词义猜测课件高考英语二轮复习

词义猜测题GuessingMeaningfromContextⅠ.WarmingupandLead-inContextClues（上下文线索）are__________thatreadersusetofind_________ofunknownwords.Whatcontextcluesarementionedinthevideo?cluesorhintsmeaningDefinition定义 Example举例Antonym反义 Synonym近义Ⅱ.ContextCluessynonym近义

WuhanNo.15Middleschoolisfamousandrenownedforitslonghistory.WeareimpressedbytheGothicarchitecture,astyleofarchitecturewhichismostcommoninchurches.definition定义Itsdininghallprovidesuswithavarietyofdeliciouscuisines,suchasroastedbeef,friedchickenandsoon.example举例Somestudentsareshyandquiet,whileothersarevivacious.antonym反义Ⅲ.ClassificationExample举例Definition定义Antonym反义but andcontraryto similarlyforinstance referto mean suchas

Synonym近义Ⅳ.Definition(2021年全国甲卷)Southbank

isthecenterofBritishskateboarding（滑板）.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.

Andmyfavorite:

Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.

Itmeantdon’tworryaboutit.

Once,

whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam

(横杆),Ifellontothestones,

damaginganerveinmyhand,

andTobycameover,

helpingmeup:

Safe,

man.

Safe.

Afewminuteslater,

whenIlandedthetrick,

myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:

“Safe!Safe!Safe!”

Andthat’swhatmattered--landingtricks,beingagoodskater.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”

probablymean?A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don’tworry!Tip1:payattentiontothesignalsofdefinition①mean,referto

②attribute定语orappositive同位语

③dashes破折号orcolons冒号Ⅳ.ExampleTip2:payattentiontothesignalsofexamplesuchas,like,forexample,forinstance(2018年全国卷Ⅰ卷)Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation－stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominant

languagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”?A．Complex. B．Advanced. C．Powerful. D．Modern.Ⅳ.SynonymTip3:payattentiontothesignalsofsynonymand,or,aswellas,similarly（2022年全国乙卷）Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Whatdoes”maintenance”referto?A.personnelsafety B.assistancefromdronesC.inspectionandrepair D.constructionofinfrastructureⅣ.AntonymTip4:payattentiontothesignalsofantonymbut,while,otherwise,unfortunately,contraryto(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷)WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)

werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”mean?A.Acquire.

B.Export.C.Destroy.

D.Distribute.2022年全国甲卷AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurtherWhensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland."Ijustdecidedwantedtogo,"shesays."IhadnoideaaboutwhatI'dfindthereandIwasn'tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway."InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica."Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"Ginnisays."IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater."Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.Ⅳ.Inference(推断)Tip5:payattentiontothemainideaofthewholepassageorparagraphto

inferthemeaning2022年全国甲卷1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Childhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.2.Ginnihadadeeplovefor______andshefinallyreached__________.2022年全国甲卷AsGinnireachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittle

penguins

longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer

(职业)

asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurtherWhensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,Antarctica2022年全国甲卷1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Childhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.2.Ginnihadadeeplovefor______andshefinallyreached__________.3.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"taketheplunge"?A.Trychallengingthings.

B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories.

D.SAntarctica(2020年山东卷)AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）,it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe’shaving”effect.However,we’lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan’tI?Ⅴ.Practice1.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety. B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.2.Whatweretheresultsoftheexperiments?

Theytooksignificantly________(more/less)foodwhentheactorwas_______

(fat/thin).＋＋？Ⅴ.Practicemorethin(2020年山东卷)AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）,it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe’shaving”effect.However,we’lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanov