2023年考研考博考博英语暨南大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案

2023年考研考博考博英语暨南大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Heseemedreluctanttosendhistroopsinanefforttodiscouragethe（）peasants.问题1选项A.animatedB.rebelliousC.creasedD.impassive2.单选题AluxuryexpresstrainjumpedthetracksonabridgeineasternIndia,killingatleast50onthespot.AccordingtotheNorthenRailwayspokesman,thedeath（）isexpectedtorise.问题1选项A.figureB.tollC.spanD.yield3.不定项选择题TheCommercialRevolutionwasnotconfined,ofcourse,tothegrowthoftradeandbanking.Includedinitalsowerefundamentalchangesinmethodsofproduction.ThesystemofmanufacturedevelopedbythecraftguildsinthelaterMiddleAgeswasrapidlybecomingdefunct.Theguildsthemselves,dominatedbythemastermen,hadgrownselfishandexclusive.Membershipinthemwascommonlyrestrictedtoafewprivilegedfamilies.Besides,theyweresocompletelychokedbytraditionthattheywereunabletomakeadjustmentstochangingconditions.Moreover,newindustrieshadsprungupentirelyoutsidetheguildsystem.Characteristicexampleswereminingandsmeltingandthewoolenindustry.Therapiddevelopmentoftheseenterpriseswasstimulatedbytechnicaladvances,suchastheinventionofthespinningwheelandthediscoveryofawinemethodofmakingbrass,whichaskedabouthalfofthefuelpreviouslyused.Intheminingandsmeltingindustriesaformoforganizationwasadoptedsimilartothatwhichhasprevailedeversince.ButthemosttypicalformofindustrialproductionintheCommercialRevolutionwasthedomesticsystem,developedfirstofallinthewoolenindustry.Thedomesticsystemderivesitsnamefromthefactthattheworkwasdoneinthehomesofindustrialartisansinsteadofintheshopofamastercraftsman.Sincethevariousjobsinthemanufactureofaproductweregivenoutoncontract,thesystemisalsoknownastheputtingoutsystem.Notwithstandingthepettyscaleofproduction,theorganizationwasbasicallycapitalistic.Therawmaterialwaspurchasedbyanentrepreneurandassignedtoindividualworker,eachofwhomwouldcompletehisallottedtaskforastipulatedpayment.Inthecaseofthewoolenindustrytheyarnwouldbegivenoutfirstofalltothespinners,thentotheweavers,fillers,anddyerinsuccession.Whentheclothwasfinallyfinished,itwouldbetakenbytheclothierandsoldintheopenmarketforthehighestpriceitwouldbring.1.Accordingtothearticle,whatchangesdidtheCommercialRevolutionbringabout?2.Theword“defunct”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.3.Accordingtothearticle,inwhichareawasitmoreenergy-effective?4.Theauthorimpliesthat（）.5.Accordingtothearticle,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?问题1选项A.Methodsofproduction.B.Appearanceofcraftguilds.C.Increasedtradevolume.D.Growthoftrade,bankingandmethodsofproduction.问题2选项A.popularB.obsoleteC.potentialD.extensive问题3选项A.SmeltingindustryB.MiningindustryC.BankingD.Weaving问题4选项A.theguildsystemwasmoreefficientB.thedomesticsystemwascapitalisticC.thetechnicaladvancestimulatedtheguildsystemD.thedomesticsystemwasnotasefficientastheguildsystem问题5选项A.Technicaladvancesstimulatedthedevelopmentofenterprises.B.Inthewoolenindustry,weaverswouldpassontheirproductstospinners.C.Thedomesticsystemisalsoknownastheputtingoutsystem.D.Theword“clothier”issynonymousto“entrepreneur”inthiscontext.4.不定项选择题Greatemotionalandintellectualresourcesaredemandedinquarrels;staminahelps,asdoesacapacityforobsession.Butnooneisbornagoodquarreler;thecraftmustbelearned.Therearetwogenerallyrecognizedapprenticeships.First,anduniversallypreferred,isalongchildhoodspentinthecompanyoffractioussiblings.Afterseveralyearsofrainyafternoons,brothersandsistersdevelopasurefeelforthetacticsofattritionandthenicetiesofstrategysonecessaryinfirst-ratequarrelling.Theonlychild,orthechildofpeacefulorrepressedhouseholds,islikelytogrowupfailingtounderstandthatquarrels,unlikearguments,arenotaboutanythingleastofallthepursuitoftruth.Theapparentsubjectofaquarrelisamerepretext;therealbusinessisthequarrelitself.Essentially,adversariesinaquarrelareouttoestablishorrescuetheirdignity.Ifencetheelementaryprinciple:anythingmaybesaid.Theunschooled,probablynolessquarrelsomebyinclinationthananyoneelse,mayspendanhourwithknockingheart,siftingtheconsequencesofroilingthisoldacquaintancealyingfraud.Toolate!Withacheerfulwavetheoldacquaintancehaslefttheroom.Thosewhomisstheirfirstapprenticeshipmaycaretoenrollinthesecond,thebadmarriage.Thiscanbeperilousfortheneophyte;themutualintimacyofspousesmakesthematoncemorevulnerableandmoredangerousinattack.Oncesexisinvolved,thestakesarehigherallround.Andthereisanunspokenrulethatthosewholove,orhaveloved,oneanotheraregrantedalicenseforunlimitedbeastlinesssuchasisdeniedtomereswornenemies.Forallthat,someofourmosttenaciousblackbeltquarrelershavecometoitlateinfifeandmasteredeverythrow,fromtheCrushingSilencetotheGloatingApology,inlessthantenyearsofmarriage.Aquarrelmaylastyears.AmongbroodingtypesKithtimeontheirhands,likewriters,halfalifetimeisnotuncommon.Initsmostrefinedform,aquarrelmayconsistoftheparticipantsnottalkingtoeachother.Theywillneedtoschemelaboriouslytoappearinpublictogethertoregistertheirsilence.Brief,violentquarrelsarealsoknownasrows.Inallcasestheessentialingredientremainsthesame;theoriginalcausemustbeforgottenassoonaspossible.Fromhereon,dignity,pride,self-esteem,honoratethecrucialissues,whichiswhyquarrellinglikejealousy,isanall-consumingbusiness,virtuallyaprofession.Forthequarrelersveryself-hoodisonthefine.Toloseanargumentisabriefdisappointment,muchlikelosingagameoftennis;buttobecrushedinaquarrel...ratherbiteoffyourtongueandspreaditatyouropponents’feet.1.Unschooledquarrelersaresaidtobeatadisadvantagebecause（）.2.Accordingtothewriter,quarrelsbetweenmarriedcouplesmaybe（）.3.Whenquarrellingbothchildrenandmarriedcouplesmay,accordingtothewriter（）.4.Thedifferencebetweenaquarrelandanargumentissaidtobethat（）.5.Inthepassageasawhole,thewritertreatsquarrellingasifitwere（）.问题1选项A.theirinsultsfailtooffendtheiropponentB.theyrevealtheirnervousnesstotheiropponentC.theysufferfromremorseforwhatthey’vesaidD.theyareapprehensiveaboutspeakingtheirminds问题2选项A.physicallyviolentB.extremelybitterC.essentiallytrivialD.sincerelyregretted问题3选项A.beparticularlybrutalB.usepolitenessasaweaponC.employskillfulmaneuversD.exaggeratetheirfeelings问题4选项A.theformerinvolvesindividualegosB.theformerconcernsstrongpointsofviewC.thelatterhaswell-establishedmilesD.thelatterconcernstrivialissues问题5选项A.amilitarycampaignB.asocialskillC.amoralevilD.anaturalgift5.翻译题Direction:TranslatethefollowingEnglishpassageintoChineseonyourANSWERSHEET.TheRenaissanceembraced,firstofall,animpressiverecordofnewachievementsinart,literature,science,philosophy,educationandreligion.Althoughthefoundationofmanyofthesewasclassical,theysoonexpandedbeyondthemeasureofGreekandRomaninfluence.Indeed,manyoftheachievementsinpainting,science,politicsandreligionborelittlerelationtotheclassicalheritage.Secondly,theRenaissanceincorporatedanumberofdominantidealsandattitudesthatgaveittheimpressofauniquesociety.Notableamongtheseingeneralwereoptimism,andindividualism;butthemostsignificantofthemallwashumanism.Initsbroadestmeaninghumanismmaybedefinedasemphasisonthehumanvalues.ItwasatermderivedfromCicero,whouseditinthesenseofdevotiontotheliberalarts,orthesubjectsmostcompatiblewiththedignityofman.

6.不定项选择题Goodsenseisthemostequitablydistributedthingintheworld,foreachmanconsidershimselfsowellprovidedwithitthateventhosewhoaremostdifficulttosatisfyineverythingelsedonotusuallywishtohavemoreofitthantheyhavealready.Itisnotlikelythateveryoneismistakeninthis;itshows,rather,thattheabilitytojudgerightlyandseparatethetruefromthefalse,whichisessentiallywhatiscalledgoodsenseorreason,isbynatureequalinallmen,andthusthatouropinionsdiffernotbecausesomemenarebetterendowedwithreasonthanothers,butonlybecausewedirectourthoughtsalongdifferentpaths,anddonotconsiderthesamethings,foritisnotenoughtohaveagoodmind:whatismostimportantistoapplyitrightly.Thegreatestsoulsarecapableofthegreatestvices;andthosewhowalkveryslowlycanadvancemuchfurther,iftheyalwayskeeptothedirectroad,thanthosewhorunandgoastray.Formypart,Ihaveneverpresumedmymindtobemoreperfectthanaverageinanyway.Ihave,infact,oftenwishedthatmythoughtswereasquick,ormyimaginationaspreciseanddistinct,ormymemoryascapaciousorprompt,asthoseofsomeothermen.AndIknowofnootherqualitiesthanthesewhichmakefortheperfectionofthemind;forastoreason,orgoodsense,inasmuchasitalonemakesusmenanddistinguishesusfromthebeasts,Iamquitewillingtobelievethatitiswholeandentireineachofus,andtofollowinthecommonopinionofthephilosopherswhosaythattherearedifferencesofmoreorlessonlyamongtheaccidents,andnotamongtheforms,ornatures,ortheindividualsofasinglespecies.11.Accordingtotheauthor,thethreeelementsthatcomprisetheperfectmindare（）.A.tenacityofthought,capaciousmemory,quicknessofmindB.preciseimagination,tenacityofmemory,quicknessofmindC.quicknessofwit,easeofconscience,quicknessofthoughtD.promptnessofmemory,distinctnessofimagination,quicknessofthought12.Thebasicideaofthefirstparagraphmaybestatedasfollows:（）.A.allpersonshaveanequalportionofgoodwillwhentheyarebornB.greatsoulsarecapableofgreatevilC.goodsense,intermsofitsdistributionamongpersons,maybecalledcommonsenseD.goodsenseisthemarkofthetrulygoodperson13.Abouthimselftheauthorstatesthatwhatsetshumanbeingsapartfrombeastsis（）.A.hehadalwayssensedhismentalsuperiorityovermostpersonsB.hisawarenessofhismentalsuperiorityoverotherwassomethingthatgrewslowlywithexperienceC.heactuallyregardshisownmentalfacultiesasinferiorinmanywaystothoseofthegreatmajorityofpersonsD.hehasneverhadthefeelingthathismindwasmoreperfectthanaverageinanyway14.Theauthorclaimsthatwhatsetshumanbeingsapartfrombeastsis（）.A.asenseoforganizationcombinedwiththeabilitytocreateB.theabilitytoadapttothesurroundingsC.asenseofreasoncoupledwithastrongsenseofpracticalityD.asenseofreason15.Accordingtotheauthor,theabilitytodistinguishbetweenthetrueandthefalseis（）.A.endowedbynaturetoallcreaturesB.endowedinequalmeasuretoallpersonsC.moreheavilypresentinsomepersonsthaninothersD.anunnatural,cultivatedtraitinallpersons问题1选项A.tenacityofthought,capaciousmemory,quicknessofmindB.preciseimagination,tenacityofmemory,quicknessofmindC.quicknessofwit,easeofconscience,quicknessofthoughtD.promptnessofmemory,distinctnessofimagination,quicknessofthought问题2选项A.allpersonshaveanequalportionofgoodwillwhentheyarebornB.greatsoulsarecapableofgreatevilC.goodsense,intermsofitsdistributionamongpersons,maybecalledcommonsenseD.goodsenseisthemarkofthetrulygoodperson问题3选项A.hehadalwayssensedhismentalsuperiorityovermostpersonsB.hisawarenessofhismentalsuperiorityoverotherwassomethingthatgrewslowlywithexperienceC.heactuallyregardshisownmentalfacultiesasinferiorinmanywaystothoseofthegreatmajorityofpersonsD.hehasneverhadthefeelingthathismindwasmoreperfectthanaverageinanyway问题4选项A.asenseoforganizationcombinedwiththeabilitytocreateB.theabilitytoadapttothesurroundingsC.asenseofreasoncoupledwithastrongsenseofpracticalityD.asenseofreason问题5选项A.endowedbynaturetoallcreaturesB.endowedinequalmeasuretoallpersonsC.moreheavilypresentinsomepersonsthaninothersD.anunnatural,cultivatedtraitinallpersons7.单选题MissRosemaryAdangwentthroughthecompositioncarefullyto（）allerrorsfromit.问题1选项A.eliminateB.terminateC.illuminateD.alleviate8.单选题Afteran（）tourperformance,theactressdecidedtoflytoHawaiitohaveafullrelaxation.问题1选项A.generousB.exhaustingC.favoriteD.numerous9.单选题Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicssomehowencourages（）patriotism.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.aggressiveC.harmoniousD.amiable10.单选题Foryearsthetwinbrothershavebeen（）watches,rings,anddiamondsintheneighboringcountries.问题1选项A.shelteringB.smugglingC.supervisingD.speculating11.单选题

SomescientistshavesuggestedthatEarthisakindof,zooorwildlife（）forintelligentspacebeings,likethewildernessareaswehavesetuponearthtoallowanimalstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.问题1选项A.conservationB.maintenanceC.storageD.reserve12.单选题Moreoftenthannot,readersarejustunderthe（）plotsofsciencefictionsanddetectivestories.问题1选项A.implicitB.intricateC.obedientD.instinctual13.单选题Judgesare（）increasinglyheavyfinesforminordrivingoffences.问题1选项A.requiringB.demandingC.impartingD.imposing14.单选题Duringhistwo-monthstayinChina,Tomnever（）achancetopracticehisChinese.问题1选项A.passedonB.passedupC.passedbyD.passedout15.单选题WhenJackwas28,he（）thesmallbookshopandinfiveyearsdevelopeditintosixchainstores.问题1选项A.tookafterB.tookinC.tookonD.tookover16.单选题Todothisjobwell,youmustbe（）notonlyinEnglish,butalsoincomputerprogramming.问题1选项A.efficientB.effectiveC.proficientD.beneficial17.单选题

Imust（）youonyourhandlingofaverydifficultsituation.问题1选项A.meditateB.complementC.elaborateD.compliment18.单选题RussianwomenhadtowearprotectivemasksastheywalkedinMoscow,whichwas（）byaheavysmogyesterday.问题1选项A.shroudedB.unveiledC.decayedD.deprived19.单选题Ifyouwanttokeepyourjobhere,youwillhavetobe（）oflongworkinghoursandlowsalary.问题1选项A.tolerantB.tolerableC.bearableD.tolerate20.单选题Congressrecognizedthemoremoneyforbettereducationandjobtrainingis（）tocompetitiveness.问题1选项A.adaptableB.applicableC.crucialD.cryst第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。animated“活生生的；活泼的”；rebellious“反抗的；造反的”；creased“有折痕的”；impassive“冷漠的；无感觉的”，根据troops“军队”一词可知此处的peasant“农民”是需要被镇压的，分析四个选项可知此处填rebellious这个形容词符合句意。句意：他好像不愿意派他的军队去镇压……农民。由此得知B选项正确。2.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。figure“数字；人物”；toll“通行费；代价；伤亡人数”；span“跨度；范围”；yield“产量；收益”，此处deathtoll是表示“伤亡人数”的惯用说法。句意：一列运输奢侈品的火车脱轨掉在了印度东部的一座桥梁上，当地至少50人因为这次事件死亡。据北方铁路发言人说，死亡人数预计将上升。故正确答案为选项B。3.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据文章内容，商业革命带来了哪些变化？选项A“生产方式”；选项B“手工业工会的出现”；选项C“贸易量的增加”；选项D“贸易，银行和生产方式的进步”，根据第一段第一句的内容“TheCommercialRevolutionwasnotconfined,ofcourse,tothegrowthoftradeandbanking.Includedinitalsowerefundamentalchangesinmethodsofproduction.当然，商业革命没有限制贸易和银行业的发展。它还带来了生产方式的根本性变化”，所以商业革命的影响包括两方面的内容，选项A和选项B表达的都正确，但是只是一部分的影响，不全面，所以可以排除；选项C错误；故正确答案为选项D。第2题:词义辨析题。第一段中“defunct”这个单词大概的意思是，popular“流行的”；obsolete“废弃的，已经过时的”；potential“潜在的；有潜力的”；extensive“广泛的”，我们可以根据下文来猜测这个单词的含义，根据第一段最后一句话“Theguildsthemselves,dominatedbythemastermen,hadgrownselfishandexclusive.工会本身被精通技术的人主导，变得自私和排他”，这句话是对“defunct”所在句“ThesystemofmanufacturedevelopedbythecraftguildsinthelaterMiddleAgeswasrapidlybecomingdefunct”中世纪晚期，由手工工会发展而来的制造业迅速地变得“defunct”的进一步解释说明，所以由selfish和exclusive可知defunct的意思应该是obsolete，故正确答案为选项B。第3题:推理判断题。根据文章内容，哪个地方的能源利用最高效？选项A“冶炼行业”；选项B“煤矿业”；选项C“银行业”；选项D“纺织业”；根据文章第二段中“suchastheinventionofthespinningwheelandthediscoveryofawinemethodofmakingbrass,whichaskedabouthalfofthefuelpreviouslyused.如转轮的发明和葡萄酒生产铜的方法，它们只需要以前大约一半的燃料使用”，可知由于技术的改进，在冶炼行业能源的使用变得十分的高效,故正确答案为选项A。第4题:细节事实题。作者暗示什么，选项A“工会制度更加高效”；选项B“家庭手工制是资本主义”；选项C“技术进步刺激了工会制度”；选项D“家庭手工制不如工会制度那么有效率”，根据文章第三段中“Notwithstandingthepettyscaleofproduction,theorganizationwasbasicallycapitalistic尽管生产规模小，组织基本上是资本主义”，可知家庭手工制是资本主义，故正确答案为选项B。第5题:细节事实题。根据文章内容，以下哪个陈述是不对的？选项A“技术进步刺激了企业的发展”；选项B“在羊毛工业中，织布工可以把产品传递给纺纱工”；选项C“家庭手工业也称为散工制”；选项D在这篇文章中，“呢绒商”是“企业家”的代名词，根据文章第三段中“Inthecaseofthewoolenindustrytheyarnwouldbegivenoutfirstofalltothespinners,thentotheweavers…羊毛产业的纱线会首先给纺纱工，然后传递给织布工”，可知并非织布工把产品传递给纺纱工，故正确答案为选项B。

4.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】第1题:推理判断题。没上过学的吵架者在吵架中不占优势的原因是，选项A“他们的羞辱不能激怒对手”；选项B“他们在对手面前表现出紧张”；选项C“他们对自己说的话感到悔恨”；选项D“他们害怕表露自己的心声”，根据文章第四段中“Theunschooled,probablynolessquarrelsomebyinclinationthananyoneelse,mayspendanhourwithknockingheart,siftingtheconsequencesofroilingthisoldacquaintancealyingfraud.没怎么受过教育的人，同样也跟其他人一样热衷于吵架，他们会花上很长的时间捶胸顿足，不断回想自己是怎么激怒了老熟人而陷入了他的骗局”，由此可知这些没上过学的人在吵架的时候因为没什么技巧，激怒别人之后就陷入了别人挖的坑里，于是他们不停的回想，不停的后悔自己所说的话，故正确答案为选项C。第2题:推理判断题。根据作者的观点，已婚夫妇之间的争吵也许会……选项A“剧烈的身体攻击”；选项B“极度的尖酸刻薄”；选项C“基本上很琐碎”；选项D“真诚的道歉”，根据文章第六段的首句话“相爱的或者曾经相爱的人之间存在着一种不言而喻的规定，他们允许对方无限制的使用伤人的语言，就像是两个不共戴天的仇人一样。”根据这句话我们可以知道已婚夫妻之间的争吵会非常的尖酸刻薄，表现得像两个不共戴天的仇人一样，故正确答案为选项B。第3题:小孩子和已婚夫妇之间吵架的共同点是什么，选项A“特别的野蛮”；选项B“把礼貌当作一种武器”；选项C“运用非常有技巧的策略”；选项D“夸大感觉”，根据文章中分别对小孩子吵架和夫妻吵架的描写，小孩子“developasurefeelforthetacticsofattritionandthenicetiesofstrategysonecessaryinfirst-ratequarrelling.明确的知道在最高级的吵架中技巧和战略的必要性”，由此可知小孩子的吵架非常注重技巧与战略；文章第六段在提及夫妻吵架之后接着说道“someofourmosttenaciousblackbeltquarrelershavecometoitlateinfife持久的吵架黑带通常在比较晚的时候练成；inlessthantenyearsofmarriage不超过婚后十年的时间”，可知作者想表达的是婚后，夫妻会变得非常擅于吵架，婚后的吵架会使他们练就吵架的技巧，这个从“黑带”一词可以体现出来，所以小孩子和已婚夫妇两者在吵架上的共同点就是非常具有技巧或者策略，故正确答案为选项C。第4题:推理判断题。吵架和争论之间的区别是什么，选项A“前者涉及个人自尊心”；选项B“前者关心强硬的观点”；选项C“后者建立了良好的规则”；选项D“后者涉及细小的问题”；根据文章最后一段中对于吵架的描写“dignity,pride,self-esteem,honorandthecrucialissues,whichiswhyquarrellinglikejealousy,isanall-consumingbusiness,virtuallyaprofession尊严，骄傲，自尊，荣誉和其他关键问题是消耗所有精力的堪称专业的工作，它们解释了为什么说吵架就和妒忌一样”，这说明吵架是涉及个人的自尊心的，而对于争论的描写“Toloseanargumentisabriefdisappointment,muchlikelosingagameoftennis输掉一场争论只是片刻的失望，就像输掉一场网球比赛一样”，由此可知争论不会涉及个人的自尊心，简单的只是一种专业知识或者其他个人能力的较量，所以吵架和争论最大的区别就是吵架是涉及个人自尊心的，故正确答案为选项A。第5题:推理判断题。纵观全文，作者描写吵架就像描写……选项A“一场军事行动”；选项B“一门社会技术”；选项C“一种不好的品德”；选项D“一种自然天赋”，作者在描写吵架的时候多处强调了吵架的技巧与战略，以及吵架技巧的两个养成阶段，仿佛吵架就像一门技术一样，需要我们练习与学习；作者还举了在社交场合吵架的例子，有技巧的人会赢，没有技巧的会输，强调了吵架这门技术的社会性，所以作者是在像描写一种社会技术一样的在描写吵架这门学问，故正确答案为选项B。

5.【答案】首先，文艺复兴包含了文学、艺术、科学、哲学、教育和宗教方面令人印象深刻的新的成就。尽管这些文化形式的基础都来自古典主义，但它们很快繁荣起来，并摆脱了希腊、罗马的影响。事实上，绘画、科学、政治和宗教上的很多成就与古典文化遗产都没有什么关系。其次，文艺复兴包含了许多鲜明的观点和态度，使其所处的社会呈现出独特的风貌，大体上这些中值得注意的是乐观主义和个人主义，但所有这些中最重要的还是人文主义。在最宽泛的意义上，人文主义可以被定义为对人的价值的强调。这个词出自西赛罗，他曾用该词来表达对自由艺术的投入或与人类尊严最一致的主题。6.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第二段开头可知，“我”从未认为自己的理智比一般人更完美，由此可推断接下来作者将介绍完美理智的特点。由Ihave,infact,oftenwishedthatmythoughtswereasquick,ormyimaginationaspreciseanddistinct,ormymemoryascapaciousorprompt,asthoseofsomeothermen（事实上，我常常希望我的思想能像别人那样敏捷，我的想象力能像别人那样精确而清晰，我的记忆力能像别人那样丰富而迅速）可以推断，作者认为完美的理智需要的是敏捷的思维、精确清晰的想象力和快速的记忆力，因此D选项符合题意。第2题:主旨大意题。第一段介绍了人们的理智是bynatureequalinallmen（天生就是平等的），之所以意见不一致，是因为思维方向不同，因此A选项“人生来就有着同样的善意”符合题意。第3题:事实细节题。由文章第二段第一句Formypart,Ihaveneverpresumedmymindtobemoreperfectthanaverageinanyway（就我而言，我从来没有认为我的头脑比一般人更完美）可知D选项“他从未觉得自己的头脑比一般人更完美”符合题意。第4题:事实细节题。由第二段第三句中的forastoreason,orgoodsense,inasmuchasitalonemakesusmenanddistinguishesusfromthebeasts（因为只有理智才能使我们成为人，才能使我们区别于野兽）可知D选项“理智”正确。

第5题:事实细节题。由文章第一段第二句中的theabilitytojudgerightlyandseparatethetruefromthefalse,whichisessentiallywhatiscalledgoodsenseorreason,isbynatureequalinallmen（人们辨别是非的能力，就其本质而言即理性，天生就是平等的）可知B选项“被平等地赋予所有人”正确。

7.【答案】A【解析】同形词辨析题。eliminate“排除；消除”；terminate“结束；终结”；illuminate“照亮”；alleviate“减轻；缓和”，“仔细地浏览作文”的目的是“排除错误”，符合逻辑，所以此处应该使用动词eliminate，故正确答案为选项A。句意为：罗斯玛丽亚当小姐仔细地浏览作文，以排除所有错误。8.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项generous“慷慨的，大方的”；B选项exhausting“使人筋疲力尽的”；C选项favorite“最受喜爱的”；D选项numerous“许多的”。句意：在一场使人筋疲力尽的巡回演唱会之后，这位女演员决定飞往夏威夷度假放松。根据句意女演员决定飞往夏威夷度假放松可知前面的演唱会让人筋疲力尽所以才想要放松。因此B选项正确。9.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。obsolete“陈旧的，过时的”；aggressive“侵略性的；好斗的；激进的”；harmonious“和谐的”；amiable“亲切的；友好的”，此处应该选择一个形容词来修饰“爱国主义”，这种爱国主义与国际体育中倡导的国家之间的友谊是相对的，故此处最恰当的形容词是aggressive。句意：国际体育应该增进两国之间的友谊，但是目前的奥林匹克组织在某种程度上倡导……爱国主义。故正确答案为选项B。10.【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项sheltering“保护，掩蔽”；B选项smuggling“走私”；C选项supervising“监督，管理，指导”；D选项speculating“投机，猜测”。句意：多年来，这对孪生兄弟一直在邻国走私手表、戒指和钻石。空格后提到的watches,rings,anddiamonds手表、戒指和钻石以及毒品等是走私的一般物品，还涉及了neighboringcountries邻国，B选项smuggling“走私”最恰当。因此B选项符合题意。11.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。conservation“保存；保护”；maintenance“维护；维修”；storage“存储；仓库”；reserve“存储；自然保护区”，根据句子结构可知此处的名词与wildlife一起同zoo构成并列成分，根据后句中的allowanimalstodevelopnaturally“允许动物自然生长”，可知此处应该选择名词reserve,wildlifereserve是“野生动物保护区”的意思。句意：一些科学家表示地球就像宇宙智能生物的动物园或者野生动物……，正如我们在地球上设立荒野地带，允许在我们的观察下让动物自然生长。故正确答案为选项D。12.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项implicit“含蓄的，暗示的”；B选项intricate“错综复杂的”；C选项obedient“顺从的，服从的”；D选项instinctual“本能的”。句意：通常情况下，读者只是置身在科幻小说和侦探小说（错综复杂）的情节之下。此处填入空格的形容词是用来修饰plots（情节）。结合句意“错综复杂的”修饰情节意思正确。因此B选项符合句意。13.【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。demanding“需要；要求”；imparting“给予；传授”；imposing“强加；征税；处以……”，根据drivingoffences“交通违法行为”，和fines“罚金”，可知此处应该使用动词imposing，故正确答案为选项D。句意为：交警对于轻微的交通违法行为处以越来越重的罚款。14.【答案】B【解析】考查词组词义辨析。passedon“传递；去世”；passedup“拒绝；向上递”；passedby“经过”；passedout“晕倒；分发”，根据句意可知此处表达的是他抓住了任何一个可以练习中文的机会，此处只有选择passedup，取其“拒绝”的意思才能使整个句子表达通畅。句意：在他在中国待的两个月时间里，他从未……任何一个练习中文的机会。故正确答案为选项B。15.【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语。A选项tookafter“相像，效仿”；B选项tookin“吸收，领会，欺骗”；C选项tookon“承担，呈现，具有”；D选项tookover“接管，借用”。句意：当杰克28岁时，他接管了这个小书店，在五年内发展成了六个连锁店。根据空格后提到的thesmallbookshop，与之可以相对应搭配的短语只有D选项tookover，意为接管了商店。因此D选项符合题意。16.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项efficient“有效率的”；B选项“有效的，起作用的”；C选项“熟练的，精通的”；D选项“有益的”。句意：为做好这项工作，你不但要在英语上而且在计算机编程方面都……。综合句意和语义，此处填proficient“熟练的，精通的”。因此C选项符合题意。17.【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词辨析题。meditate“考虑，计划”；complement“补足；补充”；elaborate“详尽阐述”；compliment“称赞”，根据“在非常困难情况下做出的处理”这是一件值得表扬与称赞的事，此处使用compliment符合语义逻辑，故正确答案为选项D。句意为：我不得不为你在非常困难情况下做出的处理而称赞你。18.【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。shrouded“遮蔽”；unveiled“除去面纱”；decayed“衰退；腐败”；deprived“剥夺；丧失”，根据句子结构可知which引导了一个定语从句，此处which指代的是“Moscow莫斯科”，根据主句的意思可知此处想表达的是莫斯科被大雾笼罩。句意：俄罗斯的女性昨天在……的莫斯科街头行走的时候不得不戴着厚厚的保护面罩。故正确答案为选项A。19.【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项tolerant“忍受的，有忍耐力的”；B选项tolerable“可容忍的，容许的”；C选项bearable“承受得住的”；D选项tolerate是动词“忍受”。句意：如果你想保住你在这里的工作，你就得忍受长时间工作，拿低工资。根据空格有一个be动词，可知空格处应填形容词，排除D，根据句意理解，本句表达的是忍受，而不是可容性或承受力，所以A选项符合句意。因此A选项正确。20.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项adaptable“适合的，可修改的”；B选项applicable“可应用的，合适的”；C选项crucial“重要的”；D选项cryst“结晶的”。句意：国会意识到，为改善教育和职业培训提供更多资金对提高竞争力至关重要。本句表示“提供资金给教育和职业培训对竞争力的作用”，经济基础决定上层建筑，一般都有很重要的作用，C选项crucial“重要的”符合句意。因此C选项正确。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Mr.Hopkins,wholostaleginacaraccident,hadnowbeenfittedwitha(n)（）limb.问题1选项A.substituteB.attachmentC.artificialD.extra2.写作题Directions:TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology.Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;useLiMinginstead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.3.单选题Asthepainteris（）topollens,heregretsalotforlosingthechanceofdrawingthebeautyofspringinthefields.问题1选项A.nostalgicB.insolentC.acuteD.allergic4.单选题

Thehousesinthisareawereallreactedin（）ofhousingregulations.问题1选项A.complianceB.defianceC.allianceD.obedience5.单选题

Hewas（）whenheheardtheunexpectednews,butIfinallyconvincedhim.问题1选项A.incredibleB.inevitableC.incredulousD.indifferent6.单选题It’suptoyouwhethertobuythatvillaornotbutmyadviceis,beforeyourdecision,youmusthaveit（）.问题1选项A.overlookedB.observedC.scannedD.surveyed7.单选题Chineseproductsenjoyhighinternationalprestigebecauseoftheir（）quality.问题1选项A.indistinctiveB.indisputableC.indispensableD.indistinguishable8.单选题Theemphasisonexaminationsisbyfarthe（）worstformofcompetitioninschools.问题1选项A.negligentB.edibleC.fabulousD.disproportionate9.单选题

Ithinkwecan（）withtheusualformalitiessinceweallknoweachotheralready.问题1选项A.disposeB.dispatchC.dispenseD.discharge10.单选题Hejoinedacomputerdatingscheme（）butsofarithasn’tasuitablepatter.问题1选项A.comebyB.comeacrossC.comeupwithD.comeroundto11.单选题Thesecretarywasharshly（）byherbossformisplacingsomeimportantfiles.问题1选项A.rebukedB.teasedC.washedD.accused12.单选题Thejetairlinerhas（）fromtheWrightbrothers,smallairplane.问题1选项A.involvedB.evolvedC.devolvedD.revolved13.单选题Thepolicedecidedto（）thedepartmentstoreaftertheyhadreceivedabombwarning.问题1选项A.evictB.expelC.abandonD.evacuate14.单选题Onmanyoccasions,wetendtointerprettheactionsofchildren（）ourownexperienceasanadult.问题1选项A.forthesakeofB.onbehalfofC.intermsofD.inaccordancewith15.单选题Onecanunderstandothersmuchbetterbynotingtheimmediateandfleetingreactionsoftheireyesand（）toexpressedthoughts.问题1选项A.dilemmasB.countenancesC.concessionsD.junctions16.单选题Thedevelopmentofhigh-technologiesatanunprecedentedspeedhasrenderedlotsofconventionalofficejobs（）.问题1选项A.suicidalB.obsoleteC.availableD.profitable17.单选题Whenapersondies,hisdebtsmustbepaidbeforehis（）canbedistributed.问题1选项A.paradoxesB.legaciesC.platitudesD.analogies18.单选题Marriageinhasteusuallyleadsto（）atleisure.问题1选项A.resentmentB.reluctanceC.repentanceD.fantasy19.单选题Therehasbeensomuchmedia（）ofthecomingelectionthatpeoplehavegotboredwithit.问题1选项A.circulationB.concernC.broadcastingD.coverage20.单选题Janebuysallthefashionmagazines,andshealwaystriestodressin（）withthelateststyle.问题1选项A.confirmationB.conformityC.variationD.proposal第2卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】C【解析】考查语义和形容词名词辨析。A选项substitute“替代品”；B选项attachment“附件”；C选项artificial“人造的”；D选项extra“额外的”。句意：霍普金斯先生在一次车祸中失去了一条腿，现在已经装上了假肢。本句表示装上假肢的表达是artificiallimb，C选项artificial“人造的”符合句意。因此C选项正确。2.【答案】【参考范文】DearMr.Wang,IamsorrytotellyouthatIdecidedtoquitmyworkasaneditorinyourcompanyafterseriousconsideration.IamapologizingfortheinconveniencewhichIwouldbringtoyou.Duringtwomonths’workinginyourcompany,Ihavelearnedalotabouthowtoworkinaworld-famouscompany.However,IgraduallyfindoutthatIamnotverysuitableforthisjob.IthinkIshouldlookforanoccupationwhichcouldmakethemostuseofmytalentandability.Thankyouagainforgivingmethisoppo