高中英语必修4Module4GreatScientists练习与解析

高中英语必修4Module4GreatScientists练习与剖析高中英语必修4Module4GreatScientists练习与剖析高中英语必修4Module4GreatScientists练习与剖析Module4GreatScientists练习与剖析Ⅰ.依照中文提示达成句子1._____(生物化学)isverypopularinsciencetoday.答案:Biochemistry2.Heisnot_____(

身体上地)illbutmentally(

思想上地)ill.答案:physically3._____(产量)ofcomputershasincreaseddoubleinthelastfewweeks.答案:Production4.Weprefer_____(质量)toquantity.答案:quality5.Thedoctor_____（诊疗）myillnessascold.答案:diagnosed6.The_____（本来的）ownerofthehousewastheDukeofWellington.答案:original7.Withnewtechnologyusedin_____(

农业)morecropsareproduced.答案:agriculture8.Thenewcity,Brasilia,

_____（取代）RiodeJaneiro

asthecapital

ofBrazilin1960.答案:replaced9.Thewriterwas_____（教育）ataverygoodschool.答案:educated10.Hisbook,_____(初版)theyearbeforelast,stillsellswellnow.答案:publishedⅡ.以下句子中每句都有一处错误，请在错误处画线，并将正确的答案添在句后的横线上1.IknowlittleaboutthegirlcallingSusan________.答案:calling

→called1.thegirl

和

call

之间有被动关系，所以要用过去分词作定语。2.Airpollution

is

the

greatest

trouble

having

been

caused

by

thefactory________.答案:去掉havingbeen2.causedbythefactory作trouble的定语，表示被动。3.Inthericegrownworld,YuanLongpingisaleadingfigure________.答案:rice

grown

→rice

growing3.rice-growing意思是“水稻栽种的”，作world

的定语。4.Allthechildrenherearewellfeeding________.答案:feeding→fed4.fed是过去分词，作表语，意思是“这里的所有孩子获得了很好的饲养”。5.Thefrighteneddogmadethegirlcry________.答案:frightened→frightening5.thedog和frighten之间是主动关系，“令人害怕的狗”，所以不用过去分词而用动词ing形式作定语。6.Everyonecannoticetheexcitinglookonherface________.答案:exciting→excited6.look，expression等表示人的表情的名词，平常用过去分词修饰。7.Thecattlebelongedtothefarmwerewelllookedafter________.答案:belonged→belonging7.thecattle和belongto是主动关系，要用动词ing形式作定语。8.Muchattentionshouldbepaidtothepeoplebeingaddictedtodrugs________.答案:去掉being8.addictedtodrugs是过去分词短语作people的定语。9.Thereisonlyonewaytoproducingricemorequickly________.答案:producing→produce9.way的定语能够用ofdoing或许todo，表示做某事的方法。10.Shelookedsadlyatthebreakingkite________.答案:breaking→broken过去分词broken作kite的定语。我综合我发展Ⅰ.听力听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman？A.Hehadtosaygoodbyetohisfriendattheairport.B.Hedidn'tgotothewoman'spartylastnight.C.Hehadtogotoanothercitywithhisfriend.答案:B(Text1)W:Iexpectedyou'dcometomybirthdaypartyyesterday.M:I'mterriblysorry，Susan.Ihadtoseeoffafriendlastnight.

of

mineat

theairport2.HowdoesthewomanfeelA.Veryglad.

？B.Verypainful.

C.Alittleangry.答案:C(Text2)M:Imustapologizefornotmeetingyouattheairportthisafternoon.Youmusthavebeenunhappy.W:Well，youshouldhaveletmeknowthatyouweren'tcoming.3.HowmanypeoplearethereinthedialogueA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.答案:B(Text3)

？W:I'msorrytohavekeptbothofyouwaiting.Thecarwasheldupinthetraffic.M:That'sallright.Wejustgothereourselves.4.HowwillthemangettoNewYorkA.Byair.B.Bybus.

？C.Bycar.答案:B(Text4)W:YouaregoingtoNewYorktoday

，aren'tyou

？M:Yes.IhadthoughtIwouldfly，butthenIdecidedthattakingabuswouldbecheaperthandrivingorflying.5.Whataretheygoingtodotomorrow？A.Theyaregoingtolistentotheweatherreport.B.Theywillgoswimming.C.Theywillgoboating.答案:C(Text5)W:Daddy，haveyoudecidedwhattodotomorrowM:We'llgoboatingifitisfine.

？W:Wonderful!I'msureitwillbefine.I'velistenedtotheweatherreport.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题

5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出

5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段资料，回答第6～8题。6.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakersA.Theyareparentandteacher.B.Theyareclosefriends.C.Theyareneighbors.

？答案:C(Text6)M:Excuseme，I'm

trying

to

dosomework.I'm

afraid

your

children

aremakingalotofnoise.Don'ttheyevergotosleep？W:I'msorry.Theyarenoisy.Butyouknowit'sdifficulttokeepboysquiet.M:Icouldn'tworkandIcouldn'tsleeplastnight.AndIwaswakenedbythenoisetheymadeearlythismorning.W:I'mterriblysorry.Youknowtheyneverlisten-tome.Theyareonlyafraidoftheirfather.He'sawayonbusiness

，buthe'llbebacktomorrow.M:Ihopehecandosomethingaboutit.7.Whatcanyoulearnfromthedialogue

？A.Themanismakingcomplaint（抱怨）tothewoman.B.Themanismakingsomesuggestiontothewoman.C.Themanissatisfiedaftertalkingtothewoman.答案:A(Text7)M:Oh，comein.W:Ijustdroppedintoreturnthesebooks.AreyougettingdinnerreadySomethingsmellsgood.

？M:Oh，I'mjustpreparingsomenoodles.W:Ithoughtyourwifedidthecooking.M:Shedid，butshesaidshewouldcomehomelatetoday.W:Soyou'rethecook.Whatareyouhavingwiththenoodles？M:Somecabbagesandtomatoes.Whydon'tyoustayandhavedinnerwithus

？W:Thanks，butnottoday.Ihavetohurryoff.Maybesomeothertime.8.What'snottheresultofthechildren'snoiseA.Themancouldn'twork.B.Themancouldn'tsleep.C.Themancouldn'teat.答案:C(Text8)

？M:Don'tyoujustlovethisstore？EverytimeIgothroughallthethingshere，Ialwaysfindsomethinginteresting.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.Lookatthisboxofclothesoverhere.Eachpiececostsonlyonedollar.M:LookatwhatIgothere!W:What？Sonowyou'reinterestedinwoolcoatsallofasudden.Theweatheristoowarmforit

，Ithink.M:No，notthat.I'm

talking

aboutthis

jacket

fromthe1950s.Isn't

it

nice？W:Yes，itis.Itonlycostsfivedollars，too.M:IthinkifIcleanitupalittleandgetthebuttonfixed，it'lllooklikeit'sworthamilliondollars!W:IthinkI'mgoingtobuythislittleskirtandthenI'llbereadytogo.Howaboutyou？M:I'mreadyanytimeyouare.听第7段资料，回答第9～11题。9.Wheredoesthisdialoguetakeplace？A.Attheman'shome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inacompany.答案:A(Text9)M:Hi，Jane.It'snicetoseeyouagain.IheardyouwenttotheUSduringyourvacation.W:Yes.IwenttoNewYorktoattendasummercourseinEnglish.M:Wow.Youwerelucky.Howlongdidyoustaythere？W:About50days.IwentthereonJuly5thandcamebackonAugust25th.M:Howaboutthecourse？W:Thecoursewasverygood.Theteacherswerenice.Theytaughtustolisten，speak，readandwriteinEnglish，butitwasmostlyspeaking.OneinterestingthingIfoundwasthattheAmericanclassesaredifferentfromourclassesherebecausetheyareveryfree.Youcansitanywhereyoulikeintheclassroom.Youcanasktheteacherquestionsatanytimeduringtheclass，andyouarewelcometoshareyourideas-withtheclass.Ireallylikedthiskindofclass.M:Howinteresting!Maybeourteachershouldtrythat.10.Whydoesthewomancometotheman'shome？A.Shewantstohavedinnerwithhim.B.Shecomestoreturnsomebooks.C.Shewantstolearnhowtocook.答案:B(Text10)Mr.GreywasthemanagerofasmallofficeinLondon.Helivedinthecountry，andcametoworkbytrain.Helikedwalkingfromthetrainstationtohisofficeunlessitwasraining，becauseitgavehimsomeexercise.Onemorninghewaswalkingalongthestreetwhenastrangerstoppedhimandsaidtohim，“Youmaynotrememberme，sir，butsevenyearsagoIcametoLondonwithoutapennyinmypockets.Istoppedyouinthestreetandaskedyoutolendmesomemoney，andyoulentmefivepounds，becauseyousaidthatyouwerewillingtotakeachancesoastogiveamanastartontheroadtosuccess.”Mr.Greythoughtforafewminutesandthensaid，“Yes，Irememberyou.Goonwithyourstory.“Well，”answeredthestranger，“areyoustillwillingtotakeachance？”11.Whodoesthecookingnow？A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Theman'swife.答案:A听第8段资料，回答第12～14题。12.Whatarethespeakersdoing？A.Tryingonclothes.B.Buyingnewclothes.C.Buyingoldclothes.答案:C13.Whatisthemaninterestedin？A.Acoat.B.Ashirt.C.Ajacket.答案:C14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepieceofclothesthemanisinterestedin？A.Somebuttonsaremissing.B.It'sworthmillionsofdollars.C.Itwasmadein1950.答案:A听第9段资料，回答第15～17题。15.Whatwasthewoman'smain

purpose

in

going

to

NewYork

during

thevacation？A.TolearnEnglish.B.TovisitanAmericanfamily.C.Todobusiness.答案:A16.WhendidthewomancomebackfromAmerica？A.OnJuly5th.B.OnJuly6th.C.OnAugust25th.答案:C17.WhatinparticulardidthewomanlikeabouttheAmericanclassesA.Theteacherswerekind.B.Thestudentswerequitefree.C.Thereweretoomanyactivitiesinclass.

？答案:B听第

10段资料，回答第

18～20题。18.Whydidhewalkfromthestationtohisoffice

？A.Tosavemoney.B.Tobuysomethingnecessary.C.Tohavemoreexercise.答案:C19.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueA.ThestrangeronceaskedMr.Greyformoney.B.ThestrangerandMr.Greykneweachotherverywell.

？答案:A20.Whatdidthelastsentencemean？A.HewantedtogiveMr.Greyachancetohelpothers.B.HewantedtoaskMr.Greyforsomemoremoney.C.HehopedMr.Greycouldhelphimtobesuccessfulinhiswork.答案:BⅡ.单项选择1.Youmightwonderhowit_______tolivewithouteatingforsomanymonths.A.keepsB.succeedsC.managesD.tries答案:C1.A、B项后边不能够接不定式；从句意可知，它指的是“成功地活下来”，tryto指“想法做某事，但不用然成功”。2.ThearrivaloftheEuropeansettlershadagreat_______onthelifeofNativeAmericans.A.possessionB.changeC.effectD.result答案:C2.hadagreateffecton是一个固定短语,意为“对有了很大影响”。possession拥有,财产；change改变；result结果。3.(2020

年东城区一模题

)Whenfirst_____tothemarket,thetoysdidn'tattractmuchattention

.A.introducingB.introducedC.wasintroducedD.beingintroduced答案:B3.剖析句子的构造和逻辑关系，能够把

whenfirst...

看作是一个省略句，相当于:Whenthetoyswerefirstintroduced,

这里

toys

与

introduced

是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。选项

C是过去时的被动语态，但主语不能省略。选项

D是现在分词一般式的被动语态，既表被动，又表正在进行。所以不符合逻辑。4.ItwasquiterightforYuanLongpingtothink

that_______

wasto

havemorericeandproduceitmorequickly.A.thekeytofeedingpeopleB.thekeytofeedpeopleC.thekeyoffeedingpeopleD.thekeyforfeedpeople答案:A4.key（钥匙，重点），answer（答案），solution（解决方案）等名词后边常和介词to连用，这是固定搭配，既然是介词，那么后边只能跟名词或动名词，所以答案为A。5.Asaresult

oftheuseofthenewtechnology，theproduction

ofthis

product______50percent.A.hasrisento

B.hasbeenraisedtoC.hasrisenbyD.hasbeenrisenby答案:C5.rose是不及物动词，不能够用被动语态；若是是增添或提高了百分之多少，必定用介词

by，用介词

to

时只能是详细数字。依照这两条可判断，答案为

C。6.______offood______tothecountriesstruckbytheseaquake

（海啸）.A.Largequantities

；issentB.Largequantities；aresentC.Largenumbers；issentD.Largenumber；aresent答案:B6.largequantitiesof/alargequantityof可数名词；largenumbersof/alargenumberof

既能够修饰可数名词又能够修饰不单好修饰可数名词。其他，当quantitiesof+

名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以答案为

B。7.Nowmanycropscanbeimproved______differentspeciesofplant

，suchasrice

，wheat.A.bymaking

B.bycrossingC.byconverting

D.bychanging答案:B这里bydoingsomething是指经过某种方式来做某事，经过知识我们能够判断，物种改进主要经过杂交，故答案为B。8.—Whyisn'ttherecorderreadyyet？—I'msorry.It______intheshop.A.isbeingrepairedB.isrepairedC.hasbeenrepairedD.hasn'trepaired答案:A本题察看时态和语态。依照语意，应当用现在进行时态的被动语态，所以正确答案为A，表示机器正在维修。—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It_______forweeks.A.hasn'tcleaned

B.didn'tcleanC.wasn'tcleaned

D.hasn'tbeencleaned答案:D依照时间状语可确定用现在达成时，表示已经有好几周没擦窗子了；依照句意应用被动语态。—Youaresolucky.—Whatdoyoumean_______that？A.forB.inC.ofD.by答案:D10.介词by表示方式“经，由”，Whatdoyoumeanbythat？的意思是“你说那个是什么意思？”。11.Thequestionnow______atthemeetingisveryimportant.A.discussedB.tobediscussedC.beingdiscussedD.discussing答案:C11.A、B、C三项非谓语动词均含被动意义，但过去分词表示已达成的动作，不定式表示未来的动作，现在分词表示正在发生的动作。本题依照句中now一词可判断应用现在分词的被动式。12.ThatistheplacewhereI_______whenIwasachild.A.wasusedtoliveB.usedtolivingC.usedtoliveD.amusedtoliving答案:C12.usedtodo过去经常；beusedtodo被用来；beusedtodoing习惯于。题中的定语从句意思是“我过去常住的地方”。故答案为C。13.youputyourheartintoyourstudy，you'llfeel_______init.A.Once；interestB.If；interestedC.Since；interestedD.When；interesting答案:B13.前半句是条件状语从句，用if引导符合题意，feel/be/becomeinterestedin对某事感兴趣。14.ThewayEnglishispracticing________itasoftenaspossible.A.learning；speakingB.tolearn；tospeakC.tolearn；speakingD.learning；tospeak答案:C14.way后边应用动词不定式作定语thewaytodo或许thewayofdoingsomething，而practice跟动名词作宾语。15.Thiskindofglassesmadebyexperiencedworkers_______comfortably.A.iswornB.wearsC.haswornD.hasbeenworn答案:B15.write，taste，wear等动词作及物动词时重申动作，作不及物动词时能够表示物体自己的特点。再如:Thepenwritessmoothly.Thefoodsellswell.Ⅲ.阅读理解A“Goforit!”Theexpression“Goforit!”isawayofencouragingsomeonetotrysomething.“Goforit!”meansyoushouldnotworryaboutfailureorbetocareful.Youshouldtakeachance,bebrave,andactfirmly.“Goforit!”getsnamefromfootball.NotfootballasitisplayedinmostcountriessuchasEngland,EgyptorJapan,butthekindoffootballplayedintheUnitedStatesandCanada.Oneofthemostexcitingtimesinfootballcomeswhenateamhasfailed,afterthreeattempts,tomovetheballforwardtenyards.Theteammustmakeacriticaldecision.Theconservative(保守)choiceistokicktheballandaccepttemporarydefeatinordertogainagoodpositionforyourteamthenexttimeitgetstheball.Themoreexcitingchoice,however,istotryafourthandfinaltimetogaintheremainingyardsneeded.Peoplepresentarecertaintoshouttheiradvice.Somewillshout:“Kicktheball!”Butotherswillencouragetheteamtotakeachance.“Goforit!”theywillscream.Inthenineteeneighties,peoplebeganusingthisexpressioninmanykindsofsituationstoencouragesomeonetoactbravely.Thereisnoguarantee(保证)thattheactionyou“goforit”willsucceed.Butthatisthechanceyoutakewhenyoudecidetogoforit.Youputyourfearsbehind.Youchoosecourageoversafety.Youholdyourbreathandgoforit.本文是一篇励志讨论文，表达了“Goforit!”的意义并激励人们“Goforit!”1.Theexpression“Goforit!”comesfrom_______.A.EnglishfootballB.EgyptianfootballC.JapanesefootballD.Americanfootball答案:D1.本题为细节题。从“‘Goforit!’getsnamefromfootball”和“thekindoffootballplayedintheUnitedStates”这两句话可知“Goforit!”根源于美国的橄榄球运动。2.Accordingtothepassage,whenwedecidetogoforit,weonlyconsider_____.A.safetyB.actionC.resultD.situation答案:B2.本题为句意理解题。从第二段“‘Goforit!’meansyoushouldnotworryaboutfailureorbetocareful.Youshouldtakeachance,bebrave,andactfirmly.”可推知答案。3.Inwhichofthefollowingsituationsshouldweusetheexpressionnowadays?A.Wedecidetoavoidtroubleordangerforthefuture.B.WetrytoimproveourEnglishforbettereducation.C.Weneedtomakeaquickdecisionatthelastmoment.D.Wehavetomakeachoicebetweensuccessandfailure.答案:C本题为推断题。联合上题的剖析，我们能够除去A、D项，而B项与文章没关。BDoyousupposeDarwin,oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,reallydidfools'experiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknowtheanswertoaquestionorthesolution(解决方法)toaproblem.Sometimes,theyreallydoknowananswerorasolution,butwithoutthinkingtheyareimportant.CharlesDarwindidn'tsettlefor(满足于)justthinkingheknewsomething.And,hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareofexactlythesamesizeandshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace,theywillfallinthesameway.Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatight(紧的)littleballandletitdropalongwiththeothersheets.Whathappens?Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthinkitcouldn'tbeworthanything.Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant.Itexplainspartofourpresentdayunderstandingsofphysics,ideasthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.Scientistsometimesstopstolookatverysimplethingsandtothinkveryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshakethefoundationsofscience.本文经过表达达尔文也会做傻事这一故事，说明达尔文是一个善于从另一个角度思考的科学家，他的“傻”恰好是他成功的原因。4.ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin_______.A.wasagreatEnglishscientistB.alwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficultC.thoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportantD.didn'tgetwellwithothers答案:C本题为判断题。短文并没有说CharlesDarwin是哪个国家的科学家,可除去A；由第二段可知别人认为Darwin的很多实验不值得做,可把B除去；文中没有阐述Darwin与别人相处的事情,可除去D。由“hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.

”可推出答案

C。5.ThephraseA.throwawayC.puttouse

“setaside”mostprobablymeans_______.B.storeupD.realize答案:A本题为词义猜想题。由上文可知作者认为做这个简单实验是重要的,它讲解了目先人们关于物理方面的理解。所以这些理解自然是推翻了一些希腊古典物理学的见解。由此可推知setaside与throwaway同义。6.Theauthorofthepassagetriesto________.A.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,Galileo

and

Newtonare

the

greatestscientistsintheworldB.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethingsC.provethattwosheetsofpaper,withthesamesizeandshape,willfallatthesamespeedD.drawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus答案:D6.本题为要旨粗心题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能摇动科学的基础,意在告诉读者要留神身边的每一件事,哪怕它特别简单。7.WhichoneofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Darwinreallydidfools'experiments.B.AccordingtosomepeopleDarwindidfoolishexperiments.C.Itisbelievedbyallthepeoplethatthingscouldbeimportantthoughtheyseemedtobesimple.D.GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics.答案:B7.本题为细节察看题。短文第一段第二句“Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?”明确告诉我们,有些人认为Darwin做了笨拙的实验。8.WhatcanwelearnfromDarwininthepassage?A.Heiscurious.B.Heiscareful.C.Heisfoolish.D.Heiscleverthanallthepeople.答案:A选项A能够从第三段第一句表现，选项B没有表现，选项C错误，选项D是不能能建立的。CBillMicrosoft

Gates,theheadoftheworld'sCorporation,hasamission,

biggestcomputersoftwarecompany,the“Putcomputersoneveryofficedeskandineveryhome.”BillGateshashadthismissionsincehewasauniversitystudentnineteenyearsago.Thisdeeppersonalinterest,togetherwithhistechnicalskillandhisbusinessmarketingskillshelpedhimtocreateagiantcomputercompanyandtomakehimwealthy.Althoughheissowealthy,BillGatesdoesnotwanttogiveup.Heisstillveryinterestedinhisvision(远见)andhetravelstheglobe,fromBeijingtoLondon,makingquickstopsincitiestosellthenewsoftwareproductsofhiscompany.ThecentralvisionofBillGatesisthe“informationhighway”.Thisisanetworkofcomputersthatwilllinkeveryhome,officeandshoppingmallinthefuture.Thiscomputernetworksystemwillhaveaneffectonbusiness,shoppingandeducation.BillGatessaysthatthemainuseofthisnewtechnologywillbeincommunication.BillGatessaysthatthemainuseofthisnewtechnologywillbeincommunication.Itwillbeawaytofindpeoplewithcommoninterestsandtoshareopinionswiththem.Butisthiscommunicationbycomputersalongthe“i