2021年高考英语真题试卷（全国乙卷）

2021年高考英语真题试卷（全国乙）

一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题;

每小题2分，满分30分）（共4题；共30分）

1.阅读理解

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.Q.,theRomans

builttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumarecontinuestoinformcontemporary

design.Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwas

smallfrycomparedwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan'sdesireforagoodviewanda

comfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseat

each;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

•Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R-Korea.Capacity.150,000.Opened.May1,1989.

•MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October1,1927.

•BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,I960.

•OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

•KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

（1）HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.

B.107,601.

C.About150,000.

D.About250,000.

（2）Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.

B.BeaverStadium.

C.OhioStadium.

D.KyleField.

（3）Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.

B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.

D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects

【答案】(1)D

(2)C

(3)A

【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上最大的几座体育馆的相关信息。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题

目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2.阅读理解

Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingfora

landline(座机)

Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobile

phone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecalls

anywhere,anytime.

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonly

ontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey(调查).OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athird

CQQCedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheynever

useitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallya

factor(因素)-only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentof

BabyBoomerswho*veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salso

todowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephone

ratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewho

everringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhois

callingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).

Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorning

milkdeliveries?

(1)Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?

A.Theirtargetusers.

B.Theirwidepopularity.

C.Theirmajorfunctions.

D.Theircomplexdesign.

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?

A.Admit.

B.Argue.

C.Remember.

D.Remark.

(3)WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?

A.Theylikesmartphonegames.

B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers'identity.

C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.

D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.

(4)Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?

A.ltremainsafamilynecessity.

B.ltwillfalloutofusesomeday.

C.ltmayincreasedailyexpenses.

D.ltisasimportantasthegaslight.

【答案】⑴B

(2)A

(3)C

(4)B

【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，社会现象类，说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚人使用电话的情况。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下

文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3.阅读理解

You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenterocean

ecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWong

wantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,foreingviewersto

re-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled"Strawpocalypse,"apairof10-foot-tallplastic

waves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,the

sculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplastic

pollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,because

oftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikely

camefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltake

centuriestodisappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,a

truckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic,"VonWongandagroup

ofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'd

beendumped^顷修i])fromatruckallatonce.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.

(1)WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.

B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.

D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

(2)Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

(3)Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewers?

A.Calming.

B.Disturbing

C.Refreshing

D.Challenging.

(4)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafety

B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt

C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies

D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures

【答案】(I)c

(2)A

(3)B

(4)D

【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，科普环保类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了VonWong通过用塑料垃圾制成的大量雕塑，来表达了人

类产生塑料垃圾会对环境造成影响，并希望人类能够减少塑料垃圾的产生。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的

逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4.阅读理解

Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyed

bythelevelofdistraction(干hisopenoffice,hesaid,"That'swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworking

spaceacrossthestreet-soIcanfocus."Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalso

typicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreative

thinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,

fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分贝),70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroups

werestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelof

noisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincethe

effectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototal

silenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelof

backgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence-mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.The

rightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowour

imaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfocus"appearstobethe

beststateforworkingoncreativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstop

ourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers'conversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchers

foundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceor

acoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.

(1)Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?

A.lthelpshimconcentrate.

B.ltblocksoutbackgroundnoise.

C.lthasapleasantatmosphere.

D.ltencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.

(2)Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?

A.Totalsilence.

B.50decibels.

C.70decibels.

D.85decibels.

(3)Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?

A.Personalprivacyunprotected.

B.Limitedworkingspace.

C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.

D.Constantinterruptions.

(4)Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He'sanewsreporter.

B.He'sonofficemanager.

C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.

D.He'sapublishedwriter.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了共同办公可以使人们更加集中经理投入工作。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节

信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

二、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）（共1题；共10分）

5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingata

dinnerparty.

,ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirst

time.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.

Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdo

youdoforaliving?",you'llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou'retalking

to..itcanbringin"Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle"or"Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeople

whowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback."Itjustopensupconversation.

?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（讲台）.lf

you'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthe

situation.________

Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceat

adinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（赞

扬）..Justquicklytunaroundandsay,"Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallabout

it."

Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn'tthathard.

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion"Howdidyougethere?,,

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

【答案】B；C；F；E；G

【考点】七选五

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何让自己在晚宴上变得有趣。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解

和推理判断能力。

三、语言知识运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）（共1题；共

30分）

6.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、（:和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa

1Justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwords

thatexpressdifferent2ofgratitude（感谢）.

Mythoughtsweresoon3.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas4from

akneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while5togetintobedshecollapsed（彳到下）

fromwhatwas6discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,

7theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though

8,andwasreadyfordischarge（出院）afterfourweeks.

Shewas9foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onher

dayofdischarge,wesharedinher10atherrecovery.Asshewas11she

waseagertosay12toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe13one

nurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague14toacceptit,saying

thatwewerealljust15ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen16:

"Ohthisisn'tforthe17Ihad.Itakethatasa18.No,thisisforsettingmy

hairyesterday."

Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,19livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan__

20andshouldberewarded.

1.A.cleanerB.chemistC.nurseD.doctor

2.A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations

3.A.brushedasideB.puttothetestC.broughtunderdiscussionD.takenintoaccount

4.A.departingB.escapingC.retiringD.recovering

5.A.attemptingB.choosingC.pausingD.promising

6.A.eventuallyB.fortunatelyC.casuallyD.secretly

7.A.assessingB.requiringC.formingD.proving

8.A.slightlyB.accidentallyC.slowlyD.happily

9.A.gratefulB.thoughtfulC.sorrowfulD.fearful

10.A.surpriseB.delightC.curiosityD.disappointment

11.A.operatingB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving

12.A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.yes

13.A.reachedB.consultedC.introducedD.persuaded

14.A.wishedB.pretendedC.failedD.refused

15.A.enjoyingB.doingC.securingD.starting

16.A.repeatedB.recitedC.repliedD.reported

17.A.courageB.patienceC.dutyD.care

18.A.goalB.givenC.pushD.greeting

19.A.riskingB.changingC.savingD.building

20.A.honourB.abilityC.openingD.extra

【答案】(1)C；(2)A；(3)B；(4)D；(5)A；(6)A；(7)B；(8)C；(9)A；(10)B；

(11)D；(12)C；(13)A；(14)D；(15)B；(16)C；(17)D；(18)B；(19)C；(20)D；

【考点】记叙文，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己和医疗团队给一位女病号治疗的经历，阐释了"在

某些情况下，仅仅说声谢谢是不够的。"这句话。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一

篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而

选出正确答案。

四、语言知识运用第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确

形式。(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)(共1题；共15分)

7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfrom

traditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome(educate)abouttheareas-bothinterms

ofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefits

the(develop)ofthelocalareas.

Ecotourismhas(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementof1970s.Itwasnotwidelyaccepted

asatravelconceptthelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeit

desirable.

Duetogrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowing

principles:

•Minimizetheimpactof（visit）theplace.

•Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.

•Provide（finance）aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.

・Makesurethatthetourismprovidespositiveexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.

KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity,

（activity）thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）andaccommodationsaim（have）

alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

【答案】educated；development；its；until；the；of；visiting；financial；Activities；tohave

【考点】语法填空

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游的相关知识，包括起源，要求，类型以及目的等等。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，代词，连词，冠词，介词，形容词以及固定

搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相

关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题I分，满分10分）（共I题；共10分）

8.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每

句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishaftermeals.Ialsowatertheflowersin

theyardandtidyingupmyownbedroomwhatevernecessary.Inmyopinion,studentscanbenefitalotdoing

somehousework.Firstly,doinghouseworkwashelpfulforustobearesponsibleperson.Also,itgivesour

parentsmoretimetodowhattheyarelikeanditimprovesthefamilyrelationship.What'smost,doing

houseworkcanbeaformofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.That'sourviewonhousework.Andhopesthiscan

inspiremorethinkingonthetopic!

【答案】①Line1:dish—dishes

②Line2:tidying-tidy;

whatever—whenever

(3)Line3:benefitalotdoing—benefitalotfromdoing

④Line4:was—is

⑥Line5:are删掉

⑥Line6：most—more;

mentally—mental

⑦Line7:our—my;

hopes-hope

【考点】短文改错

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过自己的经历，论述了做家务的益处。

(1)句意：我总是在饭后帮我父母洗盘子。dish,盘子，可数名词，这里指洗全家的碗，应用复数形式,

故答案为dish改为dishes。

(2)句意：我还会给院子里的花浇水，必要时还会整理自己的卧室。tidy,整理，动词，"water"与"tidy"

并列，都是一般现在时的谓语动词，故答案为tidying改为tidy。

(3)句意：我还会给院子里的花浇水，必要时还会整理自己的卧室。此处应用whenever引导作时间状

语，无论什么时候，故答案为whatever改为whenever。

(4)句意：在我看来，学生可以从做一些家务中受益匪浅。benefitfrom,固定短语，"从……受益”，故

答案为在lot后加from。

(5)句意：首先，做家务有助于我们成为一个负责任的人。作者陈述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主

语是doinghousework,因此be动词用is,故答案为was改为is。

(6)句意：而且这让我们的父母有更多的时间做他们想做的事，改善家庭关系。belike,"像"，结合句

意，