广外大自考英语本科“毕业水平考试”讲义-资料课件

广东省高等教育自学考试英语专业本科段

毕业水平考试复习

Part1:ListeningPredictionbyreadingquestionsandlistentothefirstseveralsentencesKeywordsGeneralideaDetailsGiveupandmoveonifyoucan’t.题型态度题场景题细节题主旨题理解题PartIISectionA:Proofreading常见错误类型时态搭配（介词搭配、固定搭配、短语搭配）名词单复数（代词指代）主谓一致逻辑词性词义关系代词平行结构SectionB:CloseSteps:1.Readingthroughthepassagequickly.2.Findthekeywordshelpingtofilltheblanks.题型搭配题语义题词义辨析题主旨题PartIIIReadingComprehension掌握大意——主旨题细节题——迅速定位推理题——合理推断PartIVTranslationTrytofindthesuitableequivalencesinChineseDidMaryfollowthescholar’sargument?Thegistofwhattheysaidinthemeetingwasasfollows.Tomfollowsthelaw.Thegeneralmanagerproposedtobuildtwograndhotelstherein2019andmorethefollowingyear.ThestreetsofHangzhouwerealmostdesertedtodayasHangzhoupeopleturnedintotheirradiotofollowthecourtproceedings.Theprivatedetectivefollowthemanforacoupleofdays.Inthedemonstrationtheywerefollowedbyagroupofoldladies.Ihavefollowedtheprogressoftheconstructionofthisresidentialareawithdeepinterest.Ifthisviewiscorrect,itfollowsthattheblackholeisakindofmaterialintheuniverse.TrytofindthesuitableequivalencesinEnglish干部应该虚心听取群众的意见。你应该听医生的意见。汤姆对此很有意见。许多人对这种做法很有意见。我对该教学计划提出了一些修改意见。双方在昨天的会商闹起了意见。中美两国就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。双方取得了一致意见。他们在这件事上意见不一。如果没有意见，现在散会。PracticeTherain-triggeredmudslidesinZhouquCountyofnorthwestChina'sGansuProvincehaskilled1270people.Itisreportedthattherobberarmedwithapistolkillsincoldblood.Thestockexchangevotedtokilltheproject.Afterkillingtheballwithhischestandhisthigh,hebrushedpastBeckhamandshotatthegoal.Toomuchsaucewouldkillthetasteoftheherbs.Hekilledthetreebysprayingittooheavily.Afterdivorce,hekilledeverydaydownbyplayingmahjongwithhisdepravedcompany.Herjokenearlykilledme.Theykilledthemotionwhenitcamefromcommittee.Theoutstandingfinalkilledtheaudience.翻译强化练习1：我的最大爱好是深思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。Mymostfavoredhobbyis(musing)meditation.Icouldstayinsolitudeforalongtimewithoutfeelingunpleasant.Toenjoyhappinessaloneishappiness,tobearsadnessaloneisalsohappiness.Whenyoustayalone,yourinnerworldisnotblank,ratheritisfullofgloriescolors.情绪上的大欢乐和大悲痛往往都在孤独中产生。孤独中，思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情——激昂的和伤感的。Greathappinessandsorrowusuallycomefromsolitude.Whileyouarealong,itallowsthemindtomender,wanderfreely,unrestrainedbylogic.Solitude,moreoftenthannot,brewshumanpoeticfeelings---inspiringorsentimental.孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。Solitudecanhelpyoutofurtherdevelopyourideasfartherandmoreprofound,andcanhelpyoumakeamorethoroughrecognitionandexaminationofyourselfandenvironmentyouarein.翻译强化练习2：世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。Thefirstgenerationofmuseumsarewhatmightbecallednaturalmuseumswhich,bymeansoffossils,specimensandotherobjects,introducedtopeopletheevolutionaryhistoryoftheEarthandvariouskindsoforganisms.第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

Thesecondgenerationarethoseofindustrialtechnologieswhichpresentedthefruitsachievedbyindustrialcivilizationatdifferentstagesofindustrialization.Despitethefactthatthosetwogenerationsofmuseumshelpedtodisseminate/propagate/spreadscientificknowledge,theyneverthelesstreatedvisitorsmerelyaspassiveviewers.世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。Thethirdgenerationofmuseumsintheworldarethoserepletewith/fullofwhollynovelconcepts/notions/ideas.Inthosemuseums,visitorsareallowedtooperatetheexhibitswiththeirownhands,toobserveandtoexperiencecarefully.Bygettingclosertotheadvancedscienceandtechnologiesinthisway,peoplecanprobeintotheirsecretmysteries.翻译强化练习3：大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。Naturedoesthesamefavortoeveryhumanbeing,whetherrichorpoor.Soallthehumansputonthenaturedeepdependence,especiallyinthecountryside,wherethepeoplehavebeenlivingthesamelifeforthousandsofyears.种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。Theyplantcropsandgrapes,makewinetodrink,feedthecattleandmilkthecows,weedandplantflowers.Theygotochurchatweekends,andplaymusicinstrumentsontheplazainthefestivals,dancingandsinging.往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。Thepreviousruralfarmsremaintoday’ssweethome.Inthiswayeachareahaslegendsofitsownandthecustomspassdown．翻译强化练习4：7月初，广州市政协向广州电视台提交建议，要求大幅提高普通话在广州电视台的播出比例，降低粤语播音比重。EarlyJuly,theGuangzhouCPPCCproposedtoGuangzhouTVchannel,requestingtheTVstationtosubstantiallyincreasetheuseofMandarininthestation'sbroadcastingtoreplacethecurrentprogramsbroadcastedinCantonese.这触发了近年来一直盘踞在广州人对本土文化消失的深厚焦虑。七月的广州，从大众媒体到网络世界，"保卫粤语"的声浪，如七月骄阳，持续高涨。TheproposaltriggeredthepublicconcernandworsenedtheanxietyofGuangzhouresidentsforthedisappearinglocalcultureoverthepastyears.DuringJuly,frommassmediatointernet,thewaveof"ProtectingCantonese“,likethetemperatureinthismonth,continuestoriseinGuangzhou.翻译强化练习5：上海世博会自开幕以来，一直有着"东热西冷"的现象：浦东园区的众多国家馆深受观众"追捧"，沙特馆、日本馆、德国馆等排队时间往往超过4小时；而浦西的城市最佳实践区则相对冷清。ShanghaiWorldExpohassinceitsopeningbeenmorepopularintheeastsection(Pudong)thaninthewest(Puxi).MostnationalpavilionslocatedinPudonghavebeenadmiredanddesiredbyvisitors.Visitorshavetoqueueforoverfourhoursforsomenationalpavilions,suchasSaudiArabia,Japan,Germany,etc.Bycontrast,UrbanBestPracticesArea(UBPA)inPuxiislargelyoverlooked.尽管组织者近日推出了"集满最佳实践区16个印章，可参观热门馆"的"捆绑"举措，但收效不大。为了进一步为浦东园区"散热"，上海世博局副局长胡劲军23日透露，近日已开始把欧洲广场的部分演出向浦西青年博览广场转移。Althoughtheorganizerhaslaunchedtheactivityof“Ifyoucollect16sealsfromUBPA,youcanvisitoneofthepopularnationalpavilions”,butitprovedtobeavail.Furthermore,someoftheperformancesstagedattheEuropeanSquareinPudong,willbesoontransferredtotheYouthExpoSquareinPuxi,saidHuJinjun,ViceDirectorofShanghaiExpoBureau,inaneffortto"cool"theoverheatedPudongsection.翻译强化练习6：近日，关于各地高中语文教材"大换血"的讨论甚是热闹，因其中涉及的鲁迅作品较多，被称为"鲁迅大撤退"。对此，外界观点可谓针锋相对。Recently,thediscussiononrenewinghighschoolChineseteachingmaterialinmanyprovinceshasbeenoverheatedbecauseitisrelatedtoomuchtoreplacingLuxun’sworks,whichwascalled“bigwithdrawalofLuxun”.Towardsthisissue,theoutsidersholdconflictingviewpoints.支持者认为新时期作家的作品更具当下价值，反对者则担心青少年在上语文课时缺失人文理想。ThesupportersbelievethattheworksofcontemporarywritersdocontainmorecontemporaryvalueswhiletheopponentsareworriedabouttheteenagersmightlosttheirhumanityidealintheChineseclasses.网友的质疑声也不断，很多网友认为，删除大量经典作品无论对于老师教学还是学生学习都不利，不过，也有相当部分网友力挺改革。Thedoubtsfromnetizensarealsoconstant.Mostofthemholdthatdeletingtoomuchclassicworkswillbenefitneitherteachersnorstudents.Yetthereareconsiderablenumberofnetizenswhosupporttherenewal.翻译强化练习7：Winnersdonotdedicatetheirlivestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldbe;rather，theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheirenergyputtingonaperformance，maintainingpretenceandmanipulatingothers.想像中自己应该是什么样的，成功者没将生命消耗在这种信念上．相反，他们活得有自我。因此不绞尽脑汁矫揉造作，不试图将他人玩弄于股掌之中。Theyareawarethatthereisadifferencebetweenbeinglovingandactingloving，betweenbeingstupidandactingstupid，betweenbeingknowledgeableandactingknowledgeable.Winnersdonotneedtohidebehindamask.他们知道，真正关爱和虚情假意之间、真傻和装傻之间、真才实学和佯装有才之间界限分明。成功者无需面具掩藏自我。Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycanseparatefactsfromopinionsanddontpretendtohavealltheanswers.Theylistentoothers，evaluatewhattheysay，butcometotheirownconclusions.成功者勇于独立思考，敢于展示才能。他们能将事实和观点区别开来，不假装全懂。他们听人进言，并权衡利弊，从而得出自己的结论。Althoughwinnerscanadmireandrespectotherpeople，theyarenottotallydefined，demolished，bound，orawedbythem.尽管会钦佩他人，但他们从不为其所勒绊。Winnersdonotplay“helpless”，nordotheyplaytheblaminggame.Instead，theyassumeresponsibilityfortheirownlives.成功者不表现出无助，也不怨天尤人。相反，他们对生活尽职尽责。翻译强化练习8：Operaisexpensive:thatmuchisinevitable.Butexpensivethingsarenotinevitablytheprovinceoftherichunlessweabdicatesociety’spowerofchoice.Wecanchoosetomakeopera,andotherexpensiveformsofculture,accessibletothosewhocannotindividuallypayforit.Thequestionis:whyshouldwe?聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？Nobodydeniestheimperativesoffood,shelter,defence,healthandeducation.Buteveninaprehistoriccave,mankindstretchedoutahandnotjusttoeat,drinkorfight,butalsotodraw.Theimpulsetowardsculture,thedesiretoexpressandexploretheworldthroughimaginationandrepresentationisfundamental.没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了吃、喝或搏杀，而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。翻译强化练习9：Beyondallthatistheprofoundsignificanceofchildrentotheveryinstitutionofthefamilyitself.Tomanypeople,husbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily—theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,tovalidateitsfamilycharacter,togathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。对许多人来说，夫妻两人尚不足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭——夫妻需要孩子来丰富其两人小天地，赋予该小天地以真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。Childrenneedthefamily,butthefamilyseemsalsotoneedchildren,asthesocialinstitutionuniquelyavailable,atleastinprinciple,forsecurity,comfort,assurance,anddirectioninachanging,oftenhostile,world.Tomostpeople,suchahomebase,intheliteralsense,needsmorethanonepersonforsustenanceandingenerationalextension.孩子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。家庭作为一种社会机构，以其特有的方式，至少从原则上说，可在一个变幻莫测、常常是充满敌意的世界中让人从中获取某种安全、慰藉、保障，以及价值取向。翻译强化练习10：Thequestionforallofyoutodayis:howwillyoudefinewhatyoumakeofyourself?

Tome,whatyoumakeofyourselfisactuallytwoquestions.There'sthe"you"thatpeopleseeontheoutside.Andthat'showmostpeoplewilljudgeyou,becauseit'salltheycanseewhatyoubecomeinlife,whetheryouweremadePresidentofthis,orCEOofthat,thevisibleyou.今天要问大家的一个问题是：你将如何使自己成为你想要塑造成的那种人？就我而言，你将要成什么样的人其实包含两个方面。其一是那个人们都可以看到的那个外在的“你”。大多数人也是依次来评判你，因为他们所能看到的你的现实的生活就是这个样子----你也许是这家公司的总裁，或者那家公司的CEO---一个看得见的你。Butthen,there'stheinvisibleyou,the"you"ontheinside.That'sthepersonthatonlyyouandGodcansee.For25years,whenpeoplehaveaskedmeforcareeradvice,whatIalwaystellthemisdon'tgiveupwhatyouhaveinside.Neversellyoursoul.Becausenoonecaneverpayyouback.其二是那个人们看不见的隐藏在你内心深处的“你”。这个“你”只有上帝和你自己能看到。25年以来，当有人请我为他们提些职业建议时，我总是告诉他们，不要放弃内心深处的那个“你”，决不出卖自己的灵魂，因为没有人能够偿还得起。PartIVWritingThreepartsIntroduction(thesisstatement)Body(topicsentences)Conclusion(asummary)IntroductionOrganizeyourintroductionasfollows:Beforethethesis,writeasentenceortwoeithertogivebackgroundonthesubjecttosetthelimitofthediscussion,orclarifythekeywordstobeused.Writeyourthesisstatement.AddsomefactstothethesisGuangdongUniversityofForeignStudiesisoneofthemostprestigiousforeignstudiesuniversitiesinChina.Itisaveryniceschoolforstudentsinacademicstudies,self-developmentandjobopportunitiesupongraduation.Example1:Peoplewholiveinthesuburbsarealike.(undivided) Peoplewholiveinthesuburbsarealikeinage,raceandpolitics.(Dividedintothreeparts)Example2:Capitalpunishmentshouldbeabolished.(undivided)Capitalpunishmentshouldbeabolishedbecauseitisuselessandinhuman.(Dividedintotwoparts)Example3:Campusfoodisawful.(undivided)Campusfoodisawfulintaste,varietyandnutrition.(Dividedintothreeparts)Example4:IchooseEnglishasmymajorduetothreefactors.(undivided)

ThreeimportantfactorscontributetomychoosingEnglishasmymajor:mypersonalinterestinit,betterjobopportunitiesandfurthereducationavailability.(Dividedintothreeparts)BodyThebodypartshouldfollowthethesisstatementexactly.Eachpointmentionedinthethesisshouldbecomethetopicsentenceofthebodyparagraphs.Theorderofthethesisshouldbemaintainedinthebodyparagraphs.Thesisstatement

andtopicsentenceThethesisstatementplansthetrip.Ittellsnotonlywheretheessayisgoing,buthowitisgoingthere.Thetopicsentenceshowso