动词时态语态(现在时)【基础梳理+考点探究】高考英语语法专项突破 （ 含答案解析 ）

高考英语语法知识清单+强化训练讲义动词时态语态(现在时)（解析版）讲义目录考点清单一、一般现在时四种典型用法考点清单二、现在进行时四种典型用法考点清单三、现在完成时三种典型用法考点清单四、现在完成进行时典型用法分层训练（一）高考真题分层训练（二）模拟试题分层训练（三）单句改错分层训练（四）句式升级（书面表达）分层训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）分层训练（六）好题快递（最新模拟）考点清单一、一般现在时四种典型用法要点精讲1：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常有标志性时间副词always,everyday等。在语法填空科技类说明文，以及短文改错介绍客观事实经常用一般现在时。例1：Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00ameveryday.例2：Healwaystakesawalkaftersupper.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Peerpressurecanhappenwhenwe____________(influence)todosomething.2.(2017天津卷)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.3.(2019全国I)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six______(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.4.(2020江苏)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat________(suit)everyone.【答案与解析】1.areinfluenced。这里介绍客观事实，应用一般现在时；结合语境又是被动语态。故答案是areinfluenced。2.isregarded。句中有标志性副词Nowadays；同时结合语境应用被动语态；还应考虑主语与alongwith短语与前边主语一致。故答案是isregarded。3.are。联系前后句推断这里应用一般现在时，主语是复数概念。故填are。4.suits。本题考查主谓一致。结合语境应用一般现在时，单数概念。要点精讲2：表示客观事实和普遍真理常用一般现在时。例1：Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.例2：Soundtravelsfasterthroughwaterthanitdoesthroughair.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。5.Myphysicsteachertoldmethatlight____________(travel)fasterthansound.6.(2012全国)"Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow",Grannyusedtosay,"becauseeverystep________(show).”7.(2018全国I)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.【答案与解析】5.travels。“光比声音传播快”是客观真理，故应用一般现在时。6.shows。句意：奶奶过去常说，“人生就像雪地走路，因为每一步都会显示出来。”该句含有哲理，故用一般现在时。故答案是shows。7.is。结合语境这里表示规律性内容，应用一般现在时。故答案是is。要点精讲3：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。例1：I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.例2：Whetherheagreesornot,Iwillstayathome.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。8.Ifit__________(rain)tomorrow,wewillnotgoouting.9.IwonderwhenMrBrown_________(arrive).Whenhe__________(arrive),I’lltellhimthenewsatonce.【答案与解析】8.rains。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。故填rains。9.willarrive;arrives。第一句when从句是宾语从句，结合语境应用一般将来时；第二句when从句是时间状语从句，因此应考虑使用“主将从现”。故答案是willarrive;arrives。要点精讲4：表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。例1：ThetrainforNanjingleavesat6:05tomorrowmorning.例2：Thenextplanearrivesat3:15thisafternoon.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。10.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026__________(take)offat18:20.11.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane_________(take)off.【答案与解析】10.takes。表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）周期性时刻表且有明确时间状语，常用一般现在时。故答案是takes。11.istaking。本句虽然涉及到飞机航班，但是没有具体时间，应用现在进行时表示将来的动作。故答案是istaking。考点清单二、现在进行时四种典型用法要点精讲1：现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常有now,atpresent,currently,Look,Listen,atthemoment等标志性词汇。例1：Bequiet!Thebabyissleeping.例2：Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。12.Look!Theman________________(question)bythepolice.13.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport_________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.【答案与解析】12.isbeingquestioned。本句有关键性单词Look!。因此后面应用现在进行时；同时结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是isbeingquestioned。13.isbeingbroadcast/broadcasted。结合前一句“Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?”，得知天气预报正在被播送；故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是isbeingbroadcast/broadcasted。要点精讲2：现在进行时还可以表示现阶段但并非眼下正在进行着的动作，这种动作常与表示一段的时间状语连用，如thesedays,thisweek等。例1：Theyareplantingtreesonthehillthesedays.例2：Idon'treallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。14.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____________(rebuild).15.(2018天津)Mywashingmachine___________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.【答案与解析】14.isbeingrebuilt。结合语境这里表示一个现阶段正在进行的动作“房屋被重建”，且正在进行，故答案是isbeingrebuilt。15.isbeingrepaired。结合语境这里表示一个现阶段正在进行的动作“房屋被维修”，且正在进行，故答案是isbeingrepaired。要点精讲3：go,come,leave,take,run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。例1：JaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewdays.例2：WhereareyoustayinginGuangzhou?【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。16.Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea_________(run)out.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’sleft.17.Becausetheshop__________(close)down,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.【答案与解析】16.arerunning。go,come,leave,take,run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。故答案是arerunning。17.isclosing。go,come,leave,take,run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。该句意为：因为这个商店快要倒闭了，所有的T恤衫半价销售。故答案是isclosing。要点精讲4：always,forever,continually,constantly等频度副词与现在进行时连用表示赞扬、抱怨、不满等感情色彩。例1：Heisconstantlyleavinghisthingsabout.（表责怪）例2：Theyareforeverquarrelingaboutsomething.(不满)【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。18.Shealways________(get)upatsixinthemorning.19.He______________(alwayslearn)thingsfromhisclassmates.Nowonderthathecomesfirstinthemid-termexamination.【答案与解析】18.gets。always表示频度，常与现在完成时连用。故填gets。19.isalwayslearning。本句现在进行时与always连用表示赞扬。故答案是isalwayslearning。考点清单三、现在完成时三种典型用法要点精讲1：表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。常见标志词：副词型---already,ever,never,recently,lately,yet；短语型---sofar,everysince,fordays,uptonow,inthepasttwoyears,overtheweeks等。概括为：发生在过去，影响在现在。例1：Sincethen,hehasdevelopedanotherbadhabit.例2：Uptonow,everythinghasbeenOK.例3：Therehasbeennorainherefornearlytwomonths.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。20.Sofarmorethanonefriend____________(invite)tomybirthdaypartytobeheldtomorrow.21.(2014全国)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody____________(see)themsince.22.(2018北京)China’shigh-speedrailways____________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.23.(2019江苏)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers___________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.24.(2019全国II)Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___________(make)overtheyears.25.(2018全国II)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry________(grow)morecornthanrice.【答案与解析】20.hasbeeninvited。sofar常与现在完成时连用；morethanone接单数名词，谓语也用单数；语境暗示被动语态。故答案是hasbeeninvited。21.hasseen。句末since是解答本题关键，since,eversince等常与现在完成时连用。故答案是hepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用。故答案是helastthreemonths暗示用现在完成时；alongwith是介词短语，谓语应与前边主语Themusician保持一致一致，单数意义。故答案是hasgiven。24.havemade。overtheyears暗示现在完成时。故答案是havemade。25.hasgrown。Since2011应与现在完成时连用，单数。故答案是hasgrown。要点精讲2：在It/Thisisthefirst/second/third…time+that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。但是主语是过去时，从句要用过去完成时。例1：ItisthefirsttimethatIhavespokeninpublic.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。26.Thisisthefirsttimethathe__________(compete)againstatennischampion.27.Itwasthesecondtimehe____________(make)thesamemistake.【答案与解析】26.hascompeted。在It/Thisisthefirst/second/third…time+that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。故答案是hascompeted。27.hadmade。在It/Thiswasthefirst/second/third…time+that…从句中，从句常用过去完成时。故答案是hadmade。要点精讲3：在It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时。例：Thisisthemostinterestingnovelthathehaseverwritten.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。28.ZhongNanshanisthemostdistinguisheddoctorinChinathat___________(recognize)internationally.29.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI___________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.【答案与解析】28.hasbeenrecognized。在It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；同时语境暗示被动语态。故答案是hasbeenrecognized。29.haveattended。在It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；since从句也是暗示。故答案是haveattended。考点清单四、现在完成进行时典型用法要点精讲1：现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。例1：Wehavebeendiscussingthematterseveraltimesthisyear.例2：Hehasbeenwritingarticlestothenewspapersandmagazinessincehebecameateacher.【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。30.(2015陕西)Mary____________(work)reallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.31.(2016北京)—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We__________(wait)hereformorethantwohours.【答案与解析】30.hasbeenworking。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性，不间断性。故答案是hasbeenworking。31.havebeenwaiting。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。故答案是havebeenwaiting。要点精讲2：现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较区别现在完成进行时现在完成时区别一表示动作的重复一般不表示重复性区别二含有感情色彩一般是平铺直叙区别三强调事情的过程强调事情结果例1：Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他见面吗？例2：Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近见到过他吗？例3：Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我一直等了你两个小时。（可能表示不满）例4：Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我等了你两个小时。（说明一个事实）例5：Whohasbeeneatingtheoranges?谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些）例6：Whohaseatentheoranges?谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩）【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。32.(2016江苏)Dashan,who_________(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.33.IthinkAna________(finish)herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning.34.(2020天津)—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI__________(practice)alotthesedays.35.Sofarthelocalgovernment________newpolicieswhichaimtoreduceairpollutionandthey’veprovedeffective.(adopt)【答案与解析】32.hasbeenlearning。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是hasbeenlearning。33.hasfinished。考查时态。分析句子可知，“Ana(finish)herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning.”是宾语从句，提示词在句中作谓语动词，与主语Ana之间是主动关系；结合主句“Ithink”和从句“sinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning”中时态可知，Ana一大早就开始准备，“我”认为她现在已经收拾完毕，强调现在的结果，应用现在完成时；主语Ana是单数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填hasfinished。34.havebeenpractising。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是havebeenpractising。35．hasadopted。考查动词时态。根据时间状语Sofar可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是名词单数government，助动词用has。故填hasadopted。分层训练（一）高考真题【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2022全国甲)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao___________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighest(high)mountain.2.(2022新高考I)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.3.(2022浙江1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane____________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.4.(2022浙江1月)ButCobbandothers____________(be)nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,andchangingtheirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.5.(2022浙江1月)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists____________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.6.(2021北京)Asit____________(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.7.(2021北京)There____________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.8.(2021天津)Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.9.(2021浙江)Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,____________(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.10.(2020·天津卷)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.【答案与解析】1.haswalked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语inthelastfiveyears可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填haswalked。2.isdesigned。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语TheGPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填isdesigned。3.isviewed/hasbeenviewed。考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填isviewed或hasbeenviewed。4.are。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。7.hasbeen。考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语overthepast20years可知，此处使用现在完成时，adramaticrise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填hasbeen。8.arebeingdisplayed。考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故填arebeingdisplayed。9.hasproved/hasproven。考查动词时态语态。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句sinceitopenedtothepublic可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have+过去分词；主语Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填hasproved/hasproven。10.hasremained。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。eversince“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为thenumberofmedicalschools，thenumberof表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填hasremained。分层训练（二）模拟试题【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。11.Nowadays,swimming____________(consider)tobeoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.12.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement__________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.13.Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbus____________(wait)forus!14.Themanager____________(tell)theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a.m.15.Hisfirstnovel____________(receive)goodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.16.Thatpieceofmusicsoundsquitefamiliar.Who____________(play)thepianoupstairs?17.Unlessextramoney_____________(find),thetheatrewillclose.18.Thisisthefirsttimewethat____________(see)afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.19.Walmart,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains,____________(keep)someofitsstoreopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.20.—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand____________(write)hisessaythereeversince.【答案】11.isconsidered12.hasbeenreached13.iswaiting14.hasbeentelling15.hasreceived16.isplaying17.isfound18.haveseen19.keeps20.hasbeenwriting分层训练（三）单句改错【即时训练】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.(2022全国甲卷)Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcausingairpollution.Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.22.(2021·全国甲卷)Theykeptverymuchtothemselves.Inmyopinion,wheneverintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmost.23.Anewcinemaisbuilthere.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.24.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.25.Largequantitiesofmoneyhavespentinsearchingforacureforthisterriblediseasesofar.26.IreadhalfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishitattheweekend.27.Iwonderifitwillsnowtomorrow.Ifitsnowtomorrow,Iwillgoskiing.28.Asweallknow,theOlympicGamesheldeveryfouryears.29.Youarealwayssurfthenet!Whynotfinishyourhomeworkfirst?30.ThisisthefirsttimeIvisitedyourhometown,soIknowlittleaboutit.【答案】21.去掉been22.kept改为keep23.built前加being24.using改为used25.have后加been26.read前加have27.第二个snow改为snows28.held前加are29.surf改为surfing30.visited前加have分层训练（四）句式升级书面表达句式升级：请运用准确动词时态语态（现在时）翻译下列各句。31.(2022全国乙)以我之见，无论什么方法最适合我们就是好选择。32.(2022全国甲)说到海洋，其污染正变得越来越严重。33.(2022全国甲)只要我们尽最大努力，我们就可以对海洋环境有所作为。34.(2022全国甲)不幸的是，随着经济发展，近些年见证海洋正在被污染。35.(2022新高考I)这是我第一次邀请你参加我们的节目---TalkandTalk。36.(2022新高考I)如果你本周日有空的话，我和节目全体人员等你到来。37.(2021全国乙)目前，在线学习已经广为认可，在青少年间各位传播，因为其快捷、高效、低廉。38.(2021全国乙)因此期待我们成为智慧的在线学习者，通过理性管理我们的时间并经常做眼保操。39.(2021全国甲)据我所知，中国和西方国家有巨大文化差异。40.(2021新高考I)作为Youth的粉丝，我建议刊登外国青少年生活的文章会更好。【答案】31.AsfarasI'mconcerned,whatevermethodsuitsusbestisagoodchoice.32.Whenitcomestoocean,itspollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.33.Aslongaswetryourbest,wewillmakeadifferencetothemarineenvironment.34.Unfortunately,asoureconomyadvances,recentyearshaveseentheoceansbeingpolluted.35.ThisismyfirsttimethatIhaveinvitedyoutoattendourprogram—TalkandTalk.36.IfyouareavailableonthisSunday,ItogetherwiththewholeTalkandTalkstaffamwaitingforyourcoming.37.Nowadays,onlinestudyhasbeenwidelyadoptedandspreadincampusamongteenagers,withitsswiftness,efficiency,aswellaslowcost.38.Therefore,weareexpectedtobesmartonlinelearnersbysensiblymanagingourtimeonlineanddoingeye-exercisesregularly.39.Asfarasweknow,thereisahugeculturaldifferencebetweenChinaandthewesterncountries.40.AsafanofYouth,Irecommendthatitwillbebetterifitcarriessomearticlesaboutthelifeofforeignteens.分层训练（五）语篇运用（原创）热点话题：全球最重圈养大熊猫宝宝诞生体裁：说明文Afemalegiantpandacubweighing270.4gramsbecametheworld's41(heavy)captivepandanewborneverregistered,apandaresearchcenterinsouthwestChina'sSichuanProvincesaidonWednesday.Cuicui,4216-year-oldpanda,gavebirthtothecubattheWolongShenshupingpandabaseat9:39p.m.onAugust5,43(break)thepreviousbirthweightrecordof249gramsheldbyapandabornin2021,accordingtotheChinaConservationandResearchCenterforGiantPanda.Thecub'sdeliveryprocesswasworrisomeas44tookCuicuialongtimetoexhibitanylaborreactionafterherwaterbroke,accordingtoChengJianbin,Cuicui'skeeper.Thebabypandawaseventuallybornnearly40hoursafterCuicui'swaterbroke.ThelasttimeCuicuigavebirthwasin2018,45allherpreviouscubsweighedover200grams,Chengsaid,addingthatCuicuiis46(extreme)maternalandverygoodattakingcareofheryoung.Asthepandasareenteringtheirgestationperiodsoneafteranother,their47(keep)aretakingshiftsaroundtheclock48(monitor)thebearsthroughcamerasoron-site,offeringtimelyanalysistoensurethesmoothdeliveryandsafetyofthecubs.SinceJune,sixpandasatthecenterhavegivenbirthtocubs.Thecenter49(welcome)11newcubssofar,withfivepairsoftwins.Thisbirthingseason50(expect)tolastuntiltheendofAugust.41.heaviest42.a43.breaking44.it45.and46.extremely47.keepers48.tomonitor49.haswelcomed50.isexpected【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，据中国大熊猫保护研究中心（以下简称“熊猫中心”）消息，熊猫中心大熊猫“翠翠”于近日在卧龙神树坪基地产下一雌性幼崽，体重270.4克，这是迄今为止全球圈养大熊猫出生体重最重的熊猫幼崽。41.heaviest。本题考查形容词最高级用法。结合语境这里放在全球这个范围，应该用最高级。故填heaviest。42.a。本题考查不定冠词用法。4216-year-oldpanda作主语同位语，第一次提到，应用不定冠词。故填a。43.breaking。本题考查现在分词用法。结合语境这里应用现在分词短语作结果状语，同时与句子主语之间构成主动关系。故填breaking。44.it。本题考查代词it用法。这里考查Ittakessbtimetodosth。It用作形式主语。故填it。45.and。本题考查并列句用法。结合语境这里应用and连接并列句。故填and。46.extremely。本题考查副词用法。修饰动词应用副词。故填extremely。47.keepers。本题考查名词复数用法。结合语境这里应用名词复数形式，表示“大熊猫饲养员”。故填keepers。48.tomonitor。本题考查动词不定式用法。这里应用单词不定式作目的状语。故填tomonitor。49.haswelcomed。本题考查动词时态用法。sofar表示“到现在为止”，应与现在完成时连用。故填haswelcomed。50.isexpected。本题考查动词时态语态用法。Beexpectedtodo表示“期待做某事”。故填isexpected。分层训练（六）好题快递一、阅读理解Ch【2022届江苏省盐城市高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题】Somebirdsareinnerdecorators,placingbig,showyfeathers(羽毛)intheirnests.Butratherthandecoratingtheirhomes,thesebirdsmaybetryingtofrightennest-stealingneighbors.KarenWiebeisabehavioralecologistattheUniversityofSaskatchewaninSaskatoon,Canada.SheandhercolleagueSlagsvoldsawbirdsplacinglargefeathersonthesurfacesofnests.Thosefeatherswouldn’thelpwithwarmth.Theresearcherswonderedwhetherthebirdsmightbeusingthedecorationstosendamessage.Forbirdsthatnestinholes,competitionfornestscanbereallyviolent.Thesesomewhatrareholescanalsohidedangerbecausepredators(掠夺者)maybehidinginside.Ifanestcontainsfeathersorotherremains,itmightbeevidencethatapredatorhadbeenthere.Thoseholesmightnotbeasdesirable.WiebeandSlagsvoldassumedthatsomebirdsmayusefeatherstocreateamock(模拟的)killsite.Duringspring,whennestcompetitionisthemostviolent,thescientistssetuppairsofnestingboxes.Oneboxcontainedwhitefeathers.Theothereithercontainednofeathersorblackfeathers.Insidetheboxes,blackfeathersweremoredifficulttoseethanwhiteones.Usingvideocameras,theresearchersspiedonhowbirdsreactedtotheboxes.Whenbirdstooklongertoenter,thatsuggestedtheanimalswerescared.Birdshesitatedtoenterboxeswithwhitefeathers.Butwhenfeatherswereinfrontofanest,birdsjumpedrightupandgrabbedthem.Thatsuggestedthatbirdsweren’tafraidofthefeathersthemselves.“Itwasreallyinterestingtodiscoverthatbirdswereusingatricktohelpthemkeeptheirnests.”Wiebesays.Whenabirdleavesitsnesttosearchforfood,thatopensthedoorforaneststealer.“Butifitcanbuyalittletimebyscaringawaypredatorswiththesefeathers,thenithasabetterchanceofcomingbackintimetodefenditsnestsite.”28.Whatmakesthecompetitionfornestsintenseamongbirds?A.Thewarmthofnests. B.Thecrueltyofpredators.C.Thecolouroffeathers. D.Thequantityofholes.29.Whydidscientistssetuppairsofnestingboxes?A.Toprovethatbirdsaregoodatdecoratingtheirnests.B.Toexplorewhenbirdscompetefornestsmostseverely.C.Totestwhetherbirdssendmessagesthroughdecoration.D.Toinvestigateifbirdsareafraidofthefeathersthemselves.30.Whichofthefollowingnestingboxesarebirdsunwillingtoenter?A.Theonewithwhitefeathersoutside. B.Theonewithwhitefeathersinside.C.Theonewithblackfeathersoutside. D.Theonewithblackfeathersinside.31.Bywritingthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusthat________.A.birdscompetewitheachotherfornestsB.birds’livingenvironmentfacesgreatrisksC.birdsmayscareoffcompetitorswithatrickD.birds’featherscanguaranteetheirnestssafety【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然界的一种现象：一些鸟类在自己离巢觅食时会用鲜艳的大羽毛放在巢中，目的是用羽毛来假装掠食者从而吓退其他试图抢夺巢穴的同类。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Forbirdsthatnestinholes,competitionfornestscanbereallyviolent.Thesesomewhatrareholescanalsohidedangerbecausepredators(掠夺者)maybehidinginside.(对于那些在洞里筑巢的鸟类，争夺巢穴会是很激烈的事情。这些较为稀少的洞穴也会暗藏危险，因为掠夺者可能会藏在里面)”可知，对于筑巢洞穴的竞争变得激烈的原因就在于这样的洞穴本身较为稀少，所以才会有鸟类通过羽毛捍卫巢穴的现象，即洞穴数量少使得鸟类的竞争变得激烈故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Theresearcherswonderedwhetherthebirdsmightbeusingthedecorationstosendamessage.(研究人员想知道鸟类是否可能利用装饰传达信息)”和第四段“WiebeandSlagsvoldassumedthatsomebirdsmayusefeatherstocreateamock(模拟的)killsite.(Wiebe和Slagsvold假设某些鸟类可能利用羽毛来创造模拟的屠杀场)”及第五段第一句“Duringspring,whennestcompetitionisthemostviolent,thescientistssetuppairsofnestingboxes.(春天，巢穴竞争最激烈的时候，科学家们设置了一对巢箱)”可知，科学家们做这样的实验就是为了验证鸟类能否通过羽毛之类的装饰来向外界传递讯息。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Whenbirdstooklongertoenter,thatsuggestedtheanimalswerescared.(如果鸟类花更长时间才进去，就说明它们感到害怕)”和第六段第一句“Birdshesitatedtoenterboxeswithwhitefeathers.(鸟类在进入有着白色羽毛的箱子时会有所犹豫)”可知，实验中鸟类要进入有着白色羽毛的箱子时会犹豫，表明它们抗拒、不愿意进去。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。浏览全文，文章在第一段引出了要讨论现象，即鸟类会利用装饰性的羽毛来威吓掠食者，并详细介绍了生物学家Wiebe设计的实验，证实了第五段第一句提到的“Itwasreallyinterestingtodiscoverthatbirdswereusingatricktohelpthemkeeptheirnests.(鸟类会利用花招来帮助保护巢穴，这真是相当有趣的发现)”，这正是作者想告诉读者的事实，与C选项相符。故选C项。D【2023届河南省名校联盟高三上学期摸底联考英语试题】Chang’e-5returnedtoEarthonDecember16,2020,carryingaround2kilogramsofrocksandsoilsfromthemoon.Thesuccessfulmission(任务)marksabigstepforwardforChina’sspaceindustry.“Thesesampleswillbeatreasurechest!”BradJolliff,directoroftheMcDonnellCenterfortheSpaceSciencesatWashingtonUniversity,wroteinanemail,“MyhatisofftoourChinesecolleaguesforaccomplishingaverydifficulttask.”ThenewlycollectedrockscomefromaplaceclosetotheMonsRumkerthatwasbelievedtohavebeenvolcanicinancienttimes.Bycomparison,theageofthesesamplesarethoughttobebillionsofyearsyoungerthanthosebroughttoEarthbyApolloastronautsinthe1970s.Theywillhelpscientistsfillinagapinknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoonbetweenroughlyonebillionandthreebillionyearsago.Theymayalsohelpscientistsstudytheusefulmaterialsonthemoon.Chang’e-5isthethirdphaseoftheChineselunarexplorationprojectstartedintheearly2000s.OrbitersChang’e-1and2andthelandingandrovingmissionsChang’e-3and4markedthefirsttwostages.Chang’e-5missionismuchmorechallengingthanpreviousmissions.Newchallengesincludethesamplingandfollowingstages.“Weusuallycompletedtherocketlaunching(发射)ontheearthatafixedpoint.Wehaveaproventechniqueinthisfield.Butwestillhavedifficultiesintheliftoffofalunarlander.Wehavenevertriedthisbefore,”saidYuDengyun,deputychiefdesignerofChina’slunarexplorationprogram.ThesuccessofChang’e-5samplereturnmissionhasshownthatChinaisabletocarryoutitsplantobuildalong-termcrewedInternationalLunarResearchStation(ILRS)inthelunarsouthpoleregionduring2036~2045.SuccessofChang’e-5willalsoseeChang’e-6repurposedforalandingatthelunarsouthpolearound2023.Chang’e-6isasamplereturnspacecraftengineeredatthesametimeasChang’e-5toprovideabackupintheeventoffailure.32.WhyisBradJolliffsoexcitedaboutthelunarsamplesreturnedbyChang’e-5?A.Theyarecollectedforthefirsttime. B.Theyarefromalivevolcano.C.Theywillprovidemorevaluabledata. D.Theyarebillionsofyearsolder.33.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.ChinahasovercomethedifficultiesinbuildingILRS.B.YuwasworriedaboutChang’e-5samplereturnmission.C.Chinaisreadyformorechallenginglunarexplorations.D.The2036~2045missionwillbemuchmorechallenging.34.WhichspacecraftisverysimilartoChang’e-5?A.Chang’e-2. B.Chang’e-3. C.Chang’e-4. D.Chang’e-6.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.China’sGreatWinOvertheUnitedStatesB.China’sLunarExplorationsinTwentyYearsC.FutureExplorationProgramsforChang’eSpacecraftsD.Chang’e-5LunarSampleReturnMissionAccomplished【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嫦娥五号探月成果及意义。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Bycomparison,theageofthesesamplesarethoughttobebillionsofyearsyoungerthanthosebroughttoEarthbyApolloastronautsinthe1970s.Theywillhelpscientistsfillinagapinknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoonbetweenroughlyonebillionandthreebillionyearsago.Theymayalsohelpscientistsstudytheusefulmaterialsonthemoon.(相比之下，这些样本的年龄被认为比20世纪70年代阿波罗宇航员带到地球的样本年轻数十亿年。它们将帮助科学家填补大约10亿到30亿年前月球历史知识的空白。它们还可以帮助科学家研究月球上的有用物质。)”可知这次的样本意义重大，将为科学家进一