大学英语四级作文指导

ChapterOne文章开头句型

1-1对立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,

适用于有争议性的主题.

例如(e.g.)

[1].Whenaskedabout.....,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat.......ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.

[2].Whenitcomesto....,somepeoplebelievethat.......Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,but(Itendtotheproffer/latter...)

[3].Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledgedthat....Theyclaim/believe/arguethat...ButIwonder/doubtwhether.....

1-2现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论.

e.g.

[1].Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenonof)...hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.

[2].Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbrouthtopublicattention)

[3].Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.

-----Tobecontinued!!

1-3观点法----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

e.g:

[1].Neverhistoryhasthechangeof...beenasevidentas...Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaof..Bennmorevisible/popularthan...

[2].Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginnig/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that...

[3].Nowthereisagrowingawareness/recognationotthenecessityto......Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof......

[4].Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat.......

1-4引用法-----先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

e.g:

[1]."Knowledgeispower."suchistheremarkmadebyBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.

"Educationisnotcompletewithgradulation."SuchistheopnionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopnion.

[2]."........."Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordslikethoses/this.

Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplainsasthis"......".

1-5比较法------通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点.

e.g:

[1].Foryears,...hadbeenviewedas...Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowing...,people........

[2].Peopleusedtothinkthat...(Inthepast,....)Butpeoplenowsharethisnew.

1-6故事法----先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题.

e.g:

[1].Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt....Thephenemenonof...hasarousedpublicconcern.

[2].Ihaveafriendwho...Shouldhe....?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontwithinourdailylife.

[3].Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho...Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.

1-8问题法-----先用讨论或解答的设问,引出自己观点,适用于有争议性的话题.

e.g:

Should/What......?Optionsof...varygreatly,some...,others...

Butinmyopinion,.......

Chapter2文章中间主体内容句型

原因结果分析

3-1-1.基本原因---分析某事物时,用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.

e.g:

[1].Why...?Foronething..Foranother...

[2].Theanswertothisprobleminvovlesmanyfactors.Foronething...Foranother......Stillanother...

[3].Anumberoffactors,bothphysicalandpsychologicalaffect..../bothindividualandsocialcontributeto....

3-1-2另一原因-------->在分析了基本原因之后,再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!

e.g:

[1].Anotherimportantfactoris....

[2]....isalsoresponsibleforthechange/problem.

[3].Certainly,the...isnotthesolereasonfor.....

3-1-3后果影响---------分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响.

e.g:

[1].Itwillproduceaprofound/far-reachingeffect/impacton....

[2].Ininvolvessomeseriousconsequencefor........

比较对照句型

3-2-1.两者比较--->比较两事物,要说出其一超过另一个,或肯定一事物的优点,也肯定其缺点的时候用!

e.g:

[1].TheadvantagesgainedfromAaremuchgreaterthantheadvantageswegainfromB.

[2].Indeed,AcarriesmuchweightwhencomparedwithB.

[3].Thereisnodoubtthatithasitsnegativeeffectsaswellaspositiveeffects.

3-2-2.两者相同/相似------>比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!

e.g:

[1].AandBhaveseveralthingincommon.Theyaresimilarinthat.....

[2].Abearssomesrikingresemblance(s)toB.

ChapterThree文章结尾形式

2-1结论性---------通过对文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.

e.g:

[1].Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.....

[2].Insummary/Inaword,itismorevaluable.......

2-2后果性------揭示所讨论的问题若不解决,将产生的严重后果.

e.g:

[1].Wemustcallforanimmediatemethod,becausethecurrentphenomenonof...,ifallowedtoproceed,willsurelyleadtotheheavycostof.......

[2].Obviously,ifweignore/areblindtotheproblem,thereiseverychancethat..willbeputindanger.

2-3号召性--------呼吁读者行动起来,采取行动或提请注意.

e.g:

[1].Itistimethatweurgedanimmediateendtotheundesirabletendcyof......

[2].Itisessentialthareffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocorrectthetendency.

2-4建议性--------对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见,包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.

e.g:

[1].Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately,stillthereareways.Themostpopularis....Anothermethodis...Stillanotheroneis.....

[2].Awareness/Recognitionoftheproblemisthefirststeptowardthesituation.

2-5方向性的结尾方式----其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的,大体的方向或者指明前景.

e.g:

[1].Manysolutionsarebeingofferedhere,allofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldberecognizedinawideway.

[2].Thereisnoquickmethodtotheissueof..,but..mightbehelpful/benefical.

[3].Thegreatchallengetodayis......Thereismuchdifficulty,but........

2--6意义性的结尾方式-------->文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!

e.g:

[1].Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethesuccess,butthepayoffmightbeworththeeffort.Itwillnotonlybenefitbutalsobenefit.....

[2].Inanycase,whetheritisposotiveornegative,onethingiscertainthatitwillundoubtedly预测文章一Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnlyStricterTrafficLawsCanPreventAccidents.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.everyday,thousandsofpeoplediedfromtrafficaccidentintheworld.2.a.Driverspaynoattentiontotheirdrivingbehavior.b.thewholesocietyindulgenttowardsthepeacebreaker,toomuchtrafficinboththecityandthecountryside.3.makelawsandregulationstopreventaccidents.参考范文：OnlyStricterTrafficLawsCanPreventAccidentsThoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywecitestheincredibleslaughterofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotorcar!Itisaneverendingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopleintheworldarekilledorhorriblymutilatedeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel,hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutamansveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteeringwheel.Theyareillmanneredandaggressive,willfulastwoyearoldsandutterlyselfish.Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistic,tobeconvenientlyforgotten.Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,lawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhavedramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.预测文章二Directions:Youareaskedtowritearecommendationofyourstudentforapositionofmarketingclerkabout100wordspleaseexpressesyourreasonclearly.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.参考范文：DearManager,IamwritingthislettertorecommendmystudentWangGangwhoisseekingthepositionofmarketingclerkofyourcompany.Hesaysyouaresatisfiedwithhispresentationattheinterviewandrequirerecommendationtobeattachedtohisexceptionalacademicperformanceinthecollege.Ashispoliticalinstructor,IthinkMr.Wangiswellqualifiedforthepositionheseeks.Healwaysranksamongthetopfiveinhisgrade,haspassedCET-6andobtainsacertificateofintermediatecomputerskills.Mr.Wangisastudious,selfless,andaspiringyoungman,andheisawardedthetitleofThreeGoodActivistbythecollegeeveryyear.Ibelieveheisagoodcandidateworthyofyourconsideration.Yoursincerely,LiMing预测文章三Direction:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicStartingCareerinaBigCityorSmallTown？Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.很多的大学生毕业后留在大城市工作；2.也有人选择到小城镇开始自己的职业生涯；3.结合自己的实际情况谈谈自己的想法。参考范文：Wanttobeasmallfishinabigpondortheotherwayround?Everygraduatefacesthisquestionwhenhestartshiscareer.Someprefertostayinthebigcitiesaftergraduation.Tothem,bigcitiesmeanmoreexperiences,moreopportunitiestoseethebigworldandmorespaceforcareerdevelopment.Atthesametime,highersalaryisanothertemptation.Butsomeothergraduateswanttostartinsmalltowns.Eventhoughtheremaynotbemanybigcompanies,theycanhaveaquieterandlesscompetitivelife.Anotherreasonistheycanbeabigfishinasmallpond.Theycaneasilygetthemanagement’sattentionandmaywinpromotionearlier.AsfarasIamconcerned,IprefertostartinabigcitylikeShanghai.Agoodbeginishalfthebattle,andinShanghaiIcanfindajobinabigcompanywhereIcanmeetpeoplefromdifferentplacesandcultures.IwilllearnfromthemwhatIcannotgetfromtextbooks.预测文章四Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDictionary.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.Thedictionaryisalivingteacher.2.Skillswilldevelopwithyourconstantuseofvariousdictionaries.3.Butyoushouldhaveonethinginmind.参考范文：DictionaryThedictionaryisalivingteacher.Wheneveryoucomeacrossanewword,justconsultitandyouwillgetacleardefinitionfromit.Everystudent,nomatterattendingschoolorself-taught,shouldalwayshaveadictionaryathand.Asastudyaid,itisconvenient,inexpensiveandallknowing.Skillswillneeddevelopingwithyourconstantuseofvariousdictionaries.Themoreyouusethem,themoreknowlegeyouwillacquirefromthem.Soonerorlater,youwillbequiteskilledinvariousfieldsanddomanythingswithease.Butyoushouldhaveonethingmind.Asalanguagestudent,youshouldneverdependtoomuchondictionaries.Basiclanguageskillsdonotcomefromdictionaries,butfromyourpractice.Forsomeextensivereading,forexample,youdon’ttrytolookupadictionaryeverytimeyouencounteranewword,youcouldjustguessthemeaningandskipit.Learnthelanguagebylistening,speaking,readingandwritingmore,andthatistheonlywaytothemasteryofalanguage.预测文章五Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledLearnHowtoLearn.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1．大学生中许多人把拿到文凭视为学习的目的2．也有一些人认为大学的学习应以发展个人兴趣和培养特长为目标3．我的看法参考范文：Nowadays,underthenewmarketingsystem,studentsrenderquitedifferentopinionsaboutthedestinati