中考英语语法复习主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致含义原则语法一致就近一致意义一致指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致语法一致语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。考点一：一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。考点二：动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。考点三：复合不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,noone,nobody,nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【注意】1.“neitherof/noneof+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。2.either指“两者之中任何一个”,作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“eitherof+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。3.each作同位语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数;“eachof+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。考点四：当用both...and...连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式；当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。考点五：当主语后面跟有with,except,including,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,inadditionto等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。考点六：当主语是“a/thiskindof+名词”构成，其谓语动词用单数形式。当主语是“...kindsof+名词”构成，其谓语动词用复数形式。考点七：当what-,whether...ornot分句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。考点八：一些由两部分构成的表示物体的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如shoe,glove,trouser,scissor,chopstick等。但如果这些名词前有量词如pair等修饰时，谓语动词的数与量词保持一致。练习：单选1.Freshwater_______moreimportantthananythingelse.is B.are C.wasD.were2.Thispairofsocks______soft.I'lltake_______.A.feel;itB.feels;itC.feels;themD.feel;them3.Asweallknow,usingpublicchopsticks______necessarywhenweeatwithothers.A.is B.are C.wasD.were4.Tom,togetherwithhisfriends,often______totheoldpeople’shometocheertheoldup.A.goB.goingC.goesD.togo用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Iliketeacherswho_______(be)alwaysfriendly,helpfulandfairtoeachstudent.2.There_______(be)alotofrainhereeveryyear.

3.We’veallgotbothlightanddarkinsideus.What_______(matter)isthepartwechoosetoacton.That’swhowereallyare.

4.Theteacherwithhisstudents_______(be)proudoftheirperformanceaftertheSchoolMusicFestival.

5.—Whydidn’tyoucometomypartyyesterdayafternoon?—Sorry,Iwithmyparents______________(harvest)thewheatinthefieldatthattime.6.About300to1,000red-crownedcranes_______(fly)toYanchengNatureReserveeveryyeartospendthewinter.7.Thiskindofapples_______(be)expensive.8.Yourfriendandadviser___________(agree)tolendmehismoneysofar.9.Eachstudent_______(have)hisorherownplaceinthelibrary.10.Eachoftheseexercises_______(take)oneortwominutestodo.11.Myglasses_______(be)brokensoIwillbuyanotherpair.12.Thispairofglasses_______(be)veryexpensive—itcostme500yuan.13.Whetherornotyouwillsucceedinthisexam_______(depend)onyourhardwork.根据句意及所给首字母或汉语意思写单词。1.Thiskindofspecialnoodles

t

sodeliciousthatIcan’thelpaskingformore.2.It

t

us90minutesfromTongrentoGuiyangbyhigh-speedtrain.3.WecanseeclearlythatMongolia_______(位于)betweenChinaandRussiaonthemap.4.Eatingtoomuchsalt_________(增加)theriskofhighbloodpressure.5.LiRui_______(弹奏)theguitarafterschooleveryday.6.Beforetravelling,mymotheroften_________(准备)everythingwell.

意义一致意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义决定。考点一：当数词作主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等复数名词(词组)作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。注意：也可根据语法一致的原则。考点二：有些集体名词常指复数的人或物，谓语用复数形式，如police；有些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式，如family,class,team,group,crowd等；当population意为“人口数量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；意为“全体居民”时，谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。考点三：“a(large/small)numberof+

复数可数名词

/

代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“thenumberof+复数可数名词

/

代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“分数

/

百分数+of+名词”和“therest/most/halfof+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由名词决定。考点四：以-s结尾的单数名词如news,physics,maths,politics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。考点五：“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示某一家人或夫妇两人，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。练习：单选1.Onethousandkilometers________quitealongwaytotheancient,butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.A.was B.had C.were D.Have2.IplantotraveltoAmericanextmonth,andIthink2000dollars______enough.A.was B.are C.is D.were3.Myfamily______fordinnernow.We’rebusy.A.ispreparingB.arepreparingC.preparesD.prepare4.—Thenumberoftourists_______over33millionthisyear.—Yes.Alargenumberoftourists_______sofarbecauseofthenewlookofourcity.A.is;havecome

B.is;hascomeC.are;hascome

D.are;havecome用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.Look!TheBrowns_________(eat)supperinthekitchen.2.Sofar,thecouple_______________(notchange)theirflatsincetheyhadasecondchild.3.Thepolice_______(be)lookingforthecriminalsnow.4.Theteam_______(be)notplayingverywellthisseason.5.Fifteenmiles_______(seem)likealongwalktome.

6.Halfofthebuilding_______(be)damagedinthefire.7.Halfofthestudentsinmyclass_______(be)boys.8.Therestofthelecture_______(be)boring.9.Therestofthebicycles_______(be)onsaletoday.10.Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresent_________(be)againsttheplan.根据句意及所给汉语意思写单词。1.Badnews_______(传播)faster.2.The2022BeijingOlympicGames

___________________

thepublictopayattentiontowintersports.(鼓励)3.There’remanyrocksinunusualshapes

—

somehangdown,andothers_______upwards.(指向)

就近一致就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。考点一：以or,notonly...butalso...,either...or...,neither...nor...

等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。考点二：在therebe

句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，主语与谓语的一致通常遵循就近一致原则。练习：单选1.NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfather________crazyaboutthebasketballmatch.A.amB.isC.areD.be2.There_______anEnglishshowthisweekend.Shallwegoandwatchit?A.aregoingtobeB.was C.willbe D.were3.Inthefaceofthevariation(变异)ofthevirus,notonlyChinabutalsoothercountries________totakeactiontofightagainstthecrisis(危机).A.have B.has C.havingD.tohave4.Ontheleftoftheplayground________thelibrary.There________manybooksandcomputersinit.A.are;is B.is;are C.are;are D.is;is5.Toavoidgathering(聚集),neitherthestudentsnortheirteacher______goingtothepartythisevening.A.wasB.are C.isD.were6.NotonlyJimbutalsohissister______afewcitiesinthesouthsincetheycametoChina.A.havevisited B.hasvisited C.visited D.visits用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.There_______(be)abookandtworulersonthedesk.2.Eithermy

fatherormymother_______(be)comingtoseemenextweek.巩固练习1．Howtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.A.have B.has C.is D.are2．Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother________totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven’tbeenback.A.havebeen B.havegone C.hasbeen D.hasgone3．Neithermyfather________goingtoseethepatient.A.norIamB.norIare C.ormeareD.ormeis4．Look!There_______playingwiththetouristsonYinheSquare.A.areanumberofdeerB.areanumberofdeers C.isanumberofdeer D.isanumberofdeers5．Thenumberof________inourclass________fifty.A.student,is B.thestudents,are C.thestudents,isD.students,are6．Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass_____54.A.is B.are

C.has

D.have7．NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary________tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother．A．is B．are C．am D．be8．Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A．isoffered B．hasoffered C．are