordinarydailylanguage-shouldbeusedtowritepoetry.M可知，这是他所坚守的信

念。故选B。

【32题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，华兹华斯将这种普通的语言提炼为一种更纯粹的形式，而没有失去其简

单的本质。A.lack缺乏;B.essence本质；C.obligation责任;D.decoration装饰。根据第二段

“Wordsworthadmirednature/countrysidenotonlybecauseitlookedbeautiful,butbecauseofthesimplicityand

beautythatnature/countrysideprovidedallowedpeopletobein2withtheirsoulandexperiencetrue

beautyinlife.”可知，他崇尚的是一种简单，也就是他认为诗歌的本质是简单。故选B。

【33题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“自我崇高”是一个简单的概念，它指的是诗人自己对真善美的主观看法与

他的作品极其相关。A.resistant抵抗的;B.attached附加的、依附于;C.compared相比之下;D.relevant相

关的。根据下文“Thepoemstheyproduceare14withtheirownimaginationandperspectiveonhow

theyperceivethingsaroundthem.Wordsworth'sworksareoftensaidtobeexamplesoftheEgotisticalSublime

sincehisownexperienceofthingsiswhathebelievestobeeveryone'sexperienceofthings.M可知,他认为诗歌

应该是有诗人自己的想象、看法和见解，所以他认为诗人的主观看法应该和自己的作品相关。短语be

attachedto附属于、与...息息相关。故选B。

【34题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们创作的诗歌充满了他们自己的想象力，以及他们对周围事物的看法。A.

restricted限制;B.burdened负担;C.covered覆盖;D.filled填充。根据上文"TheEgotisticalSublime（个人

崇高）isaconceptwhichsimplymeansthatapoet'sownsubjectiveviewoftruthandbeautyisextremely

—13―tohiswork."可知，诗人的作品应该有自己的主观看法，所以诗人的作品应该是充满了诗人的

想象力。短语befilledwith充满了……。故选D。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：总之，我们可以肯定地说，那些把自我表达和敏感等思想放在心上的现代诗

人，真正应该感谢华兹华斯的作品来强化如此简单而又如此具有革命性的思想。A.shift转变；B.owe归因

于；C.add增加；D.channel频道。短语owesth.tosth.把...归因于、感谢。根据"it'llbesafeto

saythosemodern-daypoetswhoholdideaslikeself-expressionandsensitivity可知，这些人应该感谢华兹华

斯的作品。故选B。

（B）

SincethestartoftheSpaceAge,private-sector（私营部门）leadershavebeenissuingwarningsthata

centralizedmodelwoulddamageprogressonpublicand,especially,commercialprioritiesinspace.Forexample,

RalphCordiner,theone-timeCEOofGeneralElectric,foresawmuchofthespacedevelopmentwhileforcefully

arguingthat,eventually,space's''developmentshallbeunderourtraditionalcompetitive36system.^^

Theeconomiclogicforthecentralizedmodelwasclear,andforseveraldecadesithas37itsgoals.

Publicgoodssuchasnationalsecurity,nationalpride,andbasicsciencearetypically38iflefttothe

market,andNASA（美国宇航局）wasfoundedtoprovidethemduringtheColdWar.Itscommand-and-control

structuregrewnaturallyfromthat39.

Underthismodel,theUnitedStateshasbeentheleadingspacepowerandNASAhasoccupiedthe

technologicalfrontier.ThesuccessoftheApollomissions,includingthe1969moonlanding,inspiredgrand

40ofwhatwouldcomenext.Intheearly1970s,studiesofspacecolonizationanddiversified

space-basedeconomies41.

ButafterthelastoftheApollomissionsin1972,NASA-andthustheUSspacesector-struggledtofinda

second42initsspacescript.PartofthereasonwasthatthetightconnectionbetweentheApolloprogram

andcompetitionwiththeSovietUnionmadeNASA'sbudgetvulnerable（脆弱的）tothesensethatthemissionhad

alreadybeenaccomplished.ApolloastronautBuzzAldrinsaid,“AftertheApollolunarmissions,Americalostits

loveofspace—therewasnoconcentrated43andwedidn'thaveanyclearobjectives”.

WhenNASAdecidedthatitsnextemphasiswouldbeontheSpaceTransportationSystem,betterknownas

theShuttle,itappliedlargelythesame44approachithadusedinthe1960s.Thefirstflightofthe

Columbiaspaceshuttlewasin1981.Successiveshuttleflightsenabledtwodecadesofachievements,includingthe

constructionoftheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）andHubbleSpaceTelescope,which45American

technologicalcompetence.

Aftertwotragicaccidents,withtheChallengershuttlein1986andtheColumbiashuttlein2003,

momentum（势头）turnedawayfromtheShuttleandthecentralizedmodelofspaceit46.Theshuttle

programwascancelledin2011,leavingtheUnitedStatesinthe47positionofnotbeingabletolaunch

humansfromdomesticsoil.

Aninstructivecontrastisprovidedbythe48theUSgovernmenttooktothedevelopmentofthe

commercialsatellitemarket.In1962,CongresscreatedCOMSAT,afor-profit,privatecorporationownedby

commonshareholdersandagroupoftelecommunicationscompanies.NASAwasofficiallychargedwithproviding

49advicetoCOMSAT,andtheagencywasgivenresponsibilityforCOMSAT'slaunches.Theidea

behindthispublic-private50wastoemploytheexpertiseofNASAtojump-startaprivate

communicationssatelliteindustry.Itledtotherapiddeploymentanduse-forbothpublicandprivatepurposes一

ofthevastrangeofsatellitesthatdominatethespaceeconomytoday.

36.A.enterpriseB.employmentC.electricityD.justice

37.A.draftedB.attainedC.recognizedD.estimated

38.A.underprovidedB.underfbunde