2023年考研考博考博英语浙江大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案

2023年考研考博考博英语浙江大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Television一thatmostpervasive(遍布的)andpersuasiveofmoderntechnologies,markedbyrapidchangeandgrowth—ismovingintoanewera,aneraofextraordinarysophisticationandversatility,whichpromisestoreshapeourlivesandourworld.Itisanelectronicrevolutionofsorts,madepossiblebythemarriageoftelevisionandcomputertechnologies.Theword“television”,derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(vision:sight)roots,canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicsimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireoracable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicssystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhumanbeings.Thefieldoftelevisioncanbedividedintotwocategoriesdeterminedbyitsmeansoftransmission.First,thereisbroadcasttelevision,whichreachedthemassesthroughbroad-basedairwavetransmissionoftelevisionsignals.Second,thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidedfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques.Traditionally,televisionhasbeenamediumofthemasses.Wearemostfamiliarwithbroadcasttelevisionbecauseithasbeenwithusforthirty-sevenyearsinaformsimilartowhatexiststoday.Duringthoseyears,ithasbeencontrolled,forthemostpart,bythebroadcastnetworks,ABC,NBC,andCBS,whohavebeenthemajorpurveyors(传播者)ofthenews,informationandentertainment.Thesegiantsofbroadcastinghavenotonlyshapedtelevisionbutourperception(感觉)aswell.Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.1.Withwhichtopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?2.Theword“put”（2ndsentenceof2ndPara.）couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasafunctionofelectronicsintelevisiontransmissions?4.Whatfieldoftelevisionisintendedforspecificgroups?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweentelevisionanditsviewerscanbestbeinferredfromthepassage?问题1选项A.Recentchangesinmodemtechnology.B.Themarriageofbroadcastinggiants.C.Theroleoftelevisionintoday’ssociety.D.Thecontentofbroadcasttelevisionprograms.问题2选项A.expressedB.askedC.placedD.inserted问题3选项A.Theconversionofimageintoelectronicsimpulses.B.Thesendingofimpulsesthroughawirecable.C.Thechangingofoneimageintoanotherimage.D.Thefeedingofimpulsesintoareceiver.问题4选项A.Broad-based.B.Reconstituted.C.Traditional.D.Non-broadcast.问题5选项A.Viewersdonottakeanactiveroleinwatchingtelevision.B.Viewerswouldpreferincreasednewscoverage.C.Viewersliketousetelevisiontoreachotherhumanbeings.D.Viewersaregrowntiredoftelevision.2.单选题This（）wasconductedtofindouthowmanypeoplepreferrice.问题1选项A.examinationB.surveyC.inspectionD.test3.单选题Asaresult,theyhadto（）answeringtheirletterbythreedays.问题1选项A.decideB.refrainC.surpassD.delay4.单选题TheAdultVocationalCollegeisanopportunitytogaintherightqualificationsforvariouscareers,foritoffersan（）rangeofsubjectsandcourses.问题1选项A.additionalB.excessiveC.adequateD.extensive5.单选题Forthereasons,thenewspaperishaving（）problemsinthenorthofthecountry.问题1选项A.distributionB.regulationC.recognitionD.destruction6.单选题Whydoesavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept（）?问题1选项A.ingredientsB.elementsC.componentsD.compounds7.翻译题五年前，如果一个中国大学生打算入伍当兵的话，那可是需要很多勇气的。可今天，越来越多的大学生选择入伍当兵，这可要归功于部队对高级人才的要求，以及鼓励大学生入伍当兵的新政策。24岁的小周是金融专业的毕业生，也是一个将目光转向部队以求发展的年轻人。这个月初，他刚刚通过了征召入伍的体检。“我希望通过部队的严格训练强身健体，锻炼心志。我不担心入伍后我的事业发展，相反，我倒认为入伍参军本身就对事业发展很有好处。”随着现代战争和军事计划越来越需要复杂的技术和操纵能力，现代化部队急需受过良好教育的人才来完全掌握复杂的装备。据北京征兵办公室消息，和2001年北京首次征召大学生入伍相比，大学生入伍比率从0.1%提升到60%。学士以上的学位有助申请入伍的成功率，如果你具有某些特别领域的知识，就更有优势。譬如，各国之间军事交流中需要语言能力，语言专业的人就很有优势，电子通讯或电子学是未来军事竞争的关键领域，对这类人才的需求也很高。为了吸引更多的高素质人才入伍，有关大学毕业生征召的宣传和奖励计划一直在进行。事实上，这种入伍的经历很有意义，可以开阔视野，也可以让你有更多时间思考自己未来的事业，以及是否愿意投身部队。8.单选题Tattoosdidn’tspringupwiththedawnofbikergangsandrock“n”rollbands.They’vebeenaroundforalongtimeandhadmanydifferentmeaningsoverthecourseofhistory.Foryears,scientistsbelievedthatEgyptiansandNubianswerethefirstpeopletotattootheirbodies.Then,in1991,amummywasdiscovered,datingbacktotheBronzeAgeofabout3,300B.C.“TheIceman”,asthespecimenwasdubbed,hadseveralmarkingsonhisbody,includingacrossontheinsideofhiskneeandlinesonhisankleandback.Itisbelievedthesetattoosweremadeinacurativeeffort.Beingsoadvance,theEgyptiansreportedlyspreadthepracticeoftattooingthroughouttheworld.Thepyramid-buildingthirdandfourthdynastiesofEgyptdevelopedinternationalnationswithCreteGreece,PersiaandArabia.ThearttattooingstretchedoutallthewaytoSoutheastAsiaby2,000B.C.Aroundthesametime,theJapanesebecameinterestedintheartbutonlyforitsdecorativeattributes,asopposedtomagicalones.TheJapanesetattooartistsweretheundisputedmasters.Theiruseofcolors,perspective,andimaginativedesignsgavethepracticeawholenewangle.DuringthefirstmillenniumA.D.,JapanadoptedChinesecultureinmanyaspectsandconfinedtattooingtobrandingwrongdoers.IntheBalkans,theThracianshadadifferentuseforthecraft.Aristocrats,accordingtoHerodotus,usedittoshowtheworldtheirsocialstatus.AlthoughearlyEuropeansdabbledwithtattooing,theytrulyrediscoveredtheartfromwhentheworldexplorationofthepost-Renaissancemadethemseekoutnewcultures.ItwastheirmeetingwithPolynesianthatintroducedthemtotattooing.Theword,infactisderivedfromthePolynesianwordtattau,whichmeans“tomark”.Mostoftheearlyusesoftattooswereornamental.However,anumberofcivilizationshadpracticalapplicationsforthiscraft.TheGoths,atribeofGermanicbarbariansfamousforpillagingRomansettlements,usedtattoostomarktheirslaves.Romansdidthesamewithslavesandcriminals.InTahiti,tattooswereariteofpassageandtoldthehistoryoftheperson’slife.Reachingadulthood,boysgotonetattootocommemoratetheevent.Menweremarkedwithanotherstylewhentheygotmarried.Later,tattoosbecamethesouvenirofchoiceforglobetrottingsailors.Whenevertheywouldreachanexoticlocale,theywouldgetanewtattootomarktheoccasion.Adragonwasafamousstylethatmeantthesailorhadreacheda“Chinastation”.Atfirst,sailorswouldspendtheirfreetimeontheshiptattooingthemselvesandtheirmates.Soonafter,tattooparlorsweresetupinthearea,surroundingportsworldwide.Inthemiddleofthe19thcentury,policeofficialsbelievedthathalfofthecriminalunderworldinNewYorkCityhadtattoos.Portareaswererenownedforbeingroughplacesfullofsailorsthatwereguiltyofsomecrimeoranother.Thisismostlikelyhowtattoosgotsuchabadreputationandbecameassociatedwithrebelsanddelinquents.1.Accordingtothepassage,tattooswereadoptedforallofthefollowingpurposesEXCEPT（）.2.Tattoowasbelievedtobecreated（）.3.InJapan,tattooswereacceptedas（）.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?5.WhydidtattoosbecomeassociatedwithrebelsanddelinquentsinNewYork?问题1选项A.totreatthediseaseB.tochallengesocialmoresC.torecordthefootprintsofone'slifeD.toadornoneself问题2选项A.togetherwithbikergangsandrock"n"rollbandsB.in1991whenamummywasdiscoveredC.firstlyinSoutheastAsiaby2,000B.C.D.byEgyptiansandNubians问题3选项A.ameansofornamentB.asymbolofmagicalpowerC.awayofcommunicationD.asignofsuccess问题4选项A.BothChinaandJapanconfinedtattooingtomarkingcriminals.B.Romansusedtattoosfordecoration.C.Sailorstooktattoosasthegiftfortheirfriendsandrelatives.D.Tattooparlorswereusuallyfoundindowntownareas.问题5选项A.Becauseinthemiddleofthe19thcentury,criminalswereusuallytattooedbythegovernment.B.Becausesailorshadtattoosandsomeofthesailorswereguiltyofsomecrimeoranother.C.Becausetattooswerethemarksforthemembersofcertainorganizations.D.BecausePortauthoritiesrequiredthesailorstoweartattoos.9.单选题Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen（）,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.问题1选项A.instantaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.spontaneouslyD.unanimously10.单选题Itisdisturbingtonotehowmanycrimeswedoknowaboutweredetected（）,notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.问题1选项A.byaccidentB.onscheduleC.ingeneralD.atintervals11.单选题Computershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.Decadesago,whenthetechnologyconsistedsolelyofmassive,number-crunchingmainframecomputers,thechiefliberalartsapplicationswereincompilingstatisticalindexesofworksofliterature.Mainframecomputershelpedgreatlyinthehighlylaborioustask,whichdatesbacktotheRenaissance,ofcatalogingeachreferenceofaparticularwordinaparticularwork.Concordanceshelpscholarsscrutinizeimportanttextsforpatternsandmeaning.Otherhumanitiesapplicationsforcomputersinthisearlyeraoftechnologyincludedcompilingdictionaries,especiallyforforeignorantiquatedlanguages,andcataloginglibrarycollections.Suchtypesofcomputerusageinthehumanitiesmayseemlimitedatfirst,buttheyhaveproducedsomeinterestingresultsinthelastfewyearsandpromisetocontinuetodoso.Ascomputeruseandaccesshavegrown,sohasthenumberofdigitizedtextsofclassicliteraryworks.Thecomputer-basedstudyofliterarytextshasestablisheditsownnicheinacademia.DonaldFoster,anEnglishprofessoratVassarCollegeinPoughkeepsie,NewYork,isoneoftheleadersintextualscholarship.Inthelate1980sFostercreatedSHAXICON,adatabasethattracksallthe“rare”wordsusedbyEnglishplaywrightWilliamShakespeare.EachofthesewordsappearsinanyindividualShakespeareplaynomorethan12times.Thewordscanthenbecross-referencedwithsome2,000otherpoetictexts,allowingexperiencedresearcherstoexplorewhentheywerewritten,whowrotethem,howtheauthorwasinfluencedbytheworksofotherwriters,andhowthetextschangedustheywerereproducedoverthecenturies.Inlate1995Foster’sworkattractedwidespreadnoticewhenheclaimedthatShakespearewastheanonymousauthorofanobscure578-linepoem,AFuneralElegy(1612).Althoughexpertshadmadesimilarclaimsforotherworksinthepast,Fostergainedthebackingofanumberofprominentscholarsbecauseofhiscomputer-baseapproach.IfFoster’sclaimholdsuptolong-termjudgment,thepoemwillbeoneofthefewadditionstotheShakespeareancanoninthelast100years.Foster’sworkgainedfurtherpublicacclaimandvalidationwhenhewasaskedtohelpidentifytheanonymousauthorofthebest-sellingpoliticalnovelPrimaryColors(1996).Afterusinghiscomputerprogramtocomparethestylistictraitsofvariouswriterswiththoseinthenovel,FostertabbedjournalistJoeKleinastheauthor.Soonafter,Kleinadmittedthathewastheauthor.FosterwasalsoemployedasanexpertinthecaseofthenotoriousUnabomber,aterroristwhopublishedananonymousmanifestoinseveralmajornewspapersin1995.1.Thispaperwillmainlydiscuss（）.2.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?3.Fosteridentifiedtheauthorofananonymousmanifestoby（）.4.Whichofthefollowingcanmostprobablybeinferredfromthepassage?5.By"accesshavegrown"inparagraph3,theauthorprobablymeansthat（）.问题1选项A.advantageofcomputerusageinthestudyofhumanitiesB.theapplicationofcomputerstocompilingstatisticindexesofliteraryworksC.theapplicationofcomputerstocompilingdictionaries.D.contributionsofcomputer-basedstudyofliterarytexts问题2选项A.AFuneralElegywasanauthenticworkfromShakespeare.B.ComputerutilizationmadeForster'sclaimmoreconvincing.C.Inthelast100years,additionalworksofShakespearehavebeenacceptedasauthentic.D.Therearestillmanyworkswhoseauthorsareunknown.问题3选项A.studyingthewritingcharacteristicofthesuspectsB.cross-referringthemanifestowithotherterroristsC.gainthesupportofwell-knownscholarsD.applyingcomputerstothestudyofitsstyles问题4选项A.Inthepast,mainframecomputerswereusedtohandlenumbers.B.Computersusageinliberalartisnarrow.C.Humanitiesapplicationsforcomputersmightproduceunexpectedresults.D.Computersarebestindealingwithforeignorantiquatedlanguages.问题5选项A.morepeopleareabletologontoacomputersystem.B.meansofapproachingacomputerssystemareexpanded.C.technologyofcomputershavebeenupgraded.D.areawherecomputerscanbeappliedhaveincreased12.单选题FirefighterswerenotattackingthemajorfiresinVirginiadirectlybutwereputtingouthotspotsthatcouldprovedangerousifwinds().问题1选项A.pickedupB.pickedoutC.pickedthroughD.pickedin13.单选题Itwasdifficulttobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswehadhoped.问题1选项A.cameoffB.wentoffC.broughtoutD.madeout14.单选题Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforher（）attitudetowardcustomers.问题1选项A.straightforwardB.partialC.favorableD.hostile15.单选题Thelocalpeoplewerejoyfullysurprisedtofindthepricesofvegetablesnolonger（）accordingtotheweather.问题1选项A.evaluatedB.convertedC.fluctuatedD.modified16.单选题Thechairmanmadea(n)（）statementbeforebeginningthemainbusinessofthemeeting.问题1选项A.intensiveB.intermediateC.preliminaryD.operational17.翻译题1999年，中国开始进入老龄化社会。2004年年底,60岁以上的人口达到1.43亿，占全国人口总数的10.97%。至此，中国成为世界上拥有最多老龄人口的国家。有专家说1990年到2033年是中国的“人口红利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降，老龄人口还不算太多，这一时期是有助于经济发展的。2010年到2013年中国劳动力人口将达到9亿人，在这之后“红利”会变成“赤字”，也就是说，这以后需要照顾的老龄人口会迅速增加。据说2030年后的二十年是中国老龄化最严峻的时期。因此，要做好充分准备，好好利用人口红利期来解决严重的老龄化问题。有报告称，中国是典型的成为富裕国家前就面临老龄化社会的国家。这是长期的问题，也需要很长时间才能解决。中国一直坚持计划生育政策，人口增长的趋势得到了有效的控制。据估计，中国到2030年的总人口将达到14.65亿，届时会面临老龄化和人口出生率下降两大压力，这也一定会给国家的经济和社会发展带来巨大的压力。这份报告还指出，中国在解决老龄化问题的意识、条件及法规上都严重滞后，因此，必须把这个问题的解决纳人到未来国家发展策略中。我们要及早关注老龄化人口的医疗资源，完善社会保障体系。在老龄人口达到顶峰前，建立一个健全的国家性社会保障机制。18.单选题Becauseofvariousburdens,the1980sinEcuadorbecameadecadeof().Itwasmadeworsebybadfloodsin1983,thecollapseofworldoilpricesin1985and1986,andadevastatingearthquakein1987.问题1选项A.collapseB.stagnationC.stopD.reduction19.单选题Asskiesfillwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalmiracleappearstodependonaseeming（）:Thefatterthebird,themoreefficientlyitflies.问题1选项A.interruptionB.descriptionC.qualificationD.contradiction20.单选题Mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilitymaynotseemonthesurfacetobeconnected,butpeoplewhohaveresearchedthesubject—andstudiedthebrain—saythattheyare.ResearchformybookLate-TalkingChildrendrovehomethepointtome.Threequartersofthebrightbutspeech-delayedchildreninthegroupIstudiedhadacloserelativewhowasanengineer,mathematicianorscientistandfourfifthshadacloserelativewhoplayedamusicalinstrument.Thechildrenthemselvesusuallytookreadilytomathandotheranalyticalsubjects—andtomusic.Black,whiteandAsianchildreninthisgroupshowthesamepatterns.However,lookingatthelargeworldaroundus,itisclearthatblackshavebeengreatlyover-representedinthedevelopmentofAmericanpopularmusicandgreatlyunderrepresentedinsuchfieldsasmathematics,scienceandengineering.Iftheabilitiesrequiredinanalyticalfieldsandinmusicaresocloselyrelated,howcantherebethisgreatdisparity?Onereasonisthatthedevelopmentofmathematicalandothersuchabilitiesrequiresyearsofformalschooling,whilecertainmusicaltalentscanbedevelopedwithlittleornoformaltraining,ashashappenedwithanumberofwell-knownblackmusicians.Itispreciselyinthosekindsofmusicwhereonecanacquiregreatskillwithoutformaltrainingthatblackshaveexcelled-popularmusicratherthanclassicalmusic,pianoratherthanviolin,bluesratherthanopera.Thisisreadilyunderstandable,giventhatmostblacks,formostofAmericanhistory,havenothadeitherthemoneyortheleisureforlongyearsofformalstudyinmusic.BlackshavenotmerelyheldtheirowninAmericanpopularmusic.Theyhaveplayedadisproportionatelylargeroleinthedevelopmentofjazz,bothtraditionalandmodern.Alongstringofnamescomestomind—DukeEllington,ScouJoplin,W.C.Handy,LouisArmstrong,CharlieParker...andonandon.Noneofthispresupposesanyspecialinnateabilityofblacksinmusic.Onthecontrary,itisperfectlyconsistentwithblacks,havingnomoresuchinbornabilitythananyoneelse,butbeinglimitedtobeingabletoexpresssuchabilityinnarrowerchannelsthanotherswhohavehadthemoney,thetieandtheformaleducationtospreadoutoverawiderrangeofmusic,aswellasintomathematics,scienceandengineering.ThereisnowayofknowingwhetherDukeEllingtonwouldhavebecomeamathematicianorscientistunderothercircumstances.Whatiscleareristhatmostblackshavenothadsuchalternativesavailableuntilveryrecently,ashistoryismeasured.Moreover,nowthatculturaltraditionshavebeenestablished,eventhoseblackswhohavesuchalternativesavailabletoday,andwhohavetheinbornabilitiestopursuethem,mayneverthelesscontinueforsometimetofollowwell-wornpaths.1.Theauthor’sresearchforhisbookLate-TalkingChildrenshowedhimthat（）.2.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.3.ItisknownfromthepassagethatDukeEllington（）.4.Theauthorholdsthat（）.5.Inthispassage,theauthortriestosaythat（）.问题1选项A.mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityarecloselyrelatedB.brightbutspeech-delayedchildrenfavoranalyticalsubjectsC.onthesurface,mathematicalabilityandmusicalabilityarenotconnectedD.childrenofdifferentracesdifferslightlyintheirmathematicalandmusicalabilities问题2选项A.thedevelopmentofallmusictalentsneedslittleornoformaltrainingB.abilities,suchasmathematicalability,sometimescannotbedevelopedwithformaleducationC.blacksareunderrepresentedinmathematicsbecausetheyhavenochancestoreceiveformaleducationD.blacksusuallyprefermusictomathematics,scienceandengineering问题3选项A.onlylovespopularmusicB.hasmadeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofjazzC.isanobscuremusicianD.neverexcelsinjazzmusic问题4选项A.blacksdemonstratebetterinbornmusicalabilitiesthanothersB.blacksaredistinguishedinallkindsofmusicC.blacksnowcontinuetodomusicbecauseoftheirculturaltraditionsD.blacksstillhavenochancestobecomemathematiciansorscientiststoday问题5选项A.musicalabilityhasnoconnectionwithmathematicalabilityB.one’sabilityhasnoconnectionwithmathematicalabilityC.blacksaresoprejudicedthattheyseldomacceptnewthingsD.blacksaremoresuccessfulinmusicthaninsciencebecauseofvariousreasons第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.主旨题。文章第一段讲到电视将改变我们的生活和我们的世界，接下来讲述了电视在当今社会所扮演的角色。所以选项C最能概括全文。2.语义题。根据前后文可知，verysimplyput可以理解为“简单地说”，这里的put意为“表达”，所以本题选A。3.细节判断题。根据第二段的第二句“televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicsimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireoracable.”可知选项A和B正确；根据第二段的最后一句“Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.”可知选项D正确，而选项C错误。原文指转换成相同的图像，而不是把一种图像转换成另一种图像。所以本题选C。4.细节事实题。根据第四段的最后一句“thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidedfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroups”可知选项D正确。5.细节推断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.”我们的娱乐来源于显像管，在这个静态的媒体面前扮演着被动的观看者的角色。选项A换了一种方式表达，也是符合原文的。2.【答案】B【解析】近义词辨析。examination考试；survey调查；inspection检查；test试验。句意：这项调查是为了看看有多少人更喜欢米饭。选项B符合语境。3.【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。选项中只有delay后面可以接动名词。句意：他们不得不推迟三天回信。所以本题选D。4.【答案】D【解析】additional附加的，额外的；excessive过度的，过分的；adequate充足的，适当的；extensive广阔的，广泛的，宽广的。句意：成人职业学院是一个获得各种职业资格的机会，因为它提供广泛的科目和课程。根据后面的range可知，选项D符合句意。5.【答案】A【解析】形近词辨析。distribution分布,分配；regulation管理,规则；recognition识别,承认；destruction破坏。句意：由于这些原因，这份报纸在这个国家的北部遇到了发行问题。选项A符合句意。6.【答案】A【解析】近义词辨析。ingredients材料，成分；elements基础，原理，元素；components（机器的）组件,部件；compounds（化学类的）合成物。句意：为什么素食餐厅的菜肴除了配料外其他各方面都像肉？选项A符合句意。7.【答案】IfaChinesecollegestudentintendedtoenlistasasoldierinthearmy,ittookalotofcouragefiveyearsago.Buttoday,moreandmorecollegestudentschoosetobecomeanarmysoldierduetotheneedsofthearmiesforseniortalents,aswellasthenewpoliciesencouragingstudentstojointhearmy.24-year-oldZhou,asfinancemajor,isalsoturninghisattentiontotheforceinordertoseekhisowndevelopment.Earlierthismonth,hejustpassedthephysicalexaminationofthecalltoarmy.“Ihopeastockybodyandastrongmindcanbegainedbythethoroughtrainingoftheforce.I’mnotbotheredaboutmycareerdevelopmentafterjoiningthearmy;onthecontrary,Ithinkitbenefitstomycareerdevelopment.”Modernarmiesbadlyneedthewell-educatedpeopletocompletethecomplicatedequipment,asthemodernwarfareandthemilitaryplansincreasinglyneedcomplextechniqueandoperationalcapability.Itistheconscriptionofficestatedthatcomparingwithfirstlyenlistingrecruitsfromcollegestudentsin2001,theenrolleesfromuniversitygraduatesincreasefrom0.1%to60%inBeijing.Bachelororabovewillbeusefulforthesuccessfulapplicationoftherecruitment.Youwillhavemoreadvantagesifyoumaintaintheknowledgeinsomespecificfield.Forexample,thepersonoflanguagemajorhasabigadvantageduetotheneedofthelanguagecompetenceforthemilitaryexchanges.Thequalifiedpersonfromelectroniccommunicationsorelectronicswhichrepresentakeyfieldofthefuturemilitarycompetitionhasahighdemand.Inordertoattractmorehigh-qualitytalentstojointhearmy,publicityandrewardsprogramhavebeenengaginginthecollegegraduatesbeingcalledup.Infact,thisismeaningful,whichbroadensyourhorizons,leavesmoretimeformappingoutyourwholefuturecareeraswellaswhetherornottobewillingtoengageintheforces.8.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.根据第二段的最后一句“Itisbelievedthesetattoosweremadeinacurativeeffort.”可知选项A正确；根据第四段的第二句“...usedittoshowtheworldtheirsocialstatus.”可知选项B表达有误；根据第六段的第一句“InTahiti,tattooswereariteofpassageandtoldthehistoryoftheperson'slife.”可知选项C正确；根据第七段的第一句“Later,tattoosbecamethesouvenirofchoiceforglobetrottingsailors.”可知选项D正确。所以本题选B。2.根据第二段的第一句“Foryears,scientistsbelievedthatEgyptiansandNubianswerethefirstpeopletotattootheirbodies.”可知选项D正确。3.根据第三段的第四句“theJapanesebecameinterestedintheartbutonlyforitsdecorativeattributes,asopposedtomagicalones.”日本人对这种艺术产生了兴趣，但只是因为它的装饰性，而不是魔力。选项A正确。4.根据第三段的最后一句“DuringthefirstmillenniumA.D.,JapanadoptedChinesecultureinmanyaspectsandconfinedtattooingtobrandingwrongdoers.”可知选项A正确；根据第五段的最后一句“...usedtattoostomarktheirslaves.Romansdidthesamewithslavesandcriminals.”可知选项B错误；选项C在文中没有提及；根据倒数第二段的最后一句“Soonafter,tattooparlorsweresetupinthearea,surroundingportsworldwide.”可知选项D错误。5.根据最后一段的内容可知，19世纪中叶，警方认为纽约市一半的黑社会罪犯都有纹身。港口地区以到处都是犯了某种罪行的水手而闻名。这很有可能是纹身名声如此之差，并与反叛分子和犯罪分子联系在一起的原因。选项B符合原文。9.【答案】C【解析】副词词义辨析。Instantaneously即刻，突如其来地；simultaneously同时地；spontaneously自发地；unanimously全体一致地。句意：虽然大多数梦显然是自发的，但梦境可能是由外部影响引起的。选项C符合句意。

10.【答案】A【解析】byaccident偶然，意外的；onschedule按时；ingeneral总之，通常；atintervals不时。句意：令人不安的是，我们知道的很多罪行是偶然发现的，而不是通过系统的检查或其他安全程序发现的。选项A符合句意。11.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.结合全文分析可以看出，第一段的第一句为本文的中心句。“Computershaveaidedinthestudyofhumanitiesforalmostaslongasthemachineshaveexisted.”所以选项D正确。2.根据原文倒数第二段的内容可知，Foster声称莎士比亚是《葬礼晚歌》的匿名作者，因为他基于计算机的方法得到了知名学者的支持。本段的最后一句提到，如果Foster的主张经得起长时间的推敲判断，这首诗将是过去100年里莎士比亚经典中为数不多的几首增补作品之一。由此推断，选项A表述错误。3.根据原文的后半部分可知Foster证实匿名作品的作者是通过应用计算机（比较不同作家的文体和风格）来研究其风格。选项D正确。4.根据第二段的第一句“Mainframecomputershelpedgreatlyinthehighlylaborioustask.”可知选项A错误；根据第三段的第一句“Suchtypesof...continuetodoso.”可知，选项B错误；根据第二段的最后一句可知，选项D也不正确，所以本题选C。5.access意为可接近的，可获得的。这里指计算机的普及，所以选项A正确。12.【答案】A【解析】pickup捡起，获得，收拾；pickout挑选出；pick不与through和in搭配。句意：消防队员没有直接扑灭维吉尼亚州的大火，而是正在扑灭一些如果被风吹到可能会变得很危险的热点地区。选项A符合句意。

13.【答案】A【解析】cameoff举行，成功；wentoff爆炸，离去；broughtout出版，生产；madeout理解，辨认出。句意：在深谷里建发电站是困难的，但正如我们所希望的那样成功了。选项A符合句意。

14.【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。straightforward坦率的，明确的；partial偏爱的；favorable喜爱的；hostile敌对的，不友善的。句意：因为女销售员对顾客的态度不友善，经理投去了责备的目光。选项D符合句意。15.【答案】C【解析】evaluated评估，估价；converted转变，改变；fluctuated波动；modified修改。句意：当地人发现蔬菜的价格不再随天气而波动，感到非常高兴和惊讶。选项C符合句意。16.【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。intensive加强的，集中的；intermediate中间的，起媒介作用的；preliminary初步的；operational操作的，运行的。句意：主席在开始会议的主要工作之前作了初步发言。选项C符合句意。17.【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonus”willturn“demographicdeficit”,whichmeansthatcaringfortheincreasingnumberofelderlypeoplewillgrowsrapidly.ItissaidthattheworstofthecrisisforChina’sagingpopulationhitthetwentyyearsafter2030.Therefore,weshouldbewellpreparedsoastodealwiththeseriousproblemofagednessbymakingfulluseofpopulationdividend.Chinaisthetypicalcountryfacingtheagingpopulationbeforebeingrichoneaccordingtoareport.It’sgoingtobeaperennialproblemandcouldtakealongtimetoresolve.Chinahasstucktoitsfamily-planningpolicytoefficientlycontrolthetendencyofincreasingpopulation.ItisestimatedthatChina’stotalpopulationwillreach1.465billionin2030whenthegovernmentwouldfaceanagingpopulationandadecreasedbi