大学英语四级考试试卷

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！-好好学习，天天向上大学英语四级考试试卷I.ReadingComprehension(30%)PassageOneE-businessrequiresinstantaneousdecision-makingandKM(knowledgemanagement)hasatremendousroletoplayinachievingthisaswellasqualityfeedback.Real-timebusinesswithoutproperknowledgeandfeedbackinformationquicklyturnsintoreal-timeunsupervisedandvaluelesschaos.Lackofadequateknowledgeflowandcoherentreal-timeviewsofasituationinevitablyleadtodisastrousconsequences.TheinfamousBaringsBankoperatedareal-timefuturesbusinesswithoutreal-timechecksandbalances,anddidnotensureadequatequalityofknowledgeflowsfromthetradingfloortocontrollersandmanagers.Itwastoo-much-too-fastcoupledwithtoo-little-quality-feedbackandinsufficientunderstanding.Therewastoolittlereal-timeknowledgeathandanditturnedoutaspectaculardisaster.ThemissinglinkwasKM.Noseriouse-businesseffortshouldbeundertakenwithoutconsidering,planningandimplementingastrongKMinfrastructure.Real-timeknowledgemustflowfromthosewhohaveittothosewhomustbeabletomaketherightmoveattherighttime.Andthereisnotimetospare.E-businessesmustbeequippedwithinteractiveworkflowtoolsandreal-timebusinessintelligencefeedbackinaclearandunderstandableformat.Peopleinvolvedmusthaveaccesstoallunderlyingdocumentsatalltimesatasnapoftheirfingers.Otherwise,theywillguessratherthanmakeinformeddecisions.1-好好学习，天天向上Orworse,infearofmakingahugemistake,peoplewillmakenodecisionsatall.Takeahomeloanapplicationprocessforexample.Youwouldmostlikelyapplytoanumberofbanksatthesametime.Theywouldobviouslycompeteonpricing,butthebankthatcanmakeyourcreditassessmentfirstandmosteffectively,processthedocumentationandinformyouontheprogresseverystepofthewaywillgetyourbusiness.Therestmaybestuckwithlessdemanding,morerisk-pronecustomers.Thismayaffecttheiroverallprofitability,andabilitytocompeteonpriceandserviceinthefuture.Itcouldputthemoutofbusinessaltogether.Soistherealinkbetweene-businessandKM?Isurelythinkso.1.Accordingtothepassage,indoingE-business,youmust_____.A.makequickdecisionsB.learnmanydisciplinesC.workhardD.knowhowtopromoteyourself2.Astheauthorputsit,beingshortof_____willleadtofailureinE-business.A.supportfromthegovernmentB.sufficientknowledgeflowandaccurateviewsofthesituationC.qualifiedmanagersD.loanfromthebank3.BaringsBankwentbankruptbecause_____.A.itinvolveditselfinthefuturesbusiness2-好好学习，天天向上B.itsmanagerwasnotanexpertC.itfailedtosmooththeknowledgeflowandthefeedbackprocessesD.ofitsslowdecision-makingprocess4.Somemanagersdonotmakedecisionsbecause_____.A.theyarenotprovidedwithsufficientinformationB.theyareslowinthinkingC.theyareverydemocraticD.theyhavelimitedrightsinthecompany5.Whenyouapplyforahomeloan,youtendtochooseabandwhich_____.A.offersthelowestinterestB.islocatedquiteneartoyourhouseC.willkeepyouinformedoftheon-goingsintheprocessD.isbigandfamousPassageTwoJonathonH.Stillman,amarinebiologistatStanfordUniversity,testedtheheattoleranceoffourspeciesofcrabsfoundintheshallowwatersofthePacificOcean.TwoofthecrabspecieswerefromtheOregoncoastandlivedinwatersthatrangefrom47degreesto59degreesintemperature.TheothertwocamefromtheGulfofCaliforniainMexicoandthrivedinwatersof54degreesto86degrees.Livespecimensoftheanimalswereplacedinaquariums鱼缸)whichwereheldataconstanttemperaturejustatthe3-好好学习，天天向上upperthermalrangeoftheirnaturalhabitat.Thecrabswerethenoutfittedwithsensorsthatmeasuredheartbeat.Thetemperatureswereraisedintheindividualaquariumsbyaboutafifthofadegreeaminuteuntiltheanimals'heartbeatstopped.Thisestablishedtheupperthermaltolerancelimitforeachofthespecies.TheMexicancrabsthatlivedinthehottestclimateweretheleastabletoadapttoanincreaseintemperaturesabovethatwhichtheynormallyencounterintheirnaturalhome.TemperaturesinthehabitatofoneofthecrabsoftenreachesdegreesF,buttheanimalsdiedat,lessthanadegreeabovenormal.OneoftheOregonspecieswasacclimatedtoatemperatureof65,butsurviveduntiltheaquariumtemperaturereached87.ThecrabsthatcamefromtheOregoncoastadaptedbesttoariseintemperatureandhadthegreatestcapacitytoincreasetheirheattolerance.6.Thecrabsfromthe_____cansurviveinwaterswithhighertemperature.A.OregonCoastB.AtlanticOceanC.GulfofCaliforniainMexicoD.StateofCalifornia7.Theresearchersstudiedthecrabstofindout_____.A.theirheattoleranceB.theirheartbeatsC.theirlivingstyles4-好好学习，天天向上D.thedifferencesbetweentwospeciesofcrabs8.Theresearchersdidn't_____inthestudy.A.measurethecrabs'heartbeatsB.placethecrabsinaquariumsC.fixsensorsonthecrabsD.raisethetemperatureofthewatergradually9.TheMexicancrabs_____.A.livedinahotterclimateB.liveinwatersof47-59degreesC.hadbetterheattoleranceD.werelesssensitivetothechangeintemperature10.TheOregoncrabs_____.A.livedinahotterclimateB.diedat,lessthanadegreeabovenormalC.onlydiedat87D.hadgreatercapacitytoincreasetheirheattolerancePassageThreeScienceandtechnologyareproductiveforces.Thescientificandtechnologicalrevolutionhasplayedaveryimportantroleinthehigh-speeddevelopmentoftheeconomiesofwesterncountriesincludingtheUnitedStatessincethewar.Rightbeforetheendofthewar,the.achievedprominentbreakthroughsinthethreefieldsofatomicenergy,electroniccomputersandspace5-好好学习，天天向上navigation.Thesethreegreatinventions,togetherwithotherinventionsinmilitaryscope,wereappliedtocivilindustriesinthepostwarperiod,whichhasledtothethirdgreatscientificandtechnologicalrevolutioninman'shistory.Itwasoriginatedfromthe.anditbenefitedthe.most.Thefirstcomputercameintobeingin1945andinthesameyear,thefirstatombombwastested.Soonafterthefirstman-madeearthsatelliteoftheSovietUnionwassentintotheskyin1957,the.launchedherearthsatelliteintotheorbit.Thenthe.startedanunprecedentedApolloprogram,withtheaimofsendingmantothemoonwithinadecade.Theprojectwassuccessfullycarriedoutandin1969,forthefirsttimeinman'shistory,twohumanbeingslandedonthemoon.Itwasthemostremarkabletriumphinthetwentiethcentury.Sciencehasbeengreatlyresponsiblefortheriseonbigbusiness,asithasgivenindustrycertaintechnologicaladvances,suchasassembly-lineproduction,automation.SinceWorldWarⅡ,thecomputerhasproducedmajorchangesinourwayofdoingthings.Computershavealsohelpedsocialscientiststotakeamoreexperimentalviewofhumansandtheiruniverse.11.The.accomplishedthreegreatinventions_____.A.inmilitaryscopeB.forcivilindustriesC.beforetheendoftheWWⅡD.togetherwithBritain6-好好学习，天天向上12.Thethirdgreatscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionwasattributableto_____.A.theapplicationofmanyinventionstocivilindustriesB.AlliedForces'victoryofthewarC.theApolloprogramD.theexpeditionintotheouterspace13.Thefirstatombombwastested_____.A.before1945B.in1945C.in1957D.after195714.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?A.TheSovietUnionfirstsentman-madesatelliteintothespace.B.The.firstsenthumantothemoon.C.Thefirstcomputerwasmadein1945.D.Computerscanhelpsocialscientistsdoexperimentsintheuniverse.15.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.A.TheimportanceofWWⅡB.TheimportantroleofcomputersinexperimentsC.SpacecompetitionbetweenthetwosuperpowersD.TheimpactofscienceonusII.VocabularyandStructure(15%)7-好好学习，天天向上16.Thisproblemis_____aneconomicthanapoliticalone.A.nomoreB.notmoreC.nobetterD.muchmore17.Eventhesmallestbabycan_____itsmotherbyhervoice.A.confirmB.recognizeC.claimD.identify18.Theeggsgotrottenand_____abadsmellthoughtheywerekeptintherefrigerator.A.sentoutB.sentoffC.sentinD.sentaway19.TheSecondWorldWar,_____theearlieroneof1914,promptedpublicconcernaboutthephysicalandintellectualwell-beingofthecountry'shumanresources.A.soasB.aswereC.asdidD.sameas20.AlthoughUncleJohnwassick,hewas_____enoughtohearandseeeverythingaroundhim.A.drowsyB.frightfulC.alertD.dizzy21.Thenewcomerwas_____untilhecoulddisplayhiswisdomandtalent.A.awaitingB.workinghardC.expectingD.bidinghistime22.Thepersonwho_____thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.8-好好学习，天天向上A.originatedB.manufacturedC.generatedD.estimatedD.expanded23.Gradually,theballoon_____outandroseintotheair.A.burstB.stretchedC.enlarged24.Heofferedtoworkoutthe_____,butIneededthemoneymore.A.paymentB.debtC.loanD.cash25.Hisparentsneverintended_____togetherwithhimthoughtheyhopedtoseehimoften.A.liveB.livingC.tohavelivedD.tobeliving26.Intheprocession,twelveguardsonmotorcycles_____thepresident'scar.A.precededB.proceededC.surroundedD.surpassed27.Therevenue_____fromtourismcanbecertainlyincreasedinthenexttenyearsprovidedthatthebusinessisproperlyorganized.A.derivedB.derivingC.tobederivedD.havingderived28.Ifoundmanychildrenthere,mostofthem_____boys.A.areB.wereC.beenD.being9-好好学习，天天向上29.Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery_____.A.dimB.obscureC.conspicuousD.intelligible30.Sinceyouhaveneverbeentoaforeigncountryyoucan't_____whatitwillbeliketoliveinanothercountry.A.lookintoB.disposeofC.makeupD.conceiveof31.Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutsurprisingtechnologicalchanges_____weorganizeandproduceinformation.A.inawayB.inthewayC.inthatwayD.innoway32.Thirtypeoplewereexpected,butonlytwenty-four_____.A.turnedroundB.turnedupC.turnedinD.turnedoutD.spray33.Billfoundoutthatoildoesnot_____inwater.A.mingleB.blendC.dissolve10-好好学习，天天向上34.Thecourtsarewhere_____isgiventoeveryone,nomatterwhoisrichorpoor.A.fairnessB.equalityC.justiceD.loyalty35.Itwastheold-worldpolitenessthat_____metogoonwiththeunbearableconversationwithhim.A.obligedB.persuadedC.strainedD.upset36.Theweathermansaidwearelikelytohavea_____winterthisyear.A.peacefulB.smoothC.mildD.neutral37.Hewas_____onachargeofhavinginfringedtheElectionLaw.A.graspedB.seizedC.arrestedD.searched38.Lackofjobsand_____ofmoneymightleadtousallbecomingmoreinventiveinourfashionideas.A.shortageB.rarityC.shortD.rare39.Thecarthathadbeenfollowingus_____usanddisappearedfromsight.A.advancedB.encounteredC.approachedD.overtook40.Thisperformanceisabigstride,_____towardsadaptingthewesternmindtothetraditionalChineseopera.A.asitwereB.asitisC.asitwasD.asithasbeen41.The_____oftestsintheUnitedStatesinstitutionscanbeanewandfrighteningexperienceformanyforeignstudents.11-好好学习，天天向上A.frequencyB.presenceC.efficiencyD.confidence42.Itturnsoutthatallthemother'stroublewent_____asthechildwasnotinterestedinpainting.A.fornothingB.tonothingC.atnothingD.innothing43.Mysisterwrotetomethatjustonthe_____ofherdepartureforLondon,Carolinewenttoseeher.A.eraB.eveC.eweD.end44.Manyoftheminorillnessesofmodernindustrialsociety,headaches,tirednessandstomachupsetsarethoughtto_____breathingpollutedair.A.bringaboutB.arisefromC.derivefromD.associatewith45.Carelessmotoristsare_____tomeetwithaccidents.A.aptB.liableC.inclinedD.subjectIII.Cloze％)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshouldchoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassage.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.12-好好学习，天天向上Alllifeissound.Weareconstantly(46)_____bysoundsandnoisesmadebynatureandeverythingin(47)_____.Forthousandsofyearsman(48)_____speakingandsinging,andthankstohiswonderfully(49)_____ear,perceivingsoundsandnoised,(50)_____theyarebutasmallpartoftheinconceivable(51)_____ofsoundsfillingtheuniverse.Childreneverywhereandalmostwithout(52)_____arebornwithmusicalabilities,withvoices,andwithhearing.Thedifferenceliesmerely(53)_____whattheydowiththesegifts.That(54)_____accordingtotemperament,upbringing,nationality,andtime.Natureitselfisfullof(55)_____,fullofmusic.Musicalsoundsexistedmillionsofyears(56)_____therewasahumaneartohear(57)_____;thesoftbubblingofthewater,therollof(58)_____thewhisperingandrustlingof(59)_____inthewindand(60)_____knowshowmanyotheraudiblemanifestationsofnature.Manwas(61)_____intoaworldofsound.Thunderfilledhimwithfearandbecamea(62)_____ofsupernaturalpowers.Intheroarofthewindheheardthevoiceofdemons.Dwellersattheseashore(63)_____thetemperofthegodsbythesoundofthewaves.Religiousandmusic(64)_____inseparable(65)_____thedawnofhumanity..surroundedB.surrenderedC.roundedD.bound.thisB.itC.thereD.here48.A.hasbeen49.B.hadbeenC.wasD.isA.construction50.A.yet51.A.riches52.B.constructiveB.evenC.constructingC.soD.constructedD.althoughD.resourceB.sourceC.wealth13-好好学习，天天向上A.experience53.A.beyond54.A.varies55.A.noise56.A.when57.A.sound58.A.valley59.A.leaves60.A.whoB.knowledgeC.exceptionC.onD.foundationD.inB.atB.differsB.soundB.beforeB.musicB.lightningB.treesC.contradictsC.musicC.agoD.contrastsD.giftsD.whileD.itC.themC.lightD.thunderD.grassD.anybodyD.bornC.bladesC.nobodyC.gotB.whoeverB.thoughtB.symbol61.A.sent62.A.sighC.sightD.sign63.A.said64.A.isB.talkedB.wasC.judgedC.wereD.beggedD.are65.A.inB.onC.byD.atIV.TranslationDirections:ReadthefollowingpassageandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.％)Let'ssayyou'rewaitinginaqueueforabus.It'sraininghardandwhenthebuscomesyourealizeyouwon'tgetonunlessyoujumpthequeue.Whatwouldyoudo?(1)(HalftheDutchquestionedsaidthey'dpushtheirwayon,asagainst18percentofFinnsand32percentofBritons.)InGermany,38percentsaidtheywouldqueue-barge.Not,however,oneStuttgartrespondent:"QueuingissomethingIlearnedinBritain."YetaNottinghampensionersaid:"Dopeopleactuallyqueueanymore?"Weaskedpeopleifthey14-好好学习，天天向上wouldconcealincometoavoidpayingtax.AcrossEurope,39percentsaidtheywould,comparedwith46percentintheUK.InAustria,though,awhopping巨大的)64percentsaythey'dcheat.InBelgium,one47-year-oldadmittedthathewouldn'thesitate."(2)(Inmyjob,Iseepeoplecheatingeveryday.Thosewhodon'tareeitherinnocentorstupid."Hisjob?Taxofficial.)(3)(Aclassicethicalsituation:asyouleavethesupermarket,yourealizethecashierhasgivenyoutoomuchinchange.Wouldyoureturnandgivethemoneyback?)TwothirdsoftheEuropeansweasked,67percent,answeredyes(69percentintheUK);andevenmoreimpressively,80percentoftheFrench.Still,situationalethicsareofteninvolved."Itdependsonthecashier,"ar