虚拟语气在条件句中的使用课件

TheSubjunctiveMoodinconditionals虚拟语气在条件句中的使用在英语中随着说话人意图的不同，动词需用不同的形式，称为语气。英语语气有三种：语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。②祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。

Pleasebecareful.请细心点。①陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

Therearetwosidestoeveryquestion.

③虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。

IfIwereabird,Icouldflyintheair.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。Mayyousucceed!祝您成功！Iwishyouweremorecareful.但愿你更细心些。

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用条件状语从句分为真实条件句和非真实条件句。如果假设的情况与事实相反，或根本不可能实现，或发生的可能性很小，就是非真实条件句，即虚拟条件句。两种条件句的谓语动词形式各不相同。真实条件句用陈述语气的动词形式，而非真实条件句用虚拟语气的动词形式。与事实相反！1)Ifhehastime,hewillgoshoppingtonight.2)IfIhadtime,Iwouldvisityou.与现在事实相反：虚拟条件句主句didbe---wereshould/would/could/might+do如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglishharder.Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。与过去事实相反虚拟条件句主句haddoneshould/would/might/could+have+done

如果昨天你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。Ifyouhadbeentherelastnight,nothingwouldhavehappened.如果我早到一点的话，我就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。IfIhadgotthereearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthebus.与将来事实相反虚拟条件句主句Did/

wereshoulddoweretodoshould/would/could/might+do表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(wereto)+动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would/should/couldmight+动词原形。明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。Ifitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失败了，我会再试一次。IfitwereSundaytomorrow,wewouldn’thaveanexam.形式情况条件从句主句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反过去式(be用were)

would(should,could,might)+dohad+done

would(should,could,might)+havedone1.过去式/were2.should+do3.wereto+do

would(should,could,might)+do含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如果有had,should,were可以将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语实行部分倒装。注意一：

eg:Ifitshouldbefine,wewouldgoforanouting.

Shoulditbefine,wewouldgoforanouting.

eg:Iftheyhadhadtime,theywouldhavecomeandhelpedus.

Hadtheyhadtime,theywouldhavecomeandhelpedus.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.

Wereittoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.Exercises:1.I______________(come)tooifIhadtimetospare.2.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe__________(come),shewouldhavemetmybrother.3.Ifthehurricanehadhappenedduringthedaytime,there________________(be)moredeaths.should/wouldcomehadcomewouldhavebeen

4.Ifit___________________________(rain)tomorrow,we________________(notgoout).5.______(be)Iingoodhealth,I_____________(go)withyoutomorrow.

rained/shouldrain/weretorainwouldnotgooutWerewould/shouldgo当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。注意二：如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。从句表示过去，主句表示现在如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youmightnotbeinsuchtroublenow.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthosedays,weshouldbegoingonwiththeworks.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）

Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）

1.如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了．

Iftheweather____________finer,thecrops_______________________stillbetter.2.如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医院里了．

Ifyou_______________theteacher’sadvice,you______________inthehospital.3.如果你身体状况好一些的话，我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作的．

Ifyou

inbetterhealth,we_________________youtogotheretohelptheirwork.hadbeencouldhaveallowedwouldbegrowinghadfollowedwouldn’tbewereE.Exercises高考链接2012【2012全国卷II】⒘I’mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI___findthemoney.A.can B.might C.would D.need【答案】A考链接2012【2012重庆】25.-____youinterruptnow?Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?-SorrySir,butit’surgent.A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would【答案】C考链接2012【2012全国】30.I

_useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't【答案】D考链接2012【2012北京】33.We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightfaceC.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced【答案】C考链接2012【2012福建】31.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe_____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited【答案】D考链接2012【2012陕西】17.Ifmycar_____morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe【答案】B考链接2012【2012陕西】23.I_______thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.A.won’tB.can’tC.canD.will【答案】B考链接2012【2012山东】30.Ifwe_____adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.A.haven’tmadeB.wouldn’tmakeC.didn’tmakeD.hadn’tmade【答案】D考链接2012【2012湖南】29.Sorry，Iamtoobusynow.IfI_____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had【答案】D考链接2012【2012天津】8.It’squitewarmhere;we_____turntheheatingonyet.A.couldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t【答案】C考链接2012【2012天津】15.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold______usaridehome.A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toffered【答案】D考链接2012【2012江西】22.We____haveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon’tbewithusfordinner.A.maynotB.needn’tC.can’tD.mustn’t【答案】B考链接2012【2012辽宁】24.Oneofourrulesisthateverystudent____wearschooluniformwhileatschool.A.mightB.couldC.shallD.will【答案】C考链接2012【2012辽宁】33.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe_____somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did【答案】D考链接2012【2012四川】19.IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid“NiHao”justasI____doinChina.A.mustB.mightC.canD.should【答案】B考链接2012【2012浙江】19.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_____secondthoughts.A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad【答案】D考链接2012【2012江苏】28.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but____saywherehewas.A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.mightn’t【答案】C考链接2012【2012江苏】35.--Happybirthday!--Thankyou!It’sthebestpresentI_____for.A.shouldhavewishedB.musthavewished.C.mayhavewishedD.couldhavewished【答案】D1.（2011全国）32.They______havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should考链接20112.(2011北京)24.—Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?—Don’tworry.He

come.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswereA.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot3.(2011北京)28.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey

alwayslate.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen4.(2011北京)30.MaybeifI

science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying5.（2011上海）28.I______worryaboutmyweekend—Ialwayshavemyplansreadybeforeitcomes.A.can’tB.mustn’t C.daren’tD.needn’t6.(2011天津)15.I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome7.(2011重庆)25.——Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?——Iwantto,butmymomsimply_________notletmeoutsolateatnight.A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should8.（2011四川）20.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey

.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should9.(2011陕西)22.I__________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone10.(2011陕西)24.—Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?--OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall11.（2011湖南）28.-----Noone_______becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.-----Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.A.canB.needC.mustD.might12.（2011福建）25.—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?—Iamafraidyou_______,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can13.（2011福建）34.—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnu