福建省福州市铁路中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末试题含解析

福建省福州市铁路中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.---Didyoucatch______sightofatallTVtowerinthedistancejustnow?---Yes,andnowit’soutof____sight.A./;the

B./;/

C.the;the

D.a;a参考答案：B2.Isitsoimportant?Hejustaskedmecasuallyaboutit________adrink.A.over

B.in

C.for

D.as参考答案：A3.Oh,it’syou!I________you.Youusedtobefat.Whendidyouloseyourweight?A.didn’trecognize

B.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognized

D.wouldn’trecognize参考答案：A4.HadChinaandothercountriesinvolvedintheBeltandRoadInitiatenotworkedtogether,we

greatachievementsinthefinancialdevelopmentsince2015.A.hadn’tachievedB.wouldnothavebeenachievingC.didnotachieveD.wouldnotachieve参考答案：B5.—CouldIuseyourcomputerforafewmoments,please?—____I’mnotusingitmyself.A.Comeon.

B.Itdepends.

C.Goahead.

D.That’sgreat.参考答案：C6.Itisadvisedbyhealthexpertsthatwindowsshouldbeopenednowandthenforairto_____,whichmakestheairinyourroomfresher.A.gothrough

B.getthrough

C.circulate

D.spreadaround参考答案：C7.Thebrokenbikeneeds______.A.torepair

B.repaired

C.beingrepaired

D.repairing参考答案：D略8.Don’tmentionthatatthebeginningofthestory,oritmay____thesurprisingending.A.giveaway

B.giveout

C.giveup

D.giveoff参考答案：A9.Idon'tmindplayingagainstabeginner，likemyself，butI'mnotgoingto_____someonewhohasbeenplayingchessforyears．.A.takeup

B.takeonC.takeoff

D.takedown参考答案：B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不介意和初学者比赛，像我自己，但是我不接受下棋许多年的人。题干中表示“不接受下棋许多年的人”，A.takeup拿起；B.takeon接受；C.takeoff起飞；D.takedown记下，故选B。10.Pleasemakemyexcuseattomorrow’smeeting.I’vegottoomuchwork

.A.todotocome

B.doingcoming

C.todocoming

D.doingtocome参考答案：A11.Thefirstthing________Ididwastoseeiftherewereanyproducts________mighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowders________tokillsnakes.A.that;/;designed

B.which;that;designedC./;that;designed

D./;which;design参考答案：C略12.Havingwalkedinthedesertforseveraldays,wefeltexhausted,butwehadtofindapoolbeforewaterinthebottle____.A.ranoutof

B.ranaway

C.ranout

D.ranoff参考答案：C13.Theaccidenthappenedonsuchaneveningwithstrongwinds__________byheavyrain.A.appeared

B.happened

C.accompanied

D.mixed参考答案：C略14.Canyouthinkofsomecases__________driversobviouslyknewthetrafficrulesbutdidnotobeythem.ks5u

A.which

B.as

C.where

D.that参考答案：C略15.IbehavedbadlyyesterdayandIam________

ofmyselfnow.A.ashamed

B.ashameC.shame

D.ashamedfor参考答案：A考查形容词。句意：我昨天表现不好，现在我为自己感到羞愧。ashamed羞愧的，形容词。beashamedof感到羞愧的，符合语境。故选A.16.—HowdoyouthinkIcanmakeupwithJohnson?

—Setaside______youdisagreeandtrytofind______youhaveincommon.

A.what;what

B.where;what

C.what;which

D.where;which参考答案：B二、完型填空17.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在机读卡上将该项涂黑。Onesummerseveralyearsago,myfamilywasenjoyingabarbecueonthebeach.Afterthebarbecue,myfather-in-lawinvitedmetogofishing.

Fishingwashishobby,butI

36

wentfishing.Wewalkedalittlewayalongthebeachandreachedarockbytheshore,andI

37

thehookintotheseafromthere.

Franklyspeaking,Iama(n)

38

person,andalthoughIhadnotfeltatug(猛拽)ontheline,Ireeledupthehookafterfiveminutesorso.Ihadcaught

39

.Itwasastarfish.IttrembleduneasilywhenI

40

thehookfromitsuglymouth.Ithrewthestarfishbackintothesea.AfteranotherfiveminutesIcaughtanotherstarfishandIthrewitbackagain.Afterawhile,Icaughtyetanotherstarfish.Thatwas

41

time,andthistimeIreallygotangry.Ihitthestarfishontherock

42

throwingitintothesea.Iwasnotinthe

43

tocontinuefishinganymore.WhenIwas

44

thefishingtools,Inoticedalittlegirllookingatthestarfishontherock.We

45

lookswitheachother.Thelittlegirlspoketomeina

46

voice.“Sir,wouldyoumindifI

47

thestarfishbackintothesea?”“Notatall,”Ireplied.“"Butyouknow,therearetoomanystarfishinthesea,andtheyeatmanyshellfish.

48

,theylooksougly.Idon'tlikethem.”“Iunderstand,”saidthelittlegirl.“Butifthestarfishcannotgetbacktothesea,itwillbe

49

bythesunanddie.Mydeadgrandfatheroncetoldmethattherearenolivingcreaturesthathavenorighttoexistintheworld.God

50

everycreaturebecauseitwasneededbynature.Poisonoussnakes,spiders,andstarfishwerebornintothisworldwithacertain

51

fortheirexistence.”“Allright,dear,pleasethrowthestarfishbackintothesea,”Isaidtothelittlegirl,feeling

52

.Thegirlpickedupthestarfishandgentlyputitintothesea,andshe

53

atmeandsaid,“Thankyou,sir.”Manypeoplelike"cute"creaturessuchasdogs,cats,andrabbits,whiletheytendtodislike“ugly”creaturessuchassnakes,spiders,andstarfish.

However,the“cuteness”and“ugliness”ofthingsaredecided

54

onlyonone’spersonalopinions.Therearenolivingcreaturesthathaveno

55

intheworld--thisiswhatIlearnedfromthelittlegirl.36.A.even

B.still

C.seldom

D.ever37.A.dragged

B.pulled

C.cast

D.pushed38.A.imaginable

B.careless

C.impatient

D.confident39.A.anything

B.something

C.everything

D.nothing40.A.received

B.released

C.replaced

D.relaxed41.A.asecond

B.thesecond

C.thethird

D.athird

42.A.otherthan

B.insteadof

C.morethan

D.exceptfor43.A.sense

B.hope

C.mood

D.peace44.A.puttingoff

B.puttingout

C.puttingin

D.puttingaway45.A.changed

B.exchanged

C.experienced

D.arranged46.A.frightened

B.hopeless

C.puzzled

D.hesitating47.A.put

B.threw

C.cast

D.dropped48.A.Therefore

B.However

C.Besides

D.Still49.A.diedout

B.wornout

C.turnedout

D.driedout50.A.protected

B.blessed

C.created

D.admitted51.A.idea

B.excuse

C.purpose

D.ability52.A.verysatisfied

B.alittleashamed

C.quiteangry

D.abittired53.A.smiled

B.shouted

C.looked

D.laughed54.A.carrying

B.based

C.depended

D.following55.A.value

B.right

C.

price

D.life参考答案：CCCBB

CBCDB

DACDC

CBABA三、阅读理解18.Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple---eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.Thereasonisthoughttobetheso–calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood’sroleinearningtrust.Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV---wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble,whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactionsfromthestart.”HarleyStreetpsychologistDr.LucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”26.Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho______.A.advertiseshisproductsonTV B.hasthesametasteasthemC.reducesthepriceofhisproducts D.paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts27.TheexperimentsconductedbyresearchersatChicagoUniversityshowthat______.A.foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople’strustB.bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemC.peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirboss’searnmoreD.peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV28.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Peoplewhoeatsimilarfoodaremorelikelytotrusteachother.B.Peoplewillgetalongwitheachotheriftheyliketoeatsimilarthings.C.Theeffectofwearingsimilarclotheshasn’tbeenprovedbyresearchers.D.Peoplearemorelikelytomakefriendswiththosewearingthesameclothesasthem.29.Theunderlinedword“transaction”probablymeans____________.A.framework B.deal C.estimate D.status30.Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofthesimilarityattractiontheory?A.Honestyisthebestpolicy. B.Allgoodthingscometoanend.C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether. D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.参考答案：26.B

27.A

28.A

29.B

30.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了相似吸引理论——人们更容易喜欢与自己有相似品味或习惯的人，以及这种理论在实际中的应用。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thereasonisthoughttobetheso–calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.”可知，人们更容易喜欢与自己有相似品味或习惯的人，由此可知，顾客可能从与自己有着相同的品味的经销商那里购买产品，故B项正确。27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.ResearchersatChicagoUniversityintheUSconductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood’sroleinearningtrust.”可知，这是首次强调食物在这种关系的研究之一，芝加哥大学的研究人员进行一系列的试验，研究食物在赢得信任中的作用，由此可知，食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着重要的作用，故A项正确。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.”可知，芝加哥大学的研究人员发现，人们对和他们吃一样东西的人更加信任，由此可知，持相似食物的人更容易互相信任，故A项正确。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,”可知，我们发现消费者认为两个人在食物消费上的相似性代表着两个人能够和睦相处，这意味着人们可以立即开始感受到友谊，并建立起纽带，从一开始就使交易更加顺利，由此可知画线词词义为“交易”，故B项正确。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thereasonisthoughttobetheso–calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.”可知，相似吸引理论指的是人们更容易喜欢和自己有相似品味和习惯的人，C项（物以类聚，人以群分）正好符合相似吸引理论，故C项正确。【点睛】本篇第5题的难度在于对四个英文谚语的理解，A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.（诚实乃上策）；B.Allgoodthingscometoanend.（天下无不散之宴席）：C.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.（物以类聚，人以群分）；D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（世上无难事，只要肯攀登），再根据第三段中的“Thereasonisthoughttobetheso–calledsimilarityattractiontheory---wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.”可知，相似吸引理论指的是人们更容易喜欢和自己有相似品味和习惯的人，C项（物以类聚，人以群分）正好符合相似吸引理论。19.Parentsusuallyteachtheirchildrenhowtocrossthestreetsafely,bylookingbothwaysforcars.Butdotheyalsoteachthemtoputawaytheircellphones?ThecityofHonolulu,Hawaiiwantseveryonetolearnthatlesson.Textingwhilecrossingthestreetwillsoonbebannedinthecity.BeginningonOctober24,youcouldbefinedfrom$15to$99ifyoustepontoaHonolulustreetwhilelookingatyourphone.HonoluluisthefirstmajorU.S.citytobanwhatiscalled"distractedwalking".Itrecentlypassedalawinaseven-to-twovote.Thelawsays:"Nopedestrianshallcrossastreetorhighwaywhileviewingamobileelectronicdevice(装置).”Inotherwords,donotlookatascreenwhenyoucrossthestreetoryoucouldbefined.Thelaw'screatorshopeitwilllowerthenumberofpeoplehitandkilledbycarsinthecity.MayorKirkCaldwelltoldReutersnewsagency,"Weholdtheunfortunatedistinctionofbeingamajorcitywithmorepedestriansbeinghitincrosswalks,particularlyourseniors,thanthatofalmostanyothercitiesinthecountry."Thelawincludesallelectronicdeviceswithscreens:cellphones,tablets,gamingdevices,digitalcamerasandlaptopcomputers.Thelawdoespermitanexception.Pedestriansmayusesuchdevicesinthestreettocallemergencyservicesandrescueworkers,suchasfirefightersandpoliceofficers.Pedestriandeathshavebeenincreasingastheuseofcellphonesrises.TheGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssociation,orGHSA,sayspedestriandeathsintheUnitedStatesincreasedby25percentbetween2010and2015.Thattrendcontinuedin2016withthenumberofpedestriandeathsrisingtoalmost6,000,11%higherthanthatin2015.OtherU.S.citiesmayfollowHonolulu.TheStateofWashingtonwasthefirsttooutlawdistracteddrivingbackin2007.Now,46otherstatesaswellasD.C,PuertoRico,GuamandtheU.S.VirginIslands,alsohavelawsagainsttextingwhiledriving.12.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Honoluluwillbandistractedwalking.B.TextingwhilewalkingdrawspublicattentionC.MorecitiesintheU.S.willbantextingwhiledriving.D.ThenumberofpeoplekilledbycarsinHonoluluisincreasing.13.InwhatcasecanpeopleuseelectricdevicesinHonolulustreets?A