高中英语必修一UniFriendshiGrammar

DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech

(I):

statementsandquestionsUnit1GrammarObjectiveTolearnandusethedirectspeechandtheindirectspeechinstatementsandquestions.语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary,”saidAnne.Annesaidthatshedidn’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.directspeechindirectspeechindirectspeechdirectspeech“Doesafriendalwayshavetobeaperson?”thewriterasksus.Thewriterasksusifafriendalwayshastobeaperson.ObserveandfillinWhat’rethedifferencesbetweendirectspeechandindirectspeech?Differencesdirectspeechindirectspeech◆Toreportwhatexactlyhasbeensaid◆Thewordsusuallyappearinquotationmarks◆Toreportwhathasbeensaidwithoutusingtheexactwords◆Noquotationmarks引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫____________;直接引语用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_________。间接引语直接引语通常都用_________括起来，引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个________。宾语从句Howtochangedirectspeechintoindirectspeech?Changewhathasbeensaidtoan

objectclauseoraninfinitivephrase;b.Changepersonalpronouns;c.Changetenses;d.Changeadverbialsoftimeand

place;e.Othercases.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.b.Changepersonalpronouns:Isaidtoher,“Ihavedonemybest.”ItoldherthatIhaddonemybest.DirectspeechIndirectspeechDirectspeechIndirectspeechSimplepresentSimplefuturePresentcontinuousPastperfectSimplepastPresentperfectcontinuousPresentperfectPastcontinuousPastperfectPastperfectFutureinthepastPastperfectPastperfectcon-tinuousc.ThechangesofthetensesSimplepastHesaid,“Ilostakeyhere

yesterday.”Hesaidthathehadlostakeythere

the

daybefore/thepreviousday.

“Ireadthebookhere

aweekago,”Janesaidtohim.Janetoldhimthatshehadreadthebookthere

aweekbefore.d.ChangeadverbialsoftimeandplaceDirectspeechIndirectspeechnowthentodaythatday/onSaturday,etc.tomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday/onTuesday,etc.yesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousday/onTuesday,etc.nextweektheweekafter/thefollowingweek,etc.lastyeartheyearbefore/thepreviousyear,etc.aweekagoaweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.DirectspeechIndirectspeechthisthatthesethoseheretherecomegobringtakee.OthercasesShesaid,“I’llcomehereagaintonight.”Shesaidshewouldgothereagainthatnight.Hesaid,“Iwantthis.”Hesaidthathewanted

that.MaysaidtoTom,“I’llbringsomephotosheretoyoutomorrow.”MaytoldTomshewouldtakesomephotos

theretohimthenextday.由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”

→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.2.经常喘的习糠惯He设s天ai巩d弓to包t富he亭d接oc访to辫r,佳“枣I磨sm浸ok创e雨tw间o港pa伯ck您s棒ev附er疾y谅da捎y.福”→低He爆t轮ol退d蹦th抱e鬼do协ct出or选t币ha籍t孙he粒s引mo犹ke得s独tw往o畅pa循ck砌s梢ev吉er抗y赏da珠y.3.历史灭事件Th逗e郑te惕ac成he全r臂sa雷id均,巴“W叙or惩ld庸W颗ar敬I溉I滨en桑de鞋d喇in座1疏94旗5.扬”→语Th紧e魔te药ac骂he剑r苏sa普id略t婆ha宣t盲Wo无rl冰d放Wa终r前II勺e粒nd抱ed申i系n惧19落45西.4.部分乖情态姿动词,如mu滚st派,商ou骨gh纽奉t榨to稻,醋us辫ed穿t载o,鞭h蹦ad争b仁et前te匹r等Sh邀e件sa柔id厕t倾o悦me筛,绪“Y魂ou取m箱us土t皮hu轰rr帝y暮up遮.”→涌Sh掩e束sa丈id兼t些ha蹄t海I躬mu绍st戒h击ur悔ry像u胁p.转述某他人掠的陈腊述→陈述罗句→庙Sh屡eas屋ke稠dmewh吧atIwa盖sdo予in框g.He观s行ai厅d,晴“鹊I’县m邮go佣in努g矿to载B虎ei保ji闲ng援.”→昂He门s佩ai密dth腥athewa殊sgo峰in扬g熊to兵B络ei爬ji蒜ng概.He左a听sk粉ed要,肯“A窄re稿y幻玉ou闯a读t圾ea撑ch草er凯?”→泄He怎a休sk颜ed活m甘eif童/飞wh岛et姨he吴rIwa脑sa想te率ac饱he妄r.Sh和e枯sa荐id堤,考“W成ha张t段ar租e底yo鸭u捕do瓦in血g?富”2.转述间他人医的疑城问→一般终疑问箱句3.转述课他人期的问稿题→特殊肌疑问臣句解题畏步骤:1.陈述广句:“I误d风on休’t趴l彻ik惊e著co证mp工ut亲er糟s,扶”Sa容ra慈h弦sa娱id瓶t碧o佣he古r味fr距ie障nd锅s.Sa免ra普h锻sa松id洒t盐o朽he欢r竖fr冠ie之nd盒sth畜atI鹅do萄n’塑t析li桌keco漏mp黄ut狐er泥s.to涂lddi当dn想’tsh蚕eSa舰ra吓hto法ldhe挨r允fr窗ie切nd述sth娃atsh壮edi笑dn索’tli旱ke捞c酷om书pu犁te喂rs齐.To纤m销sa概id触(奔th吹at垄)圾th箩er孤ewa恶sn拾’tan笼y秃tr登ou缝bl温e汗an境dth流athewa丸swa利it辽in厉g巴fo述rhi瓜sch勺an集ge贼.注意:当两某个或谁两个茅以上悠的宾枝语从闪句并钉列时,仅能穷省略戚第一悠个th断at蒜,其余弱的不乏能省然略。To衰m采sa银id管,窄“T狠he辨re侮i筐sn骂’t买a更ny史t京ro仔ub粥le油a羽ndI’谎m级wa氏it搞in伤g短fo狂r险my默c闭ha维ng愿e脉(零钱).呜”2.一般素疑问依句:Is篇i霜t撤ea腥sy烈t则o臣im赌pr由ov辱e裂th选e半co政nd狡it敞io良n纱of窝t抛he壁s丑oi他l?(T谨he酱y叔as饰ke摩d韵hi腰m)Th评eyas婆ke蛋dhi嫂mifIt震i性s啦ea根sy怨t仁o包im李pr松ov崖e壶th吨e权co风nd携it慢io技n例of遮t牵he云s返oi偏l.itisea禾sy陵t汗o写im该pr补ov平e蛇th野e训co浅nd铃it屯io件n汪of葛t错he励s帮oi挨l.as铲ke刮diswa旦sTh窃ey柏a特sk济ed探h批imifit烂w墨as堆e豪as模y娘to栗i假mp茅ro电ve动t淋he葵c呜on串di州ti贸on邮o亚f兄th章e礼so违il非.3.特殊旁疑问隙句：Wh获en光d拜o尖yo妄u饼ha讲rv拉es巩t漆th悠e乓wh理ea件t?(T访he阴y红as管ke米d音hi缠m)Th贺ey鱼a乖sk芹ed宿h宴imwh忽enyo要u拒ha料rv恰es筋t初th传e豆wh跑ea龟tyo抢uha燥rv菊es尖tth飘e莲wh魔ea全t.heha所rv博es弄te霸dTh赴ey脉a乌sk愉ed才h为im安w肤he扭nhe摧h赠ar分ve衫st苦edth质e笼wh卫ea秘t.ha贫rv叛es划te楼d直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)陈述句Janesaid,“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”th怪at引导脱的名筋词性绵从句Ja甲ne乒s绪ai金dth掉atsh贞ewa踢sve碑ry拍f刑on冈d模of谣t表ra奴ve释li斤ng榴.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般疑问句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?”askedJohn.wh搏et迷he芦r筋/捆if引导漏的名辱词性融从句Jo鹊hn寻a堤sk驴ed末M胆ar秤yifth宫atwa货she臂r贩um取br怖el络la躁.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)特殊疑问句“Mary,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?”askedJohn.wh-词引房诚导的遣名词敲性从渠句Jo肃hn喷a芬sk样ed足M恢ar电ywh海ensh策ewo住ul再dre忌tu阔rn算h起im汉t依he保b臂oo焦k.由直畜接引佛语转钓变为歇间接间引语,有时屈会引悦起时部态的嫂变化,注意渗以下任几个居方面启。直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”从句鞠动词俯时态亭不变Sh瞧e誉of样te显n查sa臣ys努t垮ha晓t疤al范l扛me爱n肢an秒d批wo掘me俭n暴ar碌e礼eq歉ua伪l史un挂de薯r须th职e绑la次w.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:一般足现在司时“Ikn改owit挡,”漠h减e匹sa犬id祸.一般窝过去朽时He善s之ai脸d旨th虹at裤h宗ekn记ewit线.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:现在浙进行怖时“I’mma钻ki巨ng填c好of泡fe最e辣fo阶r礼yo僻u拳al设l,好”撕sh雪e乎sa放id留.过去赵进行摘时Sh录e考sa湿id玩s应hewa搞sma图ki粘ng介c缠of旷fe很e貌fo英r院us您a逃ll义.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:现在拘完成只时“Iha随ve滩s剂ee跃nhe睬r松be臣fo胖re愤,”丑s著ai秘d选he餐.过去输完成傍时He顽s章ai饺d关heha环d忠se胖enhe组r谨be木fo滩re含.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:现在钱完成钥进行奸时He守s饺ai兵d,暂“甲Iha投ve蚀b杏ee牙ndo铺in洽git镇f层or胁h漠ou找rs掀.”过去贞完成善进行膏时He膨s晨ai酿d级heha吩d竹be焦endo董in消git肤f移or贵h渠ou跌rs念.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:一般挂过去顷时“Isa筹whe锐r湿la房诚st钳M敞on菌da掏y,枝”催he隶s辜ai虑d.过去浊完成洪时He香s秃ai胜d音heha香d谈se息enhe打r龟th晃e铃pr双ev快io枪us骆M遣on栏da包y.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:过去辱进行饥时“Iwa里s巩wa期it恼in防gfo坊r玩Ji皱m,慰”在sh叠e化sa谷id晒.过去扭完成帐进行粥时Sh扒e斧sa闲idsh日e辆ha斤d围be集en弓w惊ai肥ti船ngfo麻r么Ji怜m.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:过去绑完成柜时“Do雪y刃ou货k纵no搏w筝Ri铸ckha独d袍be竖enil骂l饮in施b埋ed丈f健or顿m扯an律y虎da咬ys周t踩il缠l满he挂d形ie本d?算”概Ja旁ck贫a援sk小ed蚂.过去污完成摧时Ja括ck柿a聪sk字ed话i电f基I全kn蔑ew鸡R胡ic姻kha同d益be璃enil只l码in宪b狭ed慈f度or格m亏an溪y育da巩ys笋t材il尝l码he砖d扒ie腔d.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引语时态为:从句动词时态相应变化从句时态变为:一般锄将来恰时He童s蕉ai婶d,舅“逢Wesh马al宿lst腿ar环t傲to孔mo阅rr河ow练.”过去耐将来津时He纲s手ai良d裂th咱eywo揭ul傍dst惠ar润t攻th谣e堤ne巧xt吐d冲ay扬.Review1.直接因引语大和间逮接引脸语的见概念线。2.直接其引语摔和间阴接引腊语之疗间如潮何相互势转换幻玉。3.注意预人称桂、时朵态、门指示年代词蜓、时间状宿语、耍地点亦状语美和动翻词的障变化耽。Individualactivity注:另附wo伐rd文档喘。点击护此处继链接1.甚J遇ac御k惊sa兴id往t晕o浮me谜,叔“Y盆ou晒l秤oo劣k镜wo郑rr漏ie迅d踏to英da歌y.粮”Ja声ck此t除ol哪d说me吸t梁ha游t远__游_膝wo揪rr参ie青d普__传_.岔A迷.悼he屿l冒oo甚ke捕d细…鞠to班da烦y柴B掩.毁yo察u中lo戏ok纸…书t资od奏ay声C.披w仅e译lo料ok娱ed饶…俘t垒ha冷t凉da丸y匙D.还I叔l小oo芦ke启d握…捏th托at侮d澡ayQu眯iz析I详:型Mu岭lt挎ip耳le倾c绳ho颤ic柏e2.鉴W初e夸sa屑id在t恶o目he然r,狼“盐Th睬ey赔’r闯e抄wa鹊lk名in才g费th理ro顽ug判h袍th弄e奴st朽re开et章n扣ow副.”We绳t脆ol崖d耻he甲r厌th器at斥_霞__羞t机hr豪ou具gh像t岔he容s进tr宾ee姻t茧__稳_.机A.舍w孔e捆we欣re纱w蓬al哀ki企ng项…埋t信he巨n和B愉.淘yo截u驱ar爬e超wa仍lk妨in绕g稿…代no论w护C换.诉th需ey愿w槽er芳e筝wa桨lk员in消g上…虚th番en孕D挽.牌th形ey贺w绍al垃ki疤ng参…暮n补ow3.MrBl度ac饺k界sa稿id槐,营“I阶h虎av菌e将wa蔬lk竟ed斥a贯l阔on禁g陪wa弟y亏th宽is蛙w纤ee纯k.诞”MrBl恩ac沫k却sa刊id衫t显ha牺t驳__趁_茄a丙lo铜ng荣w歇ay谢_免__浆.学A迅.及I贞ha篮d范wa新lk给ed股…斤l止as茂t兵we格ek肠B帜.店he垃h醒ad渡w楼al准ke仰d宾…貌th昏at云w里ee秋k圆C灶.喷I白wa于lk临ed谁…抖l组as途t石we苦ek侵D牙.练he挨h辨as狱w深al蛛ke齿d巴…眉th龄is贯w揭ee葬k4.遮T故he蛾m醉an猪t循ho疮ug松ht钱,踩“I苦s馆ha轻ll勉t弓ak畜e车it伐b苍ac驰k更to漫mo非rr导ow湿.”Th饿e厕ma晨n处th叫ou谨gh呆t奋th侮at庭_更__顺t展ak忍e夫it灵b峰ac状k骆__概_.练A馆.队I哄sh御al锈l士…基to撑mo墨rr壤ow难B.砌I连s抛ha献ll红…洒t耻he锡n四ex允t赖da滔y议C.酸h仍e淹sh货ou尘ld炎…做t突om傍or基ro滔w灶D.杏h状e冻wo滩ul姨d郊…恨th闻e柔ne中xt驼d丘ay5.蜂T雅he英y穷sa石id码t夸o朽us俩,领“A愁re衰y裳ou狱a躬fr任ai赏d租to重l软ea为ve岸t旺hi今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