高中定语从句精讲课件

Module6Grammarattributiveclauses1.定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用的句子。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词3.关系代词、关系副词：引导定语从句的词作用：1.引导定语从句；2.代替先行词；3.在定语从句中担当一个成分Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系代词：Adictionaryisabook.whichgivesthemeaningofwords.abookwhich选哪一个？关系代词？关系副词？依据：关系代词在定语从句中可充当

主语、宾语或定语。

关系副词在定语从句中充当地点状语、时间状语、原因状语等。关系词的用法一览表

关系代词先行词成分who

whom

which

thatwhose+名词

as人主/宾人宾物/主句主/宾人/物主/宾人/物定语人/物/主句主/宾

关系副词

先行词

成分where=介词(in/at/…)+which表地点的名词地点状语when=介词(in/on/during…)+which表示时间的名词时间状语why==forwhichreason原因状语1.Theman___________wrotethisbookisafamousscientist.2.Theman________________yousawjustnowisourheadmaster.3.Hefoundthewatch___________hehadlost.4.Didyouseetheletter__________cametoday?who/that(whom/who/that)(which/that)which/that5.Thisbookisforthestudents_______nativelanguageisnotEnglish.6.Thehouse______windowsweredamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.whosewhose

thewindowsofwhich

whose+n.=the+n.ofwhich=ofwhichthe+n.ofwhichthewindows如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。Iwillneverforgetthedays(______Istayedwithyou).when____JurassicParkisaboutapark______(averyrichmankeepsdifferentkindsofdinosaurs).___________where1958wastheyear______(Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm).__________Pleasegivemethereason_____(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).________whenwhyMorningisthebesttime______(youpractisereadingaloud)._________whenDoyourememberthelake_____(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）___________where2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive)._______whereinwhichThehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.whichthat/______Luckilynoneofthepeople_____(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake.whowhomthat/___Myfatherwasbornintheyear______(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout).________________________inwhichwhen比较下列句子Thisisthefactory____________wevisitedyesterday.Thisisthefactory___________myfatherworkedlastyear.which\that\不填where/inwhichIwillneverforgettheday_________Iwasborn.Iwillneverforgettheday________wespenttogetherlastyear.when(which\that)onwhich限制性定语从句VS非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句不能用逗号与主句分开，它与先行词的关系非常密切，说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等。如果去掉。原句意思会含糊不清。非限制性定语从句前面需用逗号与主句分开，它只是先行词的补充说明，去掉也不会影响对全句的理解。eg.Adoctorisaperson

wholooksafterothers'health.Iliketheboy,whoisverylovely.限制性非限制性以下情况需用that1.先行词是everything,nothing,anything,somebody,none等不定代词时2.先行词被all,much,little,every,no,any等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时4.当先行词既有人又有物时5.若主句中有疑问代词

who

，which等，为了避免重复而用that。以下情况不能用that1.that不能引导非限制性定语从句2.that不能直接放在介词后1.Thatisall______Iwanttosay.2.Thefirstplace_____theyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.3.Thisisthebestfilm____I’veeverseen.4.Thisistheverydictionary____Iwanttobuy.5.Doyouknowthethingsandpersons_____theyaretalkingabout?(that)(that)(that)(that)(that)

1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it二、只能用which的情况:

1、逗号后面(非限制性定从)2、介词后面2.Thisisthehouse

in______heoncelived.

A.whoseB.that

C.whichD.this介词+关系代词引导的定语从句及介词的选择：◆指人：介词+whom

指物：介词+which1.Thisistheroom___whichIlive.2.Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIfirstmethim.onin介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配1.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系Oxygenisagas______whichmancan'tlive.withoutwithwhomas做关系代词的用法1.当先行词有thesame,such修饰时Don’treadsuchbooksasyoudon’tunderstand.Sheworethesamedressas

heryoungersisterwore.

2.as

引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，可放在句首,句中或句末。常译为“正如……”常用结构如：asiswell-known

“众所周知”aswasexpected

“正如所预料的那样”asanybodycansee

“正如大家所看到的”……which引导非限制性定语从句既可代指先行词，又可指代整个主句，意义上相当于“andthis…”Football,

whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.1.Suchsigns___weuseintheexperiment_____Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is2.______hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As3.Wedothesamework_____theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like◆代词/数词+of+which/whom

引导的定语从句Hehasthreesons,___aredoctors.twoofthemB.twoofwhomC.twoofwhichD.ofwhichtwo(2009全国I,28)Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_____Ihadevermetbefore.A.them

B.whoC.whom

D.these

Mr.Smithhassomepictures,______________arevaluable.Mr.Smithhassomepictures,and___________arevaluable.allofwhichallofthem

Therearemanybooksinthelibrary,_________areaboutscience.A.30%inwhichB.ofwhich30%C.30%ofthemD.30%inthemofwhich30%当先行词为theway时当先行词是way,意为“方式”“方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词可用that,inwhich和省略三种情况。1.Theway_____________heexplained