2020版河北中考英语精刷题教材梳理语法突破动词和动词短语

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语法专项动词单项选择。(B)1.(2019，北OnthefirstofChineseNewYear,we________newclothesandvisitpeople.A.pickupB.onC.takeoffD.throwaway【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在中国新年的第一天，我们穿上新衣服走亲访友。pick捡起put穿；off脱，起飞throwaway扔掉。表示“穿上”用puton。选B。(C)2.(2018，北Canyouhelpme________thepen?It’sunderyourchair.A.askforB.lookforC.pickupD.up【解析考动词短语辨析句你能帮我捡起那支钢笔吗？它在你的椅子下面askfor要，请求；lookfor寻找pickup捡起putup搭建，张贴。结合句意可知pickup符语境。故选C。(C)3.(2017，北Grandfatherliveswithus.Weall________him.A.lookatB.lookforC.lookafterD.looklike【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：爷爷和我们住在一起。我们都照顾他at看；lookfor寻找；after照；looklike起来像。结合句意可知选C。(A)4.(2017，北Ihavetraveledalot.I________speakfourlanguages.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我游玩了许多地方。我会说四种语言能会；may可以；must必；需。表示能力用can故选。(C)5.(2016，河北Theairfreshaftertherain.Andtheskyisblue.A.feelsB.tastesC.smellsD.sounds【解析】考查感官动词辨析。句意：雨后的空气闻起来很清新，天空也是湛蓝的feel感觉，摸起来taste尝起；闻起来sound听起。空气清新是靠嗅觉感知的，故选C。(A)6.(2016，北Weneedtodosomeresearchto________theanswer.A.findoutB.lookoutC.handoutD.takeout【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们需要做些调查来找出答案find查明，弄清；lookout小心；hand分发；takeout拿出来。结合句意可知选A。(B)7.(2015，北Thisfoodisfree.Youdon’thaveto________it.A.lookforB.payfor1

C.askforD.waitfor【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种食物是免费的，你不必为它付款for寻找；payfor付款；askfor请；waitfor等。结合句意可知选B。(B)8.(2015，北There’sanimportantfootballmatchI________missit.A.mayB.canC.mustD.needn’t【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：今天有一场重要的足球赛。我不能错过它may可以；can不能；must必须needn不必。这里表示“不能”，故选B。(A)9.(2014，北Momismakingdinner.It________sonice!A.smellsB.tastesC.feelsD.sounds【解析】考查感官动词辨析。句意：妈妈在做晚饭，闻起来真香smell闻起来taste尝起来；摸来；sound听来。妈妈正在做饭，还没做好，只能是闻起来很香。故选A。(A)10.(2014，北Ifollowyou.Wouldyoupleaserepeatit?A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.’t【解析】考查情态动词辨析。根据下文提示“你能再说一遍吗？”可推断是“我不能够跟上你”，因此can’t符题。故选。Ⅰ.单项择。(B)1.(2019，包头—________IaMr.Green?Itwon’tlong.—Okay.A.ShouldB.C.NeedD.Must【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：“我可以和你说一句话吗，格林先生？不会花太长时间的据句意及下文语境可知，此处用“May…提请求。故选B。(B)2.(2019，州They’llinouttheproblemtheynever．A.wakeupB.giveupC.lookupD.makeup【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会成功地解决这个问题，因为他们从未放弃。wake醒来giveup放；lookup查；up编。because因，表原因，giveup符合语境，故选B。(A)3.，水Don’t________today’sworkfortomorrow.Today’sworkbedonetoday.A.putoffB.outC.putupD.on2

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要把今天的工作推迟到明天去做，今天的工作必须今天完成put推，拖延put扑灭put张，搭建；put穿，上映。结合句意可知选A。(C)4.(2019，阳—driver________behurtbadlytheaccident.—That’strue.Let’ssendhimtothehospitalassoonaspossible.A.needB.can’tC.mustD.maynot【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：“司机在事故中一定受了重伤。”“确实是这样。我们尽快把他送到医院去吧。需要；can’t不能must一定，必须，表示肯定的推测；maynot不可以。根据“Let’ssendhimtothehospitalassoonaspossible.”可推知，司机在事故中一定是受了重伤，表示肯定推测。故选C。(B)5.(2019，苏州Wouldyouplease________thelight?cansleepwelliton.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turntoD.turnaround【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你把灯关掉好吗？开着灯我睡不着on打；turnoff关；to向某)助；turnaround转。表示关掉灯用off。故选B。(B)6.(2019，岛Asmiddleschoolstudents,wefollowthepublicruleswhereverwego.A.wouldB.shouldC.mightD.could【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：作为中学生，无论走到哪里我们都应该遵守公共规章制度would将会指将会发生的事情should应，用于表示劝告或建议might可，表示事情发生的可能性could能，表示委婉语气。根据句意可知，此处表示应该做的事情。故选B。(B)7.(2019，孝感AllthedecidedtothemoneyfromthebooksaletohomelessA.giveupB.giveawayC.takeupD.takeaway【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有的成员都决定把卖书所得的钱捐给无家可归的人up放弃away赠；up受始干away带据topeople可give符语。故选。(B)8.(2019，安Thoseyoungfiremenwerebraveenoughto________thefireintheforest.A.workoutB.putoutC.handoutD.lookout【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些年轻的消防队员们足够勇敢，扑灭了森林中的大火。out解出，算出put熄；handout交；out小。结合语境可知是扑灭大火。故选B。(A)9.(2019，无锡Withtheirnewlock,you________searchforinyourbaganymore.Isn’titcool?A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.’t3

【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：有了他们的新锁，你就不必再在包里找钥匙了。很酷吧？根据句意及上下文语境可知里表示“不需要没有必要”用needn’t故选A。(B)10.(2019，安顺donthinkteachersshouldgivemuchhomeworkto________thefreetimeofstudents.—Exactly!A.giveupB.takeupC.lookupD.up【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我认为老师们不应该留太多的作业占据学生的空闲时间。”“确实是这样！”giveup放弃takeup占lookup查阅；putup搭，张贴。表示“占据”用take。故选B。(A)11.(2019，阳—theoldmanto________hiswife?—Yes.Theyhavenochildrentodependon.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookupD.looklike【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“这位老人必须照顾他的妻子吗？“的，他们没有孩子可以依靠”lookafter照照；lookfor寻找lookup查仰；looklike看起像……。根据“Theyhavenochildrentodependon.”可推知，这位老人不得不照顾他的妻子。故选A。(A)12.(2019，连云港)Accordingtothenotice,gueststhishotel________usethesportsnoextracost.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.need【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据通知，这个宾馆的顾客可以不需要额外费用就能使用体育中心。表示“能够”应该用情态动词can故选A。(C)13.，岭MycousinvolunteerstheChildren’sHome.Hisjobisto________foodandclothes.A.selloutB.workoutC.handoutD.findout【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我表哥在“儿童之家”当义工。他的工作是分发食物和衣服。sellout卖；workout解；hand发放；findout发现表示分发食物和衣服用handoutfoodandclothes故选C。(D)14.(2019，南通Somemusiciansaregreatbecausetheycan________musicwhileplaying.A.putupB.upC.takeupD.makeup【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些爵士音乐家很伟大，因为他们能一边编写音乐一边演奏。putup搭，张贴；setup成；takeup占；up编。表示“编写音乐”用make。选D。(C)15.(2019，南京TinacomestoChinainordertoexperienceChinesecultureand________whichuniversityistheforhertoattend.A.putoutB.stayoutC.findoutD.runout【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，并找出哪所大学最适合她。putout扑灭；stayout在户外findout发，找出；out用。根据4

句意可知，这里需用findout表“找出；发现”。故选C。(A)16.(2019，云港)April15wasasaddayforFrance.largefire________attheNotreDamedeParis.A.brokeoutB.carriedC.gaveoutD.ranout【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于法国来说月15是一个悲伤的日子，在巴黎圣母院突发一场大火。break爆发carryout实行giveout分；runout用。表示“突发大火”用breakout故选A。(B)17.(2019，通He________likecoffee.Iseehimdrinkacupattimes.A.mustB.mayC.can’tD.mustn’t【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他可能喜欢咖啡。我看见他有时候喝一杯。根据句子意思可知，他可能喜欢喝咖啡，用may表示不确定的猜测。故选B。(B)18.(2019，徽—Shallwegotoairportto________yoursister?—Idon’tthinkit’snecessary.Shewillcomeherebytaxi.A.seeoffB.pickupC.lookafterD.comeacross【解析考查动词短语辨析句“我们去机场接你的妹妹吗？”“我认为没有必要，她可以乘出租车来这儿。”seeoff送行pickup捡，接某人；lookafter照；across碰遇到。根据语境可知，此处表示“接某人”，用pickup。选B。(A)19.—ThebeautifulladyglassesovertherelookslikeourEnglishteacher.—It________beher.Sheabroad.A.can’tB.notC.mustn’tD.needn’t【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：“那边那位戴眼镜的美女看起来像我们的英语老师。”“不可能是她，她已经出国了。”根据句意可知，这里表示否定的猜测，用can’t，意为“不可能是；一定不是”。故选。(A)20.—MustIfinishthebooktoday,Mr.Brown?—No,you________.Youcanfinishitindays.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.couldn’t【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：“布朗先生，我必须今天读完这本书吗？”“不，不必。你可以在两天内读完它。”needn’t必，表示必要性；mustn’t禁止can’t不能，表示没有能力；是can’t过去式，表示不能。“MustI…？”的肯定回答用“Yes,must.”回用“No,youneedn’t.或“No,youdonhaveto.”。故选A。(B)21.Today,WeChatbecomesverypopular,andquitelotofpeopleliketouseitto________eachother.A.comeupwithB.getintouchwithC.catchupwithD.keepupwith【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当今微信变得很流行，相当多的人喜欢用它和他人互相联系。comeup想，提出getintouchwith某人联系；catchupwith追赶上某人；keepup跟某人。结合句意可知此处表示“与某人联系”。故选B。5

(D)22.—I’tfindmobilephone.—Donworry.Maybeyou________itathome.A.forgotB.missedC.lostD.left【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：“我找不到我的手机了。”“不用担心，你可能把它落在家里了”forget忘错过丢leave忘下示把某物落在……”用leavesth.…故选D。(C)23.Hereisabanana.Please．We’llabananamilkshake.A.cutthemupB.cutupitC.cutitupD.cutitoff【解析】考查词短语辨析。句意：这儿有一个香蕉，请把它切碎，我们将要制作香蕉奶昔。up切；off切。根据句意可知此处表示“切碎”，所以用cut，宾语为abanana，故用it来指，并且放到cut与up间。故选C。Ⅱ.根据意，用方框中所给单的正确形式填空(创soundfeelsmelllooktaste1.Theseorangeslooknice,but_taste__verysour.2.Therearesomanyfishswimminginpool.They_look__veryhappy.3.Theflowersonyour_smell__verysweet.4.Thedress_feels__soft.It’smadeofsilk.5.ShetoldusaninterestingHervoicesweet.shouldn'tneedn'tmustn'tcan't6.Thetreeissohighthatcan’t__reachtheapplesit.7.You_shouldn’t__readinthesun.Itbadforeyes.8.You_mustn’t__playfootballthestreet.It’sdangerous.9.Nowmostyoungpeoplelikeshoppingonlinebecausethey_needn’t__spendalotoftimegoingfromtoshop.10.Thelittleboyhasjusthadlunch.He’t__behungry.Ⅲ.连词句。(原创1.out,you,find,can,it2.you,could,problem,me,this,help,out3.Internet,can’t,much,time,you,on,the,spendcan’t_spend_much_time_on_the_Internet4.song,us,days,of,the,the,old．5.get,it,you,over,can,to,takebreath．6

Ⅰ.根据文内容，用方框中所单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺完整，每词限用一次。usefindexpressoutformneedmayupcanbeIamfullyconvincedthatheardaboutChinesepapercutting,havenyou?Papercuttinganimportantart1.form__inChina.Papercutswere2._used__manypurposes.Everything3.becomethethemepaper，frompeopletothecanbe4.ineverydaylifesuchasbirds,flowersandanimals.Eachpapercutbrings5._out__theideasofmaker.People_express__traditionalcultureortheirownfeelingsdifferentstylesofpapercuts.Forexample,whensomeonemarries,weput7.up__someredpapercutsonwall,dressingthetableorotherfurnituretoexpressourbestwishes.Itiseasytolearnpapercuttingbutwe8.needalotofpracticemakeitperfect.We9.tolearnhowusethescissors,howtopaintandevensomecuttingskills.Fromhistoryuntilnow,inmanypartsofthepapercuttingskillhasnecessaryforwomenandasymbolofaclevermind.Ⅱ.完形空。(2019，徽DearMichael，IamgladtolearnthatyouhavebeenchosentostudyinChina.Yourdreamhascometrue!Icanwellrememberthat__1__Chinaforthefirsttimeyouwerenine.Eversinceyoureturned,youhaveinterestedinChineseandhaveputalotof__2__intolearningChinese.WhenyoufirsttolearnChinese,__3__itwasnothingbutapassing一的狂热).However,youdidn’t4__halfway,butkeptonlearninganddidjobinthe汉水平考试.Nowyoufinallygotwhatyouhad__5__foralongtime.Yougotthechanceto__6__lifeinChinaforoneyear.Youshouldhaveit,myforchancesonlycomethosewhoare__7__．Whenyoustudyyouwillhavetoface__8__ineverydaylifethatyouhaveneverexperiencedbefore,butafterabroad,youwillanew__9__atlife—andatyourself.YourmomandIareboth__10__you.itup,myson!Love，Dad(B)1.A.builtB.visitedC.D.changed(C)2.A.difficultyB.successC.D.space(A)3.A.thoughtB.agreedC.forgotD.added(D)4.A.cheerB.growupC.turnupD.giveup(B)5.A.writtenB.wantedC.touredD.paid(B)6.A.introduceB.experienceC.D.imagine(A)7.A.preparedB.honestC.friendlyD.helpful(C)8.A.examplesB.meetingsC.challengesD.(A)9.A.lookB.touchC.guessD.speed(D)10