高职高专英语语法及练习

Grammarone一般时态的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforsimpletensesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.1.状语从句中,一般现在时表示将来.2.瞬间性动词的一般现在时表示将来行为发生的计划性和规划性。1.状语从句中,一般现在时表示将来.2.瞬间性动词的一般现在时表示将来行为发生的计划性和规划性。3.一般现在时可用于新闻标题、使用指南等说明文体4.一般过去时用来表示某种感情色彩。Yourjobdescriptionclearlytellsyouyourrolewithinyourfamily.GeorgeBushHoldsTalkswith

TonyBlair.Whotoldyouthis!I'lltellhimaboutitifhecomestomorrow.Task2Task2-Mom,Ihavecutmyfinger.-You(ask)forit!Americandelegation(leave)BeijingforShenzhenthisafternoonIwillgiveittoherasshe(come)baketotheoffice.Thebook(aim)atteachingfreshmenhowtoreadfaster.TrainAccident(kill)23People(NewsHeadline)Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.图书馆晚上10点闭馆。下次来上课前请预习课文。我早就告诉过你。新教学楼落成(Newsheadline)去纽约的航班明天早上8点起飞。Grammartwo进行时态的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforcontinuoustensesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.有些动词表示的动作不能延续，他们的进行时表示将来的概念，尤其是表示近期按计划或安排要做的事情。进行时与表示经常性的频度副词连用，表示反复或经常发生的动作或状态，表达说话人一定的感情色彩。有些动词表示的动作不能延续，他们的进行时表示将来的概念，尤其是表示近期按计划或安排要做的事情。进行时与表示经常性的频度副词连用，表示反复或经常发生的动作或状态，表达说话人一定的感情色彩。连系动词的进行时强调被描述情况或状态的暂时性。在时间、条件状语从句中现在进行时可以表示将来正在进行的动作。Areyouseeingsomeoneoff?Heisalwaysmakingtrouble.Theyareleavingtomorrow.Youarebeingmodest.Don'tinterrupthimifheisreading.Task2PutthefollowingintoChinese.Jackisconstantlyleavinghisthingsabout.Theiruncleisarrivingverysoon.Sheisbeingnicetoyou.Iftheyarenotdoingit,whatamItodo?Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.他老是撒谎。飞机就要起飞了。这会儿我不觉得累。你这可不大客气呀。GrammarThree完成时态的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforperfecttensesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.表示瞬间动词或位置转移的动词，其现在完成时不能与表示持续时间的状语连用。过去完成时和将来完成时常与状语“by。。"连用。在“"Itis/wasthefirst/second/third/thirdC.Ourcountrywillhavebecomeapowerfulonebythemiddleofthe21powerfulonebythemiddleofthe21stcentury.Time/day/month/year。。。That。。”结构中用完成时。D.E.Itwasthesecondtime(that)youhadaskedmethatquestion.D.E.inpublic.ItisthethirdtimeIhavespokeninpublic.Wehadlearned2,000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Herbrotherhasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.Task2Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences.HehasleftShanghaiforalongtime.Hehasgotupfortwohours.ThisisthefirstfilmIsawthisterm.Therewasaknockatthedoor.Itwasthesecondtimesomeoneinterruptedmethatevening.Wewillfinishtherepairstoyourcarbytomorrowmorning.Itwillbereadyforyouat11o'clock.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.到明年这个时候，你们将学完英语课程。他当医生已10年了。这是我今天喝的第一杯咖啡。到上月底，她已经花完了所有的钱。你到达的时候，她已离开。GrammarFour原级，比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforcomparativeandsuperlativedegrees

andmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.表示两者间“较……的一个”时，形容词比较级前需加定冠词，可用：The+比较级+ofthetwo结构。比较级前的修饰语有much,far,even,alot,alittie,somewhat等。当形容词最高级用作表语而又并非与他人他物比较时，不必用“the”。如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，不需再加定冠词。倍数的比较可用“倍数/half+asmuch/many+as+被比较方的结构。“Themore…themore…”表示“越……越…Fruitsarebestwhentheyarefresh.Thisroomisthebiggerofthetwo.Todayisourbusiestday.Thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.Theharderyouwork,themoreyouget.Mynewglassescostmehalfasmuchasyours.Task2Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice.Themarketinthecountryis(busiest,thebusiest)inwinter.“HowtallisRalph?”“He's(fartaller,slighttaller)thanyouare.”3・Tomis(happiest,thehappiest)whenheplaysthepiano.Heis(thestronger,stronger)ofthetwo.Thepricewasveryreasonable；Iwouldgladlyhavepaid(asthreetimesmuchas,threetimesasmuchas)Heasked.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.她帮助别人时感到最幸福。这种水果夏季最好卖。他看起来比实际年龄小得多。我服药越多，似乎感觉越糟。两人中，他高一些。Grammarfive被动语态的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforthepassivevoiceandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.1•有些动词的1•有些动词的-ed形式既是形容词又是其过去分词。在系表结构中表示状态。有些动词以主动语态表示被动意义。有些动词的某些意义表示状态，不能用于被动语态；女如have,fit,suit,hold（容纳），pass,suffer等。“have+宾语+过去分词”可以表示让别人执行某一行为，也可以表示行为执行者不明。在make,let,see,hear,watch,Feel,notice等动词后作宾语ThepoemreadswellB.Theclassroomcanhold

fiftystudents.ThewindowwasshutwhenIwentby.Shehadherpursestolen.Thevaporcanbeseentocomefromthewetclothes.补足语的不定式需省去to,但当句子变为被动语态时，作为主语补足语的不定式必须带to。Task2Puttheverbsinbracketsintotheirpropertensesandvoices.Shehadherfinger(cut)whenshepeeledanapple.Theboywasseen(runaway)barefooted.Theoldwoman(worry)abouthergranddaughter.Insuchweathermeatwon't(keep)long.Machinesmadeinchina(sell)verywellabroad.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.这本书写得很好。他从树上跳下来的时候摔断了腿。这扇门很好开。人们经常听见她唱这首流行歌曲。5.这个西瓜重10公斤。GrammarsixInfinitives（动词不定式的特殊用法）Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforinfinitivesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright。1•动词不定式的完成式用来表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。介词for常用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。在“Itis+adj.+forsomeonetodo..."句型中，该形容词主要说明的是动作的特性。介词of常用于“Itis+adj.+ofsometodo...”句型中，该形容词主要说明的是人的品质和特性。Therebe句型的动词不定式形式为theretobe；复合式为“fortheretobe...”。5•动词不定式作状语时，若其逻辑主语与主句中的主语不一致，须用“for”将逻辑主语引出。ItiskindofyoutolookaftermypuppywhileI'maway.Foronetoborrowbooks,itisimperativetohavebeenpromotedlastweek.C.HeissaidtohavebeenpromotedlastweekItisveryeasyforyoutolearnhowtodrive.Idon'twanttheretobeanydisagreementbetweenus.Task2Rearrangethefollowingtoformsentences.heseems，forawholeday，tohaveworked，lookingtired.theretobe，Ineverimagined，somanystudents，oncampus.reallydifficult，totrainananimal，todance，itis，forus.impolite，ofyou,itis,totalkbacktoyourfather.everycitizen，protectingtheenvironment，hasasharein，tobehealthy，foracity.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.据说他上星期已经被开除了。我没料到我的班上会有那么多学生。你只身一人进入森林真是太勇敢了。何时出发由你来定。要说好英语，就必须大量练习。GrammarsevenGerunds（动名词的特殊用法）Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforinfinitivesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.某些动词女口escape,avoid,enjoy,love,like,hate,mind,mean,consider,quit习惯上接动名词作直接宾语。形容词busy,hard和名词difficulty,problem,trouble等后常接动名词。某些句子结构中常用动名词，如：“spendtimedoing”，“beworthdoing”，“cannothelpdoing”。4•动名词可以修饰另一个名词表示功能、用途、类别等。5.“go+动名词”用来表示去做某事。Heoftengoesfishingwithhisson.Itisnousecryingoverspilledmilk.Sheusedtowearthatbrandofswimmingsuit.Itwasharddealingwithnaughtyboys.Shetriedtoavoidquarrellingwithhim.Task2Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformsofthewordsbelow.thewholefamilywent（camp）onthebeachlastweekend.Thereisno（smoke）areaintheofficebuilding.Shecouldn'thelp（laugh）whenshewastoldthefunnystory.Missingthelastbusmightmean（return）tothehotelonfoot.Shewasbusy（prepare）fordinner.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.你常去溜冰吗？这篇小说值得一读。她读英语有困难。她厌恶抽烟。医生建议他戒酒。Grammareightparticiples（现在分词和过去分词的特殊用法）Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforinfinitivesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.1•现在分词短语作状语时，句子主语与分词动作构成主谓关系。2.分词短语可放在名词后面作宾语补足语。3•分词短语作状语时，如果与句子主语不一致，应在分词前加上其逻辑主语，构成独立主语结构。4.过去分词短语作状语时，分词动作时句子主语的补足语。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldtheywenthomedisappointed•Satisfiedwithherwork,herbossgaveherapayraise•Beforeleavingtheroom,heturnedoffalllights.D.Onhiswayhome,hesawanoldmandyinginthesnow.Task2Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformsofthewordsbelow.If（heat）,waterwillboil.（See）inthedistance,themountainlookslikeawomanlyingbythesideofthelake.Thepolicecaughthim（steal）thebike.Weather（permit）,theyaregoingtohaveaspringoutingtomorrow.（Havefinished）hishomework,Jackjoinedhisfriendsplayingfootball.

Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.因为太兴奋，他昨晚两点才睡觉。她发现两扇玻璃窗被打破了。天色已晚，我们只好返回学校。一到面试的时候，他就不知道该如何表达了要是多给我点时间我会做得更好。Grammarnine定语从句的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforattributiveclausesandmatchthemwiththesentencesintheright.在非限定性定语从句中，只能用在非限定性定语从句中，只能用which,而不能用that。当先行词为不定代词时，限定性定语从句通常用that引导。当先行词由指人和物的名词并列构成时，限定性从句为that。当关系代词前需要加介词时，如果指物，该关系代词为which。当先行词前有序数词或最高级形式修饰时，定语从句引导词为that。A.Hetalksabouttheteachersand

Schoolsthathehadvisited.ThatwasthehouseinwhichIOncelived.HeansweredmeinapoliteButfirmway,whichmademedisappointed.ThisisthefirsttimethatMarkhasbeeninchina.EverythingthatwesawwasofGreatinteresttous.whilewhile引导的时间状语从句常用进行时态。lest引导的状语从句常用动词Should,would,might等表示虚拟。从属连词whether,,,or...意思是nomatterwhether...or...，引导让步状语从句。Task2Fillintheblankswiththebestchoice.I'velostthepen(inthat,withwhich)Iwrotemypaperyesterday.Thisisthebestnovel(which,that)Ihaveeverread.You'lljustaskmeanything(that,which)Idon'tmakeclear.Shementionedsomebooksandwriters(which,that)Ihaveneverheardof.Itoldthewaitresstoringmeupatsix,(which,that)shedidthenextmorningTask3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.那就是我爷爷曾经住过的房子。这是我听过的最好笑的笑话。在这儿我没有什么可做的。这就是我放书包的那把椅子。昨天我们开了一个会，在会上大家接受了他的建议。Grammarten状语从句的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforadverbialclausesandtheminthecolumnontheright.A.Iamgoingwhetheritisrainingornot.B.Takeyourumbrellawithyoulestitshouldrain.Exhaustedthoughhewastherewasnohopeofhisbeingabletosleep.在正式文体中，as或though引导的让步状语从句必须以形容词、名词或动词（原形）等开头，而且整个从句置于主句之前。含有关联词hardly/scarcely...When和nosooner...than的两种句子结构表示“一……就…”之意。Hebrokehislegwhilehewasplayingfootball.Hehadhardlyenteredtheroomwhenthetelephonerang.Task2Ineachoffollowingsentences,oneoftheunderlinedwordsorphrasesisincorrect.FindthemistakeandcorrectitHardlydidhebegintospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.ABCDStrongwhilehewas,hecouldnotlifttheweight.ABCDHehandledtheinstrumentwithcaresothatitshouldbedamaged.ABCDTriedashemight,hisexperimentwasstillafailureABCD5Whetheryoubelieveitnot,itistrue.ABCDTask3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.我们一到家，就开始下雨了。不管你是和我一块去还是待在家里，我都要去你尽管试吧，但你决不会成功。他读书时睡着了。Grammareleven名词性从句的一些特殊用法Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsfornominalclausesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.1.在1.在what引导的名词性从句中，What相当于thethingsthat/which。2.当whether引导的名词性从句充当介词的宾语时，whether不能用if替代。关系代词that的前面不能加介词，但在but,except和in后面除外。在名词性从句中，if只能引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。“that”引导同位语句时，在从句中补充当成分。A.SheknewnothingabouthisJourneyexceptthathewaslikelytobeawayfortwoweeks.B.Whattheyneedmostisfood.C.Wearediscussingaboutwhetherwewillaccepttheproposal.Theydidn'taccepthisplanthattheoldlibraryshouldbepulleddownIdon'tknowifhewillcomehereontime.Task2Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences..3.4.5.A.Whenwewerestudentswewouldspendourholidaysinthecountryside.B.Youshouldhavecomehereontime.Can'tyouhelpmelookafterthebabywhileI'mbusy.Youneedn'thaveboughtmesuchanexpensivewatch.Shemusthavebeencaughtinatrafficjam.Pleaseshowmethebookswhatyouboughtyesterday.Ifhewillbesentabroadremainsunknown.Theyaretalkingaboutifthebookwillsellwell.Wemustpaymuchattentiontothatwehavefound.Tommydidnotapproveoftheideawhattheyhadatriptogether.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.我对他一无所知，只知道他住在隔壁。他没有告诉汤姆他要结婚的消息。我不记得经理要你做什么事。露西的去留问题我们还没有讨论呢。他需要的是经验。GrammartwelveModalAuxiliaries(情态动词的特殊用法)Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsformodalauxiliariesandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.在否定疑问句中，情态动词通常都用缩略形式。would可用来表示过去常发生的行为或动作。“情态动词+have+过去分词”结构用于对过去所发生的事进行推测。“needn't+have+过去分词”表示在行为发生后说话人认为“本不必去做”。“should(not)+have+过去分词”用于表示责备；肯定式表示说话人认为“该做的事没有做”，而否定式则表示“不该做的却做了”。Task2Completethefollowingsentencesusingproperformsofmodalverbs.Whenhewasinhisthirtieshegetupearlyanddosomerunning.Youhavetypedthecontractformeyesterday.Youknewwemustsignittoday.Shehaveoverslept.Shenevercomeslateforwork.(not)youhaveanothercupofcoffee?Sheinvitedallofyoubutme.She(not)havetakenmeforhergoodfriend.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.我昨天不该喝那么多啤酒。你本不必来那么早。会议9点才开始。过去一遇到问题，她就会去找她姐姐帮忙。地面是湿的。刚才一定是下过雨了。难道她不该涨工资吗？Grammarthirteen

Inversion（倒装句型的特殊用法）Task1studythefollowinggrammartipsforsubjunctivemoodandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.1在主谓状和主系表句型中，当状语或表语前置时句子须全部倒装。A、Awayranthemanashesawthepoliceman.2、带否定意义的词或带否定词的短语位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。B、oftendoesmymomtellustostudyhard.3、当only，often，so等副词位于句首时，句子需要倒装。C、Innowaycanhesolvetheproblemifhehesitates.4、当out，in，away，down，up等方位副词位于句首时，句子须全部倒装。D、UnderthetableliesawhitecatTask2Changethefollowingsentencesintoinvertedorder.1、Theheadmasterstoodthere.2、Icouldhardlyrecognizehim.3、ThestudentsrushedoutwhentheEnglishclasswasover.4、Asmalltreestoodonthetopofthehill.5、Thenoticeissoclearthatitcannotbemisunderstood.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.1、瞧！你要找的人来了。2、直到天气已晚我们才回家。3、刚发生地震又闹水灾。4、那个学生一见外国人扭头就走。5、只有到毕业后我们才认识到学英语的重要性。GrammarfourteenTask1SubjunctiveMoodI（虚拟语气的特殊用法I）Studythefollowinggrammartipsforsubjunctivemoodandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.1.虚拟条件从句子中的should,had或were可以前A.Ifyouhadfollowedhisadvice，you置省去“if”wouldnotbewaitingforthenext2•条件从句的时态与主句的时态可以不一致。trainnow3•有些虚拟式中只出现主句。B.IfonlyIhadacar!有些虚拟式中只出现虚拟条件从句。C.WereIfiveyearsyounger，Iwouldlearnanotherlanguage.D.Awisemanwouldnotlendhimsuchalargesumofmoney.Task2Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformsofverbs.IfonlyI(be)thereyesterday!2.Hadshestudiedharder,she(speak)Englishbetternow.(be)Iabird,Icouldflyhome.Anicegirl(notsay)thistoherfather.Wereittoraintomorrow,we(notcome)here.Task3TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.如果你昨天参加了晚会,我肯定会看到你的。如果你再做那样的事，就会受到惩罚。好学生是不会旷课的。要是我们早点起床，昨天我们就到北京了。要是她跟我在一起多好啊。GrammarfifteenSubjunctiveMoodII(虚拟语气的特殊用法II)Task1Studythefollowinggrammartipsforsubjunctivemoodandmatchthemwiththesentencesinthecolumnontheright.由without,butfor引出的虚拟式。由or,otherwise引出的虚拟式。由lest,forfearthat,fearingthat等引出的虚拟式。由asif,asthough引出的虚拟式。由wouldrather/wouldsooner引出的虚拟式。A.Shegavehimalotofhelp,orhewouldnotbesosuccessfulnow.PleaseremindmelestIshouldforget.Icouldn'thavepassedthepianotestwithoutyourguidance.D.Shetreatedtheboyasifhewereherownchild.E.Iwouldratheryoustayedherefordinner.Task2Changethefollowingsentencesint