2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市大荔县高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

陕西省渭南市大荔县2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhosaysyouhavetostayindoorswhenthetemperaturesdrop?Herearefavoriteplacestoexplorethiswinter.Athens,GreeceInAthens,everyNovembertemperaturestayaroundthemid-20s,sohaveatriptotheParthenonandAcropolis.AfullafternoonisalsonecessaryforexploringtheMuseumofCycladicArtanditsexhibitions—recentlyithashostedPicasso’s.InthestreetsofthePysrridistrictisahiddenholeinthewall,fromwhichonecangodowntothebasementrestaurant,Diporto.Huaraz,PeruTosome,PerugivespeopleimagesofstudentsinprintedshortsonatourofMachuPicchu.There’sobviouslysomuchmoretodointheUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)site.AnyhikethroughthesurroundingHuascaranNationalParkwillmakeyoufeellikeyou’vesteppedintoTheLordoftheRings.AprilandNovemberareconsidered“shoulderseason”,whichmeansfewercleardaysbutyoucanenjoythetrails(路线)withfewerpeople.Edinburgh,UKYes,it’sprobablygoingtobefreezingcold.Hotcoffeesteamupinapleasing,romanticfashionincafes.Peoplecantakeafewminutes’walkfromtheScottishNationalPortraitGallery.ForsimpleScottishdishesthere’sneighborhoodinn,theLittleChartroom.AndtheSheepHeidInnhasbeenlongenoughtohaveservedMary,QueenofScots.Intheeightbedroomsatthe18thcenturyRockHouse,eachisamixtureofancientdetailsandcurrentfashion.Valletta,MaltaFlightsfromtheUKtoMalta’scapitalareonlyaround£30,makingitoneofthebestdestinationsforaNovembertrip.Thistinycityhasatemperatureof17orsoandhaschangeditselfintoayear-roundcitybreakwithartisticcafes,hotelsandnewlyopenedgalleries—MuzaopenedlastyearandhousestheformerNationalGallerycollection.1.WhichplacehasexhibitedPicasso’sworkslately?A.Muza. B.NationalGallery.C.TheMuseumofCycladicArt. D.ScottishNationalPortraitGallery.2.Whichofthefollowingisthecoldestinwinter?A.Athens. B.Valletta. C.Huaraz. D.Edinburgh.3.WhatisspecialaboutRockHouse?A.ItservedtheQueenofScotland. B.Itcombinesancientandmodernstyles.C.Ithasatleasteightkindsofrooms. D.ItoffersScottishlocalspecialties.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要讲读者介绍4个在冬天也可以去玩的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Athens,Greece第一段“AfullafternoonisalsonecessaryforexploringtheMuseumofCycladicArtanditsexhibitions—recentlyithashostedPicasso’s.”（一整个下午来探索MuseumofCycladicArt和那里的展览品也是必要的——最近，它刚刚举办了毕加索的。）可知，MuseumofCycladicArt最近刚刚举办了毕加索的作品。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Edinburgh,UK“Yes,it’sprobablygoingtobefreezingcold.”（是的，那里很可能将要冻死了。）可知，Edinburgh是最冷的地方。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Edinburgh,UK的第二段“Intheeightbedroomsatthe18thcenturyRockHouse,eachisamixtureofancientdetailsandcurrentfashion.”（在18世纪的RockHouse里的18个卧室里，每一个都是古代细节和现代时尚的结合。）可知，在RockHouse里有古代和现代的结合。故选B。BWilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublinonJune13,1865.Hischildhoodlackedtheharmony(和睦)thatwastypicalofahappyfamily.Later,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered"littleofchildhoodbutitspain".Infact,heinherited(继承)excellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.Buthefinallysettledonliterature,particularlydrama(戏剧)andpoetry.Yeatshadstrongfaithincomingofnewartisticmovements.HesethimselfthefreshtaskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelate1890s.Hisearlytheatricalexperiments,however,werenotreceivedfavourablyatthebeginning.Hedidn’tloseheart,andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.Comparedwithhisdramaticworks,Yeats’spoemsattractmuchadmiringnotice.Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.ThoughYeatsgenerallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodernsensibilitytothem.Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwiderecognition.HehadnotenjoyedamajorpubliclifesincewinningtheNobelPrizein1923.Yet,hecontinuedwritingalmosttotheendofhislife,forthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproducedhisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and70.Hediedin1939,aged73.4.WhichofthefollowingcandescribeYeats’sfamily?A.ItfilledYeats’schildhoodwithlaughter.B.ItwasshockedbyYeats’schoice.C.Itwasatypicallywealthyfamily.D.Ithadanartisticatmosphere.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTTRUEaboutYeats’poems?A.Thethemeofhispoemsincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.B.Hispoemscatchmoreattentionthanhisdramaticworks.C.HispoemsonlyreceiverecognitioninIreland.D.Hispoemscarriedtraditionalformsandmodernsensibility.6.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguide.B.Aliteraryjournal.C.Asciencebook.D.Ahealthmagazine.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Yeats’sliteraryachievements.B.Yeats’shistoricalinfluence.C.Yeats’sartisticambition.D.Yeats’snationalhonour.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要关于爱尔兰最著名的作家WilliamButlerYeats的生平介绍和文学成就。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Infact,heinherited(继承)excellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.Buthefinallysettledonliterature,particularlydrama(戏剧)andpoetry.(事实上，他从家庭中继承了优秀的艺术品味——他的父亲和他的兄弟都是画家。但他最终选择了文学，尤其是戏剧和诗歌)”可知推，Yeats的家庭有艺术氛围。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwiderecognition.(随着他文学生涯的发展，他的诗歌变得更加优美和丰富，这使他得到了全世界的认可)”可知，C选项“他的诗只在爱尔兰得到认可”描述错误。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublinonJune13,1865.(WilliamButlerYeats，爱尔兰最著名的作家，1865年6月13日出生于都柏林)”以及下文描述可知，本文是关于爱尔兰最著名的作家WilliamButlerYeats的生平介绍和文学成就。由此推知，本文最有可能摘自文学杂志。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublinonJune13,1865.(WilliamButlerYeats，爱尔兰最著名的作家，1865年6月13日出生于都柏林)”以及下文描述可知，本文是关于爱尔兰最著名的作家WilliamButlerYeats的生平介绍和文学成就。故选A。CRecentlywecelebratedmygrandmother’s90thbirthday.Familymemberstraveledtomyhometowntovisither.ThiswasthefirsttimeinmanyyearsthatIhadseensomanyofthem.Thoughthiswasanopportunitytoseefamily,manypeopledidnotmakeit.Honestly,livingfarfromhometown,Ihadmissedmanyfamilygatherings.ButthisonemademerealizehowmuchIwasreallymissing.ItseemedstrangewhenIwaslookingatthelaces,realizingwhomtheywereandgreetingthemwithopenarms.Afterchattingforawhile,wecaughtuponeachother’snews.Severalrelativessuggestedhavingafamilyreunionsoonifeveryonewasn’tsobusy.Butmygrandmother’sgenerationwasmuchbusier,yetstillfoundtimetogather.Theyunderstoodtheimportanceofvisitingoneanother.Theyknewtimeisflyingandthatthoseyoucareaboutmostwon’tbehereforever.Today,wefocusonourcareersandraisingourkids.Ourextendedfamilyisn’tthecenteritoncewas.Besides,wekeepintouchonsocialmedia.Butwhatwereallymissarethepotatosalad,themomentsoflaughterandsuddenburstsofexcitementwhenwehugsomeonewehaven’tseenforover10years.Althoughthenextget-togetherisalwaysayearorsoaway,peoplearen’tgoodsandeveryonehasanexpiration(到期)dale.Ileftmygrandmother’spartywithamuchbettersenseofwhoIamandwhereIcomefrom.IspentvaluabletimewithpeoplewhocontributedtowhoIamtoday.IhadforgottenhowmuchIlovethemandIwasremindedhowmuchIamloved.8.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutmissingpreviousfamilygatherings?A.Indifferent. B.Sad. C.Regretful. D.Annoyed.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sgrandmother’sgeneration?A.Theywerecarefree. B.Theyheldfamilydear.C.Theytooktimeseriously. D.Theyseldomvisitedfamily.10.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythelastsentenceinparagraph3?A.Familyreunionsmeannofun.B.Allgoodsdon’thaveanexpirationdate.C.Peoplearealwaystoobusytogettogether.D.Weshouldseelovedonesmorebeforeit’stoolate.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Toconvincereaderstomeetfriends.B.Toshareaninterestingfamilyreunion.C.Tostressthevalueoffamilygatherings.D.Tocomparedifferentgenerations’values.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加了祖母的家庭聚会，在聚会上一家人其乐融融，使作者对家庭聚会的意义有了更为深刻的理解。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Honestly,livingfarfromhometown,Ihadmissedmanyfamilygatherings.ButthisonemademerealizehowmuchIwasreallymissing.(实话说，我因为离家远错过了许多家庭聚会，但这一次让我意识到了我真正地错过了太多东西)”可知，作者对之前错过家庭聚会感到后悔，故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Butmygrandmother’sgenerationwasmuchbusier,yetstillfoundtimetogather.Theyunderstoodtheimportanceofvisitingoneanother.Theyknewtimeisflyingandthatthoseyoucareaboutmostwon’tbehereforever.(但是我的祖母那一代人要忙得多，但是她们仍旧找时间聚会。他们懂得相互看望的重要性。她们懂得时光飞逝，而且你在乎的人不会永远都在)”可推理出，祖母那一代人很珍惜与家人相处的时刻，故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Althoughthenextget-togetherisalwaysayearorsoaway,peoplearen’tgoodsandeveryonehasanexpiration(到期)dale.(尽管下一次相聚会在左右以后，但是人不是商品而且每个人都有终止日期)”可知，作者要表达的意思是每个家人都会离去，我们应该在家人仍在世的时候，珍惜你爱着的家人，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ileftmygrandmother’spartywithamuchbettersenseofwhoIamandwhereIcomefrom.(我离开祖母的家庭聚会后，对于我是谁我从哪里来有了更好的理解)”可知，作者对家庭聚会有了更深刻的理解，写这篇文章意在强调家庭聚会的的重要性，故选C项。DScientistshavefiguredouthowCOVID-19causesmanypeopletolosetheirsenseofsmell.Andtheyhavegoodnews:Thelossoftheirsmellappearstobetemporarybecausetheactualcellsinthenosethatrecognizesmellaren’tharmed.Temporarylossofsmelliscalledanosmiabydoctors.It’soneoftheearliestandmostcommonlyreportedindicatorsofCOVID-19.Infact,studiessuggestitcanbetterpredictwhethersomeonelikelysuffersfromthediseasethanfeverandcough.Buttobeexact,whypeoplewithCOVID-19stopbeingabletosmellwasunclear.Itwasthoughtthatdamageorinflammation(炎症)ofthesensorynervecellsthatdetectandsendthesenseofsmelltothebraincausedtheproblem.Thatturnedouttobewrong.InapaperpublishedonFriday,researchersfoundthatSARS-CoV-2,thevirusthatcausesCOVID-19,attacksthecellsthatsupportthosesmell-detectingneurons(神经元)butnottheneuronsthemselves.“Thenovelcoronaviruschangesthesenseofsmellinpatientsnotbydirectlyinfectingneuronsbutbyaffectingthefunctionofthosesupportingcells,”saidSandeepRobertDatta,aprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchool.That’sgoodnewsbecauseitmeanstheinfectionisn’tlikelytopermanentlydamageCOVID-19patients’smellnerves.“Oncetheinfectiondisappears,smellneuronsdon’tappeartoneedtobereplacedorrebuiltfromscratch,”hesaid.“Butweneedmoredataandabetterunderstandingofthehiddentheorytoconfirmthisconclusion.”COVID-19patientstypicallyrecovertheirsenseofsmelloverthecourseofseveralweeks.Inotherinfectionscausedbyaviruspatientcantakemonthstoregaintheirsenseofsmell.12.WhichcanbetterpredicttheinfectionofCOVID-19?A.Lossofsmell. B.Constantcough.C.Highfever. D.Temporaryunconsciousness.13.WhatisthenewdiscoverypublishedonFriday?A.Thenovelcoronaviruschangesthesenseofsmell.B.ThevirusthatcausesCOVID-19willkillsmellnerves.C.ThevirusofCOVID-19doesn’tattackthosesmell-detectingneurons.D.TheinfectionofCOVID-19permanentlydamagespatients’smellnerves.14.Whydoestheauthormentionothervirusinfectionsinthelastparagraph?A.Tosharehisorherrelevantknowledge.B.ToproveshortersmelllossofCOVID-19patients.C.Tointroducethenexthottopicaboutvirusinfection.D.Toconcludethebadresultsofdifferentinfections.15.Whatofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PatientslivingwithCOVID-19willsoonrecoverB.COVID-19iseasytopredictbyseveralsymptomsC.WillCOVID-19destroyyournervesystem?D.WillCOVID-19patients’smelllosslastlong?【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了科学家已经弄清楚了2019冠状病毒是如何导致许多人丧失嗅觉的，科学家表明，这种嗅觉的丧失只是暂时的。【详解】12.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Temporarylossofsmelliscalledanosmiabydoctors.It’soneoftheearliestandmostcommonlyreportedindicatorsofCOVID-19.Infact,studiessuggestitcanbetterpredictwhethersomeonelikelysuffersfromthediseasethanfeverandcough.”(嗅觉暂时丧失被医生称为嗅觉缺失。这是最早也是最常见的2019冠状病毒疾病症状之一。事实上，研究表明，相比发烧和咳嗽，它能更好地预测某人是否患上这种疾病。)可知，嗅觉丧失能更好地预测某人是否感染上了2019冠状病毒，故选A。13.细节理解题。根据第四段“InapaperpublishedonFriday,researchersfoundthatSARS-CoV-2,thevirusthatcausesCOVID-19,attacksthecellsthatsupportthosesmell-detectingneurons(神经元)butnottheneuronsthemselves.”(在上周五发表的一篇论文中，研究人员发现，SARS冠状病毒2型——引起2019冠状病毒疾病的病毒，攻击的是支持那些嗅觉神经元的细胞，而不是这些嗅觉神经元本身。)可知，2019冠状病毒不会攻击那些嗅觉神经元本身，故选C。14.推理判断题。根据最后一段“COVID-19patientstypicallyrecovertheirsenseofsmelloverthecourseofseveralweeks.Inotherinfectionscausedbyaviruspatientscantakemonthstoregaintheirsenseofsmell.”(2019冠状病毒患者通常需要几周的时间才能恢复嗅觉。在其他由病毒引起的感染中，病人需要几个月的时间才能恢复嗅觉。)可知，在其他由病毒引起的感染中，病人需要几个月的时间才能恢复嗅觉。但是，2019冠状病毒患者恢复嗅觉的时间更短，通常需要几周就能会恢复。由此可知，作者此处提到其他其他病毒的感染是为了证明2019冠状病毒患者嗅觉丧失的时间更短，故选B。15.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“ScientistshavefiguredouthowCOVID-19causesmanypeopletolosetheirsenseofsmell.Andtheyhavegoodnews:Thelossoftheirsmellappearstobetemporarybecausetheactualcellsinthenosethatrecognizesmellaren’tharmed.”(科学家们已经弄清楚了2019冠状病毒是如何导致许多人丧失嗅觉的。他们有好消息：嗅觉的丧失似乎是暂时的，因为鼻子里识别气味的实际细胞没有受到伤害。)可知，文章主要讲了科学家已经弄清楚了2019冠状病毒是如何导致许多人丧失嗅觉的，科学家表明，这种嗅觉的丧失只是暂时的。所以D选项“WillCOVID-19patients’smelllosslastlong?”(2019冠状病毒病人的嗅觉丧失会持续很久吗？)最适合做文章标题，故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Chinesepeople’sEnglishproficiency(熟练)hasimprovedinthepastyearscomparedtoothernon-Englishspeakingcountries,areportreleasedonTuesdaysaid.____16____Itscores53.44outof100pointsthisyear,1.5pointsmorethanlastyear.Thisyear’sreportwasbasedontheEFStandardEnglishTestresultsofmorethan2.3millionadultswhoweretestedontheirabilitytounderstandwrittenandspokenEnglish.____17____Theirmedianagewas23,and59percentwerewomen,thereportsaid.JesperKnutell,executivevice-presidentandgeneralmanagerofcorporatesolutions,EFChina,saidChina’sincreaseinrankingswasfortwomainreasons.____18____Theirlong-termcommitmenttoEnglisheducationandincreasedinvestmentinthelanguagealsomadeagreatdifference.“____19____BecauseIlearnedEnglish,IhadtheopportunitytostudyatHarvardUniversity,whereIreceivedaPhD.Ialsotaughtfor10yearsatYaleUniversityandtheUniversityofMichigan,”saidNingQiang,professoratCapitalNormalUniversityinBeijing.Headded,“IamaproductofgoodEnglishproficiencyandanexampleofhowimportantgoodEnglishproficiencyistopeopledlearningopportunitiesandcareeradvancement.”ToimproveEnglishproficiency,peopleshouldstudyEnglisheverydayinsessionsof20to40minutesratherthanforhoursatatime,Knutellsaid.____20____HeaddedthatwatchingTV,readingandlisteningtotheradioinEnglishcanalsohelp.A.Englishhaschangedmylife.B.Englishbenefitsmycareeralot.C.China’srankingrosesevenplacesto40thamong100countries.D.Chinesepeople’sstrongdesiretounderstandtheworldcounted.E.Thereportwaswidelyacceptedbythepeoplearoundtheworld.F.Thenumberofparticipantsworldwideincreasedby27%thisyear.G.Theyshouldmemorizevocabularyandbeginusingitimmediately.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.G【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与其他非英语国家相比，中国人的英语水平有所提高。【16题详解】根据上文“Chinesepeople’sEnglishproficiency(熟练)hasimprovedinthepastyearscomparedtoothernon-Englishspeakingcountries,areportreleasedonTuesdaysaid.”(本周二发布的一份报告称，在过去几年里，与其他非英语国家相比，中国人的英语水平有所提高。)可知，这里说了一份报告的内容。E.Thereportwaswidelyacceptedbythepeoplearoundtheworld.这份报告被世界各地的人们广泛接受。E选项中也提到报告，呼应前文，故选E。【17题详解】上文“Thisyear’sreportwasbasedontheEFStandardEnglishTestresultsofmorethan2.3millionadultswhoweretestedontheirabilitytounderstandwrittenandspokenEnglish.”(今年的报告是根据英孚标准英语测试的结果得出的，测试对象是230多万成年人的英语听说读写能力。)F.Thenumberofparticipantsworldwideincreasedby27%thisyear.(今年，全球参与人数增加了27%。)中“participants”指上文出现的“morethan2.3millionadults”，承接上文，故选F。【18题详解】根据下文“Theirlong-termcommitmenttoEnglisheducationandincreasedinvestmentinthelanguagealsomadeagreatdifference.”(他们对英语教育的长期投入和对语言的投资也起到了很大的作用。)得知，本段提到了“long-termcommitment”，对应D选项中的“Chinesepeople’sstrongdesire”，符合语境，D选项“中国人了解世界的强烈愿望很重要。”切题，故选D。【19题详解】根据下文“BecauseIlearnedEnglish,IhadtheopportunitytostudyatHarvardUniversity,whereIreceivedaPhD.”(因为我学了英语，我有机会在哈佛大学学习，并在那里获得了博士学位。)可知，我因为学习英语改变了命运，A.Englishhaschangedmylife.(英语改变了我的生活。),引起下文，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“ToimproveEnglishproficiency,peopleshouldstudyEnglisheverydayinsessionsof20to40minutesratherthanforhoursatatime,Knutellsaid”(努特尔说，为了提高英语水平，人们应该每天学习20到40分钟，而不是一次学几个小时)可知，此处讲的是学习英语的方法，G.Theyshouldmemorizevocabularyandbeginusingitimmediately.(他们应该记住词汇并立即开始使用。)承接上文，故选G。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnJuly20,YuYifei,a26-year-oldmedicalintern(实习生)atPeople’sHospitalofZhengzhou,madehiswayhomeinasubwaytrainonLine5afterhisfirstday’straining.Whendownpoursstruckthecity,he____21____aboutadozenpeopletrappedinafloodedsubwaytrainastherainfallinZhengzhoureached201.9millimetersbetween4pmand5pm,atotallynew____22____inthehistoryofZhengzhou.Floodwaters____23____abarrierandenteredtheundergroundarea.Thetraincametoasuddenstopbeforethewaterbegan____24____inthecarriages,trappingpassengersinside.ThusYu,____25____toleaveandfearingforhislife,madea____26____calltohisfather.Aswatercontinuedtoflowintothecarriages,passengers’____27____rose.Whensubwayworkersarrivedtowithdrawthem,Yu____28____togetout.Ashemadehiswaytosafety,heheardacryforhelpfromsomeoneneedingadoctor.Hequickly____29____thewhitemedicalcoatgiventohimatthehospital_____30_____andreturnedtotheplatformtosavehim.Onseeinghim,anumberoffrightenedpeopleweregreatlyencouragedandtheirspirits_____31_____.Someevenapplaudedhim.Asmorepassengerswerepulledfromthe_____32_____,Yuinstructedothersinthekeystepstosaveavictimfromdrowning.He_____33_____CPR,orfirstaid,tothoseinlow-temperatureshockfromthecoldwaterandneardeathfromdrowning.Oneofthepassengers,afemaledoctor,nearlydied.After_____34_____consciousnessandstrength,shejoinedYuintreatingothers.Yuwas_____35_____andneededallhisconcentrationtoperformanotherCPRprocedure.Thatnightonasubwaystationplatform,he_____36_____anexhaustingsixhoursgivingCPRtopassengerswho_____37_____surviveddrowning.Healsotreatedtheinjured.He_____38_____thesubwaystationataboutmidnight,withthewhitecoatspottedwithbloodand_____39_____.Threehourslater,hemethisfather.Withtearsineyes,hisfatherandpeople_____40_____smiledandgavehimthethumbs-up.21.A.saw B.prevented C.kept D.saved22.A.record B.height C.point D.depth23.A.pushed B.made C.burst D.pulled24.A.rising B.falling C.reaching D.disappearing25.A.uncertain B.unfortunate C.unusual D.unable26.A.foolish B.unique C.considerate D.desperate27.A.excitement B.fears C.adaptation D.deaths28.A.managed B.failed C.intended D.hesitated29.A.triedon B.goton C.puton D.lookedon30.A.later B.further C.earlier D.former31.A.gained B.lifted C.sank D.ran32.A.platform B.air C.boat D.water33.A.stopped B.continued C.explained D.refused34.A.regaining B.refreshing C.reminding D.replacing35.A.bored B.heartbroken C.energetic D.exhausted36.A.wasted B.needed C.obtained D.spent37.A.only B.obviously C.narrowly D.never38.A.left B.approached C.crossed D.rescued39.A.sweat B.medicine C.mud D.tears40.A.ontheair B.onthespot C.onholiday D.onboard【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.C31.B32.D33.B34.A35.D36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述于逸飞，一名郑州人民医院的实习医生,在郑州7月20号特大暴雨中拯救被大雨围困在地铁上的人的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当倾盆大雨袭击这个城市的时候，他拯救了大约十几个被困在洪水淹没的地铁列车中的人，因为郑州的降雨量在下午4点到5点之间达到了201.9毫米，这在郑州历史上是一个全新的记录。A.saw看见；B.prevented预防；C.kept保持；D.saved拯救。根据最后一段“Thatnightonasubwaystationplatform,he________anexhaustingsixhoursgivingCPRtopassengerswho________surviveddrowning.(那天晚上，在地铁的站台上，他花了六个小时给那些差一点被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏)”可知，他拯救了十几个人的生命。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当倾盆大雨袭击这个城市的时候，他拯救了大约十几个被困在洪水淹没的地铁列车中的人，因为郑州的降雨量在下午4点到5点之间达到了201.9毫米，这在郑州历史上是一个全新的记录。A.record记录；B.height高度；C.point点；D.depth深度。根据空格前后可知，这是郑州历史上的最新记录。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：洪水冲破了护栏进入了地铁。A.pushed推；B.made制造，做；C.burst使炸开，使破裂；D.pulled拉。根据空格前后可知，此处指洪水冲破了护栏。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在水进入车厢之前，地铁突然停下，把乘客困在了车厢里。A.rising上升；B.falling跌落；C.reaching到达；D.disappearing消失。根据空格前后可知，在水进入车厢之前地铁停了。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不确定能不能离开，担心自己的生命安全，因此，于逸飞很贴心的给自己的父亲打了一个电话。A.uncertain不确定；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.unusual不同寻常的；D.unable不能。根据上文“trappingpassengersinside”可知，于不确定自己能不能活着离开。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不确定能不能离开，担心自己的生命安全，因此，于逸飞很贴心的给自己的父亲打了一个电话。A.foolish愚蠢的；B.unique独特的；C.considerate体贴的，考虑周全的；D.desperate拼命的，绝望的。根据上文可知，害怕自己不能活着走出去，所以跟贴心的给父亲打了电话让父母保重身体。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词义辨析。句意：随着水继续流进车厢，乘客的恐惧不断增加。A.excitement兴奋；B.fears恐惧；C.adaptation适应，改变；D.deaths死亡。根据上下文可知，水不断流入车厢，人们的恐惧增加。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地铁工作人员来让他们撤离时，于逸飞设法出去了。A.managed设法；B.failed失败；C.intended打算；D.hesitated犹豫。根据下文“Hequickly_______thewhitemedicalcoatgiventohimatthehospital________andreturnedtotheplatformtosavehim.(他很快穿上医院之前给他的白大褂并返回站台去救人)”可知，他设法出来了。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他很快穿上医院之前给他的白大褂并返回站台去救人。A.triedon试穿；B.goton上车；C.puton穿上；D.lookedon旁观。根据上下文可知，此处指他穿上白大褂。故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很快穿上医院之前给他的白大褂并返回站台去救人。A.later后来；B.further更进一步地；C.earlier之前；D.former以前的。根据上文“OnJuly20,YuYifei,a26-year-oldmedicalintern(实习生)atPeople’sHospitalofZhengzhou,madehiswayhomeinasubwaytrainonLine5afterhisfirstday’straining.(7月20号的时候，于逸飞，一名郑州人民医院的实习医生，在经过第一天的培训后正坐5号地铁回家)”可知，白大褂是医院之前发给他的。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一看到他，很多害怕的人受到了鼓舞，并精神振奋。A.gained获得；B.lifted提升；C.sank下沉；D.ran跑。根据上半句以及下文“Someevenapplaudedhim(有人甚至为他鼓掌)”可知，被困的人看到有医生站出来，受到鼓舞精神振奋起来。liftone’sspirits表示“鼓舞士气，振奋精神”。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当更多的乘客从水中被救出来时，于指导其他人如何拯救溺水者。A.platform站台，月台；B.air空气；C.boat船；D.water水。根据上下文可知，乘客被困住水中，所以是从水中被救出。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续给那些因冷水而低温休克和溺水而濒临死亡的人做心肺复苏或者急救。A.stopped停止；B.continued继续；C.explained解释；D.refused拒绝。根据后半句“thoseinlow-temperatureshockfromthecoldwaterandneardeathfromdrowning.”可知，于继续救治那些处于极度危险的人。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恢复意识和力气之后，她加入于逸飞一起治疗其他人。A.regaining重新获得；B.refreshing使精神抖擞；C.reminding提醒；D.replacing代替。根据空格后“consciousness”可知，这里指她重新恢复意思，所以是重新获得。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于逸飞很疲惫，需要把所有的注意力都放在做心肺复苏上。A.bored厌烦；B.heartbroken心碎；C.energetic精力充沛；D.exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据空格后“andneededallhisconcentration”可知，于逸飞很疲惫。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，在地铁的站台上，他花了六个小时给那些差一点被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏。A.wasted浪费；B.needed需要；C.obtained获得；D.spent花费。spendtimedoingsth.表示“花费时间做某事”。根据空格后“anexhaustingsixhoursgivingCPR”以及句意可知，此处指他花了六个小时给那些差一点被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏。故选D。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，在地铁的站台上，他花了六个小时给那些差一点被淹死的乘客做心肺复苏。A.only仅仅；B.obviously明显地；C.narrowly勉强地；D.never从不，“narrowlysurviveddrowning”表示差一点被淹死。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词义辨析。句意：他晚上12点左右的时候才离开车站，白大褂上沾满了淤泥和血迹。A.left离开；B.approached接近；C.crossed横跨；D.rescued营救。根据上下文可知，于逸飞一直在车站救人直到12点左右才离开。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他晚上12点左右的时候才离开车站，白大褂上沾满了淤泥和血迹。A.sweat汗水；B.medicine药品；C.mud淤泥；D.tears眼泪。根据上下文可知，他一直在救助从被水中救出来的人，所以衣服上都是淤泥和血迹。故选C。【40题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：眼中含泪，他的父亲和在场的人都微笑着向他竖起大拇指。A.ontheair广播中；B.onthespot在现场，当场；C.onholiday度假；D.onboard在车、飞机、船上。根据句意可知，是所有在场的人为他鼓掌。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)语法填空ThebeautifulLiRiverisoneofthe___41___(famous)touristdestinations,butthe___42___(grow)intourismhashadnegativeeffectsontheriver’swaterquality.Thisreportlooksattheproblemofwaterpollutionandsomeactionsthathavebeentakentodealwithit.WaterqualityintheLiRiverhadsuffered___43___(great)fromanincreasingvolumeoftourists,manyof___44___frequentlythrewgarbageintotheriver.Manytourboatscontributed___45___theproblemtoo.Thelocalpopulationroserapidly,aswellas___46___numberofcommercialandindustrialenterprises.Waterpollutionlevelsincreased,withmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver.Tofeedmorepeople,morechemicals___47___(use)toincreasecropproduction.Thesechemicalsledtoseverewaterqualityissues,___48___(cause)adecreaseinthenumberoffishspecies.Finally,aseriesofurgentstepsweretaken___49___(restore)theriver’soriginalbeauty.It____50____(believe)thatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.【答案】41.mostfamous42.growth43.greatly44.whom45.to46.the47.wereused48.causing49.torestore50.isbelieved【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游目的地之一，但旅游业的发展对漓江的水质产生了负面影响。本文着眼于水污染问题以及已采取的一些措施。【41题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游目的地之一，但旅游业的发展对漓江的水质产生了负面影响。结合空格前的“oneof”可知使用形容词最高级修饰名词短语touristdestinations。故填mostfamous。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游目的地之一，但旅游业的发展对漓江的水质产生了负面影响。结合空格前的the，可知填入名词，在句中作主语，且为不可数名词。故填growth。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：漓江的水质受到越来越多游客的影响，其中许多人经常向漓江扔垃圾。修饰谓语hadsuffered用副词greatly。故填greatly。【44题详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：漓江的水质受到越来越多游客的影响，其中许多人经常向漓江扔垃圾。空格处填入定语从句引导词，和空格前的of一起构成“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是tourists，在介词of后作宾语，指人用whom。故填whom。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。本句使用短语contributeto，意为“有助于，导致”。故填to。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：当地人口迅速增加，工商企业数量也迅速增加。结合句意可知用thenumberof，意为“……的数量”。故填the。【47题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学品来增加作物产量。结合文章前后文，可知描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语morechemicals是名词复数，和use之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用were。故填wereused。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些化学物质导致了严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类的数量。句子谓语动词是ledto且无连词，空格处填入非谓语动词，Thesechemicals和cause之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果。故填causing。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，采取了一系列紧急措施来恢复河流的原始美。结合短语takestepstodosth.“采取措施做某事”，可知空格处填入动词不定式作目的状语。故填torestore。【50题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：人们相信漓江的美丽将世世代代保存下来。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时，使用句型itisbelievedthat，意为“人们相信”，it和believe之间是被动关系，it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语从句。故填isbelieved。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。IremembertherewasatimewhenIgetsic