Cultures Influence On Perception 跨文化交际英语ppt

Chapter3Culture’sInfluenceonPerceptionTextAHumanPerception曹可欣自控1603Doyouknowwhatthisis?Doyoulikeit?IfyouareanAfrican,whatdoyouthinkofthisfood?ThisisatraditionalfoodinAfrica--Pap,whichisoneofthemostcommonfoodinAfricajustlikericeandnoodleinChina.Areyouinterestedinthisspecialfood?

Doyouknowwhatthisis?Peoplefromdifferentculturesusuallythinkdifferently.Thinkingusuallyinvolveshighermentalprocesses,i.e.perceptionandremembering.Ourperceptionsareinfluencedbywhoweare,includingtheaccumulationofourexperiences.Itisimportanttorecognizeandexaminefactorsthatmightdistort(扭曲)theaccuracyofourinterpretations.Culturecanaffectwhatwesense,andithasgivengreatinfluencetoourperception.Wecanfindtherearetwoimportantstagesforhumanperception:sensingstageandperceivingstage.Let’sdiscussthemseparately.SensingStagePerceivingStage1.SensingSensingisthefirststeptodotheinformationprocessing.Weneedtostudyeveryrulerelatedtohumansensationthoroughlyinordertounderstandthemodelofhumanperceptionwell.a.sensationSensationistheneurological(神经学的)processbywhichpeoplebecomeawareoftheirenvironment.Intheprocessofhumancommunication,wearesurroundedbyexternalstimuliallthetime.Thehumanbeingtakesinallkindsofstimulifromtheoutsideworldwiththehelpofourfivebasicsenses.Thetablebelowshowshuman’sfivesensesindetail.SenseStructureStimulusReceptorVisionEyeLightwavesRods(杆状细胞)andcones（锥状细胞）HearingEarSoundwavesHaircells（毛细胞）TasteTongueChemicalsTastebuds（味蕾）SmellNoseChemicalsHaircellsTouchSkinPreassureNervecells（神经细胞）Whatthecolorisofthisdress?gold

and

white?orblue

andblack?b.

HumanSenseLimitationWecansensethecolorfulworldthroughourphysicalsenses,butwecannotbeequippedwithtoolstoperceiveeverythingasahumanspecies.Oursensationtoolsarenotsensitiveenoughtodetectallthechangesaroundus,forthesesensescannotgivetheobjectivereflectionofanyobjectandoursenseshavesomelimitations.Q:CanyougivemeanexampleaboutHumanSense

Limitation?(5senses)Q:Whatisthe

sensingstage?2.PerceivingWeallhavesimilareyes,musclesandnerveendingsthatenableustosensetheworld;however,wecannotalwayshavethesameideasaboutthesameinformationwereceivefromtheoutsideworld.Why?Wehaveourownwaytoperceivethemandperceivingisasubjectiveprocess.a.PerceptionPerceptionistheprocessbywhichwebecomeawareofobjects,events,andespeciallypeopleandtheirbehaviorsthroughourvarioussensesandinvolveshigher-ordercognitionintheinterpretationofthesensoryinformation.Itisanactiveratherthanapassiveprocess.Whenwereadabook,hearaconcert,touchasurface,smellcologne(科隆香水),ortastecaviar(鱼子酱),weexperiencefarmoretheimmediatesentrystimulation.Ourperceptionareonlypartlyafunctionoftheoutsideworld;inalargemeasuretheyareafunctionofourownculture,experiences,ourdesires,ourneedsandourloveandhatred.b.

TheProcessofPerceptionTheprocessofperceptioncanbedividedintothreestages:selection(选

择),organization

（组

织）,andinterpretation

（理

解）(1)SelectionThefirststepintheperceptionprocessisselection.Withintheirphysiologicallimitations,peopleareexposedtomorestimulithantheycouldpossiblymanage.Selectionisaprocessinwhichwescreenoutwhatweneedfromallthestimuliandinformationaroundus.(2）OrganizationThesecondstepistheperceptionprocessisorganization.Itistheprocessduringwhichweneedtoorganizeandimposestructureonwhatweobserveinameaningfulway.Allalongwithselectingstimulifromtheoutsideworld,peoplemustorganizeitinacertainway.(3)InterpretationThethirdstageintheperceptionprocessisinterpretation.Oncewehaveorganizedthestimuli,we