2023学年完整公开课版Alandofdiversity单元回顾

Unit1重点知识回顾一重点词汇majorityn.大多数；大半majoradj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)1).A/Themajorityofdoctorsagreethatsmokingisextremelyharmfultohealth.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。2).Themajoritywas/wereinfavouroftheproposal.多数人赞成这个建议。【拓展】beinthe/amajority构成大部分/大多数 amajorityoversb超过对方的票数2.applicantn.申请人applicationn.申请(书)；应用；用途applyv.申请；运用，适用1).Wehad250applicantsforthejob.有250人申请这份工作。2).Asthewageswerelow,therewerefewapplicantsforthejob.因为工资低,没有什麽人申请这份工作。[拓展]applyfor...申请…… applyto...适用……fillintheapplicationformforsth.填写……申请表3.occurvi.发生；出现；存在1).Thetragedyoccurredonlyminutesaftertake-off.这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。2).Didn’titoccurtoyouthathemightbelate?你当时没有想到他可能会迟到吗?[拓展]occurto...(主意)浮现于脑海中；被想到；被想起；（某人）想到……4.indicatevt.指出；标示；表明indicationn.指出；表明indicativeadj.指示的；暗示的1).Iaskedhimwheremysisterwasandheindicatedtheshopopposite.我问他握姐姐在哪，他指指对面的商店。2).Researchindicatesthatmenfinditeasiertogiveupsmokingthanwomen.研究表明男人感到比女人更容易戒烟。[拓展]indicatesth(tosb)指示；指出；标示 indicatethat/wh-表示……；示意……5.slipvi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n.滑倒；小过失；失误slipperyadj.滑溜的1).MyfootslippedandInearlyfell.我的脚一滑，差点跌到。2).Sheslippedintotheroomwhennoonewaslooking.她趁无人注意的时候溜进了房间。[拓展]letslip...错过……；无意中说出 letsth.slipthroughyourfingers错过(机会)，失去(机会)aslipofthetongue口误6.insertvt.插入，嵌入Heinsertedakeyintoalock.他把钥匙插进锁中。[拓展]insertsth(in/into/betweensth)插入、放入、置入或嵌於某物或某两物间二重点短语1.liveon继续生活或存在Shelivedonformanyyearsafterherhusbanddied.丈夫死後她继续活了多年。[拓展]live短语：liveonsth以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活 livebydoingsth靠做某事物为生liveforsth以某事物为生活目标 livethroughsth经历某事物而幸存livetogether在一起生活；同居 liveuptosth依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准livewithsth接受或容忍某现象 livetobe...=livetotheageof...活到……岁livea...life过着……的生活2.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadealifeforthemselves.他们在加拿大定居下来，习惯新的生活方式。[拓展]life短语：bringsb/sth(back)tolife给某人/事物的活力；使复活 laydownone’slife(forsb/sth)为……献身；牺牲生命leadadog’slife过狗一般的生活（长期忧虑、痛苦或悲伤）makeone’swayinlife在生活中有所成就takeone’s(own)life:commitsuicide自杀 putanendtoone’slife:killoneself自杀takesb’slife:killsb取某人性命 a/sb’swayoflife（某人的或某些人的）生活方式awalkoflife行业；职业；阶层 tothelife逼真endone’sdays/life(insth)（处於某状况下或在某处）度过余生3.keepup坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗、传统等；使某人不能去睡觉1).You’realldoingasplendidjob;keepupthegoodwork!你们干得都很出色,要坚持下去!2).Idohopewe’renotkeepingyouup.我希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。[拓展]keep短语：keepupwithsb/sth.跟上（某人/某事物）；（与某人/某事物）同步前进或保持联系；跟上（形势）keep(on)doingsth.继续做某事物；重复做某事物 keepawayfrom（使某人/事物）不靠近某人/事物keepsbbackfromsb/sth（使某人）与某人/事物保持距离 keepsth.back阻止某事物 keeponeself/sbfromsth/doingsth使自己/某人不能做某事物keepsthfromsb不将某事告诉某人keepoff(sb/sth)不接近或不接触某人/事物 keepsb/sthout(ofsth)不让某人/物进入（某处）keepintouchwith保持与某人的联系 keepfit保持健康upwith（与某人）一起工作（尤指为一共同目标）；合作Thetwocompanieshaveteameduptodevelopanewracingcar.那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。5.markout划线标出……界线Pleasemarkoutthesentencesthatyoudon’tunderstandwitharedpen.请用红笔标出你不懂的句子。[拓展]bemarkedwith...标记着……6.takein包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗 1).Thestudentsfinditeasytotakeinwhatyouteach.学生发现你的课很好懂。2).Hehadnowheretosleepsoweofferedtotakehimin.他没地方可以睡，我们于是就提出让他留宿。[拓展]take短语：takeapart拆开；剖析，抨击(论点等) takedown拿下，取下；拆卸；记下takeback取回，带回；收回说过的话；使…回忆起昔日 takecareof照料，保管takeup开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理 takemedicine服药takeiteasy别紧张，慢慢来 takeover继承，接收，接管 takeoff脱下(衣服等)；起飞 takeon承担，从事；呈现takeone’splace入座；代替某人的位置 takeone’stime不急，慢慢干7.agreat/goodmany相当多，很多Itallhappenedagoodmanyyearsago.这发生在很多年前。[拓展]agreat/goodmanyalargenumberofscoresofdozensofmany/few修饰可数名词复数manya修饰可数名词单数agood/greatdealofalarge/greatamountoflargeamountsofmuch/little/alittle修饰不可数名词alotof=lotsofplentyofalarge/greatquantityof=quantitiesofasupplyof=suppliesof可数名词复数/不可数名词三．重点句型1.CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.(L1)形容词最高级表示“最”，与序数词连用表示“第几”Maryisthetalleststudentinourclass.2.ScientistsbelievethatthesefirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitfromAsiatoAlaskabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.

means:amethodoraway(ofdoing)方式，方法，手段。单复数同形。bymeansof:byusing依靠，凭借。1.Thethiefhadwantedtoescapebymeansofasecrettunnel,butwascaught.2.Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.3.prehistorictimes史前时期pre-是一个前缀，

表示“前”，“先”，“预先”。

.prepay,preview,prejudge,predetermine.2)thousandsof成千上万的类似的用法还有

：hundredsof数以百计的scoresof许多millionsof上百万的dozensof许多，大量tensofthousandsof数以万计的4.However,somesurvivedtheseterribletimes.AndtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.当比较的主体属于被比较者里面的一员时，用other或else排除比较的主体。Maryistallerthananyothergirlsinherclass.5.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinAmericaintheearly16thcenturywhentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtooktheirland.fightagainst为反对……而战，和……斗争。fightfor为（争取）……而斗争Youshouldbereadytofightagainstdifficulties.你们应该准备同困难作斗争。Twodogsfightforabone,andathirdrunsawaywithit.鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。6.In1848,notlongaftertheAmerican-Mexicanwar,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.notlongafter不久之后longafter很久之后longbefore很久以前beforelong不久以后7.Manydiedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesinthenewtownsoronfarms.remained:系动词,“留下”,“逗留”.I’llremaintoseetheendofthegame.TheforeignguestsremainedinBeijingfortwoweeks.8.ItwasthebuildingoftherailwayfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.这是强调式句9…….whichtodaystillkeepsupitsDanishculture.keepup:neverstop,continuesteadily,goonThemanageraskedtheworkerstokeepupthework.fromAfricahavebeenlivinginCaliforniasincethe1800s,whentheymovednorthfromMexico.havebeendoing现在完成进行时,强调始于过去某时的动作持续发生到现在.egHehasbeenpaintingtheroom.他一直都在粉刷房间.whentheymovednorthfromMexico这是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词“the1800s”进行补充说明，先行词在从句中作时间状语，因此用关系副词“when”引导。11.CaliforniahasbecomehometopeoplefromAsia,includingCambodians,Koreans,VietnameseandLaotians.becomehometo:成为家园Theislandhasbecomehometosnakes. 名词性从句——语法专讲名词性从句：名词性从句是由连接词whether,if,that和各种疑问代词或副词what,who,which,where,when,how,why等充当连接词所引导的从句,其功能同名词一样。包括宾从，表从，主从和同位语从句。四种从句的共性:1.引导词基本一样,,如that,whether,when,where,how.但asif引导的是表语从句.2.陈述句语序.3.疑问代词,疑问副词保留自身的疑问含义,如疑问代词who在宾语从句中仍译为是谁,疑问副词where译为哪里.表示选择,that无意义5.what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that在句子中只起连接作用。例如：(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.一．宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。如：Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.宾语从句特点：1．有引导词that，whether,if,who,whose,what,which,when,where,how,why.在宾语从句中的that可以省略，第2次出现就不能省。如：Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.2.在及物动词或介词之后。3．陈述句语序.如:Thephotographswillshowyouwhatourvillagelookslike.4．引导词that与what的区别。what引导宾语从句在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that在句子中只起连接作用,无意义。例如：(1)Iknowthathewillcome.(2)Idon’tknowwhathewillchoose.与if同用,但介词后用whether.Italldepends(on)whethertheywillsupportus.Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.二.表语从句在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。表语从句特点：1．有引导词that，whether,asif,who,what,which,when,where,how,why.在表语从句中的that不能省。2.放在系动词之后,表示状态持续，变化的系动词有be,stay,keep,remain,get,become,seem,go,感官动词也属系动词如look,sound,taste,smell,feel.等.3．陈述句语序.4．引导词that与what的区别。what引导表语从句在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that在句子中只起连接作用,5.表语从句可用whether引导,不用if.6.三.主语从句在从句中作主语的从句称作主语从句。主语从句特点：1．有引导词that，whether,who,what,which,when,where,how,why.一般情况下主语从句中的that不省略.2.为了避免头重脚轻,往往用it代替主语从句,放在句首,如Itis+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句如:Itisstillaquestionwhethershewillcomeornot.Itisstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.Itissaid/reportedthatheisthewinner.3．陈述句语序.4．引导词that与what的区别。what引导主语从句在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that在句子中只起连接作用5.whether引导的主语从句可以放在句首,if不能.6.注意：四.同位语从句一般放在名词fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion,report,hope,belief等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.如：Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.如:thoughtthatwemightsucceedexcitedus.ideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering.arefamiliarwiththeopinionthatallmatterconsistsofatoms.同位语从句特点：1．连接词that虽在从句中不充当任何成分,但不省略.2．先行词通常是一些具有一定内容含义的概括性名词如:conclusion,evidence,fact,hope,idea,word(news),opinion,problem,promise,reason,truth,等.3．that无实际意义,which表选择Wordcame___ourarmydefeatedtheenemy.4.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone./Ihavenoideawhenhedidit./Ihavenoideawhathedid.5.同位语从句与定语从句的区别：a.同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处1）、两种从句都可以译成定语Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位语从句）我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定语从句）你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。2）、两种从句都可以用that引导Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.（定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。b、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1）、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜