2021年河南省许昌市高考英语质检试卷（一）

2021年河南省许昌市高考英语质检试卷（一）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Likeeverythingelse,London'sworld-classmuseumsclosedinMarch,butonebyone,mostof

themhaveannouncedtheirreopening.Visitingwillbeverydifferenttothemuseumexperience

you'reusedto,though：you'llhavetopre-bookatimedentryslot（时段）,youmayhaveto

followaone-wayrouteandfacemaskswillbeencouraged.

BritishMuseum

Whatisit?Sinceitopenedin1759-thefirstevernationalmuseumforthepublic-theBritish

Museumhasbeendisplayingartworkofworldheritage,includingtheRosettaStoneandthe

Parthenonsculptures.

Whygo?Themuseumhasover8millionobjectsinitscollection,50,000ofwhichareon

display.That'salotofbangforyourbuck,consideringentrancetothemainareasisfree.

NationalGallery

Whatisit?Afirst-classandentirelyfree-to-enterartisticinstitutionintheheartofTrafalgar

Square.Foundedin1824,TheNationalGalleryishometomorethan2,000paintingsfrom

artistssuchasdaVinci,vanGogh,Turner,Picasso,MatisseandCezanne.

Whygo?Tolearnmoreabouttheworld'shighlypraisedartworksandeventyyourhandat

drawinginthegalleries.

DesignMuseum

Whatisit?Afascinatingmuseumthatexplorescontemporarydesignandarchitecture.The

DesignMuseumisburstingwithfreetemporaryexhibitions,pop-upsandbookabledisplays.

Whygo?Themuseum'snewhomeinKensingtonisanabsolutedesignfeat,andwhenyou've

finishedyourwalkabout,takeatourtothenearbyHollandParkKyotoGardenforsome

well-deservedrest.

Imperial（帝国的）WarMuseum

Whatisit?Apowerfulmuseumshiningalightonpeople'sexperiencesofconflictfromthe

FirstWorldWartotoday.Afewminutes'walkfromWaterlooJWMismadeupofpermanent

galleries,suchastheaceCuriositiesofWarexhibit,andtemporarydisplays,exploringrecent

conflictsandterroristattacks.

Whygo?Forimpressiveandextensivecollections,includingthemoving,andeye-opening

permanentHolocaustexhibition(notrecommendedforchildrenunder14).

1.Whatisamustforvisitorstothemuseums?

A.Bookinginadvance.B.Preparingafacemask.

C.Bringingenoughmoney.D.Arrivingearlierthanusual.

2.Inwhichmuseumcanyoumostprobablyseeworldfamouspaintings?

A.BritishMuseum.B.DesignMuseum.

C.NationalGallery.D.ImperialWarMuseum.

3.HowisImperialWarMuseumdifferentfromtheotherthree?

A.Ithasthelargestcollection.

B.Kidsarenotadvisedtovisitit.

C.Youcanhaveagoodrestinit.

D.Youmaymeetsomeartistsinit.

B

ErnestHemingway,likeallwriters,meansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Tosome,he

representsahunting,drinking,smoking,andaggressivemale.Tomyhighschoolmind,hewas

justsomeoldwhiteguygoingonaboutafishermandesperatetocatchalargeseafish-though.

Ms.Fredericks,myEnglishteacher,hadforcedustoreadTheOldManandtheSea,Ididn't

cometoappreciateit,noranyofHemingway'sbooks,untilmuchlater.Butinmyearly

20s,someonemailedmeadustycopyofHemingway'sfirstnovel,TheSunAlsoRises.I'dnever

readanythingquitelikeit-andhaven'tsince.

Todaymarksthe90thanniversaryofthepublicationofthatbook,amasterpieceofthe

form,TheSunAlsoRisesisarareachievementinitspower.Itsbriefyetevocative(弓|起共

鸣的)sentencesmadeastrongimpressionasIwasbeginningtodevelopmyownloveofwords.

*'Don'tyouevergetthefeelingthatallyourlifeisgoingbyandyou'renottakingadvantageof

it?”onecharacterasksnanatorJake,anAmericannewspaperreporter."Doyourealizeyou've

livednearlyhalfthetimeyouhavetolivealready?”

NoneofHemingway'sotherworks,thoughsomeweregoodandevengreat,quiteexpressedthe

ideaofdesireandlongingthathisfirstnoveldoes.Butthere'salsoanobvioussadnessthat

affectstheentirenovel,which,intruth,iswhatattractedmemorethananything.Howcould

thesedepressedandofteninsufferablecharactersbedrawnsobeautifully?Andhowonearth

couldsuchsimple,undecoratedwritingcarrythiskindofemotionalweight?Nathaniel

第2页，共21页

Hawthornesaysitbest："Easyreadingisextremelyhardwriting.0

Butforme,it'smuchmorethanthat.WhenIread?TheSunAlsoRises-andIgobacktoit

everyfewyeas-FminstantlytransportedtoPamplona,whereHemingway'scharactersgoto

watchthebullfights.IvisitedPamplonaasakidwithmyfamily,andItoowatchedthe

bullfightswithmyfather-whorandomlysentmethiswonderfulbook.

4.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofHemingwaywhenhewasinhighschool?

A.Apuzzle.B.Aspecialist.C.Alegend.D.Apasser-by.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutTheSunAlsoRises?

A.Itisabestseller.

B.Itwaspublishedacenturyago.

C.Itssimplewordsareappealing.

D.IfsHemingway*smostpopularnovel.

6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.Heiscrazyabouttravelling.

B.Hewasgreatlyaffectedbythebook.

C.Heattachedimportancetoreading.

D.Heenjoyedlookingbackonolddays.

7.Whichcolumnisthepassagepossiblyfrom?

A.Review.B.News.C.Anecdote.D.History.

c

Thebattlefbrthebestseatonaplaneisoneproblemthatairlinesseemtofindevermore

inventivewaystosolve.

ButlightcomparisonwebsiteSkyscannertodayclaimedtohareidentifiedtheperfectplaceto

sit.

Thesitesurveyedmorethan1,000airlinepassengersontheirseatpreferences-thestudydid

notconsidertheextralegroomfactor-lookingatwhichsectionoftheaircrafttheychose,and

whethertheysatinthemiddle,aisle（过道）orwindow.

Andtheverdiclisin-seat6A.

Previousresearchhasfoundthatpassengerspreferthefrontsixrowsoftheplane,while60

percentofpeoplefavourawindowseat,39percentchoosetheaisleandjustonepercentthe

middle.Thesurveyalsofoundthat3IE,amiddleseatlocatednearthebackoftheplane,was

theonemostwantedtoavoid.

SkyscannertraveleditorSamBaldwinexplainedthereasonsfortheresults.Hesaid："Our

surveyshowsthattravelersareveryparticularaboutwheretheysit,withmostpeopleheading

towardsthefrontoftheaircraftonthelefthandside.Themostpopularseat,6A,iswell

positionedfbrthosewantingtogetofftheaircraftquicklywithoutbeingtooclosetothehustle

（忙碌，喧嚣）ofthefronttoilets.Ithinkit'seasytoseewhyseat31Eisthemostunpopular,

asit'sanawkwardmiddleseat,towardsthebackoftheaircraftwhichisneitherclosetotheexit

doorsorthetoilets."

Headded,"ThereisalwaysagreatrushtogetonboardandgetthatfavouredseatandIthinkit

isreallyinterestingthattherearesomanydifferingopinionsonthis.Ijusthopethatthelow

costcarriersdon'tfindoutthatthereissuchdemandforseat6Aandstartcharginganextra

paymentforit!',

8.Whydidthewebsitemakethesurvey?

A.Toincreaseincome.B.Totowercosts.

C.Toprovideinformation.D.Toarrangeseats.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"verdict11inparagraph4mean?

A.Doubt.B.Decision.C.Demand.D.Design.

10.Whichseatisprobablytheleastpopular?

A.Aseatinthefirstrow.

B.Aseatwiththeextralegroom.

C.Aseatonthelefthandside.

D.Amiddleseatnearthebackoftheplane.

11.Whydomanypassengersfavourseat6A?

A.Itissafer.B.Itisnearthetoilet.

C.Itischeaper.D.Itismoreconvenient.

D

TheUnitedNationspredictsworldwidetemperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsmayattimesrise

tomorethan1.5degreesCentigradeabovepre-industriallevels.TheU.N.'sWorld

Meteorological（气象的）Organization,WMO,saidthepredictionsuggestscontinued

warmingcouldpresentachallengetoclimatechangegoalssetinthe2015ParisAgreement,

whichseekstolimitworldtemperaturerisesthroughmajorcutsinhuman-causedgreenhouse

gases.

TheWMOsaidtherewasa20percentchancethattheyearlyaveragetemperaturewillrise

第4页，共21页

above1.5Celsiushigherthanthepre-industrialaveragelevelsinatleastoneyear.Thereport

identifies1850-1900asthepre-industrialperiod.Thatdoesnotmeanthattheaveragewouldbe

crossingthelong-termtargetof1.5Celsiusthatscientistshavesetasthelimitforavoiding

catastrophic（灾难性的）climatechange.

Temperaturesoverthelastfiveyearshavebeenthewarmestonrecord,theWMO

reported.Temperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsareverylikelytobewithintherangeof0.91to

1.59Celsiusabovepre-industriallevels,itpredicted.SouthernAfricaandAustralia,wherefires

lastyeardestroyedmillionsofhectares（公顷），willprobablybedrierthanusualthrough2024,

thereportsaid.Africa'sSahelregionislikelybewetter,whileEuropeshouldseemorestorms.

MaxxDilley,theWMO'sdirectorofclimateservices,toldtheAssociatedPressthepredictions

areworrisome.nItshowshowclosewe'regettingtowhattheParisAgreementistryingto

prevent,nhesaid.Still,Dilleyaddedthatitwouldnotbeimpossibleforcountriestoreachthe

targetsetinParis,ofkeepingglobalwarmingwellbelow2degreesCelsius,bytheendofthe

century.PetteriTaalas,theWMOSecretary-General,added,''WhileCOVID-19hascauseda

severeinternationalhealthandeconomiccrisis,failuretocopewithclimatechangemay

threatenhumanwell-being,ecosystemsandeconomiesforcenturies."

12.AccordingtoWMO,thecontinuedwarmingis.

A.inanalarmingtrend.B.outofcontrol.

C.naturallydeveloping.D.farfromworry.

13.WhatdoestheauthortrytotellusinParagraph3?

A.Temperatureswillhaveasuddenrise.

B.PeopleinAfricashouldgetmorehelp.

C.FiresinAustraliawilllastover5years.

D.Ourlivingenvironmentisgettingworse.

14.WhichwordbestdescribesMaxxDilley'sattitudetocontinuedwarming?

A.Carefree.B.Objective.C.Indifferent.D.Scared.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.GlobalimpactofClimatechange.

B.Themostseriouschallengeweface.

C.UNpredictsmorerisingtemperatures.

D.Howdowecopewithcontinuedwarming.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10・0分）

Peopleoftenforgethowvaluableitistodevelopahelpfulmindset.(1)Herearesome

habitsyoushouldstartpracticingtobemorehelpfultopeopleinyourlife.

(2)

Everyonehasmomentswhentheyfall.Whenyougetthechancetobethereforsomeonewho

reallyneedsyou,bethere.Eveninnon-crisismoments,ifyouknowthatsomeonereallyvalues

somethingthat'swithinyourpowertodeliver,thendoit.

Lookoutforothers1blindsides.

Everyonceinawhile,I'llgetanemailfromafriendwithalinktosomethingthatheorshe

thinksshouldbeonmyradar(雷达).Whateveritis,receivingashortemailgivesmetheheads

up.(3)Assoonasyouidentifysomethingofvaluelikethat,justthinkofsomeoneyou

knowwhocouldbenefitfromit,andsendaquickemail.

Endconversationsbyaskinghowyoucanbehelpful.

Iknowthissoundssimple,butyoucanhonestlybeyourownbestresearcher.(4)I

usedtomakethemistakeoftryingtohelppeoplebydoingwhatIpersonallythoughtwouldbe

nice.Itsimplywasn'ttherightapproach,though,anditcandomoreharmthangood.Now,I

makeanefforttounderstandwhatisactuallyhelpfultoeachpersonIspeakto.

Writedownmeaningfulthings.

Assoonasyoumeetsomeoneyouknowyoucanhelp,writeitdownimmediately.Noone

expectsyoutostartdoingallofthesethingstomorrow,buttherepetitionwillstarttrainingyour

braintobeamorehelpfulperson,ifyoukeepatitconsistently.Iadoptedsomeofthesehabits

afewyearsago.(5)

A.Bethereforpeopleinneed.

B.Givehelpwheneveryouareasked.

C.Thisactisasvaluableasitissimple.

D.Andthechangeshavebeenincrediblypositive.

E.Youthinkyouknowhowtogivetherighthelp.

F.Youjusthavetoknowwhat'strulyhelpfultootherpeople.

G.Beinghelpfultootherpeopleis,infact,ahelptoyoursuccess.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6页，共21页

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

ItwasFridayattheendofareally,reallylongweek.MikeandIplannedtoinvitefriendstoour

homefordinner.

Just(1)Igothome,Miketextedmetosaythathehadtostaylateatwork.Iwasnow

onowntogeteverything(2)forthenight.AsIdrovetopickupthechildrenfrom

school,1(3)themintotheearandinformedthemthatweweremakingafew(4)

beforeheadinghome.

Forthenexthour,I(5)theboysfromoneplacetothenext.Justaswefinishedour

lasterrand(差事)，theboysremindedmethatweneededto(6)crickets(蟋蟀)

atthepetstore."You(7).*'theysaid.

“Fine,butweneedtobefast,"Isaid.

Fifteenminuteslater,wewerebackinthecarwithonehundredlivecricketsinaplasticbag.I

(8)thedrivewaywithonlyforty-minutes(9)tomakepreparationsfor

everythingbeforeourguestsarrived.

Istartedbarking(10)attheboys,buttheyfocusedon(11)thecrickets

fromthebagsintothetopoftheirlittlecricket-keeping(12).

My(13)startedtosoar,andIyelledatthemtohurryup.Ireallydidn'tknow(14)

ithappened,butthenexttimeIlookedup,onehundredcricketswere(15)all

overmykitchen,chirpingchaotically(混舌L地喟歌).

Icould(16)feelingannoyedandangry,butthenthemostamazingthinghappened.

AsIwatchedmytwosweetboysrunningaround(17)tocapturethecrickets,itfeltlike

(18)sloweddown.Atthat(19),IrealizedIcouldgoonfeelingannoyed

andangry,orIcouldletgoand(20)thisridiculousscenewiththem.

Ichosejoy.

21.A.untilB.unlessC.sinceD.before

22.A.finishedB.boughtC.readyD.good

23.A.letB.fixedC.watchedD.rushed

24.A.dropsB.stopsC.plansD.decisions

25.A.draggedB.servedC.arrangedD.begged

26.A.visitB.buyC.returnD.save

27.A.wishedB.compromisedC.stressedD.promised

28.A.runacrossB.knockedoverC.pulledintoD.lookedfor

29.A.passingB.leftC.missingD.lost

30.A.ordersB.argumentsC.terrorsD.comments

31.A.throwingB.countingC.pouringD.delivering

32.A.shelfB.cageC.fenceD.bowl

33.A.annoyanceB.sorrowC.thrillD.excitement

34.A.whereB.whetherC.howD.what

35.A.runningB.passingC.flyingD.jumping

36.A.continueB.stopC.considerD.allow

37.A.casuallyB.crazilyC.reluctantlyD.nervously

38.A.speedB.sightC.noiseD.time

39.A.momentB.placeC.spotD.mood

40.A.destroyB.createC.enjoyD.forget

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.AnislandoffthecoastofCapeCodisopentothepublicforthefirsttimein300years.

SipsonislandC1)(own)privatelysince1711,whenitwassoldtowhitesettlers.

Now,thenewSipsonIslandTrust,withthehelpofalocalnon-profit,hopestorenewand

carefortheisland,(2)(use)theNativeAmericanvaluestoseeland(3)

agiftforalltouse.

Itisreallyimportantforustobeabletocommunicatethe(4)(important)of

itshistory,andteachthevaluesofthosethatlivedontheislandbefore1711.President

BloughtoldCNN.

The24-acreisland,whichopensonSaturday,(5)(locate)justoffthecoastof

CapeCodin(6)areaknownasPleasantBay,(7)isofcritical

environmentalconcern.Whenitwasforsale,therewereanumberofconservation

第8页，共21页

organizationswhowantedtofindawaytoraisethemoneytoprotectit,preserveit,and

makeit(8)(access)tothepublic,Bloughsaid.

Nowitis(9)(full)opentothepublic.Visitorsareencouragedtoaccessthe

islandfromtheeasternshore,(10)onlyshallowboatsunder22feetcanlanddue

tothesensitiveecosysteminthewater.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中

共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计•分。

Afterbreakfast,!wenttoabookstoretobuysomebooks.Luckily,themomentwhenIgot

tothebusstop,thebustothebookstorecome.Igotonthebusandtookaseat.Asthebus

movedon,alltheemptyseatswastaken.Suddenly,agrandpa,whogotonthebuswith

greatlyeffortsandwasnotsteadyonhislegs,caughtmyeyes.Onseeinghishelpless,1

stoodupimmediatelybutsaid,"Grandpa,pleasecomeandtakeyourseat."Thegrandpa

thankedmewithsmile.WhenIgotonthebus,thegrandpasaid,"Goodbye,goodgirl.'1

Standonthebusforalongtime,Iwasalittletired.ButIfeltveryhappybecauseIcould

helpthoseinneed.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

43.2020年10月16日是第39个世界粮食日，请你以“光盘行动"/"ClearYourplate"

Campaign为题写一封倡议书，号召同学们树立节约意识，内容包括：

1.倡议理由；

2.具体做法。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】B

[解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段Visitingwillbeverydifferenttothemuseum

experienceyou'reusedto,though：you'llhavetopre-bookatimedentryslot（IKfU）,you

mayhavetofollowaone-wayrouteandfacemaskswillbeencouraged.（参观博物馆的体验

将与你以往所习惯的完全不同：你必须预先预订一个定时的入场时间，你可能不得不走

一条单行道，博物馆还鼓励人们戴口罩）可知，参观博物馆的人必须提前预订，故选

A.

（2）C.推理判断题。根据NationalGallety介绍部分Foundedin1824,TheNationalGallery

ishometomorethan2,000paintingsfromartistssuchasdaVinci,VanGogh,Turner,Picasso,

MatisseandCezanne.（国家美术馆成立于1824年，收藏了达•芬奇、梵高、特纳、毕加

索、马蒂斯和塞尚等艺术家的2000多幅画作）可知，你最有可能在国家美术馆看到世

界著名的绘画，故选C.

（3）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段Forimpressiveandextensivecollections,includingthe

moving,andeye-openingpermanentHolocaustexhibition（notrecommendedforchildren

under14）.（令人印象深刻和广泛的收藏，包括令人感动的和大开眼界的永久大屠杀展

览（不推荐14岁以下儿童参观））可知，ImperialWarMuseum与其他三家博物馆不同

之处在于，不建议儿童参观，故选B.

这是一篇广告布告类阅读，文章主要介绍了四个伦敦的博物馆，介绍了包括博物馆的历

史和特色等信息。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4.【答案】

【小题1]D【小题2】C【小题3】B【小题4】A

第10页，共21页

【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第一段中"Tomyhighschoolmind,hewasjustsome

oldwhiteguygoingonaboutafishermandesperatetocatchalargeseafish-though

Ms.Frederieks,myEnglishteacher,hadforcedustoreadTheOldManandtheSea,Ididn't

cometoappreciateit,noranyofHemingway'sbooks,untilmuchlater."（在我上高中的时候，

他只是一个白人老头，在讲一个渔夫不顾一切地去捕捉一条大鱼的故事-尽管我的英语

老师Fredericks女士强迫我们读《老人与海》,我直到很久以后才开始欣赏它，也不喜

欢海明威的任何一本书）可知，在高中时，作者认为海明威只是一个过客，作者对他的

作品并不感兴趣。A.Apuzzle谜；B.Aspecialist专家；C.Alegend传奇；D.Apasser-by

路人。故选D.

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段中"Todaymarksthe90thanniversaryofthepublicationof

thatbook,Amasterpieceoftheform,TheSunAlsoRisesisarareachievementinitspower.Its

briefyetevocative（弓|起共鸣的）sentencesmadeastrongimpressionasIwasbeginningto

developmyownloveofwords；"（今天是《太阳照常升起》出版90周年，这本书堪称

杰作，其力量是不可多得的成就。当我开始培养自己对文字的热爱时，书中那些简短却

能引起共鸣的句子给我留下了深刻的印象）可知，《太阳照常升起》文字简短但却很吸

引人。故选C.

（3）B.推理判断题。根据第三段中"Buithere'salsoanobvioussadnessthataffectstheentire

novel,which,intruth,iswhatattractedmemorethananything."（但整部小说也有一种明显的

悲伤，事实上，这是最吸引我的地方。）以及第四段中"Butforme,it'smuchmorethan

that.WhenIread?TheSunAlsoRises-andIgobacktoiteveryfewyears"（但对我来说，

远不止这些。我什么时候读它吗？每隔几年我就会读一遍）可知，作者深受《太阳照常

升起》这本书的影响。故选B.

（4）A.文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要是讲述了作者如何结缘海明威《太阳

照常升起》这本书，对这本书的评价，以及这本书对作者本人造成的影响。因此这篇文

章可能来自书评，A.Review书评；B.News新闻；C.Anecdote轶事；D.History历史。

故选A.

这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者如何结缘海明威《太阳照常升起》这本书，对这

本书的评价，以及这本书对作者本人造成的影响。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分

析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】D

［解析］（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段"Thebattleforthebestseatonaplaneisoneproblem

thatairlinesseemtofindevermoreinventivewaystosolve."（飞机上的最佳座位之争是一

个航空公司似乎想找到更有创意的方法来解决的问题。）以及第二段"Butlight

comparisonwebsiteSkyscannertodayclaimedtohaveidentifiedtheperfectplacetosit."（不

过，轻松比较网站Skyscanner今天宣称，他们已经找到了飞机上最合适坐的地方。）可

知，Skyscanner网站做这个调查是为了提供信息。故选C.

（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第三段中"Thesitesurveyedmorethan1,000airlinepassengers

ontheirseatpreferences-lhestudydidnotconsidertheextralegroomfactor-lookingatwhich

sectionoftheaircrafttheychose,andwhethertheysatinthemiddle,aisle（过道）orwindow."

（该网站调查了1000多名航空公司乘客对座位的偏好-这项研究没有考虑额外伸腿空

间的因素-调查他们选择飞机的哪个部分，以及他们是坐在中间、过道还是窗口。）由

这个调查是为了找出乘客会选择飞机哪个部分的位置，可知，划线词verdict意为"决定，

结论”。A.Doubt怀疑；B.Decision决定；C.Demand需求；D.Design设计。故选B.

（3）D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中"Ithinkit'seasytoseewhyseat31Eisthemost

unpopular,asit'sanawkwardmiddleseat,towardsthebackoftheaircraftwhichisneitherclose

totheexitdoorsorthetoilets."（最不受欢迎的座位31E很容易理解，因为它位于飞机后

部，既离厕所远，也离门远，而且还是个尴尬的中间座位。）可知，靠近飞机后部的中

间座位是最不受欢迎的。故选D.

（4）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中"Themostpopularseat,6A,iswellpositionedfor

thosewantingtogetofftheaircraftquicklywithoutbeingtooclosetothehustle（,忙碌喧嚣）

ofthefronttoilets."（最受欢迎的座位6A,正好迎合了那些想尽快下飞机而又不想挤在

前排厕所前的乘客。）可知，很多乘客喜欢6A座，因为它更方便。故选D.

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Skyscanner网站通过调查了1000多名航空公司乘

客对座位的偏好，发现了乘客最喜欢的座位并分析其原因，也推断出了乘客最不喜欢的

座位及其原因。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分

析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12.【答案】

第12页，共21页

【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】D【小题4】C

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段中"TheU.NJsWorldMeteorological（气象的）

Organization,WMO,saidthepredictionsuggestscontinuedwarmingcouldpresenta

challengetoclimatechangegoalssetinthe2015ParisAgreement”（联合国世界气象组织

（WM0）说，这一预测表明，持续变暖可能对2015年《巴黎协定》中设定的气候变化

目标构成挑战。）可知，据世界气象组织称，持续变暖的趋势令人担忧。故选A.

（2）D.目的意图题。根据第三段中"Temperaturesoverthenexlfiveyearsareverylikely

tobewithintherangeof0.91to1.59Celsiusabovepre-industriallevels,itpredicted.Southern

AfricaandAustralia,wherefireslastyeardestroyedmillionsofhectares（公顷），willprobably

bedrierthanusualthrough2024,thereportsaid.Africa'sSahelregionislikelybewetter,

whileEuropeshouldseemorestorms."（世界气象组织报告称，过去五年的气温是有记录

以来最高的。该报告预测，未来五年的气温很可能会比工业化前的水平高出0.91至1.59

摄氏度。该报告称，非洲南部和澳大利亚可能会在2024年之前比以往更加干燥，去年

的火灾摧毁了数百万公顷的土地。非洲的萨赫勒地区可能更湿润，而欧洲将会有更多的

风暴。）可知，作者想告诉我们，我们的生活环境越来越差了。故选D.

（3）D.观点态度题。根据第四段中"MaxxDilley,theWMO'sdirectorofclimateservices,

toldtheAssociatedPressthepredictionsareworrisome."（世界气象组织的气候服务主任

MaxxDilley告诉美联社，这些预测令人担忧。）可知，MaxxDilley对持续升温持恐惧

的态度。A.Carefree无忧无虑的；B.Objective客观的；C.Indifferent漠不关心；D.Scared

担心的。故选D.

（4）C.标题判断题。根据第一段中"TheUnitedNationspredictsworldwidetemperatures

overthenextfiveyearsmayattimesrisetomorethan1.5degreesCentigradeabove

pre-industriallevels."（联合国预测，未来5年，全球气温有时会比工业化前的水平高出

1.5摄氏度以上。）以及第二段中"TheWMOsaidtherewasa20percentchancethattheyearly

averagetemperaturewillriseabove1.5Celsiushigherthanthepre-industrialaveragelevelsin

atleastoneyear."（世界气象组织表示，至少在一年内，年平均气温将有20%的可能超

过L5摄氏度，高于工业革命前的平均水平。）本文主要讲述了联合国世界气象组织预

测未来五年内全球气温会持续上升，这会对全球环境带来影响，以及这一预测引起了人

们的担忧。可知，本文的最佳标题是选项C”联合国预测气温还会继续上升。”故选C.

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国世界气象组织预测未来五年内全球气温会持

续上升，这会对全球环境带来影响，以及这一预测引起了人们的担忧。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分

析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】

【小题11G【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】F【小题5】D

［解析］（1）G.标题归纳题。根据上文"Peopleoftenforgethowvaluableitistodevelop

ahelpfulmindset.（人们常常忘记培养一种乐于助人的心态有多么重要）”以及下文“Here

aresomehabitsyoushouldstartpracticingtobemorehelpfultopeopleinyourlife.（下面是

一些你应该开始练习的习惯，它们会对你生活中的人更有帮助）”可知，上文提到了人

们经常忘记乐于助人，后文则提到一些帮助他人的习惯，可见本句属于过渡句，指出对

别人的帮助的好处。后文中bemorehelpfultopeople可对应到G选项中Beinghelpfulto

otherpeopleo故G选项”对别人的帮助，其实是对你成功的帮助”符合语境，故选G.

（2）A.推理判断题。本空属于本段小标题，根据本段内容"Everyonehasmomentswhen

theyfall.Whenyougetthechancetobethereforsomeonewhoreallyneedsyou,bethere.

Eveninnon-crisismoments,ifyouknowthatsomeone