2023年北京首都体育学院考研英语练习题100道（附答案解析）

年北京首都体育学院考研英语练习题100道（附答案解析）

第1题【单选题】Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006’sWorldCuptournamentyouwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:elitesoccerplayersarelikelytohavebeenbornintheearliermonthsoftheyearthaninthelatermonths.IfyouthenexaminedtheEuropeannationalyouthteamsthatfeedtheWorldCupandprofessionalranks,youwouldfindthisstrangephenomenontobeevenmorepronounced.Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?Hereareafewguesses:a）certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills.b）winter-bornbabiestendtohavehigheroxygencapacitywhichincreasessoccerstamina.c）soccermadparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtimeattheannualpeakofsoccermania.d）noneoftheabove.Theword“mania”（Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans________.A、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能”，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力”，“足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命”等等。本段中的“mania”一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccermad”，意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断“mania”一词与“soccermad”接近，即“疯狂”。因此正确答案是B。第2题【单选题】Facinggrowingcostsandshrinkingtax________,thegovernmentisnowthreateningtocutfundingforenvironmentalprotectionprograms.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue“收入，税收”，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第3题【单选题】Theproblemisthatsuchanimpulseishardtosustain.Acrossthecountry,manysimilarfamilieswereunabletomaintaintheinitialboostinmorale.Forsome,thehardshipsoflifewithoutsteadyworkeventuallyoverwhelmedtheirattemptstokeeptheirfamiliestogether.Thedivorcerateroseagainduringtherestofthedecadeastherecoverytookhold.Whatwillthecurrenteconomiccrisiseventuallydotosomemarriedcouples?A、Itwillforcethemtopulltheireffortstogether.B、Itwillunderminetheirmutualunderstanding.C、Itwillirreparablydamagetheirrelationship.D、Itwillhelpstrengthentheiremotionalbonds.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。推理判断题。文章本段最后两句提到，工作的不稳定、生活的艰辛最终会使得一些美国人维系家庭的努力消失殆尽，危机过后的数十年中随着经济复苏离婚率再次上升。由此可见，目前的经济危机最终会伤害夫妻关系至无法弥补，故答案为C。A“会迫使他们齐心协力”是经济萧条初期会出现的情况，可以排除；B和D在文中均未提及。第4题【单选题】Ontheotherhand,onthemoontherewillbeanattractionbetweenthebutterandthemoon;butthebutterwillweighonlyaboutone-sixthasmuchasitdoesontheearth.Thisisbecausethemoonissomuchsmallerthantheearth.Theamountofgravitationalpullthatabodyproducesdependsontheamountofmaterialinit.Apacketofbutterhasagravitationalpullofitsown;butthisisverysmallinrelationtothepullofsomethingaslargeasthemoon,ortheearth,orthesun.WedonotfeelthegravitationalpullofapacketofbutterbecauseA、itistoosmalltohaveagravitationalpullofitsown.B、itspullissosmallthatwetendtoignoreit.C、itspulldisappearsinthepresenceoftheearth’sgravitation.D、ittendstomeltandlosesitsgravitationalpull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题定位词是notfeel…packetofbutter，找到原文中Apacketofbutterhasagravitationalpullofitsown;butthisisverysmallinrelationtothepullofsomethingaslargeasthemoon,ortheearth,orthesun.所以答案是B。C项错在disappear。第5题【单选题】InthespiritoffranknesswhichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek,letusrecognizeattheoutsetthesepoints.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。whichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek限制性定语从句，修饰frankness。Ihope是定语从句中的插入语。Inthespiritof：本着…的精神。attheoutset：在开始的时候。第6题【单选题】Let’s________thebirdfromthecase.A、liberateB、putC、setD、free【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：咱们把鸟从笼子里放了吧。free意为“使自由；释放”，常与from连用；liberate意为“释放”；put不能和from连用；set后面接from的时候还要加free，即setfreefrom.第7题【单选题】_______fromspace,theearth,withwater______seventypercentofitssurface,lookslikea“blueball”.A、Seen;coveredB、Seen;coveringC、Seeing;coveringD、Seeing;covering【正确答案】B【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词，要看它与句子主语的关系。在此see与theearth为被动关系，因此用过去分词；water与cover间为主动关系，因此用现在分词。第8题【单选题】________youreallyneedisself-confidence(自信).A、ThatB、WhatC、AnythingD、Somethingwhich【正确答案】B【答案解析】题意为“你真正需要的是自信”，空白处需要填入的引导词是what。第9题【单选题】ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe"PotatoFamine（饥荒）"of1845~1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe"PotatoFamine"becauseA、theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse.B、theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.C、theweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes.D、thepotatoharvestwasbad.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到，土豆传到欧洲后被广泛种植。爱尔兰人对土豆非常依靠。在“土豆饥荒”时期，土豆减产（whenthecropfailed），因而人们遭受饥饿，被迫离开故土。第10题【单选题】Isthathowyou_____meformyhelp?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】reward奖励；奖赏。第11题【单选题】Thepairoflegsthatcarriedhimrickety,andtherewasabiasinhisgaitwhichinclinedhimsomewhattotheleftofastraightline.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动词carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着”。第12题【单选题】Therearetoomanybigthingsinvolved________this.A、beforeB、forC、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】beinvolvedin：牵涉，涉及到，答案选C。第13题【单选题】The________ofmypaperonanimalcommunicationincludesabookonwhalesongs.A、biographyB、prefaceC、introductionD、bibliography【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：我那篇有关动物交际的论文的参考书目中包括一本关于鲸语言的书。bibliography意为“书目；作品目录”；biography意为“传记”；preface意为“序言，前言，开场白”；introduction意为“导言，开场白”。第14题【单选题】Economicfactorsaside,the[imbalanced]distributionofeducationalresourcesalsoaffectsfairnessofeducation.A、unjustB、impartialC、unevenD、improper【正确答案】C【答案解析】[imbalanced]不平衡的，不均衡的。uneven不均衡的。参考译文：除经济因素外，教育资源分配不均同样影响到了教育的公平性。第15题【单选题】Theaudiencewaitedin_________silencewhiletheiragedspeakersearchedamonghisnotesforthefigureshecouldnotremember.A、respectiveB、respectC、respectfulD、respectable【正确答案】C【答案解析】respective各自的。respect尊敬/方面。respectful殷勤的/有礼的。respectable高尚的/令人尊敬的。第16题【单选题】Thebook_______lastmonthsellswell.A、publishedB、publishingC、tobepublishedD、beingpublished【正确答案】A【答案解析】题意：上月出版的那本书卖得很好。上个月出版的书，表示的是已经完成的动作，用过去分词published，相当于whichwaspublished。第17题【单选题】Takeataxi,______you’llmissyourtrain.A、andB、ifC、otherwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用and，表示忠告时用连词otherwise，表示威胁时，用连词or。第18题【单选题】Shetookherinherarmsandtriedto[comfort]her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】[comfort]使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第19题【单选题】Theydidfindthat______appearsinadreamhasfargreaterinfluenceonmoodthan________occursinthedream.A、theperson...thethingB、who...whatC、who...thatD、thepersonwho...which【正确答案】B【答案解析】that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，who,what分别做主语，代表人和事情。第20题【单选题】ThewesternmediawasastonishedtoseethatChina’sGDP________byalmost40%justintwoyears’time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar“高涨，猛增”。根据题意，正确答案应选C。第21题【单选题】—Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.—______.A、Idon’tB、Iwon’tC、Ican’tD、Ihaven’t【正确答案】B【答案解析】完整回答为Iwon’tforgettocometoyourbirthdaypartytomorrow.答案为B。第22题【单选题】Researchshowsheavycoffeedrinkingis________asmallincreaseinbloodpressure,butnotenoughtoincreasetheriskforhighbloodpressure.A、comparedwithB、associatedwithC、attributedtoD、referredto【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith“与有关联”，可见该词组符合题意。第23题【单选题】ManybusinessmenattendedtheBoaoForum(博鳌论坛)becausetheyknewwhat________fromtheforum.A、togetB、tobegotC、gotD、getting【正确答案】A【答案解析】英语中,许多动词(如:know,decide,tellsb.,showsb.等)后可接疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式短语的结构来作宾语。题中knewwhattoget相当于knewwhattheywouldget。第24题【单选题】Don’t_____yourhealth.A、recommendB、enterC、slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第25题【单选题】To_____newmoneythesportneedstobemoreentertaining.A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第26题【单选题】Shecan’thelp______thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A、tocleanB、cleaningC、cleanedD、beingcleaned【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义不同：can’thelpdoingsth.意为“禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事”；can’thelptodosth.意为“不能帮助做某事”。第27题【单选题】ShetoldmehernamewasHelenandshewastalkingtoalocalrestaurantwheretheyweregoingtohavelunchafterherappointment.Shecalledtoseeifhewasthere.Shesaid,“MyhusbandhasAlzheimer’s（老年痴呆）andheshouldn’tbedrivingwithoutme.”Numerousthoughtsranthroughmyhead.Callthepolice,callherfamily,andnotify（通知）thedoctor’sofficeshehadjustcomefrom!Butatfirst,IofferedtodrivetothelocalrestauranttoseeifEdwaswaitingforherthere.Theelderlywomancriedinthelobbywhenshewastalkingto________.A、herhusbandwithAlzheimer’sB、thenurseinthedoctor’sofficeC、alocalrestaurantD、oneofherfamilymembers【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中ShetoldmehernamewasHelenandshewastalkingtoalocalrestaurant…可知答案为C项。Helen由于担心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打电话到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第28题【单选题】Congress[assembles]togetherinJanuary.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】[assembles]集合，聚集；装配；收集；gather收集；收割；使…聚集；使…皱起。第29题【单选题】TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Intheauthor’sopinion,advertising______.A、emergesinthewakeoftheantihappyartB、isacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralpublicC、replacesthechurchasamajorsourceofinformationD、createsanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessitself【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。观点态度题。本段第4句指出，商业文化（其代表就是广告）传达快乐信息的目的是诱使我们打开钱包，而这使快乐的概念本身变得不可信了。接着指出，我们忘记了，幸福不仅仅是没有痛苦的享乐，那些带来最大快乐的东西同时也最有可能带来巨大的损失和失望。由此可知，广告带给我们的快乐是一种不真实的感受。因此D正确。第30题【单选题】Manypeopleacton_____withoutcountingthecost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；[电子]脉冲；刺激；神经冲动；推动力。第31题【阅读理解】BillClintonlikestoboastthatAmericaseconomyisinitsbestshapefor30years.Inmanywaysheisright:theexpansionhashummedalongformorethansixyears,inflationislow,andunemploymenthastumbledto4.8%,alevelnotseensincethe1960s.（1）[Yetthereisoneglaringdifferencebetweentoday’seconomyandtheglorydaysofagenerationago：saving,orratherthelackofit.]（2）LastyearAmericansputonly4.3%oftheirdisposableincomeinthepiggybank,justabouthalfasmuchastheirparentssaltedawayin1967.Unlessthistrendtowardsprofligacyisstemmed,andpreferablyreversed,America’s“miracleeconomy”willrestonshakyfoundations.Lessobvious,however,ishowtodoit.PersonalsavingisonlyonefactorinAmericasoverallrateofthrift.Firmsmakeacontributionthroughcorporatesaving（infact,manyeconomistsreckonthedistinctionbetweenhouseholdandcorporatesavingisaratherarbitraryone）,andthegovernment,too,playsabigrole.Thebiggerthedeficit,themoreitdragsdownoverallsavingsrates.Adecadeago,Americasabysmalsavingsratescouldbeexplainedtoalargeextentbygovernmentprofligacy.Butnowthatthebiganddeficithasbeentamed,andwhichtheprospectofabalancedbudgetby2002,itistimetoturnattentiontoAmericansthemselves.（3）Thepictureisnotpretty.Sincethemid-1970sthelong-trendinhouseholdsavinghasbeendownwards.Recentlyitappearedthatthispicturemightbechanging:personalsavingratesinthemid-1990sappearedflat,orevenonaslightlyupwardtrend.（4）Butthelatestbigrevisiontothestatistics,publishedbytheCommerceDepartmentattheendofJuly,toldadifferentstory.Itshowedthatpersonalsavingsratesarestillonadownwardtrend,andhavefallenparticularlysharplyinthepast18months.Atonelevel,thisrevisionchearedupabitofamystery.（5）Economistshadbeensurprisedatthelackofa“wealtheffect”：peopledidnotseemtobespendingmuchmore,despitehugeappreciationinthevalueoftheirstockmarkerassets.Thenewstatisticsshowmuchhigherconsumption.【正确答案】然而，当今的经济与30年前的辉煌时代相比有一个明显的区别，这就是储蓄，或者更确切地说是储蓄太少。【答案解析】冒号后面的语句“saving,orratherthelackofit”是对“oneglaringdifference”起一个解释作用。【正确答案】去年，美国人只将其可支配收入的4.3%存了起来，差不多只有1967年他们父辈储蓄的一半。【答案解析】句中“justabout…in1967”是“4.3%oftheirdisposableincome”的同位语，对其作进一步解释和强调主题。【正确答案】形势并不令人乐观。从20世纪70年代中期起，家庭储蓄一直下降。最近这种情形似乎正在变化：九十年代中期个人储蓄率表现平稳，甚至还略有上升趋势。【答案解析】句中的“thispicture”指的是此句的前一句“since…downwards”所表达的内容。冒号后的内容则是为了说明picture是如何charge的。【正确答案】但是商业部七月底公布的最新修订统计数据表明事实并非如此。【答案解析】“publishedby…attheendofJuly”用来修饰“thelatestbigrevision”,作定语从句。全句主语为“revision”，谓语是“told”，宾语是“story”.【正确答案】经济学家们对财富效应的缺乏感到惊讶：尽管债券资产大大升值，但是人们的消费似乎并没有因此有多大的增加。【答案解析】冒号后面的语句“Peopledidnotseem…theirstockmarketassets.”是对“thelackofawealtheffect”起一个解释的作用。第32题【单选题】Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctanddrivestowardaggressioninthehumanspecies.Naturalimpulsesofanger,hostility,andterritoriality(守卫地盘的天性)areexpressedthroughactsofviolence.Theseareallqualitiesthathumanssharewithanimals.Aggressionisakindofinnate(天生的)survivalmechanism,aninstinctforself-preservation,thatallowsanimalstodefendthemselvesfromthreatstotheirexistence.But,ontheotherhand,humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehavior.Inthecaseofhumanaggression,violencecannotbesimplyreducedtoaninstinct.Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior.Inhumansocietiesviolencehasasocialfunction:Itisastrategyforcreatingordestroyingformsofsocialorder.Religioustraditionshavetakenaleadingroleindirectingthepowersofviolence.Wewilllookattheritualandethical(道德上的)patternswithinwhichhumanviolencehasbeendirected.Humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehaviorinthat______.A、itthreatenstheexistingsocialsystemsB、itisinfluencedbysocietyC、ithasrootsinreligiousconflictsD、itisdirectedagainstinstitutionsoflaw【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“alearnedbehavior”。可以知道本题的答案应该就在本段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior，将其定型为侵略性行为。第33题【单选题】IntheUnitedStates,creditcardfeeshavebecomeapoliticalissue.Congresshasthreatenedtotakeactionagainstsomebadbehaviorbylenders.Butgettingacreditcardhasbecomealoteasierformostpeople.Andmanycardsofferlowratesatfirst,especiallyifpeopleagreetomovetheirmoneyfromanothercard.IntheUSA,Congresshasthreatenedtotakeactionagainstsomebadbehaviorto_____.A、theinterestchargeonbuyingsomethingB、toshowpeoplethenegativeeffectsthatcreditcardsbringtopeopleC、restrainthephenomenonofcreditcardfeesD、Akeyboard【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。第三段开篇讲到信用卡产生的费用已经转变成为一个重要的政治问题，国会已经迫于压力采取了一定的举措整治这些不良的信用行为，这些举措都是针对信用卡费用这一严重问题展开的，这个问题是这些举措的目的所在。第34题【单选题】Ihopethatthelittle____I’vebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.A、whichB、whenC、thatD、who【正确答案】C【答案解析】当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that，不用which。句意：我希望我能够做到的那一点点是有些用处的。第35题【单选题】ItwasakeendisappointmentthatIhadtopostponemyvisitwhichIhadintendedtopaytoGermanyinJanuary.A、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。B、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。C、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。D、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题主要考查英语评价句的翻译。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的后面。第36题【单选题】IfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugeneFodor,itwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwritinghasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecordedtimeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneystostrangeandexoticlocales.Thispassageismostlyabout__________.A、whypeoplefindtravelwritingexcitingB、theliterarystyleofthreeearlytravelwritersC、wherethreeearlytravelwriterswentandwroteaboutD、howtowriteatravelbook【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。主旨题。联系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文讲了三个作家，锁定答案B和C，结合内容，文章主要讲关于他们的旅行和作品。第37题【单选题】Hewantedtolookfor[occupation]suitedtohisabilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC、speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】[occupation]职业；employment职业；雇用。第38题【单选题】Werelymorethananyothermajoreconomyonthegoodsandservicesthatweexport,theinvestmentthatweattractandwemakeabroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指“经济大国”，是近几年才出现的一种用法。第39题【单选题】Willyoufindmeapen____?A、towriteB、towritewithC、writingD、writingwith【正确答案】B【答案解析】作定语的不定式如果与其前面所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，然而动词又为不及物动词，动词后要加介词或副词，使其成为及物动词词组，所以这里要加介词with。towritewithapen意思为“用笔写”。第40题【单选题】Wehavegreatdifferencestoday.Whatbringsustogetheristhatwehavecommoninterestswhichtranscendthosedifferences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一起的，是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。greatdifferences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧”的意思；interests在本句中不是表示“兴趣”，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第41题【单选题】Ihopethatthelittle____I’vebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.A、whichB、whenC、thatD、who【正确答案】C【答案解析】当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that，不用which。句意：我希望我能够做到的那一点点是有些用处的。第42题【单选题】Youdon’thaveto_____meofanything.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD、persuade【正确答案】D【答案解析】persuade说服，劝说；使某人相信；劝某人做（不做）某事。第43题【单选题】Costwasakey_____inourdecision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第44题【单选题】Incomemaybenationalincomeandpersonalincome.Whereasnationalincomeisdefinedasthetotalearnedincomeofallthefactorsofproduction—namely,profits,interest,rent,wages,andothercompensationforlabor,personalincomemaybedefinedastotalmoneyincomereceivedbyindividualsbeforepersonaltaxesarepaid.NationalincomedoesnotequalGNPbecausethefactorsofproductiondonotreceivepaymentforeithercapitalconsumptionallowancesorindirectbusinesstaxes,bothofwhichareincludedinGNP.Themoneyputasideforcapitalconsumptionisforreplacementandthusisnotcountedasincome.Indirecttaxesincludesalestaxes,propertytaxes,andexcisetaxesthatarepaidbybusinessesdirectlytothegovernmentandsoreducetheincomelefttopayforthefactorsofproduction.Three-fourthsofnationalincomegoesforwages,salaries,andotherformsofcompensationtoemployees.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotheparagraph?A、GNPequalsnationalincomeplusindirectbusinesstaxes.B、GNPexcludesbothcapitalconsumptionallowancesandindirectbusinesstaxes.C、Personalincomeisregardedasthetotalmoneyincomereceivedbyanindividualafterhisorhertaxesarepaid.D、Themoneythatgoesforcapitalconsumptionisnotregardedasincome.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题的依据是本段的Themoneyputasideforcapitalconsumptionisforreplacementandthusisnotcountedasincome.这个句子。对原句的词语选项D用了别的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第45题【单选题】LiuXiang’srunningcareerbeganto_____afterhewonthegoldmedalinOlympicGames.A、speedupB、flyawayC、giveawayD、takeoff【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。此题考查了动词短语。在此句中的takeoff的意思为“出名”。而speedup的意思为“加速”；flyaway的意思为“飞走”；giveaway的意思为“送掉、分发”。均与句子的意思不符。第46题【单选题】Peterhasachangeable[character].A、roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】[character]性格，品质；disposition性情。第47题【单选题】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。对照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A，成为一个优势，答案是A。第48题【单选题】Thehurricanewasincredibly[devastating]andleftthousandshomeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】[devastating]毁灭性的。destructive破坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第49题【单选题】Yesterdayastreet-beggarboughtalotteryticketpurposelessly,________himamillionaireovernight.A、makingB、makesC、tomakeD、made【正确答案】C【答案解析】不定式作结果状语表示主语未曾预料到的结果。第50题【单选题】ThewesternmediawasastonishedtoseethatChina’sGDP________byalmost40%justintwoyears’time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar“高涨，猛增”。根据题意，正确答案应选C。第51题【单选题】Mylittlehousecan’tcompare_______hisvilla（别墅）.A、asB、fromC、withD、by【正确答案】C【答案解析】comparewith：与……相比/匹敌。句意：我的小房子是无法和他的别墅相比的。答案选C第52题【单选题】Cheeseisreallyagood[lure]formice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】[lure]n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第53题【单选题】Whatmight_____forthisstrangephenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第54题【单选题】Willallthose_____theproposalraisetheirhands?A、inrelationtoB、incontrasttoC、inexcessofD、infavorof【正确答案】D【答案解析】inrelationto关于。incontrastto相反/对立。inexcessof超出。infavorof喜欢。第55题【单选题】Economicfactorsaside,the[imbalanced]distributionofeducationalresourcesalsoaffectsfairnessofeducation.A、unjustB、impartialC、unevenD、improper【正确答案】C【答案解析】[imbalanced]不平衡的，不均衡的。uneven不均衡的。参考译文：除经济因素外，教育资源分配不均同样影响到了教育的公平性。第56题【单选题】PeoplearebeingluredontoFacebookwiththepromiseofafun,freeservice,withoutrealizingthey’repayingforitbygivinguploadsofpersonalinformation.Facebookthenattemptstomakemoneybysellingtheirdatatoadvertisersthatwanttosendtargetedmessages.WhatdowelearnaboutFacebookfromthefirstparagraph?A、Itisawebsitethatsendsmessagestotargetedusers.B、Itmakesmoneybyputtingonadvertisements.C、Itprovidesloadsofinformationtoitsusers.D、Itprofitsbysellingitsuserspersonaldata.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。事实细节题。本段指出，用户在脸谱网泄露了大量个人信息，而脸谱网将这些信息出售给向目标人群发送信息的广告商，以此盈利。D中的profits是原文中makemoney的同义转换，故为答案。第57题【单选题】The_____isexpectedtobepassedinthenextparliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD、instrument【正确答案】A【答案解析】instrument仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械。第58题【单选题】—Whenwillyoubethroughwithyourwork,Jones?—______?Mybossusuallyfindssomethingformetodoatthelastminute.A、WhoknowsB、WouldyouhelpmeC、IbegyourpardonD、Anythingthematter【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查交际用语。Whoknows?表示“谁知道（无法确定）”，与后句的含义相吻合。第59题【单选题】Themeeting_____nextweekwillbeofgreatimportance.A、tobeheldB、heldC、holdingD、isheld【正确答案】A【答案解析】谓语动词用了将来时态，所以选不定式作定语，表将来。第60题【单选题】Thetall,well-dressedgentlemanstandingbeforemewascertainlyafarcryfromtheoldseawolfofmyimagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。“standingbeforeme”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞“gentleman”，译成汉语可放在句首。“afarcryfromsth/doingsth”是习语，意思是：averydifferentexperiencefromsth/doingsth与某事物[做某事物]大不相同。“wolf”是狼的意思，“seawolf”在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪”比较贴切。第61题【单选题】Tomwasseriouslyill.________hewasabsentfromschool.A、HewasbecauseB、ThatwaswhyC、ThatwasbecauseD、Thatwasthat【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席”，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第62题【单选题】Attwenty-two,hehadfirstlearnedwhatitistoaNegro.A、他22岁时，生平第一次尝到了对待黑人的滋味。B、他22岁时，生平第一次懂得了如何做一个黑人。C、他22岁时，生平第一次知道了黑人意味着什么。D、他22岁时，生平第一次知道是如何对待黑人的。【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题解题的关键是whatitistoaNegro，表示的意思是：对待黑人的滋味。第63题【单选题】Thelittleboy’sface,hislookoffearanddesperation,hiscriesforhelp—thechoicewasmadeinourintrinsicloveforchildren.A、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。B、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱使我们做出了选择。C、看一看那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，听一听他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。D、看到那孩子的脸，脸上害怕和绝望的表情，听到他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们做出了选择。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。原文是三个名词词组，译文为了行文的需要，加了“看一看”和“听一听”。第64题【单选题】Itisamusingthatshe________herfather’sbadtemperaswellashermother’sgoodlooks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、特征等）”。第65题【单选题】Thegovernmenthascalledforanindependent[inquiry]intotheincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】[inquiry]调查，质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第66题【单选题】Thebenefitofitwould[compensate]danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensatevt.补偿，赔偿；付报酬。第67题【单选题】Hesmiled,withthe[implication]thathedidn’tbelieveme.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】[implication]n.含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响。第68题【单选题】Thisstatementisnotconsistent_______whatyousaidatyesterdaysmeeting.A、asB、withC、inD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】beconsistentwith:和…一致。beconsistentin:在某方面前后一致。句意：这个说法与你昨天会上的发言不相符。答案选B。第69题【单选题】Homeheating,whichaccountsforlessthan7percentof